York—Scarborough was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1953 to 1988. It was located in the province of Ontario . In the twelve general elections held during York—Scarborough's existence, the party that won here also won the election.
54-502: Initially, it included the southern part of York County, Ontario , being now the northern part of Scarborough and parts of North York and Markham . The riding was created in 1952 from parts of York East and York North ridings. In 1966, it was redefined to lie entirely within the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto and consisted of the eastern part of the Borough of North York and
108-463: A Loyalist from Vermont , who in 1801 had travelled along Yonge Street and found the area appealing, and so applied for and received a grant for land totalling 40 farms, each of 200 acres (0.8 km ). Other defunct communities once located within the modern boundaries of Newmarket include Garbut's Hill, Paddytown, Petchville, Pleasantville, and White Rose. Newmarket's geographical coordinates are 44.05°N, 79.46°W, and its elevation above sea level
162-463: A mill pond today known as Fairy Lake. The settlement of "Upper Yonge Street" developed around the mill and the Holland River. Hill also built a tannery north of the mill, the first general store and house, and additional mills. In 1802, Elisha Beman , who owned land in the area, established a mill, and then a distillery. Mordecai Millar also built mills, and Joseph Hill opened a tannery. During
216-529: A weir . Newmarket also lies south of and above the Algonquin Shoreline , where elevations suddenly drop off from the gently rolling hills that characterize much of Newmarket to the much flatter, lower land down below in the Holland Marsh . The land is characterized mainly by glacial deposits from the last ice age , known as "Newmarket Till". The town is underlain mainly by sand and gravel, ground by
270-504: A major shipbuilding centre. Today, this line is the "Newmarket Subdivision" of the Canadian National Railway system, running north out of Newmarket towards Bradford , and south towards Toronto. Newmarket was incorporated as a village in 1857 with a population of 700, with Donald Sutherland as the first reeve. In 1858, Robert Simpson co-opened "Simpson & Trent Groceries, Boots, Shoes and Dry Goods" in downtown Newmarket,
324-578: A meeting in Richmond Hill on 6 May 1970, officials representing the municipalities of York County approved plans for the creation of a regional government entity to replace York County. In 1971, the remaining portion of York County was dissolved by restructuring it into the new Regional Municipality of York . The following table is a list of historic municipalities that were at one point situated within York County. The seat of government for York County
378-710: A post office, five stores, three taverns, and tradesmen of various types. Industry included two grist-mills, two breweries, a distillery, one tannery, a foundry, a carding machine, and a cloth factory. In June 1853, the first train pulled into Newmarket on the Toronto, Simcoe & Lake Huron Union Railroad , the first railway in Upper Canada . It was later called the Northern Railway of Canada , and carried passengers, agricultural products and manufactured goods. The line eventually linked Toronto to Collingwood on Georgian Bay ,
432-612: A specific geographical area of York County. 43°51′25″N 79°25′23″W / 43.857°N 79.423°W / 43.857; -79.423 Newmarket, Ontario Newmarket ( 2021 population : 87,942 ) is a town and regional seat of the Regional Municipality of York in the Canadian province of Ontario . It is part of Greater Toronto in the Golden Horseshoe region of Southern Ontario . The name stems from
486-466: A suitable location for a new Quaker settlement. He, Samuel Lundy and their group of Religious Society of Friends received the grant of 8,000 acres (3,200 ha) around the Holland River. In 1801, Rogers returned along with several Quaker families who had left their homes in Vermont and Pennsylvania , and settled here between 1801 and 1803. Joseph Hill constructed a mill on the river, damming it to produce
540-537: Is 252 m. It has an area of 38.33 km . The town is bounded on the south by Aurora , on the west by King , on the north by East Gwillimbury and on the east by Whitchurch–Stouffville . The main river in Newmarket is the East Holland River (known locally simply as "The Holland River "), and all other streams in the town are tributaries thereto. These include Bogart Creek, a brook that weaves its way into
594-663: Is managed by the Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority ), a favourite recreational area in the centre of town, is a former mill pond on the East Holland River; and Bogart Pond, also a former mill pond, is fed and drained by Bogart Creek in Bogarttown. Furthermore, the water level in the reach of the East Holland north of Davis Drive is controlled from an unfinished Newmarket Canal lock, now used as
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#1732855999776648-607: The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada . )After the Battle of York , the county officials and legislative assembly met at the home of Major Alexander Montgomery Jr., located on north side of Richmond Street between Yonge and Victoria Streets (now Confederation Life Building ). From 1824 to 1845, the county's offices were located at the Second York County Courthouse on Church Street and King Street. From 1852 to 1900,
702-558: The Rouge River and into Lake Ontario. A more widely used route ran up the western branch of the Holland River, over the moraine, and down the Humber River . In 1793, John Graves Simcoe travelled the trail northward along the main route to the west, and south to York (now Toronto ) along the lesser used eastern route through Newmarket. Selecting the eastern route as the better of the two, Simcoe started construction of Yonge Street along
756-584: The War of 1812 a resident, William Roe, hid the settlement's gold treasury from invading American troops. The war helped the settlement prosper, as the British army purchased goods and food and hired locals to build structures. By 1814, the settlement had two frame and several log buildings used as residences. The settlement continued to grow through the early 19th century, along with the formation of Aurora and Holland Landing . A post office opened in 1826, and until 1890
810-557: The icesheets that covered the area until about 10,000 years ago. No outcrops are to be found anywhere in Newmarket, so deep are the glacial deposits. Newmarket is identified as one of the Golden Horseshoe's 25 Urban Growth Centres in Ontario's Places to Grow Growth Plan. Four areas of Newmarket have been selected to absorb the majority of planned population growth and accommodate mixed usages on sites well served by transit. These are
864-512: The regional municipalities of Halton , Peel , and York as well as portions of Regional Municipality of Durham and the City of Hamilton . However by 1851, York County only consisted of the areas presently comprising Toronto and Regional Municipality of York. In 1953, York County was split again, with the area south of Steeles Avenue forming the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto . York County
918-466: The Aurora/Newmarket border. Glenway Country Club was a private club with a course within Newmarket's boundaries, but it was closed before the 2012 season and is being redeveloped for housing. There are also several courses in the surrounding communities and countryside. Three public swimming places exist throughout Newmarket: Ray Twinney Complex , Gorman Pool, which is open only in the summer, and
972-559: The City of Hamilton . The town of York , later incorporated as the City of Toronto in 1834, served as the initial seat for the county. Once Toronto was incorporated, it was severed from York County, although county offices remained located in Toronto. In 1816, Wentworth and Halton counties were created, with portions of York County transferred to the new counties. In 1851, the western portions of York County were separated to form Peel County . In
1026-676: The Main Street Heritage Conservation District, and Wesley Brooks Conservation Area (locally called "Fairy Lake Park" or "Fairy Lake"). Newmarket's location on the Holland River enabled travel between Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe . A portage route, the Toronto Carrying-Place Trail , ran one of its two routes up the Holland River through the Newmarket area, and over the Oak Ridges Moraine to
1080-498: The Northern Railway line. In addition to the train, stagecoaches were available to nearby communities. By the time of the 1871 census, the population was 1,760 and by 1881, it had increased to 2,006; an elementary school and a high school were already in operation by then. The Toronto and York Radial Railway arrived in Newmarket in 1899. This service operated along Yonge Street south of Newmarket, but turned east to run through
1134-695: The Yonge-Davis intersection, Yonge Street (south of Green Lane), the Regional Healthcare Centre ( Southlake Regional Health Centre ) and Historic Downtown Centre (surrounding Main Street South). Further construction of big box retail stores in the Yonge Street corridor will not be permitted and the long-term objective of the town is redevelopment or the addition of new buildings to these areas through controlled intensification. The southwest portion of
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#17328559997761188-471: The area around Upper Canada Mall, with additional strip malls developing directly across the Yonge Street/Davis Drive intersection to the south and southeast. A concerted effort to revitalize the historic Downtown area during the late 1980s was successful. More recently, a $ 2.3-million investment was made by the town in 2004 in streetscaping and infrastructure improvements to roads and sidewalks in
1242-469: The area between Yonge Street on the west and between Bayview and Leslie Street in the east, and running from just north of Davis on the north to the Fairy Lake area on the south. By the 1950s, Newmarket was experiencing a suburban building boom due to its proximity to Toronto. The population increased from 5,000 to 11,000 between 1950 and 1970. The Regional Municipality of York was formed in 1971, increasing
1296-621: The county offices were located at the Adelaide Court House . From 1900 to 1953, the municipal government of Toronto shared its office space with York County at Toronto's Old City Hall . After the southern portion of York County was severed to form Metropolitan Toronto in 1953, the county's offices were relocated to the Old Newmarket Town Hall and Courthouse . In 1957, the York County Administrative Offices
1350-509: The downtown area along Main Street; it would later be extended north to Sutton . At the time, it brought significant numbers of day-trippers to Newmarket to shop at the market. Automobile traffic on Yonge Street, and the already existing mainline railway, had a significant effect on ridership, and the Radial was discontinued in the early 1930s. North of Davis Drive in Newmarket, the East Holland River
1404-555: The fact that the settlement was a "New Market", in contrast to York as the Old Market . The town was formed as one of many farming communities in the area, but also developed an industrial centre on the Northern Railway of Canada 's mainline, which was built in 1853 through what would become the downtown area. It also became a thriving market town with the arrival of the Metropolitan Street Railway in 1899. Over time,
1458-542: The first store in what would become the Simpsons department store chain. In 1880, Newmarket became a town with a population of 2,000. William Cane was elected as the first mayor. Some years later, his sash and door factory would become the first Canadian manufacturer of lead pencils, the Dixon Pencil Company. In 1869, the population was 1,500 and a gazetteer described Newmarket as one of the most flourishing villages on
1512-567: The following members of Parliament : York County, Ontario York County is a historic county in Upper Canada , Canada West , and the Canadian province of Ontario . It was organized by the Upper Canada administration from the lands of the Toronto Purchase and others. Created in 1792, at its largest size, it encompassed the area that presently comprises the City of Toronto ,
1566-619: The former trail in late 1795, starting in York in Toronto Bay , and ending at the newly named St. Albans ( Holland Landing ), north of Newmarket. Quakers from the Thirteen Colonies moved to the area to avoid violence they were expected to take part in during the American Revolution . In June 1800, Timothy Rogers, a Quaker from Vermont , explored the area around the Holland River to find
1620-458: The historic Downtown. The historic area of Downtown's Main Street is once again a major focal point of the town. The arrival of Highway 404 reversed the westward movement, pulling development eastward again, and surrounding the formerly separate hamlet of Bogarttown at the intersection of Mulock Drive and Leslie Street. Since then, Newmarket has grown considerably, filling out in all directions. The town limits now run from Bathurst Street in
1674-530: The historic Main Street area. The following is a list of some of these sites; many of the below-listed buildings located along Main Street are within the Main Street Heritage Conservation District : Newmarket's coat of arms is actually taken from the town's old corporate seal. The town flag is a navy blue field with this same design in the middle. The beehive and bees are said to represent industry. There are nine bees, representing
York—Scarborough (federal electoral district) - Misplaced Pages Continue
1728-500: The median household income in Newmarket was $ 95,589, exceeding the provincial average for the same year of $ 75,287. According to the 2016 census , the town's population was 87,942. The York Region Planning Department projects a population of 98,000 by 2026. Newmarket's population density is just over 2000 inhabitants per square kilometre, ranking the census subdivision third in Ontario and 33rd in Canada. The top five ethnic origins of
1782-528: The moisture from the Gulf of Mexico and the Great Lakes. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Newmarket had a population of 87,942 living in 30,301 of its 31,239 total private dwellings, a change of 4.4% from its 2016 population of 84,224 . With a land area of 38.5 km (14.9 sq mi), it had a population density of 2,284.2/km (5,916.1/sq mi) in 2021. In 2015,
1836-598: The name was spelled "New Market". Newmarket is noted for its role in the Rebellions of 1837–1838 , and was a centre of discontent against the manipulations of the governing Family Compact . Rebel leader William Lyon Mackenzie organized a series of meetings leading to the Rebellion; the first of which, on August 3, 1837, was delivered from the veranda of the North American Hotel in Newmarket. This speech contributed to
1890-461: The north-western part of the Borough of Scarborough. In 1976 (with effect from the 1979 general election), the riding was shifted to the east, taking in only the easternmost part of North York, and all of northern Scarborough. The electoral district was abolished in 1987 (with effect from the 1988 general election) when it was redistributed between Don Valley North , Scarborough—Agincourt and Scarborough—Rouge River ridings. This riding has elected
1944-679: The population are English, Canadian, Scottish, Irish and Italian. Of the 2,290 immigrants who settled in Newmarket between 2011 and 2016, 505 (22 per cent) emigrated from China, 290 (13 per cent) from Iran, and 240 (10 per cent) from the Philippines. In 2021, Newmarket was 63.9% white/European, 34.9% visible minorities, and 1.2% Indigenous. The largest visible minority groups (over 1000 population) were Chinese (10.0%), West Asian (6.5%), South Asian (4.3%), Black (2.9%), Southeast Asian (2.5%), Filipino (2.4%), and Latin American (1.5%). English
1998-456: The population, up from 25.4% in 2011. 12.9% of the population belonged to other religions and spiritual tradition, up from 8.1% in 2011. The largest non-Christian religions were Islam (6.5%), Buddhism (2.2%), Judaism (2.0%) and Hinduism (1.3%). Newmarket features a diverse and growing economy based largely in the business services, healthcare and knowledge sectors, as well as manufacturing and retail industries. The following are some of
2052-449: The rebellion, as it was heard by about 600 farmers and others sympathetic to Mackenzie's cause, who later that year armed themselves and marched down Yonge Street to take the capital. A number of leaders from this area were attainted for high treason , convicted and hanged . By 1846, the population was about 600. Much of the settlement was built on the south side of the town, with farms surrounding it. There were six churches or chapels,
2106-553: The same year, the eastern riding of York County was separated from York to form Ontario County . In April 1953, the Metropolitan Toronto Act was passed in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario . This saw municipalities south of Steeles Avenue severed from York County and forming the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto . As a result of this separation, the county offices for York County were moved from Toronto to Newmarket . The Act went into effect on 1 January 1954. At
2160-476: The size of Newmarket with land from the Township of East Gwillimbury, from the Township of King and from the Township of Whitchurch. The construction of Upper Canada Mall at the corner of Yonge Street and Davis Drive in 1974 started pulling the focal point of the town westward from the historic Downtown area along Main Street. By the early 1980s, the historic Downtown area suffered as most businesses had built up in
2214-469: The town developed into a primarily residential area, and the expansion of Ontario Highway 400 to the west and the construction of Ontario Highway 404 to the east increasingly turned it into a bedroom town since the 1980s. The province's Official Plan includes growth in the business services and knowledge industries, as well as in the administrative, manufacturing and retail sectors. Landmarks include Upper Canada Mall , Southlake Regional Health Centre ,
York—Scarborough (federal electoral district) - Misplaced Pages Continue
2268-444: The town from the Oak Ridges Moraine by way of Bogarttown , emptying into the Holland River in north-central Newmarket; Western creek, another brook rising just west of the town, and reaching the Holland River in the town's north end; Tannery Creek, a stream that joins the Holland River in south Newmarket after flowing through Aurora ; and a number of other small watercourses. There are two reservoirs in Newmarket; Fairy Lake (which
2322-469: The town has no official record as to the purchase or redesign of the arms. Newmarket was previously home to the following teams: Junior Leagues Newmarket is also home to many rep and select teams. They go by the name of the Newmarket Renegades and range from divisions of Tyke to Midget. One golf course is located within Newmarket's town limits; St. Andrew's Valley (a public club), which straddles
2376-474: The town is located in the Oak Ridges Moraine and is therefore subject to the Ontario Government's Greenbelt Legislation . Newmarket has a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ), with four distinct seasons featuring cold, somewhat snowy winters and warm, humid summers. Precipitation is moderate and consistent in all seasons, although summers are a bit wetter than winter due to
2430-560: The town's major public sector employers: The following are some of the town's major private sector employers: As a result of this strong employment base both in Newmarket and York Region, 50% of Newmarket residents commute less than 30 minutes to work each day. For over 100 years, the town's downtown area, centred around Main Street, has acted as a hub of commerce and cultural activity. This area contains numerous early 19th century buildings worthy of preservation, and in October 2013, this area
2484-416: The town's nine most prominent businesses at the time that Newmarket was incorporated as a Village. The latest form of the seal was introduced in 1938 with the arms somewhat altered from – but very similar in concept to – one that was earlier used. The arms' origin is something of a mystery, however. It is unknown what artist created the current version – or indeed the earlier version – and
2538-415: The west to Highway 404 in the east, and from just south of Green Lane to just north of St. John's Sideroad, taking over the former hamlet of Armitage at Yonge Street south of Mulock Drive. The southern boundary of the town is contiguous with Aurora to the south. Armitage was the first settlement of King township, named in honour of its first settler Amos Armitage. He had been recruited by Timothy Rogers,
2592-439: Was almost complete by the summer of 1912, when it was cancelled by the incoming government of Robert Borden . Today, the locks are still visible and are known as the "Ghost Canal". The turning basin in downtown Newmarket was filled in and now forms the parking lot of The Old Davis Tannery Mall, on the site of the former Hill tannery. For much of the 20th century, Newmarket developed along the east-west Davis Drive axis, limited to
2646-528: Was also opened at 62 Bayview Parkway. York County was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada by several ridings, initially grouped with neighbouring counties, then for the town of York (York, Upper Canada) and rural parts or York County: York was represented in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1841 to 1867 with rural and town (city after 1834) ridings: Most members were residents in Toronto and did not necessary represent
2700-544: Was formally dissolved in 1971, with its remaining municipalities reorganized as the Regional Municipality of York. York County was created on 16 June 1792 and was part of the jurisdiction of the Home District of Upper Canada. It originally comprised all of what is now the City of Toronto , the regional municipalities of Halton , Peel , and York as well as portions of the Regional Municipality of Durham , and
2754-490: Was recognized as a Provincial Heritage Conservation District . This status serves to protect and officially recognize many of the heritage sites and buildings along this historic thoroughfare and its many side streets. Recent investments have been made to improve the aesthetics and function of the historic area. These include: Numerous buildings and sites located in Newmarket possess a high degree of architectural and/or historical significance; most of these are concentrated in
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#17328559997762808-524: Was situated in Toronto (named York prior to 1834) from 1792 to 1953. After the creation of Metropolitan Toronto in 1953, the seat of government for York County was moved to Newmarket. From the 19th century to 1900, the offices of York County were held in various court houses. York County offices were first held at the First York County Courthouse on Front Street and Parliament Street from 1800 to 1813. The First York County Courthouse also housed
2862-501: Was straightened to prepare it for use as a commercial waterway to bypass the railway, whose prices were skyrocketing around the turn of the 20th century. Sir William Mulock , the local Member of Parliament , proposed a canal system running down the Holland River through Holland Landing and into Lake Simcoe. This would allow boats to connect from there to the Trent-Severn Waterway for eventual shipment south. The Newmarket Canal
2916-723: Was the mother tongue of 64.2% of Newmarket residents in 2021. The next most common first languages were Chinese languages (7.5% including 4.7% Mandarin and 2.6% Cantonese ), Persian (5.7%), Russian (2.7%), Italian (1.4%), Spanish (1.4%) Tagalog (1.1%), and French (1.0%). 3.2% of residents listed both English and a non-official language as mother tongues, while 0.4% listed both English and French. 50.6% of residents were Christian , down from 66.5% in 2011. 23.9% were Catholic , 12.2% were Protestant , 7.6% were Christian n.o.s, 4.2% were Christian Orthodox , and 2.7% belonged to other Christian denominations and Christian-related traditions. Non-religious or secular residents were 36.5% of
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