194-483: Timothy Walter Burton (born August 25, 1958) is an American animator, film director, producer, artist, writer, puppeteer and illustrator. Known for pioneering Goth culture in the American film industry , Burton is famous for his gothic horror and fantasy films. He has received numerous accolades including an Emmy Award as well as nominations for two Academy Awards , a Golden Globe Award and three BAFTA Awards . He
388-514: A Hollywood Reporter article, Burton states: “I grew up watching the Universal horror movies, Japanese monster movies, and pretty much any kind of monster movie. That was my genre.” Burton also said that his love of Ray Harryhausen ’s work got him interested in stop-motion animation at a young age. After graduating from Burbank High School in 1976, Burton attended the California Institute of
582-560: A political cartoonist for the New York newspaper PM . He published his first children's book And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street in 1937. During World War II , he took a brief hiatus from children's literature to illustrate political cartoons, and he worked in the animation and film department of the United States Army . After the war, Geisel returned to writing children's books, writing acclaimed works such as If I Ran
776-817: A $ 150 million budget. Burton also co-produced Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter with Timur Bekmambetov , who also served as director (they previously worked together in 9 ). The film, released on June 22, 2012, was based on the novel by screenwriter and novelist Seth Grahame-Smith , who wrote the film's screenplay and also authored Pride and Prejudice and Zombies . The film starred Benjamin Walker as Abraham Lincoln , Anthony Mackie as William H. Johnson , Joseph Mawle as Lincoln's father Thomas , Robin McLeavy as Lincoln's mother, Nancy , and Mary Elizabeth Winstead as Lincoln's love interest (and later wife), Mary Ann Todd . The film received mixed reviews and performed poorly at
970-399: A $ 170 million budget and combined production and advertising costs of $ 300 million, ultimately losing money. In February 2021, it was announced that Burton would be directing and producing Wednesday , a series for Netflix based on the titular character from The Addams Family starring Jenna Ortega and Christina Ricci . This marked Burton's first foray into directing television since
1164-559: A 1981 article published in UK rock weekly Sounds : "The face of Punk Gothique", written by Steve Keaton. In a text about the audience of UK Decay , Keaton asked: "Could this be the coming of Punk Gothique? With Bauhaus flying in on similar wings could it be the next big thing?" The F Club night in Leeds in Northern England, which had opened in 1977 firstly as a punk club, became instrumental to
1358-475: A Blue Girl , Theatre of Ice , Human Drama and The Wake became key figures for the genre to expand on an nationwide level. The popularity of 4AD bands resulted in the creation of similar US labels, such as Wax Trax! Records and Projekt . The 1990s saw further growth for some 1980s bands and the emergence of many new acts, as well as new goth-centric US record labels such as Cleopatra Records , among others. According to Dave Simpson of The Guardian , "[I]n
1552-547: A Broadway musical , and four television series. He received two Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Children's Special for Halloween Is Grinch Night (1978) and Outstanding Animated Program for The Grinch Grinches the Cat in the Hat (1982). In 1984, he won a Pulitzer Prize Special Citation . His birthday, March 2, has been adopted as the annual date for National Read Across America Day , an initiative focused on reading created by
1746-511: A Golden Globe nomination for Best Director , and won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction . The film blends explicit gore and Broadway tunes and was well received by critics. Johnny Depp's performance as Sweeney Todd was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor . In 2005, filmmaker Shane Acker released his short film 9 , a story about a sentient rag doll living in a post-apocalyptic world who tries to stop machines from destroying
1940-509: A box office disappointment for Disney, the film was received well by critics for its story and visual aspects and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Musical or Comedy Score (by Randy Newman ). Elfman and Burton reunited for Mars Attacks! . Based on a popular science-fiction trading card series , the film was a hybrid of 1950s science fiction and 1970s all-star disaster films. The coincidence made it an inadvertent spoof of
2134-638: A career. She later recalled that "Ted's notebooks were always filled with these fabulous animals. So I set to work diverting him; here was a man who could draw such pictures; he should be earning a living doing that." Geisel left Oxford without earning a degree and returned to the United States in February 1927, where he immediately began submitting writings and drawings to magazines, book publishers, and advertising agencies. Making use of his time in Europe, he pitched
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#17328451485952328-440: A comic book fan – and I think it started when I was a child – is because I could never tell which box I was supposed to read. I don't know if it was dyslexia or whatever, but that's why I loved The Killing Joke , because, for the first time, I could tell which one to read. It's my favorite. It's the first comic I've ever loved. And the success of those graphic novels made our ideas more acceptable. In 1990, Burton created
2522-671: A few episodes of the animated TV show South Park portray or parody the goth subculture. In South Park , several of the fictional schoolchildren are depicted as goths. The goth kids on the show are depicted as finding it annoying to be confused with the Hot Topic " vampire " kids from the episode " The Ungroundable " in season 12, and even more frustrating to be compared with emo kids. The goth kids are usually depicted listening to gothic music, writing or reading Gothic poetry, drinking coffee, flipping their hair, and smoking. Morticia Addams from The Addams Family created by Charles Addams
2716-675: A film adaptation of the fantasy novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children , written by Ransom Riggs , in November 2011. The film , starring Asa Butterfield , Eva Green , and Samuel L. Jackson , was released in theatres by 20th Century Fox on September 30, 2016. Burton also directed a live-action adaptation of the Disney animated film Dumbo , released on March 29, 2019, with Colin Farrell , Danny DeVito , Eva Green , and Michael Keaton starring. The film grossed $ 353 million worldwide against
2910-558: A foundation of modern goth style and music. Some people credit the band Bauhaus' first single " Bela Lugosi's Dead ", released in August 1979, with the start of goth subculture. In the early 90s, Jack Off Jill , fronted by vocalist Jessicka , pioneered the 'Riot Goth' sound, combining elements of the goth and riot grrrl genres. Through their lyrics, the band tackled issues such as misogyny and racism, giving them significant underground appeal. The British sitcom The IT Crowd featured
3104-552: A goth aesthetic. Some of the early gothic rock and deathrock artists adopted traditional horror film images and drew on horror film soundtracks for inspiration. Their audience responded by adopting appropriate dress and props. Use of standard horror film props such as swirling smoke, rubber bats, and cobwebs featured as gothic club décor from the beginning in The Batcave. Such references in bands' music and images were originally tongue-in-cheek , but as time went on, bands and members of
3298-473: A major inspiration for the successful 1990s cartoon Batman: The Animated Series , as the darkness of Burton's film and its sequel allowed for a darker Batman on television. Burton claimed that the graphic novel Batman: The Killing Joke was a major influence on his film adaptation of Batman : I was never a giant comic book fan, but I've always loved the image of Batman and the Joker. The reason I've never been
3492-500: A move that helped assuage fans' fears, as well as attracting older audiences not as interested in a superhero film . When the film opened in June 1989, it was backed by the biggest marketing and merchandising campaign in film history at the time, and became one of the biggest box office hits of all time, grossing over $ 250 million in the U.S. and $ 400 million worldwide (numbers not adjusted for inflation) and earning critical acclaim for
3686-418: A nightclub. Tim Burton created a storybook atmosphere filled with darkness and shadow in some of his films like Beetlejuice (1988), Batman (1989), Edward Scissorhands (1990), Batman Returns (1992) and the stop motion films The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993), which was produced/co-written by Burton, and Corpse Bride (2005), which he co-produced. The Nickelodeon cartoon Invader Zim
3880-568: A number of his motifs are identifiable with structures in his childhood home of Springfield , including examples such as the onion domes of its Main Street and his family's brewery. His endlessly varied but never rectilinear palaces, ramps, platforms, and free-standing stairways are among his most evocative creations. Geisel also drew complex imaginary machines, such as the Audio-Telly-O-Tally-O-Count , from Dr. Seuss's Sleep Book , or
4074-490: A rainy day. There was an inimitable wriggle in your work long before you became a producer of motion pictures and animated cartoons and, as always with the best of humor, behind the fun there has been intelligence, kindness, and a feel for humankind. An Academy Award winner and holder of the Legion of Merit for war film work, you have stood these many years in the academic shadow of your learned friend Dr. Seuss; and because we are sure
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#17328451485954268-407: A recurring goth character named Richmond Avenal , played by Noel Fielding . Fielding said in an interview that he himself had been a goth at age fifteen and that he had a series of goth girlfriends. This was the first time he dabbled in makeup. Fielding said that he loved his girlfriends dressing him up. The game Visigoths vs. Mall Goths (2020) by Lucian Kahn is about "two versions of Goths –
4462-746: A retrospective at the MoMA in New York with over 700 "drawings, paintings, photographs, storyboards, moving-image works, puppets, maquettes , costumes and cinematic ephemera", including many from the filmmaker's personal collection. From MoMA , the "Tim Burton" exhibition traveled directly to Australian Centre for the Moving Image in Melbourne. Running from June 24 to October 10, 2010, the ACMI exhibition incorporated additional material from Burton's Alice in Wonderland , which
4656-477: A second music video for The Killers , " Here with Me ", starring Winona Ryder, released in 2012. The DreamWorks/Warner Bros. production Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street , based on the 1979 Broadway musical , was released on December 21, 2007, to critical acclaim and grossed $ 153 million worldwide. Burton's work on Sweeney Todd won the National Board of Review Award for Best Director , received
4850-575: A sequel to Nightmare if he and Burton could create a good story for it. In 2012, Shane Acker confirmed that Burton would work with Valve to create his next animated feature film, Deep . Like 9 , the film would take place in a post-apocalyptic world (although set in a different universe). Deep would be another darker animated film, as Shane Acker has expressed his interest in creating more PG-13 animated films. Since then, there have been no further mentions of Deep , with Acker focusing on another project announced in 2013 ( Beasts of Burden ). Burton
5044-483: A sequel, More Boners , published the same year. Encouraged by the books' sales and positive critical reception, Geisel wrote and illustrated an ABC book featuring "very strange animals" that failed to interest publishers. In 1936, Geisel and his wife were returning from an ocean voyage to Europe when the rhythm of the ship's engines inspired the poem that became his first children's book: And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street . Based on Geisel's varied accounts,
5238-642: A series of cartoons called Eminent Europeans to Life magazine, but the magazine passed on it. His first nationally published cartoon appeared in the July 16, 1927, issue of The Saturday Evening Post . This single $ 25 sale encouraged Geisel to move from Springfield to New York City. Later that year, Geisel accepted a job as writer and illustrator at the humor magazine Judge , and he felt financially stable enough to marry Palmer. His first cartoon for Judge appeared on October 22, 1927, and Geisel and Palmer were married on November 29. Geisel's first work signed "Dr. Seuss"
5432-536: A short, rotund body. Released in 1992, Batman Returns grossed $ 282.8 million worldwide, making it a financial success, though not to the extent of its predecessor. Due to schedule constraints on Batman Returns , Burton produced, but did not direct, The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993) for Disney, originally meant to be a children's book in rhyme. The film was directed by Henry Selick and written by Caroline Thompson , based on Burton's original story, world, and characters. The film received positive reviews for
5626-631: A son, born in 2003 and a daughter born in 2007. Bonham Carter's representative said in December 2014 that she and Burton had broken up amicably earlier that year. It is unclear whether or not they were married; Bonham Carter has used the word divorce when discussing the end of their relationship while other news outlets state that they never married . The Independent reported in September 2023 that Burton and Bonham Carter had indeed been married for years before their separation. On March 15, 2010, Burton received
5820-609: A sort of "voilà" gesture in which the hand flips outward and the fingers spread slightly backward with the thumb up. This motion is done by Ish in One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish when he creates fish (who perform the gesture with their fins), in the introduction of the various acts of If I Ran the Circus , and in the introduction of the "Little Cats" in The Cat in the Hat Comes Back . He
6014-409: A supernatural comedy horror about a young couple forced to cope with life after death and the family of pretentious yuppies who invade their treasured New England home. Their teenage daughter, Lydia ( Winona Ryder ), has an obsession with death which allows her to see the deceased couple. Starring Alec Baldwin and Geena Davis , and featuring Michael Keaton as the obnoxious bio-exorcist Beetlejuice,
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6208-555: A supernatural setting and starred Johnny Depp as Ichabod Crane , a detective with an interest in forensic science rather than the schoolteacher of Washington Irving 's original tale . With Sleepy Hollow , Burton paid homage to the horror films of the English company Hammer Films . Christopher Lee , one of Hammer's stars, was given a cameo role. A host of Burton regulars appeared in supporting roles ( Michael Gough , Jeffrey Jones , and Christopher Walken , among others), and Christina Ricci
6402-529: A supporter of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal . His early political cartoons show a passionate opposition to fascism, and he urged action against it both before and after the U.S. entered World War II. His cartoons portrayed the fear of communism as overstated, finding greater threats in the House Committee on Unamerican Activities and those who threatened to cut the U.S.'s "life line" to
6596-521: A title slightly altered from the book's , was released in 1944. Both were nominated for an Academy Award for "Short Subject (Cartoon)" . In 1966, Geisel authorized eminent cartoon artist Chuck Jones —his friend and former colleague from the war—to make a cartoon version of How the Grinch Stole Christmas! The cartoon was narrated by Boris Karloff , who also provided the voice of the Grinch. It
6790-515: A unique drawing which gave screenwriter Caroline Thompson inspiration to write the script for Edward Scissorhands which Burton directed, re-uniting with Winona Ryder from Beetlejuice . His friend Johnny Depp , a teen idol at the end of the 1980s due primarily to his work on the hit TV series 21 Jump Street , was cast in the title role of Edward, who was the creation of an eccentric and old-fashioned inventor (played by Vincent Price in one of his last screen appearances). Edward looked human, but
6984-467: A year in the life of a household of 20-somethings in Brisbane , Australia. The central characters are deeply entrenched in the local gothic subculture, with the book exploring themes relevant to the characters, notably unemployment, mental health, politics, and relationships. In 2023, several books about the music genre and the subculture, were released. John Robb 's The Art of Darkness: The History of Goth
7178-494: Is The Island of Doctor Agor , adapted from the H. G. Wells novel The Island of Doctor Moreau , which he made when he was 13 years old). Burton attended Providencia Elementary School, Luther Burbank Middle School, and Burbank High School , but was not a particularly good student. He played on the water polo team at Burbank High. Burton was an introspective person and found pleasure in artwork, painting, drawing, and watching movies. His future work would be heavily influenced by
7372-415: Is Boredom! — an eye brimming with an involuntary tear, He dreams of the gallows while smoking his water-pipe. You know him, reader, this delicate monster, —Hypocrite reader,—my twin,—my brother! The gothic subculture has influenced different artists—not only musicians—but also painters and photographers. In particular their work is based on mystic, morbid and romantic motifs. In photography and painting
7566-506: Is a fictional character and the mother in the Addams Family. Morticia was played by Carolyn Jones in the 1964 television show The Addams Family and by Anjelica Huston in the 1991 version , and voiced by Charlize Theron in 2019 animated film . A recurring sketch in the 1990s on NBC's Saturday Night Live was Goth Talk , in which a public access channel broadcast hosted by unpopular young goths would continually be interrupted by
7760-501: Is a genre of fiction that combines romance and dark elements to produce mystery, suspense, terror, horror and the supernatural. According to David H. Richter, settings were framed to take place at "...ruinous castles, gloomy churchyards, claustrophobic monasteries, and lonely mountain roads". Typical characters consisted of the cruel parent, sinister priest, courageous victor, and the helpless heroine, along with supernatural figures such as demons , vampires , ghosts , and monsters . Often,
7954-454: Is also based on the goth subculture. As the subculture became well-established, the connection between goth and horror fiction became almost a cliché, with goths quite likely to appear as characters in horror novels and film. For example, The Craft , The Crow , The Matrix and Underworld film series drew directly on goth music and style. The dark comedies Beetlejuice , The Faculty , American Beauty , Wedding Crashers , and
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8148-488: Is near his boyhood home on Fairfield Street. The family was of Jewish descent. Geisel was raised as a Missouri Synod Lutheran and remained in the denomination his entire life. Geisel attended Dartmouth College, graduating in 1925. At Dartmouth, he joined the Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternity and the humor magazine Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern , eventually rising to the rank of editor-in-chief. While at Dartmouth, he
8342-413: Is not unique to women in the goth scene, it remains an important part of many goth women's experience: The scene's "celebration of active sexuality" enables goth women to "resist mainstream notions of passive femininity". They have an "active sexuality" approach which creates "gender egalitarianism" within the scene, as it "allows them to engage in sexual play with multiple partners while sidestepping most of
8536-535: Is often broadcast as an annual Christmas television special . Jones directed an adaptation of Horton Hears a Who! in 1970 and produced an adaptation of The Cat in the Hat in 1971. From 1972 to 1983, Geisel wrote six animated specials that were produced by DePatie-Freleng : The Lorax (1972); Dr. Seuss on the Loose (1973); The Hoober-Bloob Highway (1975); Halloween Is Grinch Night (1977); Pontoffel Pock, Where Are You? (1980); and The Grinch Grinches
8730-821: Is often described as gothic. British artist Anne Sudworth published a book on gothic art in 2007. There are large annual goth-themed festivals in Germany , including Wave-Gotik-Treffen in Leipzig and M'era Luna in Hildesheim , both annually attracting tens of thousands of people. Castle Party is the biggest goth festival in Poland. In the 1980s, goths decorated their walls and ceilings with black fabrics and accessories like rosaries, crosses and plastic roses. Black furniture and cemetery-related objects such as candlesticks, death lanterns and skulls were also part of their interior design. In
8924-419: Is often suggested as one of the reasons that Geisel's writing was so well received. Geisel's early artwork often employed the shaded texture of pencil drawings or watercolors , but in his children's books of the postwar period, he generally made use of a starker medium—pen and ink—normally using just black, white, and one or two colors. His later books, such as The Lorax , used more colors. Geisel's style
9118-668: Is set 13 years after the original Lewis Carroll tales. Mia Wasikowska was cast as Alice . The original start date for filming was May 2008. Torpoint and Plymouth were the locations used for filming from September 1 – October 14, and the film remains set in the Victorian era . During this time, filming took place in Antony House in Torpoint. 250 local extras were chosen in early August. Other production work took place in London. The film
9312-614: Is widely considered inferior to the first adaptation of the novel . In 2003, Burton directed Big Fish , based on the novel Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions by Daniel Wallace . The film is about a father telling the story of his life to his son using exaggeration and color. Starring Ewan McGregor as young Edward Bloom and Albert Finney as an older Edward Bloom, the film also stars Jessica Lange , Billy Crudup , Danny DeVito , Alison Lohman and Marion Cotillard . Big Fish received four Golden Globe nominations as well as an Academy Award nomination for Elfman's score. The film
9506-643: The Private Snafu series of adult army training films. While in the Army, he was awarded the Legion of Merit . Our Job in Japan became the basis for the commercially released film Design for Death (1947), a study of Japanese culture that won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film. Gerald McBoing-Boing (1950) was based on an original story by Seuss and won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film . After
9700-545: The Batcave style. Nick Cave was dubbed as "the grand lord of gothic lushness". One female role model is Theda Bara , the 1910s femme fatale known for her dark eyeshadow. In 1977, Karl Lagerfeld hosted the Soirée Moratoire Noir party, specifying "tenue tragique noire absolument obligatoire" (black tragic dress absolutely required). The event included elements associated with leatherman style. Siouxsie Sioux
9894-765: The Dartmouth Outing Club , eating green eggs and ham for breakfast at the Moosilauke Ravine Lodge . On April 4, 2012, the Dartmouth Medical School was renamed the Audrey and Theodor Geisel School of Medicine in honor of their many years of generosity to the College. Dr. Seuss has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at the 6500 block of Hollywood Boulevard . In 2012, a crater on the planet Mercury
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#173284514859510088-586: The Disney Channel , which climaxes in a kung fu fight between Hansel and Gretel and the witch. Having aired once in 1983 at 10:30 P.M. on Halloween and promptly shelved, prints of the film are extremely difficult to locate, fueling rumors that the project did not exist. The short would finally go on public display in 2009 at the Museum of Modern Art , and again in 2011 as part of the Tim Burton art exhibit at LACMA . It
10282-621: The Headless Horseman , immortalized in " The Legend of Sleepy Hollow " (published in 1820) by Washington Irving , marked the arrival in the New World of dark, romantic storytelling. The tale was composed by Irving while he was living in England, and was based on popular tales told by colonial Dutch settlers of the Hudson Valley , New York . The story would be adapted to film in 1922 , in 1949 as
10476-526: The Knave of Hearts , with his face and voice added onto a CGI body. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, the film was a commercial success, grossing $ 1 billion worldwide, making it the highest-grossing film of Burton's career. Burton produced the film's sequel, Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016), which was directed by James Bobin . Burton began filming Dark Shadows , a feature film adaptation of
10670-705: The LARP -based Victorian and Elizabethan pomposity of the 2000s, the more Romantic side of 1980s trad-goth—mainly represented by women—was characterized by new wave/post-punk-oriented hairstyles (both long and short, partly shaved and teased) and street-compliant clothing, including black frill blouses, midi dresses or tea-length skirts, and floral lace tights, Dr. Martens , spike heels (pumps), and pointed toe buckle boots ( winklepickers ), sometimes supplemented with accessories such as bracelets, chokers and bib necklaces. This style, retroactively referred to as Ethergoth , took its inspiration from Siouxsie Sioux and mid-1980s musicians from
10864-736: The Museu da Imagem e do Som in São Paulo , Brazil, on February 4, 2016, and lasted until June 5. The exhibition was later held in Artis Tree in Taikoo Place , Hong Kong, from November 5, 2016, to January 23, 2017. The exhibition returned to Brazil from May 28 to August 11, 2019, being held at the Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil in Brasília . Goth subculture Goth is a subculture that began in
11058-658: The National Education Association . Geisel was born and raised in Springfield, Massachusetts , the son of Henrietta ( née Seuss) and Theodor Robert Geisel. His father managed the family brewery and was later appointed to supervise Springfield's public park system by Mayor John A. Denison after the brewery closed because of Prohibition . Mulberry Street in Springfield, made famous in his first children's book And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street ,
11252-663: The Oompa-Loompas , the film generally took a more faithful approach to the source material than the 1971 adaptation, Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory , although some liberties were taken, such as adding Wonka's issue with his father (played by Christopher Lee). Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was later nominated for the Academy Award for Best Costume Design . The film made over $ 207 million domestically. Filming proved difficult as Burton, Depp, and Danny Elfman had to work on this and Burton's Corpse Bride (2005) at
11446-650: The Republican Party ), parts of the press (such as the New York Daily News , Chicago Tribune and Washington Times-Herald ), and others for criticism of Roosevelt, criticism of aid to the Soviet Union, investigation of suspected Communists, and other offences that he depicted as leading to disunity and helping the Nazis, intentionally or inadvertently. In 1942, Geisel turned his energies to direct support of
11640-692: The Springfield Museums Quadrangle . In 2008, Dr. Seuss was inducted into the California Hall of Fame . In 2004, U.S. children's librarians established the annual Theodor Seuss Geisel Award to recognize "the most distinguished American book for beginning readers published in English in the United States during the preceding year". It should "demonstrate creativity and imagination to engage children in reading" from pre-kindergarten to second grade . At Dartmouth College , incoming first-year students participate in pre-matriculation trips run by
11834-593: The United Kingdom during the early 1980s. It was developed by fans of gothic rock , an offshoot of the post-punk music genre. Post-punk artists who anticipated the gothic rock genre and helped develop and shape the subculture include Siouxsie and the Banshees , Bauhaus , the Cure and Joy Division . The goth subculture has survived much longer than others of the same era, and has continued to diversify and spread throughout
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#173284514859512028-457: The Victorian and Elizabethan periods. It also frequently expresses pagan, occult or other religious imagery . Gothic fashion and styling may also feature silver jewelry and piercings. Ted Polhemus described goth fashion as a "profusion of black velvets, lace, fishnets and leather tinged with scarlet or purple, accessorized with tightly laced corsets, gloves, precarious stilettos and silver jewelry depicting religious or occult themes". Of
12222-608: The economic materialism and consumerism of the Christmas season; and Horton Hears a Who! (1954), about anti- isolationism and internationalism . Seuss's work for children has been criticized for unconscious racist themes. Dr. Seuss Enterprises, the organization that owns the rights to the books, films, TV shows, stage productions, exhibitions, digital media, licensed merchandise, and other strategic partnerships, announced on March 2, 2021, that it will stop publishing and licensing six books. The publications include And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street (1937), If I Ran
12416-467: The pro-life movement in the United States. Geisel and later his widow Audrey objected to this use; according to her attorney, "She doesn't like people to hijack Dr. Seuss characters or material to front their own points of view." In the 1980s, Geisel threatened to sue an anti-abortion group for using this phrase on their stationery, according to his biographer, causing them to remove it. The attorney says he never discussed abortion with either of them, and
12610-401: The "most peculiar machine" of Sylvester McMonkey McBean in The Sneetches . Geisel also liked drawing outlandish arrangements of feathers or fur: for example, the 500th hat of Bartholomew Cubbins , the tail of Gertrude McFuzz , and the pet for girls who like to brush and comb, in One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish . Geisel's illustrations often convey motion vividly. He was fond of
12804-425: The 1960s television series of the same name , in May 2011. In addition to starring Burton regulars Depp and Bonham Carter, the film saw Burton reunite with Batman Returns star Michelle Pfeiffer , while Burton once again collaborated with composer Danny Elfman , production designer Rick Heinrichs , and costume designer Colleen Atwood . The film was released on May 11, 2012, and grossed $ 245 million worldwide from
12998-405: The 1972–1974 Watergate scandal , in which U.S. president Richard Nixon resigned, by replacing the name of the main character everywhere that it occurred. "Richard M. Nixon, Will You Please Go Now!" was published in major newspapers through the column of his friend Art Buchwald . The line "a person's a person, no matter how small" from Horton Hears a Who! has been used widely as a slogan by
13192-587: The 1980s. He helmed four episodes in the first season, which began production in September 2021 for a November 2022 release. The show was released to critical acclaim. In October 2022, Burton announced that he would probably never work with The Walt Disney Company again after Dumbo , due to his distinctive style and working approach not matching with what Disney is currently looking for, with its focus on Pixar , Marvel and Lucasfilm . He stated that "It's gotten to be very homogenized, very consolidated. There's less room for different types of things". In July 2012, It
13386-420: The 1990s saw a surge of US-based gothic fashion designers, many of whom continue to evolve the style to the present day. Style magazines such as Gothic Beauty have given repeat features to a select few gothic fashion designers who began their labels in the 1990s, such as Kambriel, Rose Mortem , and Tyler Ondine of Heavy Red. American model Gabbriette who has been known for her goth aesthetic, has been at
13580-441: The 1990s, the interior design approach of the 1980s was replaced by a less macabre style. Since the late 1970s, the UK goth scene refused "traditional standards of sexual propriety" and accepted and celebrated "unusual, bizarre or deviant sexual practices". In the 2000s, many members "claim overlapping memberships in the queer , polyamorous , bondage-discipline/sadomasochism , and pagan communities". Though sexual empowerment
13774-474: The 2005 DVD release). In 1996, Burton and Selick reunited for the musical fantasy James and the Giant Peach , based on the book by Roald Dahl . Burton, once again, served only as a producer due to his contributions to making Mars Attacks! (1996). The film, a combination of live action and stop motion footage, starred Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , David Thewlis , Simon Callow and Jane Leeves among others, with Selick's animation direction. While
13968-406: The 4AD roster like Elizabeth Fraser and Lisa Gerrard . The New York Times noted: "The costumes and ornaments are a glamorous cover for the genre's somber themes. In the world of Goth, nature itself lurks as a malign protagonist, causing flesh to rot, rivers to flood, monuments to crumble and women to turn into slatterns, their hair streaming and lipstick askew". Cintra Wilson declares that
14162-509: The 90s, goths all but disappeared as dance music became the dominant youth cult". As a result, the goth movement went underground and fractured into cyber goth , shock rock , industrial metal , gothic metal , and Medieval folk metal. Marilyn Manson was seen as a "goth-shock icon" by Spin . The Goth subculture of the 1980s drew inspiration from a variety of sources. Some of them were modern or contemporary, others were centuries-old or ancient. Michael Bibby and Lauren M. E. Goodlad liken
14356-623: The Arts in Valencia, Santa Clarita , to study character animation . As a student at CalArts, Burton made the shorts Stalk of the Celery Monster and King and Octopus . Stalk of the Celery Monster attracted the attention of Walt Disney Productions , which offered Burton an animator's apprenticeship at its animation division . He worked as an animator, storyboard artist, graphic designer, art director, and concept artist on films such as The Fox and
14550-493: The Cat in the Hat (1982). Several of the specials won multiple Emmy Awards. A Soviet paint-on-glass-animated short film was made in 1986 called Welcome , an adaptation of Thidwick the Big-Hearted Moose . The last adaptation of Geisel's work before he died was The Butter Battle Book , a television special based on the book of the same name, directed by Ralph Bakshi . A television film titled In Search of Dr. Seuss
14744-531: The Damned . Near the peak of this first generation of the gothic scene in 1983, The Face 's Paul Rambali recalled "several strong Gothic characteristics" in the music of Joy Division. In 1984, Joy Division's bassist Peter Hook named Play Dead as one of their heirs: "If you listen to a band like Play Dead, who I really like, Joy Division played similar music to Play Dead." By the mid-1980s, bands began proliferating and became increasingly popular, including
14938-665: The Doors ". That same year, the Velvet Underground song " All Tomorrow's Parties " created a kind of "mesmerizing gothic-rock masterpiece" according to music historian Kurt Loder . In the late 1970s, the gothic adjective was used to describe the atmosphere of post-punk bands such as Siouxsie and the Banshees , Magazine , and Joy Division . In a live review about a Siouxsie and the Banshees' concert in July 1978, critic Nick Kent wrote, concerning their music, "[P]arallels and comparisons can now be drawn with gothic rock architects like
15132-500: The Doors and, certainly, early Velvet Underground". In March 1979, in his review of Magazine's second album Secondhand Daylight , Kent noted there was "a new austere sense of authority" in the music, with a "dank neo-Gothic sound". Later that year, the term was also used by Joy Division's manager, Tony Wilson on 15 September in an interview for the BBC TV programme's Something Else . Wilson described Joy Division as "gothic" compared to
15326-548: The Flit campaign led to more advertising work, including for other Standard Oil products like Essomarine boat fuel and Essolube Motor Oil and for other companies like the Ford Motor Company , NBC Radio Network , and Holly Sugar. His first foray into books, Boners , a collection of children's sayings that he illustrated, was published by Viking Press in 1931. It topped The New York Times non-fiction bestseller list and led to
15520-473: The Geisels to move to better quarters and to socialize in higher social circles. They became friends with the wealthy family of banker Frank A. Vanderlip . They also traveled extensively: by 1936, Geisel and his wife had visited 30 countries together. They did not have children, neither kept regular office hours, and they had ample money. Geisel also felt that traveling helped his creativity. Geisel's success with
15714-583: The Hat (1957), How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), and Green Eggs and Ham (1960). He received numerous awards throughout his career, but he won neither the Caldecott Medal nor the Newbery Medal . Three of his titles from this period were, however, chosen as Caldecott runners-up (now referred to as Caldecott Honor books): McElligot's Pool (1947), Bartholomew and the Oobleck (1949), and If I Ran
15908-633: The Hat and subsequent books written for young children achieved significant international success and they remain very popular today. For example, in 2009, Green Eggs and Ham sold 540,000 copies, The Cat in the Hat sold 452,000 copies, and One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish (1960) sold 409,000 copies—all outselling the majority of newly published children's books. Geisel went on to write many other children's books, both in his new simplified-vocabulary manner (sold as Beginner Books ) and in his older, more elaborate style. In 1955, Dartmouth awarded Geisel an honorary doctorate of Humane Letters , with
16102-453: The Hound (1981), Tron (1982), and The Black Cauldron (1985). His concept art never made it into the finished films. While at Disney in 1982, Burton made his first short, Vincent , a six-minute black-and-white stop motion film based on a poem written by Burton, which depicts a young boy who fantasizes that he is his hero Vincent Price , with Price himself providing narration. The film
16296-814: The Sisters of Mercy , the Mission , Alien Sex Fiend , the March Violets , Xmal Deutschland , the Membranes , and Fields of the Nephilim . Record labels like Factory , 4AD and Beggars Banquet released much of this music in Europe, and through a vibrant import music market in the US, the subculture grew, especially in New York and Los Angeles, California , where many nightclubs featured "gothic/industrial" nights and bands like Black Tape for
16490-809: The U.S. war effort. First, he worked drawing posters for the Treasury Department and the War Production Board . Then, in 1943, he joined the Army as a captain and was commander of the Animation Department of the First Motion Picture Unit of the United States Army Air Forces , where he wrote films that included Your Job in Germany , a 1945 propaganda film about peace in Europe after World War II; Our Job in Japan and
16684-664: The USSR and Stalin, whom he once depicted as a porter carrying "our war load". Geisel supported the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II in order to prevent possible sabotage. Geisel explained his position: But right now, when the Japs are planting their hatchets in our skulls, it seems like a hell of a time for us to smile and warble: "Brothers!" It is a rather flabby battle cry. If we want to win, we've got to kill Japs, whether it depresses John Haynes Holmes or not. We can get palsy-walsy afterward with those that are left. After
16878-596: The Zoo (1950), Horton Hears a Who! (1955), The Cat in the Hat (1957), How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), Green Eggs and Ham (1960), One Fish, Two Fish, Red Fish, Blue Fish (1960), The Sneetches and Other Stories (1961), The Lorax (1971), The Butter Battle Book (1984), and Oh, the Places You'll Go! (1990). He published over 60 books during his career, which have spawned numerous adaptations , including eleven television specials, five feature films,
17072-408: The Zoo (1950), McElligot's Pool (1947), On Beyond Zebra! (1955), Scrambled Eggs Super! (1953) and The Cat's Quizzer (1976). According to the organization, the books "portray people in ways that are hurtful and wrong" and are no longer being published. Geisel wrote most of his books in anapestic tetrameter , a poetic meter employed by many poets of the English literary canon. This
17266-520: The Zoo (1950). Dr. Seuss also wrote the musical and fantasy film The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T. , which was released in 1953. The movie was a critical and financial failure, and Geisel never attempted another feature film. During the 1950s, he also published a number of illustrated short stories, mostly in Redbook magazine. Some of these were later collected (in volumes such as The Sneetches and Other Stories ) or reworked into independent books ( If I Ran
17460-493: The Zoo ). A number have never been reprinted since their original appearances. In May 1954, Life published a report on illiteracy among school children which concluded that children were not learning to read because their books were boring. William Ellsworth Spaulding was the director of the education division at Houghton Mifflin (he later became its chairman), and he compiled a list of 348 words that he felt were important for first-graders to recognize. He asked Geisel to cut
17654-450: The ancient Roman peoples and the black-clad teenagers" and is set in LA in the 1990s. Goth icons include several bandleaders: Siouxsie Sioux , of Siouxsie and the Banshees; Robert Smith , of the Cure; Peter Murphy , of Bauhaus; Dave Vanian , of The Damned; Rozz Williams , of Christian Death; Olli Wisdom, leader of the band Specimen and keyboardist Jonathan Melton aka Jonny Slut, who evolved
17848-404: The animated The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad , and again in 1999. Throughout the evolution of the goth subculture, classic Romantic, Gothic and horror literature has played a significant role. E. T. A. Hoffmann (1776–1822), Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), Charles Baudelaire (1821–1867), H. P. Lovecraft (1890–1937), and other tragic and Romantic writers have become as emblematic of
18042-502: The animated films Corpse Bride (2005) and Frankenweenie (2012); the science fiction films Mars Attacks! (1996) and Planet of the Apes (2001); the supernatural horror film Sleepy Hollow (1999); the fantasy films Big Fish (2003), Alice in Wonderland (2010), Dark Shadows (2012) and Dumbo (2019); the musicals Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) and Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007); and
18236-420: The biographer says Geisel never expressed a public opinion on the subject. After Seuss's death, Audrey gave financial support to Planned Parenthood . Geisel made a point of not beginning to write his stories with a moral in mind, stating that "kids can see a moral coming a mile off." He was not against writing about issues, however; he said that "there's an inherent moral in any story", and he remarked that he
18430-703: The biographical dramas Ed Wood (1994) and Big Eyes (2014). Starting in 2022, Burton has directed several episodes for the Netflix series Wednesday , for which he received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series . He also directed Beetlejuice Beetlejuice (2024), the sequel to the 1988 film. Burton has frequently collaborated with composer Danny Elfman , who scored all but three of his films. He has released several books including The Melancholy Death of Oyster Boy & Other Stories (1997). Timothy Walter Burton
18624-455: The blockbuster Independence Day , which had been released five months earlier. The film boasted an all-star cast, including Jack Nicholson , Glenn Close , Annette Bening , Danny DeVito , Pierce Brosnan , Michael J. Fox , Sarah Jessica Parker , Natalie Portman , Lukas Haas , Martin Short , Rod Steiger , Christina Applegate , and Jack Black . Sleepy Hollow , released in late 1999, had
18818-475: The book was rejected by between 20 and 43 publishers. According to Geisel, he was walking home to burn the manuscript when a chance encounter with an old Dartmouth classmate led to its publication by Vanguard Press . Geisel wrote four more books before the US entered World War II. This included The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins in 1938, as well as The King's Stilts and The Seven Lady Godivas in 1939, all of which were in prose, atypically for him. This
19012-445: The books of such childhood heroes as Dr. Seuss and Roald Dahl , and of the visual aesthetics of silent gothic horror films, Universal Monsters movies such as Frankenstein which he would continuously tribute throughout his career, Hammer Horror films starring Christopher Lee and the horror films of Vincent Price , both of whom would star in his films, and with the latter being paid tribute in his 1982 short film Vincent . In
19206-481: The box office. He then remade his 1984 short film Frankenweenie as a feature-length stop motion film, distributed by Walt Disney Pictures . Burton has said, "The film is based on a memory that I had when I was growing up and with my relationship with a dog that I had." The film was released on October 5, 2012, and met with positive reviews. Burton directed the 2014 biographical drama film Big Eyes about American artist Margaret Keane ( Amy Adams ), whose work
19400-573: The campaign continued sporadically until 1941. The campaign's catchphrase "Quick, Henry, the Flit!" became a part of popular culture. It spawned a song and was used as a punch line for comedians such as Fred Allen and Jack Benny . As Geisel gained fame for the Flit campaign, his work was in demand and began to appear regularly in magazines such as Life , Liberty and Vanity Fair . The money Geisel earned from his advertising work and magazine submissions made him wealthier than even his most successful Dartmouth classmates. The increased income allowed
19594-464: The cast. In February 2024, Variety reported that Burton and Gone Girl writer Gillian Flynn are developing a remake of Nathan H. Juran 's film Attack of the 50 Foot Woman for Warner Bros. After Kevin Smith had been hired to write a new Superman film , he suggested Burton to direct. Burton came on and Warner Bros. set a theatrical release date for the summer of 1998, the 60th anniversary of
19788-434: The casting of the film. Edward Scissorhands is considered one of Burton's best movies by some critics. Burton has stated that this is his most personal and meaningful film because it is a representation of him not being able to communicate effectively with others as a teenager. After the success of Batman , Burton agreed to direct the sequel for Warner Bros. on the condition that he would be granted total control. The result
19982-506: The character's debut in Action Comics . Nicolas Cage was signed on to play Superman, Burton hired Wesley Strick to rewrite Smith's script, and the film entered pre-production in June 1997. For budgetary reasons, Warner Bros. ordered another rewrite from Dan Gilroy , delayed the film, and ultimately put it on hold in April 1998. Burton then left to direct Sleepy Hollow . Burton has depicted
20176-496: The characters torment themselves, but they also depicted a surreal world that focused on uncovering its splendour. These Chronicles assumed goth attitudes, but they were not intentionally created to represent the gothic subculture. Their romance, beauty, and erotic appeal attracted many goth readers, making her works popular from the 1980s through the 1990s. While Goth has embraced Vampire literature both in its 19th century form and in its later incarnations, Rice's postmodern take on
20370-411: The citation: Creator and fancier of fanciful beasts, your affinity for flying elephants and man-eating mosquitoes makes us rejoice you were not around to be Director of Admissions on Mr. Noah's ark. But our rejoicing in your career is far more positive: as author and artist you singlehandedly have stood as St. George between a generation of exhausted parents and the demon dragon of unexhausted children on
20564-501: The deuce And you shouldn't rejoice If you're calling him Seuss. He pronounces it Soice (or Zoice) Geisel switched to the anglicized pronunciation because it "evoked a figure advantageous for an author of children's books to be associated with— Mother Goose " and because most people used this pronunciation. He added the "Doctor (abbreviated Dr.)" to his pen name because his father had always wanted him to practice medicine. For books that Geisel wrote and others illustrated, he used
20758-625: The development of the goth subculture in the 1980s. In July 1982, the opening of the Batcave in London 's Soho provided a prominent meeting point for the emerging scene, which would be briefly labelled "positive punk" by the NME in a special issue with a front cover in early 1983. The term Batcaver was then used to describe old-school goths. Outside the British scene, deathrock developed in California during
20952-481: The directing responsibility to Resnick once he was offered Ed Wood . Burton's next film, Ed Wood (1994), was of a much smaller scale, depicting the life of the infamous director Ed Wood . Starring Johnny Depp in the title role, the film is an homage to the low-budget science fiction and horror films of Burton's childhood and handles its comical protagonist and his motley band of collaborators with surprising fondness and sensitivity. Owing to creative squabbles during
21146-457: The dressing styles of earlier periods such as the Victorian , Edwardian and Belle Époque eras. The style most often includes dark (usually solid black) attire, dark makeup and black hair. The term gothic rock was coined by music critic John Stickney in 1967 to describe a meeting he had with Jim Morrison in a dimly lit wine-cellar, which he called "the perfect room to honor the Gothic rock of
21340-467: The end, the furor over the casting provoked enormous fan animosity, to the extent that Warner Brothers' share price slumped. Burton had considered it ridiculous to cast a "bulked-up" ultra-masculine man as Batman, insisting that Batman should be an ordinary man who dressed up in an elaborate bat costume to frighten criminals. Although Burton originally considered Brad Dourif , finally cast Jack Nicholson as The Joker ( Tim Curry being his second choice) in
21534-471: The exhibition. "Tim Burton at Seoul Museum of Art" was exhibited as a promotion of Hyundai Card at Seoul Museum of Art from December 12, 2012, to April 15, 2013, in Seoul, South Korea. This exhibition featured 862 of Burton's works including drawings, paintings, short films, sculptures, music, and costumes that have been used in the making of his feature-length movies. The exhibition was divided into three parts:
21728-456: The experience as a difficult one, citing differences with producer Jon Peters and the studio, stating, "I basically wasted a year. A year is a long time to be working with somebody that you don't really want to be working with." In 2002, The Walt Disney Company began to consider producing a sequel to The Nightmare Before Christmas , but rather than using stop motion , Disney wanted to use computer animation . Burton convinced Disney to drop
21922-461: The fact that Brite's first novel was criticized by some mainstream sources for allegedly "lack[ing] a moral center: neither terrifyingly malevolent supernatural creatures nor (like Anne Rice's protagonists) tortured souls torn between good and evil, these vampires simply add blood-drinking to the amoral panoply of drug abuse, problem drinking and empty sex practiced by their human counterparts", many of these so-called "human counterparts" identified with
22116-407: The film grossed $ 80 million on a relatively low budget and won an Academy Award for Best Makeup . It would be converted into a cartoon of the same name , with Burton playing a role as executive producer, that ran on ABC and later Fox channel. Burton's ability to produce hits with low budgets impressed studio executives, and he received his first big-budget film, Batman . The production
22310-453: The film's overt sexuality, personified by the sleek, fetish-inspired styling of Catwoman's costume. Burton made many changes to the Penguin which would subsequently be applied to the character in both comics and television. In the comics, the penguin was an ordinary man; Burton transformed him into a freak of nature resembling a penguin with webbed, flipper-like fingers, a hooked, beak-like nose and
22504-509: The film. Burton collaborated with Selick again for James and the Giant Peach (1996), which Burton co-produced. In 1994, Burton and frequent co-producer Denise Di Novi produced the 1994 fantasy-comedy Cabin Boy , starring comedian Chris Elliott and directed/written by Adam Resnick . Burton was originally supposed to direct the film after seeing Elliott perform on Get a Life , but he handed
22698-492: The films he made during their relationship from 1992 to 2001, most notably in Sleepy Hollow , Ed Wood , and Mars Attacks! . Burton developed a romantic relationship with English actress Helena Bonham Carter , whom he met while filming Planet of the Apes . Lisa Marie responded in 2005 by holding an auction of personal belongings that Burton had left behind, much to his dismay. Burton and Bonham Carter have two children:
22892-512: The first part, "Surviving Burbank", covered his younger years, from 1958 to 1976. The second, "Beautifying Burbank", covers 1977 to 1984, including his time with CalArts and Walt Disney. The last segment, "Beyond Burbank", covers 1985 onward. "Tim Burton and His World" was exhibited at the Stone Bell House from March 3 to August 8, 2014, in Prague, Czech Republic. The exhibition later premiered at
23086-543: The forefront of what has been dubbed the "Succubus Chic" trend of 2023. Gothic fashion is marked by conspicuously dark, antiquated, and homogeneous features. It is stereotyped as eerie, mysterious, complex, and exotic. A dark, sometimes morbid fashion and style of dress , typical gothic fashion includes colored black hair and black period-styled clothing. Both male and female goths can wear dark eyeliner and dark fingernail polish, most especially black. Styles are often borrowed from punk fashion and—more currently—from
23280-427: The idea. "I was always very protective of ['Nightmare'], not to do sequels or things of that kind," Burton explained. "You know, 'Jack visits Thanksgiving world' or other kinds of things, just because I felt the movie had a purity to it and the people that like it... Because it's a mass-market kind of thing, it was important to kind of keep that purity of it." Regardless, in 2009, Henry Selick stated that he could make
23474-674: The insignia of Chevalier of Arts and Letters from then- Minister of Culture Frédéric Mitterrand . The same year, Burton was the president of the jury for the 63rd Cannes Film Festival , held from May 12 to 24 in Cannes , France. Burton's relationship with Italian actress and model Monica Bellucci was reported in February 2023. They met in October 2022 at the Lyon 's Lumière Film Festival . Bellucci first spoke publicly about their relationship in June 2023. From November 22, 2009, to April 26, 2010, Burton had
23668-563: The late 1970s and early 1980s as a distinct branch of American punk rock , with acts such as Christian Death , Kommunity FK and 45 Grave at the forefront. The bands that defined and embraced the gothic rock genre included Bauhaus, early Adam and the Ants , the Cure , the Birthday Party , Southern Death Cult , Specimen , Sex Gang Children , UK Decay , Virgin Prunes , Killing Joke , and
23862-474: The links between blackness and the gothic; themes and images of "premonitions, curses, prophecies, spells, veils, demonic possessions, graves, skeletons" are present, suggesting gothic influence. Other classic themes of the gothic are present in the novel, such as transgression and unstable identities of race, class, gender, and nationality. The re-imagining of the vampire continued with the release of Poppy Z. Brite 's book Lost Souls in October 1992. Despite
24056-436: The list to 250 words and to write a book using only those words. Spaulding challenged Geisel to "bring back a book children can't put down". Nine months later, Geisel completed The Cat in the Hat , using 236 of the words given to him. It retained the drawing style, verse rhythms, and all the imaginative power of Geisel's earlier works but, because of its simplified vocabulary, it could be read by beginning readers. The Cat in
24250-483: The making of The Nightmare Before Christmas , Danny Elfman declined to score Ed Wood , and the assignment went to Howard Shore . While a commercial failure at the time of its release, Ed Wood became a cult classic and was well received by critics. Martin Landau received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of Bela Lugosi , and the film received the Academy Award for Best Makeup . Warner Bros.
24444-550: The male "goth look", goth historian Pete Scathe draws a distinction between the Sid Vicious archetype of black spiky hair and black leather jacket in contrast to the gender ambiguous individuals wearing makeup. The first is the early goth gig-going look, which was essentially punk, whereas the second evolved into the Batcave nightclub look. Early goth gigs were often very hectic affairs, and the audience dressed accordingly. In contrast to
24638-484: The modern state of the goth scene around the world, including South America , Japan , and mainland Asia . His previous 1997 release, Hex Files: The Goth Bible , similarly took an international look at the subculture. In the US, Propaganda was a gothic subculture magazine founded in 1982. In Italy, Ver Sacrum covers the Italian goth scene, including fashion, sexuality, music, art and literature. Some magazines, such as
24832-468: The moment when the Grinch conceives his awful plan to ruin Christmas. For most of his career, Geisel was reluctant to have his characters marketed in contexts outside of his own books. However, he did permit the creation of several animated cartoons, an art form in which he had gained experience during World War II, and he gradually relaxed his policy as he aged. The first adaptation of one of Geisel's works
25026-414: The more "normal" kids in school. The sketch featured series regulars Will Ferrell , Molly Shannon , and Chris Kattan . A prominent American literary influence on the gothic scene was provided by Anne Rice 's re-imagining of the vampire in 1976. In The Vampire Chronicles , Rice's characters were depicted as self-tormentors who struggled with alienation, loneliness, and the human condition. Not only did
25220-832: The movement counted among its historic canon of ancestors were equally diverse. They included the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood , Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), Comte de Lautréamont (1846–1870), Salvador Dalí (1904–1989) and Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980). Writers that have had a significant influence on the movement also represent a diverse canon. They include Ann Radcliffe (1764–1823), John William Polidori (1795–1821), Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), Sheridan Le Fanu (1814–1873), Bram Stoker (1847–1912), Oscar Wilde (1854–1900), H. P. Lovecraft (1890–1937), Anne Rice (1941–2021), William Gibson (1948–present), Ian McEwan (1948–present), Storm Constantine (1956–2021), and Poppy Z. Brite (1967–present). Gothic literature
25414-469: The music for the film. Since then, Elfman has scored every film that Tim Burton has directed, except for Ed Wood , Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street , and Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children . Additionally, Burton directed episodes of the 1985 revival of the '50s/'60s anthology horror series Alfred Hitchcock Presents and Shelley Duvall 's Faerie Tale Theatre . Burton directed his next big project: Beetlejuice (1988),
25608-580: The now-defunct Dark Realms and Goth Is Dead included goth fiction and poetry. Other magazines cover fashion (e.g., Gothic Beauty ); music (e.g., Severance ) or culture and lifestyle (e.g., Althaus e-zine). On 31 October 2011, ECW Press published the Encyclopedia Gothica written by author and poet Liisa Ladouceur with illustrations done by Gary Pullin. This non-fiction book describes over 600 words and phrases relevant to Goth subculture. Brian Craddock's 2017 novel Eucalyptus Goth charts
25802-491: The only two actors who returned after Batman Returns were Pat Hingle as Commissioner Gordon and Michael Gough as Alfred Pennyworth. The film, a combination of the darkness that characterized the saga and colors and neon signs proposed by Schumacher, was a huge box office success, earning $ 336 million. Warner Bros. demanded that Schumacher delete some scenes so the film did not have the same tone as its predecessor, Batman Returns (later they were added as deleted scenes on
25996-540: The origins of the dark romantic style are found in the " Victorian cult of mourning". Valerie Steele is an expert in the history of the style. Goth fashion has a reciprocal relationship with the fashion world. In the later part of the first decade of the 21st century, designers such as Alexander McQueen , Anna Sui , Rick Owens , Gareth Pugh , Ann Demeulemeester , Philipp Plein , Hedi Slimane , John Richmond , John Galliano , Olivier Theyskens and Yohji Yamamoto brought elements of goth to runways. This
26190-646: The pen name Dr. Seuss ( / s uː s , z uː s / sooss, zooss ). His work includes many of the most popular children's books of all time, selling over 600 million copies and being translated into more than 20 languages by the time of his death. Geisel adopted the name "Dr. Seuss" as an undergraduate at Dartmouth College and as a graduate student at Lincoln College, Oxford . He left Oxford in 1927 to begin his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Vanity Fair , Life , and various other publications. He also worked as an illustrator for advertising campaigns , including for FLIT and Standard Oil , and as
26384-458: The pen name "Seuss". He was encouraged in his writing by professor of rhetoric W. Benfield Pressey, whom he described as his "big inspiration for writing" at Dartmouth. Upon graduating from Dartmouth, he entered Lincoln College, Oxford, intending to earn a Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in English literature. At Oxford, he met his future wife Helen Palmer , who encouraged him to give up becoming an English teacher in favor of pursuing drawing as
26578-421: The pen name "Theo LeSieg", starting with I Wish That I Had Duck Feet published in 1965. "LeSieg" is "Geisel" spelled backward. Geisel also published one book under the name Rosetta Stone, 1975's Because a Little Bug Went Ka-Choo!! , a collaboration with Michael K. Frith . Frith and Geisel chose the name in honor of Geisel's second wife Audrey, whose maiden name was Stone. Geisel was a liberal Democrat and
26772-459: The performances of both Keaton and Nicholson, as well as the film's production aspects, which won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction . The success of the film helped establish Burton as a profitable director, and it proved to be a huge influence on future superhero films, which eschewed the bright, all-American heroism of Richard Donner 's Superman for a grimmer, more realistic look and characters with more psychological depth. It also became
26966-475: The plot focused on characters ill-fated, internally conflicted, and innocently victimized by harassing malicious figures. In addition to the dismal plot focuses, the literary tradition of the gothic was to also focus on individual characters that were gradually going insane. English author Horace Walpole , with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto is one of the first writers who explored this genre. The American Revolutionary War -era "American Gothic" story of
27160-456: The pop mainstream, right before a live performance of the band. The term was later applied to "newer bands such as Bauhaus who had arrived in the wake of Joy Division and Siouxsie and the Banshees". Bauhaus's first single issued in 1979, " Bela Lugosi's Dead ", is generally credited as the starting point of the gothic rock genre. In 1979, Sounds described Joy Division as "Gothic" and "theatrical". In February 1980, Melody Maker qualified
27354-468: The rest of his eight fellow rag dolls. The film won numerous awards and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film . After seeing the short film, Tim Burton and Timur Bekmambetov , director of Wanted , showed interest in producing a feature-length adaptation of the film . Directed by Acker, the full-length film was produced by Burton, written by Acker (story) and Pamela Pettler (screenplay, co-writer of Corpse Bride ), and featured
27548-415: The same band as "masters of this Gothic gloom". Critic Jon Savage would later say that their singer Ian Curtis wrote "the definitive Northern Gothic statement". However, it was not until the early 1980s that gothic rock became a coherent music subgenre within post-punk, and followers of these bands started to come together as a distinctly recognizable movement. They may have taken the "goth" mantle from
27742-470: The same time, which was Burton's first full-length stop motion film as a director, featuring the voices of Johnny Depp as Victor and Helena Bonham Carter as Emily. Burton directed his first music video, " Bones ", in 2006. "Bones" is the sixth overall single by American indie rock band The Killers and the second released from their second studio album, Sam's Town . Starring in this video were actors Michael Steger and Devon Aoki . Burton went on to direct
27936-521: The sequel had been shelved. In February 2022, however, the sequel was announced again, this time produced by Brad Pitt 's studio Plan B Entertainment , alongside Warner Bros. Though Burton initially said that he was not involved, he later backtracked, and the sequel officially started shooting in London on May 10, 2023, with a release date of September 6, 2024, with Burton as director, Keaton and Ryder reprising their roles, and Ortega and Justin Theroux joining
28130-410: The spectrum varies from erotic artwork to romantic images of vampires or ghosts. There is a marked preference for dark colours and sentiments, similar to Gothic fiction. At the end of the 19th century, painters like John Everett Millais and John Ruskin invented a new kind of Gothic. Some people credit Jalacy "Screamin' Jay" Hawkins , perhaps best known for his 1956 song " I Put A Spell on You ", as
28324-464: The stigma and dangers that women who engage in such behavior" outside the scene frequently incur, while continuing to "see themselves as strong". Dr. Seuss Theodor Seuss Geisel ( / s uː s ˈ ɡ aɪ z əl , z ɔɪ s -/ sooss GHY -zəl, zoyss - ; March 2, 1904 – September 24, 1991) was an American children's author and cartoonist . He is known for his work writing and illustrating more than 60 books under
28518-446: The stop motion animation, musical score, and original storyline. It was a modest box office success, grossing $ 50 million. Because of the nature of the film, it was not produced under Disney's name, but rather Disney-owned Touchstone Pictures. Disney wanted the protagonist to have eyes, but the final iteration did not. Over 100 people worked on this motion picture just to create the characters, and it took three years of work to produce
28712-416: The subculture as the use of dark eyeliner or dressing in black. Baudelaire, in fact, in his preface to Les Fleurs du mal ( Flowers of Evil ) penned lines that could serve as a sort of goth malediction: C'est l'Ennui! —l'œil chargé d'un pleur involontaire, Il rêve d'échafauds en fumant son houka. Tu le connais, lecteur, ce monstre délicat, —Hypocrite lecteur,—mon semblable,—mon frère! It
28906-475: The subculture to a bricolage . Among the music-subcultures that influenced it were punk , new wave , and glam . But it also drew inspiration from B-movies , Gothic literature , horror films , vampire cults and traditional mythology . Among the mythologies that proved influential in Goth were Celtic mythology , Christian mythology , Egyptian mythology , and various traditions of Paganism . The figures that
29100-418: The subculture took the connection more seriously. As a result, morbid, supernatural and occult themes became more noticeably serious in the subculture. The interconnection between horror and goth was highlighted in its early days by The Hunger , a 1983 vampire film starring David Bowie , Catherine Deneuve and Susan Sarandon . The film featured gothic rock group Bauhaus performing Bela Lugosi's Dead in
29294-478: The teen angst and goth music references therein, keeping the book in print. Upon release of a special 10th anniversary edition of Lost Souls , Publishers Weekly —the same periodical that criticized the novel's "amorality" a decade prior—deemed it a "modern horror classic" and acknowledged that Brite established a "cult audience". The 2002 release 21st Century Goth by Mick Mercer , an author, noted music journalist and leading historian of gothic rock, explored
29488-609: The third film , whilst Burton would only produce it in conjunction with Peter MacGregor-Scott , in which Burton was given top-billing producer credit, without being able to contribute ideas; only approving director and screenplayers. Following this change and the changes made by the new director, Michael Keaton resigned from the lead role and was replaced by Val Kilmer . Filming for Batman Forever began in late 1994 with new actors: Tommy Lee Jones as Harvey Dent/Two-Face, Nicole Kidman as Dr. Chase Meridian, Chris O'Donnell as Dick Grayson/Robin and Jim Carrey as Edward Nygma/The Riddler;
29682-800: The time has come when the good doctor would want you to walk by his side as a full equal and because your College delights to acknowledge the distinction of a loyal son, Dartmouth confers on you her Doctorate of Humane Letters. Geisel joked that he would now have to sign "Dr. Dr. Seuss". His wife was ill at the time, so he delayed accepting it until June 1956. Geisel's wife Helen had a long struggle with illnesses. On October 23, 1967, Helen died by suicide. On August 5, 1968, Geisel married Audrey Dimond with whom he had reportedly been having an affair. Although he devoted most of his life to writing children's books, Geisel had no children of his own, saying of children: "You have 'em; I'll entertain 'em." Audrey added that Geisel "lived his whole life without children and he
29876-604: The time, it was awarded every five years. He won a special Pulitzer Prize in 1984 citing his "contribution over nearly half a century to the education and enjoyment of America's children and their parents". Geisel died of cancer on September 24, 1991, at his home in the La Jolla community of San Diego at the age of 87. His ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean. On December 1, 1995, four years after his death, University of California, San Diego 's University Library Building
30070-433: The upcoming film adaptation of Monsterpocalypse . In 2011, it was reported that Burton was working on a live-action adaptation of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame starring Josh Brolin , who would also be co-producing. The project did not move forward. Burton was married to Lena Gieseke, a German-born artist. Their marriage ended in 1991 after four years. He went on to live with model and actress Lisa Marie ; she acted in
30264-475: The vampire mythos has had a "special resonance" in the subculture. Her vampire novels feature intense emotions, period clothing, and "cultured decadence". Her vampires are socially alienated monsters, but they are also stunningly attractive. Rice's goth readers tend to envision themselves in much the same terms and view characters like Lestat de Lioncourt as role models . Richard Wright 's novel Native Son contains gothic imagery and themes that demonstrate
30458-508: The voice work of Elijah Wood , John C. Reilly , Jennifer Connelly , Christopher Plummer , Martin Landau , and Crispin Glover , among others. Burton appeared at the 2009 Comic-Con in San Diego, California, to promote both 9 and Alice in Wonderland ; the latter won two Academy Awards, for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design . In Burton's version of Alice in Wonderland , the story
30652-532: The war, Geisel and his wife moved to the La Jolla community of San Diego , California, where he returned to writing children's books. He published most of his books through Random House in North America and William Collins, Sons (later HarperCollins ) internationally. He wrote many, including such favorites as If I Ran the Zoo (1950), Horton Hears a Who! (1955), If I Ran the Circus (1956), The Cat in
30846-450: The war, Geisel overcame his feelings of animosity and re-examined his view, using his book Horton Hears a Who! (1954) as an allegory for the American post-war occupation of Japan , as well as dedicating the book to a Japanese friend. Geisel converted a copy of one of his famous children's books, Marvin K. Mooney Will You Please Go Now! , into a polemic shortly before the end of
31040-424: The war. One cartoon depicted Japanese Americans being handed TNT in anticipation of a "signal from home", while other cartoons deplored the racism at home against Jews and blacks that harmed the war effort. His cartoons were strongly supportive of President Roosevelt 's handling of the war, combining the usual exhortations to ration and contribute to the war effort with frequent attacks on Congress (especially
31234-601: The world. Its imagery and cultural proclivities indicate influences from 19th-century Gothic fiction and from horror films . The scene is centered on music festivals, nightclubs, and organized meetings, especially in Western Europe . The subculture has associated tastes in music, aesthetics and fashion. The music preferred by goths includes a number of styles such as gothic rock, death rock , cold wave , dark wave and ethereal wave . The Gothic fashion style draws influences from punk , new wave, New Romantic fashion and
31428-462: Was Batman Returns , which featured Michael Keaton returning as Batman, and a new triad of villains: Danny DeVito (as the Penguin ), Michelle Pfeiffer (as Catwoman ) and Christopher Walken (as Max Shreck , an evil corporate tycoon and original character created for the film). Somewhat darker and considerably more personal than its predecessor, concerns were raised that the film might be too scary for children. Audiences were more uncomfortable at
31622-474: Was "subversive as hell." Geisel's books express his views on a wide variety of social and political issues: The Lorax (1971), about environmentalism and anti-consumerism ; The Sneetches (1961), about racial equality ; The Butter Battle Book (1984), about the arms race ; Yertle the Turtle (1958), about Adolf Hitler and anti-authoritarianism ; How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), criticizing
31816-504: Was again shown at the Seoul Museum of Art in 2012. Burton's next live-action short film, Frankenweenie , was released in 1984. It tells the story of a young boy who tries to revive his dog after it is run over by a car. Filmed in black-and-white, it stars Barret Oliver , Shelley Duvall (with whom he would work again in 1986, directing an episode of her television series Faerie Tale Theatre ), and Daniel Stern . After Frankenweenie
32010-585: Was also a turning point for Burton. Along with the change in his personal life (separation from actress Lisa Marie ), Burton changed radically in style for his next project, leaving the haunted forests and colorful outcasts behind to go on to directing Planet of the Apes which, as Burton had repeatedly noted, was "not a remake" of the earlier film. Planet of the Apes was a commercial success, grossing $ 68 million in its opening weekend and eventually it earned $ 180 million in North America and $ 362 million worldwide. The film however has received mixed reviews and
32204-546: Was also fond of drawing hands with interlocked fingers, making it look as though his characters were twiddling their thumbs. Geisel also follows the cartoon tradition of showing motion with lines , like in the sweeping lines that accompany Sneelock's final dive in If I Ran the Circus . Cartoon lines are also used to illustrate the action of the senses—sight, smell, and hearing—in The Big Brag, and lines even illustrate "thought", as in
32398-469: Was also the second collaboration between Burton and Helena Bonham Carter , who played the characters of Jenny and the Witch, and Burton and Danny DeVito , who played Amos Calloway the circus ringleader. Released in 2005, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is an adaptation of the book of the same name by Roald Dahl. Starring Johnny Depp as Willy Wonka , Freddie Highmore as Charlie Bucket, and Deep Roy as
32592-496: Was an animated short film based on Horton Hatches the Egg , animated at Leon Schlesinger Productions in 1942 and directed by Bob Clampett . As part of George Pal 's Puppetoons theatrical cartoon series for Paramount Pictures , two of Geisel's works were adapted into stop-motion films by George Pal. The first, The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins , was released in 1943. The second, And to Think I Saw It on Mulberry Street , with
32786-458: Was announced that Burton was working with Seth Grahame-Smith on Beetlejuice Beetlejuice , a project he had been considering making since 1990. Actor Michael Keaton also expressed interest in reprising his role as the title character along with Winona Ryder as Lydia Deetz. In October 2017, Deadline Hollywood reported that Mike Vukadinovich was hired to write a script in time for the film's 30th anniversary. In April 2019, Warner Bros. stated
32980-766: Was born on August 25, 1958, in Burbank, California , the son of Jean Burton ( née Erickson), who in the 1980s was the owner of a cat-themed gift shop, and William "Bill" Burton , a former minor league baseball player, who worked for many years for the Burbank Parks and Recreation Department. The baseball field at Olive Recreation Center in Burbank, California is named for Bill Burton. As a preteen, Burton made short films in his backyard at 2101 North Evergreen Street, using crude stop motion animation techniques or shooting on 8 mm film without sound (one of his oldest known juvenile films
33174-404: Was briefly attached to direct Maleficent for Walt Disney Pictures in 2011, but chose to pursue Dark Shadows and Frankenweenie instead. It was reported that Burton would direct a 3D stop motion animation adaptation of The Addams Family , which was confirmed by Christopher Meledandri, but the project was scrapped on July 17, 2013. On July 19, 2010, Burton was announced as the director of
33368-456: Was cast as Katrina van Tassel. A well-regarded supporting cast was headed by Miranda Richardson , Michael Gambon , Richard Griffiths and Ian McDiarmid . Mostly well received by critics, and with a special mention to Elfman's gothic score, the film has grossed $ 207 million worldwide and won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction , as well as two BAFTAs for Best Costume Design and Best Production Design . A box office success, Sleepy Hollow
33562-514: Was caught drinking gin with nine friends in his room. At the time, the possession and consumption of alcohol was illegal under Prohibition laws, which remained in place between 1920 and 1933. As a result of this infraction, Dean Craven Laycock insisted that Geisel resign from all extracurricular activities, including the Jack-O-Lantern . To continue working on the magazine without the administration's knowledge, Geisel began signing his work with
33756-410: Was completed, Disney fired Burton, under the pretext of him spending the company's resources on a film that would be too dark and scary for children to see. Actor Paul Reubens saw Frankenweenie and chose Burton to direct the cinematic spin-off of his popular character Pee-wee Herman , stating on the audio commentary of 2000 DVD release of Pee-wee's Big Adventure that as soon as the short began, he
33950-539: Was described as "Haute Goth" by Cintra Wilson in the New York Times . Thierry Mugler , Claude Montana , Jean Paul Gaultier and Christian Lacroix have also been associated with the fashion trend. In Spring 2004, Riccardo Tisci , Jean Paul Gaultier, Raf Simons and Stefano Pilati dressed their models as "glamorous ghouls dressed in form-fitting suits and coal-tinted cocktail dresses". Swedish designer Helena Horstedt and jewelry artist Hanna Hedman also practice
34144-563: Was followed by Horton Hatches the Egg in 1940, in which Geisel returned to the use of verse. As World War II began, Geisel turned to political cartoons, drawing over 400 in two years as editorial cartoonist for the left-leaning New York City daily newspaper, PM . Geisel's political cartoons, later published in Dr. Seuss Goes to War , denounced Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini and were highly critical of non-interventionists ("isolationists"), such as Charles Lindbergh , who opposed US entry into
34338-665: Was fraudulently claimed in the 1950s and 1960s by her then-husband, Walter Keane ( Christoph Waltz ), and their heated divorce trial after Margaret accused Walter of stealing credit for her paintings. The script was written by the screenwriters behind Burton's Ed Wood , Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski . Filming began in Vancouver , British Columbia, in mid-2013. The film was distributed by The Weinstein Company and released in U.S. theaters on December 25, 2014. It received generally positive reviews from critics. Burton entered talks to direct
34532-691: Was hailed in The Times as a "new magestrial survey", and Cathi Unsworth 's Season of the Witch: The Book of Goth was praised in Mojo as a "superb history of the dark and all its risings". Visual contemporary graphic artists with this aesthetic include Gerald Brom , Dave McKean , and Trevor Brown as well as illustrators Edward Gorey , Charles Addams , Lorin Morgan-Richards , and James O'Barr . The artwork of Polish surrealist painter Zdzisław Beksiński
34726-585: Was honored with the Venice International Film Festival 's Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement in 2007 and was given the Order of the Arts and Letters by Culture Minister of France in 2010. Burton made his directorial film debut with the comedy Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985) and gained prominence for Beetlejuice (1988) and Edward Scissorhands (1990). Burton also directed the superhero films Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992);
34920-506: Was left with scissors in the place of hands due to the untimely death of his creator. Set in suburbia (and shot in Land o' Lakes, Florida ), the film is largely seen as Burton's autobiography of his childhood in Burbank. Burton's idea for the character of Edward Scissorhands came from a drawing he created in high school. Depp wrote a similar comment in the foreword to Mark Salisbury's book, Burton on Burton , regarding his first meeting with Burton over
35114-507: Was named after Geisel. Geisel's most famous pen name is regularly pronounced / s uː s / , an anglicized pronunciation of his German name (the standard German pronunciation is German pronunciation: [ˈzɔʏ̯s] ). He himself noted that it rhymed with "voice" (his own pronunciation being / s ɔɪ s / ). Alexander Laing, one of his collaborators on the Dartmouth Jack-O-Lantern , wrote of it: You're wrong as
35308-446: Was not interested in Tim Burton's return as director for a third Batman installment after considering Batman Returns too dark and unsafe for children. Burton noted he was unsure about returning to direct, writing: "I don't think Warner Bros. wanted me to direct a third Batman . I even said that to them." Burton and Warner Bros. mutually agreed to part ways. To attract the young audience, it was decided that Joel Schumacher , would direct
35502-720: Was originally to be released in 2009, but was pushed to March 5, 2010. The film starred Johnny Depp as the Mad Hatter ; Matt Lucas as both Tweedledee and Tweedledum ; Helena Bonham Carter as the Red Queen ; Stephen Fry as the Cheshire Cat ; Anne Hathaway as the White Queen ; Alan Rickman as Absolem the Caterpillar; Michael Sheen as McTwisp the White Rabbit ; and Crispin Glover as
35696-630: Was particularly influential on the dress style of the gothic rock scene; Paul Morley of NME described Siouxsie and the Banshees ' 1980 gig at Futurama: "[Siouxsie was] modeling her newest outfit, the one that will influence how all the girls dress over the next few months. About half the girls at Leeds had used Sioux as a basis for their appearance, hair to ankle". Robert Smith , Musidora , Bela Lugosi , Bettie Page , Vampira , Morticia Addams , Nico , Rozz Williams , David Bowie and Lux Interior are also style icons. The 1980s established designers such as Drew Bernstein of Lip Service , and
35890-406: Was plagued with problems. Burton repeatedly clashed with the film's producers, Jon Peters and Peter Guber , but the most notable debacle involved casting. For the title role, Burton chose to cast Michael Keaton as Batman following their previous collaboration in Beetlejuice , despite Keaton's average physique, inexperience with action films, and reputation as a comic actor. Although Burton won in
36084-407: Was produced by Rick Heinrichs , whom Burton had befriended while working in the concept art department at Disney. The film was shown at the Chicago Film Festival and released, alongside the teen drama Tex , for two weeks in one Los Angeles cinema. This was followed by Burton's first live-action production, Hansel and Gretel , a Japanese-themed adaptation of the Brothers Grimm fairy tale for
36278-441: Was published in Judge about six months after he started working there. In early 1928, one of Geisel's cartoons for Judge mentioned Flit , a common bug spray at the time manufactured by Standard Oil of New Jersey . According to Geisel, the wife of an advertising executive in charge of advertising Flit saw Geisel's cartoon at a hairdresser's and urged her husband to sign him. Geisel's first Flit ad appeared on May 31, 1928, and
36472-515: Was released in 1994, which adapted many of Seuss's stories. After Geisel died of cancer at the age of 87 in 1991, his widow Audrey Geisel took charge of licensing matters until her death in 2018. Since then, licensing is controlled by the nonprofit Dr. Seuss Enterprises. Audrey approved a live-action feature-film version of How the Grinch Stole Christmas starring Jim Carrey , as well as a Seuss-themed Broadway musical called Seussical , and both premiered in 2000. In 2003, another live-action film
36666-440: Was released in March 2010. "The Art of Tim Burton" was exhibited at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art from May 29 to October 31, 2011, in the Museum's Resnick Pavilion. LACMA also featured six films of Tim Burton's idol, Vincent Price . "Tim Burton, the exhibition/Tim Burton, l'exposition" was exhibited at the Cinémathèque Française from March 7 to August 5, 2012, in Paris, France. All of Tim Burton's movies were shown during
36860-406: Was released, this time an adaptation of The Cat in the Hat that featured Mike Myers as the title character. Audrey Geisel spoke critically of the film, especially the casting of Myers as the Cat in the Hat, and stated that she would not allow any further live-action adaptations of Geisel's books. However, a first animated CGI feature film adaptation of Horton Hears a Who! was approved, and
37054-445: Was renamed Geisel Library in honor of Geisel and Audrey for the generous contributions that they made to the library and their devotion to improving literacy. In 2002, the Dr. Seuss National Memorial Sculpture Garden opened in Springfield, Massachusetts , featuring sculptures of Geisel and of many of his characters. In 2017, the Amazing World of Dr. Seuss Museum opened next to the Dr. Seuss National Memorial Sculpture Garden in
37248-438: Was sold on Burton's style. Pee-wee Herman gained mainstream popularity with a successful stage show at The Groundlings and the Roxy which was later turned into an HBO special . The film, Pee-wee's Big Adventure , was made on a budget of $ 8 million and grossed more than $ 40 million at the North American box office. Burton, a fan of the eccentric musical group Oingo Boingo , asked songwriter Danny Elfman to provide
37442-453: Was unique—his figures are often "rounded" and somewhat droopy. This is true, for instance, of the faces of the Grinch and the Cat in the Hat . Almost all his buildings and machinery were devoid of straight lines when they were drawn, even when he was representing real objects. For example, If I Ran the Circus shows a droopy hoisting crane and a droopy steam calliope . Geisel evidently enjoyed drawing architecturally elaborate objects, and
37636-416: Was very happy without children." Audrey oversaw Geisel's estate until her death on December 19, 2018, at the age of 97. Geisel was awarded an honorary doctorate of Humane Letters (L.H.D.) from Whittier College in 1980. He also received the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal from the professional children's librarians in 1980, recognizing his "substantial and lasting contributions to children's literature". At
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