168-563: Iakovos " Jake " Chapman (born 1966) and Konstantinos " Dinos " Chapman (born 1962) are British visual artists, previously known as the Chapman Brothers . Their art explores deliberately shocking subject matters; for instance, in 2008, they produced a series of works that appropriated original watercolours by Adolf Hitler . In the mid-1990s, their sculptures were included in the YBA showcase exhibitions Brilliant! and Sensation . In 2003,
336-515: A Hollywood Reporter article, Burton states: “I grew up watching the Universal horror movies, Japanese monster movies, and pretty much any kind of monster movie. That was my genre.” Burton also said that his love of Ray Harryhausen ’s work got him interested in stop-motion animation at a young age. After graduating from Burbank High School in 1976, Burton attended the California Institute of
504-537: A fire in a storage warehouse destroyed many works from the Saatchi collection including Hell . The brothers subsequently made a very similar, though more extensive, work called Fucking Hell . In 2006, the journalist Lynn Barber claimed that she had received a death threat from the brothers, following conducting an interview with them. In 2007, they were criticised by journalist Johann Hari for adopting an anti-Enlightenment philosophy, and for Jake Chapman saying that
672-818: A $ 150 million budget. Burton also co-produced Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter with Timur Bekmambetov , who also served as director (they previously worked together in 9 ). The film, released on June 22, 2012, was based on the novel by screenwriter and novelist Seth Grahame-Smith , who wrote the film's screenplay and also authored Pride and Prejudice and Zombies . The film starred Benjamin Walker as Abraham Lincoln , Anthony Mackie as William H. Johnson , Joseph Mawle as Lincoln's father Thomas , Robin McLeavy as Lincoln's mother, Nancy , and Mary Elizabeth Winstead as Lincoln's love interest (and later wife), Mary Ann Todd . The film received mixed reviews and performed poorly at
840-402: A $ 170 million budget and combined production and advertising costs of $ 300 million, ultimately losing money. In February 2021, it was announced that Burton would be directing and producing Wednesday , a series for Netflix based on the titular character from The Addams Family starring Jenna Ortega and Christina Ricci . This marked Burton's first foray into directing television since
1008-512: A Golden Globe nomination for Best Director , and won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction . The film blends explicit gore and Broadway tunes and was well received by critics. Johnny Depp's performance as Sweeney Todd was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor . In 2005, filmmaker Shane Acker released his short film 9 , a story about a sentient rag doll living in a post-apocalyptic world who tries to stop machines from destroying
1176-509: A box office disappointment for Disney, the film was received well by critics for its story and visual aspects and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Musical or Comedy Score (by Randy Newman ). Elfman and Burton reunited for Mars Attacks! . Based on a popular science-fiction trading card series , the film was a hybrid of 1950s science fiction and 1970s all-star disaster films. The coincidence made it an inadvertent spoof of
1344-683: A candidate for chancellor. Former chancellor Franz von Papen and other conservative leaders convinced President Paul von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30 January 1933. Shortly thereafter, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933 , which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of Nazism . Upon Hindenburg's death on 2 August 1934, Hitler succeeded him, becoming simultaneously
1512-544: A casual labourer and by painting and selling watercolours of Vienna's sights. During his time in Vienna, he pursued a growing passion for architecture and music, attending ten performances of Lohengrin , his favourite Wagner opera. In Vienna, Hitler was first exposed to racist rhetoric. Populists such as mayor Karl Lueger exploited the city's prevalent anti-Semitic sentiment, occasionally also espousing German nationalist notions for political benefit. German nationalism
1680-545: A challenge to the government in Berlin. Hitler and Ludendorff sought the support of Staatskommissar (State Commissioner) Gustav Ritter von Kahr , Bavaria's de facto ruler. However, Kahr, along with Police Chief Hans Ritter von Seisser and Reichswehr General Otto von Lossow , wanted to install a nationalist dictatorship without Hitler. On 8 November 1923, Hitler and the SA stormed a public meeting of 3,000 people organised by Kahr in
1848-656: A classical high school and become an artist, Alois sent Hitler to the Realschule in Linz in September 1900. Hitler rebelled against this decision, and in Mein Kampf states that he intentionally performed poorly in school, hoping that once his father saw "what little progress I was making at the technical school he would let me devote myself to my dream". Like many Austrian Germans, Hitler began to develop German nationalist ideas from
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#17328439635392016-442: A comic book fan – and I think it started when I was a child – is because I could never tell which box I was supposed to read. I don't know if it was dyslexia or whatever, but that's why I loved The Killing Joke , because, for the first time, I could tell which one to read. It's my favorite. It's the first comic I've ever loved. And the success of those graphic novels made our ideas more acceptable. In 1990, Burton created
2184-466: A crowd of over 6,000. To publicise the meeting, two truckloads of party supporters drove around Munich waving swastika flags and distributing leaflets. Hitler soon gained notoriety for his rowdy polemic speeches against the Treaty of Versailles, rival politicians, and especially against Marxists and Jews. In June 1921, while Hitler and Eckart were on a fundraising trip to Berlin , a mutiny broke out within
2352-677: A film adaptation of the fantasy novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children , written by Ransom Riggs , in November 2011. The film , starring Asa Butterfield , Eva Green , and Samuel L. Jackson , was released in theatres by 20th Century Fox on September 30, 2016. Burton also directed a live-action adaptation of the Disney animated film Dumbo , released on March 29, 2019, with Colin Farrell , Danny DeVito , Eva Green , and Michael Keaton starring. The film grossed $ 353 million worldwide against
2520-453: A heightened state of decay. Additionally clown's noses are now present on the skulls of the corpses; snakes, rats and insects (like those found in joke shops) cover the piece. Death is two sex dolls , placed on top of each other, head-to-toe in the 69 sex position : despite appearing to be made of plastic it is in fact cast in bronze and painted to look like plastic. That year the prize was eventually won by Grayson Perry . On 24 May 2004,
2688-469: A letter to Hindenburg. The signers urged Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as leader of a government "independent from parliamentary parties", which could turn into a movement that would "enrapture millions of people". Hindenburg reluctantly agreed to appoint Hitler as chancellor after two further parliamentary elections—in July and November 1932—had not resulted in the formation of a majority government. Hitler headed
2856-949: A local comprehensive (Christ Church Primary) & (William Parker School). Dinos studied at the Ravensbourne College of Art (1980–83), Jake at the North East London Polytechnic (1985–88) before both together enrolled at the Royal College of Art (1988–90), when they also worked as assistants to the artists Gilbert and George . They began their own collaboration in 1991. The brothers have often made pieces with plastic models or fibreglass mannequins of people. An early piece consisted of eighty-three scenes of torture and disfigurement derivative of those recorded by Francisco Goya in his series of etchings , The Disasters of War (a work they later returned to) rendered into small three-dimensional plastic models. One of these
3024-473: A major inspiration for the successful 1990s cartoon Batman: The Animated Series , as the darkness of Burton's film and its sequel allowed for a darker Batman on television. Burton claimed that the graphic novel Batman: The Killing Joke was a major influence on his film adaptation of Batman : I was never a giant comic book fan, but I've always loved the image of Batman and the Joker. The reason I've never been
3192-690: A matter of debate. His friend August Kubizek claimed that Hitler was a "confirmed anti-Semite" before he left Linz. However, historian Brigitte Hamann describes Kubizek's claim as "problematical". While Hitler states in Mein Kampf that he first became an anti-Semite in Vienna, Reinhold Hanisch , who helped him sell his paintings, disagrees. Hitler had dealings with Jews while living in Vienna. Historian Richard J. Evans states that "historians now generally agree that his notorious, murderous anti-Semitism emerged well after Germany's defeat [in World War I], as
3360-659: A mediocre bohemian artist, by overlaying her motifs and colour on to expanded copies of thirteen of his drawings. Also included in the Chapmans' 2008 exhibition was Fucking Hell and a series of doctored eighteenth and nineteenth century-style aristocratic portraits in oils. In 2011, in their "Human Rainbow" and "Introspastic" series, the Chapman Brothers produced further works based on the same Hitler drawings of Geli Raubal and his dogs which had been previously appropriated by Ira Waldron in her 2007 exhibition. On 1 October 2010,
3528-515: A meeting with the Prime Minister of Bavaria, Heinrich Held , on 4 January 1925, Hitler agreed to respect the state's authority and promised that he would seek political power only through the democratic process. The meeting paved the way for the ban on the Nazi Party to be lifted on 16 February. However, after an inflammatory speech he gave on 27 February, Hitler was barred from public speaking by
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#17328439635393696-500: A move that helped assuage fans' fears, as well as attracting older audiences not as interested in a superhero film . When the film opened in June 1989, it was backed by the biggest marketing and merchandising campaign in film history at the time, and became one of the biggest box office hits of all time, grossing over $ 250 million in the U.S. and $ 400 million worldwide (numbers not adjusted for inflation) and earning critical acclaim for
3864-515: A number of catalogue essays and pieces of art criticism in his own right, as well as a book, Meatphysics (Creation Books, 2003). The brothers have also designed a label for Becks beer as part of a series of limited edition labels produced by contemporary artists. Using a title from the Tim Burton film, in 2004 they curated A Nightmare Before Christmas as part of the occasional All Tomorrow's Parties music festival at Camber Sands . In October 2013
4032-534: A product of the paranoid "stab-in-the-back" explanation for the catastrophe". Hitler received the final part of his father's estate in May 1913 and moved to Munich , Germany. When he was conscripted into the Austro-Hungarian Army , he journeyed to Salzburg on 5 February 1914 for medical assessment. After he was deemed unfit for service, he returned to Munich. Hitler later claimed that he did not wish to serve
4200-665: A recommendation by Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann , his Jewish superior, Hitler received the Iron Cross, First Class, a decoration rarely awarded at Hitler's Gefreiter rank. On 15 October 1918, he was temporarily blinded in a mustard gas attack and was hospitalised in Pasewalk . While there, Hitler learned of Germany's defeat, and, by his own account, suffered a second bout of blindness after receiving this news. Hitler described his role in World War I as "the greatest of all experiences", and
4368-544: A result of military action in the European theatre . The number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history . Hitler's father, Alois Hitler (1837–1903), was the illegitimate child of Maria Schicklgruber . The baptismal register did not show the name of his father, and Alois initially bore his mother's surname, "Schicklgruber". In 1842, Johann Georg Hiedler married Alois's mother. Alois
4536-798: A retrospective at the MoMA in New York with over 700 "drawings, paintings, photographs, storyboards, moving-image works, puppets, maquettes , costumes and cinematic ephemera", including many from the filmmaker's personal collection. From MoMA , the "Tim Burton" exhibition traveled directly to Australian Centre for the Moving Image in Melbourne. Running from June 24 to October 10, 2010, the ACMI exhibition incorporated additional material from Burton's Alice in Wonderland , which
4704-479: A second music video for The Killers , " Here with Me ", starring Winona Ryder, released in 2012. The DreamWorks/Warner Bros. production Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street , based on the 1979 Broadway musical , was released on December 21, 2007, to critical acclaim and grossed $ 153 million worldwide. Burton's work on Sweeney Todd won the National Board of Review Award for Best Director , received
4872-579: A sequel to Nightmare if he and Burton could create a good story for it. In 2012, Shane Acker confirmed that Burton would work with Valve to create his next animated feature film, Deep . Like 9 , the film would take place in a post-apocalyptic world (although set in a different universe). Deep would be another darker animated film, as Shane Acker has expressed his interest in creating more PG-13 animated films. Since then, there have been no further mentions of Deep , with Acker focusing on another project announced in 2013 ( Beasts of Burden ). Burton
5040-416: A series of mannequins of children, sometimes fused together, with genitalia in place of facial features. For example, one has a male toddler wearing a bright red smock with an erect penis in place of his nose and an open anus in place of his mouth. It sold for £115,250 in 2010. Their sculpture Hell (2000) consisted of a large number of miniature figures of Nazis arranged in nine glass cases laid out in
5208-536: A short, rotund body. Released in 1992, Batman Returns grossed $ 282.8 million worldwide, making it a financial success, though not to the extent of its predecessor. Due to schedule constraints on Batman Returns , Burton produced, but did not direct, The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993) for Disney, originally meant to be a children's book in rhyme. The film was directed by Henry Selick and written by Caroline Thompson , based on Burton's original story, world, and characters. The film received positive reviews for
Jake and Dinos Chapman - Misplaced Pages Continue
5376-625: A short-lived coalition government formed by the Nazi Party (which had the most seats in the Reichstag) and Hugenberg's party, the German National People's Party (DNVP). On 30 January 1933, the new cabinet was sworn in during a brief ceremony in Hindenburg's office. The Nazi Party gained three posts: Hitler was named chancellor, Wilhelm Frick Minister of the Interior, and Hermann Göring Minister of
5544-584: A son, born in 2003 and a daughter born in 2007. Bonham Carter's representative said in December 2014 that she and Burton had broken up amicably earlier that year. It is unclear whether or not they were married; Bonham Carter has used the word divorce when discussing the end of their relationship while other news outlets state that they never married . The Independent reported in September 2023 that Burton and Bonham Carter had indeed been married for years before their separation. On March 15, 2010, Burton received
5712-515: A special party congress on 29 July, he was granted absolute power as party chairman, succeeding Drexler, by a vote of 533 to 1. Hitler's vitriolic beer hall speeches began attracting regular audiences. A demagogue , he became adept at using populist themes, including the use of scapegoats , who were blamed for his listeners' economic hardships. Hitler used personal magnetism and an understanding of crowd psychology to his advantage while engaged in public speaking. Historians have noted
5880-409: A supernatural comedy horror about a young couple forced to cope with life after death and the family of pretentious yuppies who invade their treasured New England home. Their teenage daughter, Lydia ( Winona Ryder ), has an obsession with death which allows her to see the deceased couple. Starring Alec Baldwin and Geena Davis , and featuring Michael Keaton as the obnoxious bio-exorcist Beetlejuice,
6048-555: A supernatural setting and starred Johnny Depp as Ichabod Crane , a detective with an interest in forensic science rather than the schoolteacher of Washington Irving 's original tale . With Sleepy Hollow , Burton paid homage to the horror films of the English company Hammer Films . Christopher Lee , one of Hammer's stars, was given a cameo role. A host of Burton regulars appeared in supporting roles ( Michael Gough , Jeffrey Jones , and Christopher Walken , among others), and Christina Ricci
6216-515: A unique drawing which gave screenwriter Caroline Thompson inspiration to write the script for Edward Scissorhands which Burton directed, re-uniting with Winona Ryder from Beetlejuice . His friend Johnny Depp , a teen idol at the end of the 1980s due primarily to his work on the hit TV series 21 Jump Street , was cast in the title role of Edward, who was the creation of an eccentric and old-fashioned inventor (played by Vincent Price in one of his last screen appearances). Edward looked human, but
6384-473: A young age. He expressed loyalty only to Germany, despising the declining Habsburg monarchy and its rule over an ethnically diverse empire. Hitler and his friends used the greeting "Heil", and sang the " Deutschlandlied " instead of the Austrian Imperial anthem . After Alois's sudden death on 3 January 1903, Hitler's performance at school deteriorated and his mother allowed him to leave. He enrolled at
6552-496: Is The Island of Doctor Agor , adapted from the H. G. Wells novel The Island of Doctor Moreau , which he made when he was 13 years old). Burton attended Providencia Elementary School, Luther Burbank Middle School, and Burbank High School , but was not a particularly good student. He played on the water polo team at Burbank High. Burton was an introspective person and found pleasure in artwork, painting, drawing, and watching movies. His future work would be heavily influenced by
6720-511: Is a "total waste of time". The comment caused other notable artists to speak out against Chapman's thoughts. Dinos was married to Tiphaine de Lussy; they are now divorced. They have two daughters and lived in Spitalfields , London. Both brothers are members of Arts Emergency , a British charity working with 16- to 19-year-olds in further education from diverse backgrounds. Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945)
6888-454: Is an American animator, film director, producer, artist, writer, puppeteer and illustrator. Known for pioneering Goth culture in the American film industry , Burton is famous for his gothic horror and fantasy films. He has received numerous accolades including an Emmy Award as well as nominations for two Academy Awards , a Golden Globe Award and three BAFTA Awards . He was honored with
Jake and Dinos Chapman - Misplaced Pages Continue
7056-673: Is set 13 years after the original Lewis Carroll tales. Mia Wasikowska was cast as Alice . The original start date for filming was May 2008. Torpoint and Plymouth were the locations used for filming from September 1 – October 14, and the film remains set in the Victorian era . During this time, filming took place in Antony House in Torpoint. 250 local extras were chosen in early August. Other production work took place in London. The film
7224-587: Is that van der Lubbe set the fire alone. At Hitler's urging, Hindenburg responded by signing the Reichstag Fire Decree of 28 February, drafted by the Nazis, which suspended basic rights and allowed detention without trial. The decree was permitted under Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution, which gave the president the power to take emergency measures to protect public safety and order. Activities of
7392-529: Is undeniable", according to Ian Kershaw . Published in two volumes in 1925 and 1926, Mein Kampf sold 228,000 copies between 1925 and 1932. One million copies were sold in 1933, Hitler's first year in office. Shortly before Hitler was eligible for parole, the Bavarian government attempted to have him deported to Austria. The Austrian federal chancellor rejected the request on the specious grounds that his service in
7560-614: Is widely considered inferior to the first adaptation of the novel . In 2003, Burton directed Big Fish , based on the novel Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions by Daniel Wallace . The film is about a father telling the story of his life to his son using exaggeration and color. Starring Ewan McGregor as young Edward Bloom and Albert Finney as an older Edward Bloom, the film also stars Jessica Lange , Billy Crudup , Danny DeVito , Alison Lohman and Marion Cotillard . Big Fish received four Golden Globe nominations as well as an Academy Award nomination for Elfman's score. The film
7728-618: The Ermächtigungsgesetz (Enabling Act) to a vote in the newly elected Reichstag. The Act—officially titled the Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich ("Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich")—gave Hitler's cabinet the power to enact laws without the consent of the Reichstag for four years. These laws could (with certain exceptions) deviate from the constitution. Tim Burton Timothy Walter Burton (born August 25, 1958)
7896-567: The 1932 presidential elections . A speech to the Industry Club in Düsseldorf on 27 January 1932 won him support from many of Germany's most powerful industrialists. Hindenburg had support from various nationalist, monarchist, Catholic, and republican parties, and some Social Democrats . Hitler used the campaign slogan " Hitler über Deutschland " ("Hitler over Germany"), a reference to his political ambitions and his campaigning by aircraft. He
8064-674: The Battle of the Somme in October 1916, he was wounded in the left thigh when a shell exploded in the dispatch runners' dugout. Hitler spent almost two months recovering in hospital at Beelitz , returning to his regiment on 5 March 1917. He was present at the Battle of Arras of 1917 and the Battle of Passchendaele . He received the Black Wound Badge on 18 May 1918. Three months later, in August 1918, on
8232-951: The Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment 16 (1st Company of the List Regiment), he served as a dispatch runner on the Western Front in France and Belgium, spending nearly half his time at the regimental headquarters in Fournes-en-Weppes , well behind the front lines. In 1914, he was present at the First Battle of Ypres and in that year was decorated for bravery, receiving the Iron Cross , Second Class. During his service at headquarters, Hitler pursued his artwork, drawing cartoons and instructions for an army newspaper. During
8400-592: The Bürgerbräukeller , a beer hall in Munich. Interrupting Kahr's speech, he announced that the national revolution had begun and declared the formation of a new government with Ludendorff. Retiring to a back room, Hitler, with his pistol drawn, demanded and subsequently received the support of Kahr, Seisser, and Lossow. Hitler's forces initially succeeded in occupying the local Reichswehr and police headquarters, but Kahr and his cohorts quickly withdrew their support. Neither
8568-457: The Centre Party , governed through emergency decrees from President Paul von Hindenburg . Governance by decree became the new norm and paved the way for authoritarian forms of government. The Nazi Party rose from obscurity to win 18.3 per cent of the vote and 107 parliamentary seats in the 1930 election, becoming the second-largest party in parliament. Hitler made a prominent appearance at
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#17328439635398736-588: The Disney Channel , which climaxes in a kung fu fight between Hansel and Gretel and the witch. Having aired once in 1983 at 10:30 P.M. on Halloween and promptly shelved, prints of the film are extremely difficult to locate, fueling rumors that the project did not exist. The short would finally go on public display in 2009 at the Museum of Modern Art , and again in 2011 as part of the Tim Burton art exhibit at LACMA . It
8904-579: The German Communist Party (KPD) were suppressed, and some 4,000 KPD members were arrested. In addition to political campaigning, the Nazi Party engaged in paramilitary violence and the spread of anti-communist propaganda in the days preceding the election . On election day, 6 March 1933, the Nazi Party's share of the vote increased to 43.9 per cent, and the party acquired the largest number of seats in parliament. Hitler's party failed to secure an absolute majority, necessitating another coalition with
9072-581: The Guardian they were both "sick of the partnership" and were "no longer having fresh ideas together". Jake Chapman was born in Cheltenham and Dinos Chapman in London. Their father was an English art teacher and their mother an Orthodox Greek Cypriot (hence "Jake" an anglicised diminutive of the orthodox Iakovos, and "Dinos", a typical diminutive of the orthodox Konstantinos). They were brought up in Cheltenham but moved to St Leonards-on-Sea where they attended
9240-580: The Habsburg Empire because of the mixture of races in its army and his belief that the collapse of Austria-Hungary was imminent. In August 1914, at the outbreak of World War I , Hitler was living in Munich and voluntarily enlisted in the Bavarian Army . According to a 1924 report by the Bavarian authorities, allowing Hitler to serve was most likely an administrative error, because as an Austrian citizen, he should have been returned to Austria. Posted to
9408-578: The Iron Cross . In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of the Nazi Party, and in 1921 was appointed leader of the Nazi Party. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in a failed coup in Munich and was sentenced to five years in prison, serving just over a year of his sentence. While there, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ( My Struggle ). After his early release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking
9576-527: The Knave of Hearts , with his face and voice added onto a CGI body. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, the film was a commercial success, grossing $ 1 billion worldwide, making it the highest-grossing film of Burton's career. Burton produced the film's sequel, Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016), which was directed by James Bobin . Burton began filming Dark Shadows , a feature film adaptation of
9744-663: The Oompa-Loompas , the film generally took a more faithful approach to the source material than the 1971 adaptation, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory , although some liberties were taken, such as adding Wonka's issue with his father (played by Christopher Lee). Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was later nominated for the Academy Award for Best Costume Design . The film made over $ 207 million domestically. Filming proved difficult as Burton, Depp, and Danny Elfman had to work on this and Burton's Corpse Bride (2005) at
9912-434: The Realschule in Steyr in September 1904, where his behaviour and performance improved. In 1905, after passing a repeat of the final exam, Hitler left the school without any ambitions for further education or clear plans for a career. In 1907, Hitler left Linz to live and study fine art in Vienna , financed by orphan's benefits and support from his mother. He applied for admission to the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna but
10080-404: The Reichstag building was set on fire . Göring blamed a communist plot, as Dutch communist Marinus van der Lubbe was found in incriminating circumstances inside the burning building. Until the 1960s, some historians, including William L. Shirer and Alan Bullock , thought the Nazi Party itself was responsible; according to Ian Kershaw, writing in 1998, the view of nearly all modern historians
10248-406: The Treaty of Versailles and promoting pan-Germanism , antisemitism , and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda . He frequently denounced communism as being part of an international Jewish conspiracy . By November 1932, the Nazi Party held the most seats in the Reichstag , but not a majority. No political parties were able to form a majority coalition in support of
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#173284396353910416-445: The Venice International Film Festival 's Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement in 2007 and was given the Order of the Arts and Letters by Culture Minister of France in 2010. Burton made his directorial film debut with the comedy Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985) and gained prominence for Beetlejuice (1988) and Edward Scissorhands (1990). Burton also directed the superhero films Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992);
10584-421: The parliamentary republic , which faced challenges from right- and left-wing extremists . The moderate political parties were increasingly unable to stem the tide of extremism, and the German referendum of 1929 helped to elevate Nazi ideology. The elections of September 1930 resulted in the break-up of a grand coalition and its replacement with a minority cabinet. Its leader, chancellor Heinrich Brüning of
10752-444: The "Nazi Party"). Hitler designed the party's banner of a swastika in a white circle on a red background. Hitler was discharged from the Army on 31 March 1920 and began working full-time for the party. The party headquarters was in Munich, a centre for anti-government German nationalists determined to eliminate Marxism and undermine the Weimar Republic . In February 1921—already highly effective at crowd manipulation —he spoke to
10920-426: The 1960s television series of the same name , in May 2011. In addition to starring Burton regulars Depp and Bonham Carter, the film saw Burton reunite with Batman Returns star Michelle Pfeiffer , while Burton once again collaborated with composer Danny Elfman , production designer Rick Heinrichs , and costume designer Colleen Atwood . The film was released on May 11, 2012, and grossed $ 245 million worldwide from
11088-589: The 1980s. He helmed four episodes in the first season, which began production in September 2021 for a November 2022 release. The show was released to critical acclaim. In October 2022, Burton announced that he would probably never work with The Walt Disney Company again after Dumbo , due to his distinctive style and working approach not matching with what Disney is currently looking for, with its focus on Pixar , Marvel and Lucasfilm . He stated that "It's gotten to be very homogenized, very consolidated. There's less room for different types of things". In July 2012, It
11256-474: The 2005 DVD release). In 1996, Burton and Selick reunited for the musical fantasy James and the Giant Peach , based on the book by Roald Dahl . Burton, once again, served only as a producer due to his contributions to making Mars Attacks! (1996). The film, a combination of live action and stop motion footage, starred Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , David Thewlis , Simon Callow and Jane Leeves among others, with Selick's animation direction. While
11424-403: The Army nor the state police joined forces with Hitler. The next day, Hitler and his followers marched from the beer hall to the Bavarian War Ministry to overthrow the Bavarian government, but police dispersed them. Sixteen Nazi Party members and four police officers were killed in the failed coup. Hitler fled to the home of Ernst Hanfstaengl and by some accounts contemplated suicide. He
11592-518: The Army. In July 1919, he was appointed Verbindungsmann (intelligence agent) of an Aufklärungskommando (reconnaissance unit) of the Reichswehr , assigned to influence other soldiers and to infiltrate the German Workers' Party (DAP). At a DAP meeting on 12 September 1919, Party Chairman Anton Drexler was impressed by Hitler's oratorical skills. He gave him a copy of his pamphlet My Political Awakening , which contained anti-Semitic, nationalist, anti-capitalist , and anti-Marxist ideas. On
11760-472: The Arts in Valencia, Santa Clarita , to study character animation . As a student at CalArts, Burton made the shorts Stalk of the Celery Monster and King and Octopus . Stalk of the Celery Monster attracted the attention of Walt Disney Productions , which offered Burton an animator's apprenticeship at its animation division . He worked as an animator, storyboard artist, graphic designer, art director, and concept artist on films such as The Fox and
11928-549: The Bavarian Supreme Court, he was released from jail on 20 December 1924, against the state prosecutor's objections. Including time on remand, Hitler served just over one year in prison. While at Landsberg, Hitler dictated most of the first volume of Mein Kampf ( lit. ' My Struggle ' ); originally titled Four and a Half Years of Struggle against Lies, Stupidity, and Cowardice ) at first to his chauffeur, Emil Maurice , and then to his deputy, Rudolf Hess . The book, dedicated to Thule Society member Dietrich Eckart,
12096-404: The Bavarian authorities, a ban that remained in place until 1927. To advance his political ambitions in spite of the ban, Hitler appointed Gregor Strasser , Otto Strasser , and Joseph Goebbels to organise and enlarge the Nazi Party in northern Germany. Gregor Strasser steered a more independent political course, emphasising the socialist elements of the party's programme. The stock market in
12264-692: The Chapman brothers took part in Art Wars at the Saatchi Gallery curated by Ben Moore . The artists were issued with a stormtrooper helmet, which they transformed into a work of art. Proceeds went to the Missing Tom Fund set up by Moore to find his brother Tom who has been missing for over ten years. The work was also shown on the Regents Park platform as part of Art Below Regents Park. From April–June 2003,
12432-406: The Chapmans held a solo show at Modern Art Oxford entitled The Rape of Creativity in which "the enfants terribles of Britart, bought a mint collection of Francisco Goya 's most celebrated prints – and set about systematically defacing them". The Goya prints referred to his Disasters of War set of 80 etchings. The duo named their newly defaced works Insult to Injury . BBC described more of
12600-637: The DNVP. On 21 March 1933, the new Reichstag was constituted with an opening ceremony at the Garrison Church in Potsdam . This "Day of Potsdam" was held to demonstrate unity between the Nazi movement and the old Prussian elite and military. Hitler appeared in a morning coat and humbly greeted Hindenburg. To achieve full political control despite not having an absolute majority in parliament, Hitler's government brought
12768-587: The German Army made his Austrian citizenship void. In response, Hitler formally renounced his Austrian citizenship on 7 April 1925. At the time of Hitler's release from prison, politics in Germany had become less combative and the economy had improved, limiting Hitler's opportunities for political agitation. As a result of the failed Beer Hall Putsch, the Nazi Party and its affiliated organisations were banned in Bavaria. In
12936-453: The Hound (1981), Tron (1982), and The Black Cauldron (1985). His concept art never made it into the finished films. While at Disney in 1982, Burton made his first short, Vincent , a six-minute black-and-white stop motion film based on a poem written by Burton, which depicts a young boy who fantasizes that he is his hero Vincent Price , with Price himself providing narration. The film
13104-403: The Interior for Prussia. Hitler had insisted on the ministerial positions as a way to gain control over the police in much of Germany. As chancellor, Hitler worked against attempts by the Nazi Party's opponents to build a majority government. Because of the political stalemate, he asked Hindenburg to again dissolve the Reichstag, and elections were scheduled for early March. On 27 February 1933,
13272-527: The Nazi Party in Munich. Members of its executive committee wanted to merge with the Nuremberg-based German Socialist Party (DSP). Hitler returned to Munich on 11 July and angrily tendered his resignation. The committee members realised that the resignation of their leading public figure and speaker would mean the end of the party. Hitler announced he would rejoin on the condition that he would replace Drexler as party chairman, and that
13440-404: The Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of an estimated six million Jews and millions of other victims, whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen (subhumans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the deliberate killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as
13608-510: The Nazis' paramilitary organisation, the Sturmabteilung (SA, "Stormtroopers"), which protected meetings and attacked political opponents. A critical influence on Hitler's thinking during this period was the Aufbau Vereinigung , a conspiratorial group of White Russian exiles and early Nazis. The group, financed with funds channelled from wealthy industrialists, introduced Hitler to
13776-553: The United States crashed on 24 October 1929 . The impact in Germany was dire: millions became unemployed and several major banks collapsed. Hitler and the Nazi Party prepared to take advantage of the emergency to gain support for their party. They promised to repudiate the Versailles Treaty, strengthen the economy, and provide jobs. The Great Depression provided a political opportunity for Hitler. Germans were ambivalent about
13944-904: The United States . By the end of 1941, German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa . These gains were gradually reversed after 1941, and in 1945 the Allied armies defeated the German army. On 29 April 1945, he married his longtime partner, Eva Braun , in the Führerbunker in Berlin. The couple committed suicide the next day to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army . In accordance with Hitler's wishes, their corpses were burned. The historian and biographer Ian Kershaw described Hitler as "the embodiment of modern political evil". Under Hitler's leadership and racist ideology ,
14112-664: The aim of the government "must unshakably be the removal of the Jews altogether". At the DAP, Hitler met Dietrich Eckart , one of the party's founders and a member of the occult Thule Society . Eckart became Hitler's mentor, exchanging ideas with him and introducing him to a wide range of Munich society. To increase its appeal, the DAP changed its name to the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ( National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), now known as
14280-502: The animated films Corpse Bride (2005) and Frankenweenie (2012); the science fiction films Mars Attacks! (1996) and Planet of the Apes (2001); the supernatural horror film Sleepy Hollow (1999); the fantasy films Big Fish (2003), Alice in Wonderland (2010), Dark Shadows (2012) and Dumbo (2019); the musicals Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) and Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007); and
14448-703: The biographical dramas Ed Wood (1994) and Big Eyes (2014). Starting in 2022, Burton has directed several episodes for the Netflix series Wednesday , for which he received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series . He also directed Beetlejuice Beetlejuice (2024), the sequel to the 1988 film. Burton has frequently collaborated with composer Danny Elfman , who scored all but three of his films. He has released several books including The Melancholy Death of Oyster Boy & Other Stories (1997). Timothy Walter Burton
14616-455: The blockbuster Independence Day , which had been released five months earlier. The film boasted an all-star cast, including Jack Nicholson , Glenn Close , Annette Bening , Danny DeVito , Pierce Brosnan , Michael J. Fox , Sarah Jessica Parker , Natalie Portman , Lukas Haas , Martin Short , Rod Steiger , Christina Applegate , and Jack Black . Sleepy Hollow , released in late 1999, had
14784-449: The books of such childhood heroes as Dr. Seuss and Roald Dahl , and of the visual aesthetics of silent gothic horror films, Universal Monsters movies such as Frankenstein which he would continuously tribute throughout his career, Hammer Horror films starring Christopher Lee and the horror films of Vincent Price , both of whom would star in his films, and with the latter being paid tribute in his 1982 short film Vincent . In
14952-486: The box office. He then remade his 1984 short film Frankenweenie as a feature-length stop motion film, distributed by Walt Disney Pictures . Burton has said, "The film is based on a memory that I had when I was growing up and with my relationship with a dog that I had." The film was released on October 5, 2012, and met with positive reviews. Burton directed the 2014 biographical drama film Big Eyes about American artist Margaret Keane ( Amy Adams ), whose work
15120-456: The boys who murdered Liverpool toddler James Bulger performed "a good social service". This followed a public media brawl between Jake Chapman and journalist Carole Cadwalladr in The Observer and on the internet the previous year. Cadwalladr told readers that Chapman told her she made him "feel sick" and threw her out of their studio "into the pouring rain", ordering her to "get out, just get
15288-500: The brothers had added hippie motifs. Jake Chapman described most of the dictator's works as "awful landscapes" which they had "prettified". The central device and context of this exhibition were strikingly similar to those of the artist Ira Waldron in her project "Die Damen mit den Hündchen", first exhibited at the Thessaloniki Biennale of Contemporary art in May 2007. Waldron also entered into an artistic duel with Hitler, seen as
15456-528: The brothers were co-signatories to an open letter to the British government's Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt (featuring previous Turner Prize nominees winners) which opposed any future cuts in public funding for the arts. Jake married the fashion model Rosemary Ferguson in 2004. They have two children together and live in the Cotswolds. In August 2014 Chapman was quoted as saying that taking children to art galleries
15624-467: The cast. In February 2024, Variety reported that Burton and Gone Girl writer Gillian Flynn are developing a remake of Nathan H. Juran 's film Attack of the 50 Foot Woman for Warner Bros. After Kevin Smith had been hired to write a new Superman film , he suggested Burton to direct. Burton came on and Warner Bros. set a theatrical release date for the summer of 1998, the 60th anniversary of
15792-435: The casting of the film. Edward Scissorhands is considered one of Burton's best movies by some critics. Burton has stated that this is his most personal and meaningful film because it is a representation of him not being able to communicate effectively with others as a teenager. After the success of Batman , Burton agreed to direct the sequel for Warner Bros. on the condition that he would be granted total control. The result
15960-508: The character's debut in Action Comics . Nicolas Cage was signed on to play Superman, Burton hired Wesley Strick to rewrite Smith's script, and the film entered pre-production in June 1997. For budgetary reasons, Warner Bros. ordered another rewrite from Dan Gilroy , delayed the film, and ultimately put it on hold in April 1998. Burton then left to direct Sleepy Hollow . Burton has depicted
16128-660: The claim that Alois's father was Jewish. Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in Braunau am Inn , a town in Austria-Hungary (present-day Austria), close to the border with the German Empire . He was the fourth of six children born to Alois Hitler and his third wife, Klara Pölzl . Three of Hitler's siblings—Gustav, Ida, and Otto—died in infancy. Also living in the household were Alois's children from his second marriage: Alois Jr. (born 1882) and Angela (born 1883). When Hitler
16296-439: The country. Many Germans saw the treaty as an unjust humiliation. They especially objected to Article 231 , which they interpreted as declaring Germany responsible for the war. The Versailles Treaty and the economic, social, and political conditions in Germany after the war were later exploited by Hitler for political gain. After World War I, Hitler returned to Munich. Without formal education or career prospects, he remained in
16464-481: The directing responsibility to Resnick once he was offered Ed Wood . Burton's next film, Ed Wood (1994), was of a much smaller scale, depicting the life of the infamous director Ed Wood . Starring Johnny Depp in the title role, the film is an homage to the low-budget science fiction and horror films of Burton's childhood and handles its comical protagonist and his motley band of collaborators with surprising fondness and sensitivity. Owing to creative squabbles during
16632-505: The effect of their work was powerful. The Chapman brothers were nominated for the Turner Prize in 2003. As well as including Insult to Injury , their Turner Prize exhibit debuted two new works Sex and Death . Sex directly referenced their previous work Great Deeds against the Dead . The original work shows three dismembered corpses hanging from a tree, Sex shows the same scenario, but in
16800-468: The end, the furor over the casting provoked enormous fan animosity, to the extent that Warner Brothers' share price slumped. Burton had considered it ridiculous to cast a "bulked-up" ultra-masculine man as Batman, insisting that Batman should be an ordinary man who dressed up in an elaborate bat costume to frighten criminals. Although Burton originally considered Brad Dourif , finally cast Jack Nicholson as The Joker ( Tim Curry being his second choice) in
16968-456: The exhibition's art: "Drawings of mutant Ronald McDonalds, a bronze sculpture of a painting showing a sad-faced Hitler in clown make-up and a major installation featuring a knackered old caravan and fake dog turds." While The Daily Telegraph commented that the Chapman brothers had "managed to raise the hackles of art historians by violating something much more sacred to the art world than the human body – another work of art", they also noted that
17136-472: The exhibition. "Tim Burton at Seoul Museum of Art" was exhibited as a promotion of Hyundai Card at Seoul Museum of Art from December 12, 2012, to April 15, 2013, in Seoul, South Korea. This exhibition featured 862 of Burton's works including drawings, paintings, short films, sculptures, music, and costumes that have been used in the making of his feature-length movies. The exhibition was divided into three parts:
17304-458: The experience as a difficult one, citing differences with producer Jon Peters and the studio, stating, "I basically wasted a year. A year is a long time to be working with somebody that you don't really want to be working with." In 2002, The Walt Disney Company began to consider producing a sequel to The Nightmare Before Christmas , but rather than using stop motion , Disney wanted to use computer animation . Burton convinced Disney to drop
17472-468: The family moved to Lambach. The eight-year-old Hitler took singing lessons, sang in the church choir, and even considered becoming a priest. In 1898, the family returned permanently to Leonding. Hitler was deeply affected by the death of his younger brother Edmund in 1900 from measles . Hitler changed from a confident, outgoing, conscientious student to a morose, detached boy who constantly fought with his father and teachers. Paula Hitler recalled how Adolf
17640-457: The field", had been "stabbed in the back" on the home front by civilian leaders, Jews, Marxists , and those who signed the armistice that ended the fighting—later dubbed the "November criminals". The Treaty of Versailles stipulated that Germany had to relinquish several of its territories and demilitarise the Rhineland . The treaty imposed economic sanctions and levied heavy reparations on
17808-407: The film grossed $ 80 million on a relatively low budget and won an Academy Award for Best Makeup . It would be converted into a cartoon of the same name , with Burton playing a role as executive producer, that ran on ABC and later Fox channel. Burton's ability to produce hits with low budgets impressed studio executives, and he received his first big-budget film, Batman . The production
17976-589: The film's 30th anniversary. In April 2019, Warner Bros. stated the sequel had been shelved. In February 2022, however, the sequel was announced again, this time produced by Brad Pitt 's studio Plan B Entertainment , alongside Warner Bros. Though Burton initially said that he was not involved, he later backtracked, and the sequel officially started shooting in London on May 10, 2023, with a release date of September 6, 2024, with Burton as director, Keaton and Ryder reprising their roles, and Ortega and Justin Theroux joining
18144-453: The film's overt sexuality, personified by the sleek, fetish-inspired styling of Catwoman's costume. Burton made many changes to the Penguin which would subsequently be applied to the character in both comics and television. In the comics, the penguin was an ordinary man; Burton transformed him into a freak of nature resembling a penguin with webbed, flipper-like fingers, a hooked, beak-like nose and
18312-510: The film. Burton collaborated with Selick again for James and the Giant Peach (1996), which Burton co-produced. In 1994, Burton and frequent co-producer Denise Di Novi produced the 1994 fantasy-comedy Cabin Boy , starring comedian Chris Elliott and directed/written by Adam Resnick . Burton was originally supposed to direct the film after seeing Elliott perform on Get a Life , but he handed
18480-493: The films he made during their relationship from 1992 to 2001, most notably in Sleepy Hollow , Ed Wood , and Mars Attacks! . Burton developed a romantic relationship with English actress Helena Bonham Carter , whom he met while filming Planet of the Apes . Lisa Marie responded in 2005 by holding an auction of personal belongings that Burton had left behind, much to his dismay. Burton and Bonham Carter have two children:
18648-514: The first part, "Surviving Burbank", covered his younger years, from 1958 to 1976. The second, "Beautifying Burbank", covers 1977 to 1984, including his time with CalArts and Walt Disney. The last segment, "Beyond Burbank", covers 1985 onward. "Tim Burton and His World" was exhibited at the Stone Bell House from March 3 to August 8, 2014, in Prague, Czech Republic. The exhibition later premiered at
18816-402: The fuck out!". Chapman made two profanity-laden, ranting, poorly-spelled public replies; the first was addressed to Cadwalladr, making reference to her "hopelessly toothless" wit and making offensive reference to things he claimed to associate with her which he stated made him "quite queasy", including "kippers" and "frumpy laura ashley blouses reeking of stale mothballs" [ sic ]. In
18984-536: The head of state and government, with absolute power. Domestically, Hitler implemented numerous racist policies and sought to deport or kill German Jews . His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression , the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I, and the annexation of territories inhabited by millions of ethnic Germans, which initially gave him significant popular support. One of Hitler's key goals
19152-661: The hypnotic effect of his rhetoric on large audiences, and of his eyes in small groups. Alfons Heck , a former member of the Hitler Youth, recalled: We erupted into a frenzy of nationalistic pride that bordered on hysteria. For minutes on end, we shouted at the top of our lungs, with tears streaming down our faces: Sieg Heil, Sieg Heil, Sieg Heil! From that moment on, I belonged to Adolf Hitler body and soul. Early followers included Rudolf Hess , former air force ace Hermann Göring , and army captain Ernst Röhm . Röhm became head of
19320-525: The idea of a Jewish conspiracy, linking international finance with Bolshevism . The programme of the Nazi Party was laid out in their 25-point programme on 24 February 1920. This did not represent a coherent ideology, but was a conglomeration of received ideas which had currency in the völkisch Pan-Germanic movement, such as ultranationalism , opposition to the Treaty of Versailles , distrust of capitalism , as well as some socialist ideas. For Hitler,
19488-428: The idea. "I was always very protective of ['Nightmare'], not to do sequels or things of that kind," Burton explained. "You know, 'Jack visits Thanksgiving world' or other kinds of things, just because I felt the movie had a purity to it and the people that like it... Because it's a mass-market kind of thing, it was important to kind of keep that purity of it." Regardless, in 2009, Henry Selick stated that he could make
19656-679: The insignia of Chevalier of Arts and Letters from then- Minister of Culture Frédéric Mitterrand . The same year, Burton was the president of the jury for the 63rd Cannes Film Festival , held from May 12 to 24 in Cannes , France. Burton's relationship with Italian actress and model Monica Bellucci was reported in February 2023. They met in October 2022 at the Lyon 's Lumière Film Festival . Bellucci first spoke publicly about their relationship in June 2023. From November 22, 2009, to April 26, 2010, Burton had
19824-483: The making of The Nightmare Before Christmas , Danny Elfman declined to score Ed Wood , and the assignment went to Howard Shore . While a commercial failure at the time of its release, Ed Wood became a cult classic and was well received by critics. Martin Landau received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of Bela Lugosi , and the film received the Academy Award for Best Makeup . Warner Bros.
19992-603: The meaning "one who lives in a hut". Nazi official Hans Frank suggested that Alois's mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a Jewish family in Graz , and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois, a claim that came to be known as the Frankenberger thesis . No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence, so historians dismiss
20160-523: The most important aspect of it was its strong anti-Semitic stance. He also perceived the programme as primarily a basis for propaganda and for attracting people to the party. In 1923, Hitler enlisted the help of World War I General Erich Ludendorff for an attempted coup known as the " Beer Hall Putsch ". The Nazi Party used Italian Fascism as a model for their appearance and policies. Hitler wanted to emulate Benito Mussolini 's " March on Rome " of 1922 by staging his own coup in Bavaria, to be followed by
20328-470: The music for the film. Since then, Elfman has scored every film that Tim Burton has directed, except for Ed Wood , Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street , and Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children . Additionally, Burton directed episodes of the 1985 revival of the '50s/'60s anthology horror series Alfred Hitchcock Presents and Shelley Duvall 's Faerie Tale Theatre . Burton directed his next big project: Beetlejuice (1988),
20496-525: The officer corps. Brüning's austerity measures brought little economic improvement and were extremely unpopular. Hitler exploited this by targeting his political messages specifically at people who had been affected by the inflation of the 1920s and the Depression, such as farmers, war veterans, and the middle class. Although Hitler had terminated his Austrian citizenship in 1925, he did not acquire German citizenship for almost seven years. This meant that he
20664-491: The only two actors who returned after Batman Returns were Pat Hingle as Commissioner Gordon and Michael Gough as Alfred Pennyworth. The film, a combination of the darkness that characterized the saga and colors and neon signs proposed by Schumacher, was a huge box office success, earning $ 336 million. Warner Bros. demanded that Schumacher delete some scenes so the film did not have the same tone as its predecessor, Batman Returns (later they were added as deleted scenes on
20832-413: The onset of intense father-son conflicts caused by Hitler's refusal to conform to the strict discipline of his school. Alois tried to browbeat his son into obedience, while Adolf did his best to be the opposite of whatever his father wanted. Alois would also beat his son, although his mother tried to protect him from regular beatings. Alois Hitler's farming efforts at Hafeld ended in failure, and in 1897
21000-514: The orders of his army superiors, Hitler applied to join the party, and within a week was accepted as party member 555 (the party began counting membership at 500 to give the impression they were a much larger party). Hitler made his earliest known written statement about the Jewish question in a 16 September 1919 letter to Adolf Gemlich (now known as the Gemlich letter ). In the letter, Hitler argues that
21168-518: The party headquarters would remain in Munich. The committee agreed, and he rejoined the party on 26 July as member 3,680. Hitler continued to face some opposition within the Nazi Party. Opponents of Hitler in the leadership had Hermann Esser expelled from the party, and they printed 3,000 copies of a pamphlet attacking Hitler as a traitor to the party. In the following days, Hitler spoke to several large audiences and defended himself and Esser, to thunderous applause. His strategy proved successful, and at
21336-459: The performances of both Keaton and Nicholson, as well as the film's production aspects, which won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction . The success of the film helped establish Burton as a profitable director, and it proved to be a huge influence on future superhero films, which eschewed the bright, all-American heroism of Richard Donner 's Superman for a grimmer, more realistic look and characters with more psychological depth. It also became
21504-468: The rest of his eight fellow rag dolls. The film won numerous awards and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film . After seeing the short film, Tim Burton and Timur Bekmambetov , director of Wanted , showed interest in producing a feature-length adaptation of the film . Directed by Acker, the full-length film was produced by Burton, written by Acker (story) and Pamela Pettler (screenplay, co-writer of Corpse Bride ), and featured
21672-470: The same time, which was Burton's first full-length stop motion film as a director, featuring the voices of Johnny Depp as Victor and Helena Bonham Carter as Emily. Burton directed his first music video, " Bones ", in 2006. "Bones" is the sixth overall single by American indie rock band The Killers and the second released from their second studio album, Sam's Town . Starring in this video were actors Michael Steger and Devon Aoki . Burton went on to direct
21840-582: The second, to The Observer , addressing Cadwalladr's employers as "unobservant dullards" and making reference to Cadwalladr as "gwendalin silverspoongob" [ sic ], he claimed to be "laughing at the sheer arrogance in documenting such a forgettable meeting" and concluded "you may grace your readers with the meek tones of plum-mouthed middle-Englanders, but don't send them round to my studio I'll make [...] mince meat out of them, ha ha ha." In May 2008, White Cube gallery exhibited 13 apparently authenticated watercolours painted by Adolf Hitler , to which
22008-483: The shape of a swastika . In 2003, with a series of works named Insult to Injury , they altered a set of Goya's etchings by adding funny faces. As a protest against this piece, performer Aaron Barschak threw a pot of red paint over Jake Chapman during a talk he was giving in May 2003. (Barshack was imprisoned for one month for the incident.) The Chapmans' oeuvre has also referenced work by William Blake , Auguste Rodin and Nicolas Poussin . Jake Chapman has published
22176-447: The stop motion animation, musical score, and original storyline. It was a modest box office success, grossing $ 50 million. Because of the nature of the film, it was not produced under Disney's name, but rather Disney-owned Touchstone Pictures. Disney wanted the protagonist to have eyes, but the final iteration did not. Over 100 people worked on this motion picture just to create the characters, and it took three years of work to produce
22344-490: The trial of two Reichswehr officers, Lieutenants Richard Scheringer and Hanns Ludin , in late 1930. Both were charged with membership in the Nazi Party, at that time illegal for Reichswehr personnel. The prosecution argued that the Nazi Party was an extremist party, prompting defence lawyer Hans Frank to call on Hitler to testify. On 25 September 1930, Hitler testified that his party would pursue political power solely through democratic elections, which won him many supporters in
22512-466: The two were nominated for the annual Turner Prize but lost out to Grayson Perry . In 2013, their painting One Day You Will No Longer Be Loved III was the subject of Derren Brown 's Channel 4 special The Great Art Robbery . In 2022, with the announcement of Jake Chapman's solo show Me, Myself and Eye , it was disclosed that the Chapman brothers had ended their professional association. Jake Chapman made reference to mutual "seething disdain" and told
22680-437: The upcoming film adaptation of Monsterpocalypse . In 2011, it was reported that Burton was working on a live-action adaptation of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame starring Josh Brolin , who would also be co-producing. The project did not move forward. Burton was married to Lena Gieseke, a German-born artist. Their marriage ended in 1991 after four years. He went on to live with model and actress Lisa Marie ; she acted in
22848-508: The voice work of Elijah Wood , John C. Reilly , Jennifer Connelly , Christopher Plummer , Martin Landau , and Crispin Glover , among others. Burton appeared at the 2009 Comic-Con in San Diego, California, to promote both 9 and Alice in Wonderland ; the latter won two Academy Awards, for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design . In Burton's version of Alice in Wonderland , the story
23016-550: The war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust : the genocide of about six million Jews and millions of other victims . Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn in Austria-Hungary and was raised near Linz . He lived in Vienna in the first decade of the 1900s before moving to Germany in 1913. He was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I , receiving
23184-609: Was Lebensraum ( lit. ' living space ' ) for the German people in Eastern Europe, and his aggressive, expansionist foreign policy is considered the primary cause of World War II in Europe . He directed large-scale rearmament and, on 1 September 1939, invaded Poland, causing Britain and France to declare war on Germany . In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union . In December 1941, he declared war on
23352-462: Was Batman Returns , which featured Michael Keaton returning as Batman, and a new triad of villains: Danny DeVito (as the Penguin ), Michelle Pfeiffer (as Catwoman ) and Christopher Walken (as Max Shreck , an evil corporate tycoon and original character created for the film). Somewhat darker and considerably more personal than its predecessor, concerns were raised that the film might be too scary for children. Audiences were more uncomfortable at
23520-452: Was stateless , legally unable to run for public office, and still faced the risk of deportation. On 25 February 1932, the interior minister of Brunswick , Dietrich Klagges , who was a member of the Nazi Party, appointed Hitler as administrator for the state's delegation to the Reichsrat in Berlin, making Hitler a citizen of Brunswick, and thus of Germany. Hitler ran against Hindenburg in
23688-418: Was a teenage bully who would often slap her. Alois had made a successful career in the customs bureau and wanted his son to follow in his footsteps. Hitler later dramatised an episode from this period when his father took him to visit a customs office, depicting it as an event that gave rise to an unforgiving antagonism between father and son, who were both strong-willed. Ignoring his son's desire to attend
23856-505: Was again shown at the Seoul Museum of Art in 2012. Burton's next live-action short film, Frankenweenie , was released in 1984. It tells the story of a young boy who tries to revive his dog after it is run over by a car. Filmed in black-and-white, it stars Barret Oliver , Shelley Duvall (with whom he would work again in 1986, directing an episode of her television series Faerie Tale Theatre ), and Daniel Stern . After Frankenweenie
24024-641: Was also a turning point for Burton. Along with the change in his personal life (separation from actress Lisa Marie ), Burton changed radically in style for his next project, leaving the haunted forests and colorful outcasts behind to go on to directing Planet of the Apes which, as Burton had repeatedly noted, was "not a remake" of the earlier film. Planet of the Apes was a commercial success, grossing $ 68 million in its opening weekend and eventually it earned $ 180 million in North America and $ 362 million worldwide. The film however has received mixed reviews and
24192-469: Was also the second collaboration between Burton and Helena Bonham Carter , who played the characters of Jenny and the Witch, and Burton and Danny DeVito , who played Amos Calloway the circus ringleader. Released in 2005, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is an adaptation of the book of the same name by Roald Dahl. Starring Johnny Depp as Willy Wonka , Freddie Highmore as Charlie Bucket, and Deep Roy as
24360-540: Was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party , becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934. His invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 marked the start of the Second World War . He was closely involved in military operations throughout
24528-428: Was an autobiography and exposition of his ideology. The book laid out Hitler's plans for transforming German society into one based on race. Throughout the book, Jews are equated with "germs" and presented as the "international poisoners" of society. According to Hitler's ideology, the only solution was their extermination. While Hitler did not describe exactly how this was to be accomplished, his "inherent genocidal thrust
24696-399: Was announced that Burton was working with Seth Grahame-Smith on Beetlejuice Beetlejuice , a project he had been considering making since 1990. Actor Michael Keaton also expressed interest in reprising his role as the title character along with Winona Ryder as Lydia Deetz. In October 2017, Deadline Hollywood reported that Mike Vukadinovich was hired to write a script in time for
24864-768: Was born on August 25, 1958, in Burbank, California , the son of Jean Burton ( née Erickson), who in the 1980s was the owner of a cat-themed gift shop, and William "Bill" Burton , a former minor league baseball player, who worked for many years for the Burbank Parks and Recreation Department. The baseball field at Olive Recreation Center in Burbank, California is named for Bill Burton. As a preteen, Burton made short films in his backyard at 2101 North Evergreen Street, using crude stop motion animation techniques or shooting on 8 mm film without sound (one of his oldest known juvenile films
25032-407: Was briefly attached to direct Maleficent for Walt Disney Pictures in 2011, but chose to pursue Dark Shadows and Frankenweenie instead. It was reported that Burton would direct a 3D stop motion animation adaptation of The Addams Family , which was confirmed by Christopher Meledandri, but the project was scrapped on July 17, 2013. On July 19, 2010, Burton was announced as the director of
25200-437: Was brought up in the family of Hiedler's brother, Johann Nepomuk Hiedler . In 1876, Alois was made legitimate and his baptismal record annotated by a priest to register Johann Georg Hiedler as Alois's father (recorded as "Georg Hitler"). Alois then assumed the surname "Hitler", also spelled "Hiedler", "Hüttler" , or "Huettler" . The name is probably based on the German word Hütte ( lit. ' hut ' ), and has
25368-456: Was cast as Katrina van Tassel. A well-regarded supporting cast was headed by Miranda Richardson , Michael Gambon , Richard Griffiths and Ian McDiarmid . Mostly well received by critics, and with a special mention to Elfman's gothic score, the film has grossed $ 207 million worldwide and won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction , as well as two BAFTAs for Best Costume Design and Best Production Design . A box office success, Sleepy Hollow
25536-411: Was completed, Disney fired Burton, under the pretext of him spending the company's resources on a film that would be too dark and scary for children to see. Actor Paul Reubens saw Frankenweenie and chose Burton to direct the cinematic spin-off of his popular character Pee-wee Herman , stating on the audio commentary of 2000 DVD release of Pee-wee's Big Adventure that as soon as the short began, he
25704-660: Was decided that Joel Schumacher , would direct the third film , whilst Burton would only produce it in conjunction with Peter MacGregor-Scott , in which Burton was given top-billing producer credit, without being able to contribute ideas; only approving director and screenplayers. Following this change and the changes made by the new director, Michael Keaton resigned from the lead role and was replaced by Val Kilmer . Filming for Batman Forever began in late 1994 with new actors: Tommy Lee Jones as Harvey Dent/Two-Face, Nicole Kidman as Dr. Chase Meridian, Chris O'Donnell as Dick Grayson/Robin and Jim Carrey as Edward Nygma/The Riddler;
25872-451: Was depressed but calm when arrested on 11 November 1923 for high treason . His trial before the special People's Court in Munich began in February 1924, and Alfred Rosenberg became temporary leader of the Nazi Party. On 1 April, Hitler was sentenced to five years' imprisonment at Landsberg Prison . There, he received friendly treatment from the guards, and was allowed mail from supporters and regular visits by party comrades. Pardoned by
26040-793: Was even more widespread in the Mariahilf district, where Hitler then lived. Georg Ritter von Schönerer became a major influence on Hitler, and he developed an admiration for Martin Luther . Hitler read local newspapers that promoted prejudice and utilised Christian fears of being swamped by an influx of Eastern European Jews as well as pamphlets that published the thoughts of philosophers and theoreticians such as Houston Stewart Chamberlain , Charles Darwin , Friedrich Nietzsche , Gustave Le Bon , and Arthur Schopenhauer . During his life in Vienna, Hitler also developed fervent anti-Slavic sentiments . The origin and development of Hitler's anti-Semitism remains
26208-667: Was fraudulently claimed in the 1950s and 1960s by her then-husband, Walter Keane ( Christoph Waltz ), and their heated divorce trial after Margaret accused Walter of stealing credit for her paintings. The script was written by the screenwriters behind Burton's Ed Wood , Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski . Filming began in Vancouver , British Columbia, in mid-2013. The film was distributed by The Weinstein Company and released in U.S. theaters on December 25, 2014. It received generally positive reviews from critics. Burton entered talks to direct
26376-511: Was later turned into a life-size work, Great Deeds Against the Dead , shown along with Zygotic Acceleration, Biogenetic, De-Sublimated Libidinal Model (Enlarged x 1000) at the Sensation exhibition in 1997. Their 1995 mannequin Two-faced Cunt was of a naked young girl with two heads joined together by a vagina, which sold for £91,250 in 2011. The Chapman brothers continued with Fuck Face ,
26544-507: Was left with scissors in the place of hands due to the untimely death of his creator. Set in suburbia (and shot in Land o' Lakes, Florida ), the film is largely seen as Burton's autobiography of his childhood in Burbank. Burton's idea for the character of Edward Scissorhands came from a drawing he created in high school. Depp wrote a similar comment in the foreword to Mark Salisbury's book, Burton on Burton , regarding his first meeting with Burton over
26712-399: Was not interested in Tim Burton's return as director for a third Batman installment after considering Batman Returns too dark and unsafe for children. Burton noted he was unsure about returning to direct, writing: "I don't think Warner Bros. wanted me to direct a third Batman . I even said that to them." Burton and Warner Bros. mutually agreed to part ways. To attract the young audience, it
26880-510: Was one of the first politicians to use aircraft travel for campaigning and used it effectively. Hitler came in second in both rounds of the election, garnering more than 35 per cent of the vote in the final election. Although he lost to Hindenburg, this election established Hitler as a strong force in German politics. The absence of an effective government prompted two influential politicians, Franz von Papen and Alfred Hugenberg , along with several other industrialists and businessmen, to write
27048-721: Was originally to be released in 2009, but was pushed to March 5, 2010. The film starred Johnny Depp as the Mad Hatter ; Matt Lucas as both Tweedledee and Tweedledum ; Helena Bonham Carter as the Red Queen ; Stephen Fry as the Cheshire Cat ; Anne Hathaway as the White Queen ; Alan Rickman as Absolem the Caterpillar; Michael Sheen as McTwisp the White Rabbit ; and Crispin Glover as
27216-459: Was plagued with problems. Burton repeatedly clashed with the film's producers, Jon Peters and Peter Guber , but the most notable debacle involved casting. For the title role, Burton chose to cast Michael Keaton as Batman following their previous collaboration in Beetlejuice , despite Keaton's average physique, inexperience with action films, and reputation as a comic actor. Although Burton won in
27384-463: Was praised by his commanding officers for his bravery. His wartime experience reinforced his German patriotism, and he was shocked by Germany's capitulation in November 1918. His displeasure with the collapse of the war effort began to shape his ideology. Like other German nationalists, he believed the Dolchstoßlegende ( stab-in-the-back myth ), which claimed that the German army, "undefeated in
27552-526: Was produced by Rick Heinrichs , whom Burton had befriended while working in the concept art department at Disney. The film was shown at the Chicago Film Festival and released, alongside the teen drama Tex , for two weeks in one Los Angeles cinema. This was followed by Burton's first live-action production, Hansel and Gretel , a Japanese-themed adaptation of the Brothers Grimm fairy tale for
27720-555: Was rejected twice. The director suggested Hitler should apply to the School of Architecture, but he lacked the necessary academic credentials because he had not finished secondary school. On 21 December 1907, his mother died of breast cancer at the age of 47; Hitler was 18 at the time. In 1909, Hitler ran out of money and was forced to live a bohemian life in homeless shelters and the Meldemannstraße dormitory . He earned money as
27888-444: Was released in March 2010. "The Art of Tim Burton" was exhibited at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art from May 29 to October 31, 2011, in the Museum's Resnick Pavilion. LACMA also featured six films of Tim Burton's idol, Vincent Price . "Tim Burton, the exhibition/Tim Burton, l'exposition" was exhibited at the Cinémathèque Française from March 7 to August 5, 2012, in Paris, France. All of Tim Burton's movies were shown during
28056-438: Was sold on Burton's style. Pee-wee Herman gained mainstream popularity with a successful stage show at The Groundlings and the Roxy which was later turned into an HBO special . The film, Pee-wee's Big Adventure , was made on a budget of $ 8 million and grossed more than $ 40 million at the North American box office. Burton, a fan of the eccentric musical group Oingo Boingo , asked songwriter Danny Elfman to provide
28224-472: Was three, the family moved to Passau , Germany. There he acquired the distinctive lower Bavarian dialect , rather than Austrian German , which marked his speech throughout his life. The family returned to Austria and settled in Leonding in 1894, and in June 1895 Alois retired to Hafeld, near Lambach , where he farmed and kept bees. Hitler attended Volksschule (a state-funded primary school) in nearby Fischlham . The move to Hafeld coincided with
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