49-550: Wreck Bay Village , formerly Wreck Bay Aboriginal Reserve , is an Aboriginal village in the Jervis Bay Territory , Australia. At the 2021 census the population was 152. It is mainly an Australian Aboriginal community, run by the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council . Wreck Bay Village is at the northeast corner of Wreck Bay between the small coves called Mary Bay and Summercloud Bay . It
98-476: A front of rapidly moving cool air known as a southerly buster . Rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the seasons, with a bias to the first half of the year, due to prevailing easterlies. Short high intensity rainfall events may happen at any time of the year and can lead to local flooding. Jervis Bay also experiences thunderstorms during the warmer months bringing lightning, heavy rain and occasionally hail. With an annual rainfall around 1,200 mm, it
147-514: A slow but steady increase in recent years as they re-colonise former habitats, having been extensively hunted in the 19th and 20th centuries. Other species sighted have been false killer whales , orcas , minke whales and, on one occasion, a blue whale . Tourism in Jervis Bay is one of the most important avenues of income for many of the local residents, with many businesses orienting themselves towards it. The Jervis Bay Visitors Information Centre
196-482: A submerged Fairey Firefly aeroplane, scallop beds, Middle Ground, Ten Fathom Reef, and Bowen Island. Jervis Bay is also known for whale watching , because whale migration, both north and south, can be observed as the animals pass the entrance to the bay, frequently entering the sheltered waters to rest. The majority of whales sighted at Jervis Bay are humpbacks , which migrate along Australia's east coast from June to November. Southern right whales are also showing
245-418: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This New South Wales geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Jervis Bay Territory The Jervis Bay Territory ( / ˈ dʒ ɜːr v ɪ s , ˈ dʒ ɑːr -/ ; JBT ) is an internal federal territory of Australia. It was established in 1915 from land ceded by the state of New South Wales , in order to give
294-564: Is a 102-square-kilometre (39 sq mi) oceanic bay and village in the Jervis Bay Territory and on the South Coast of New South Wales , Australia . In the Dhurga language of the Aboriginal inhabitants of the area, it is called Booderee, which translates as "bay of plenty". A 70-square-kilometre (27 sq mi) area of land around the southern headland of the bay is a territory of
343-589: Is a grouping of buildings known on the eastern foreshore of Sussex Inlet known as the Christian's Minde Settlement, which contain 6 separate parcels of land, four of which are leaseholds. The historical, heritage-listed Christian's Minde (Block 14) was founded in the mid-1880s by the Ellmoos family from Denmark. Christian's Minde was promoted as the first guesthouse on the NSW south coast between Port Hacking and Twofold Bay when it
392-795: Is a legal mechanism that makes Defence personnel subject to the Crimes Act 1914 (Cth), the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) and offences against the criminal law of the ACT, as military law, even if the offence is committed elsewhere outside Australia. The Commonwealth contracts the ACT government to provide various services like courts, education and welfare, the Government of New South Wales for rural fire services and community health, Shoalhaven City Council for waste collection and library services, and commercial providers for electricity and water supplies. At
441-522: Is a natural harbour 16 km (10 mi) north to south and 10 km (6 mi) east to west, opening to the east onto the Pacific Ocean . The bay is situated about 198 km (123 mi) south of the city of Sydney , on the southern coast of New South Wales . The nearest city is Nowra , about 40 km (25 mi) on the Shoalhaven River to the north. The majority of Jervis Bay embayment
490-467: Is adjacent, operated by the RAN to support its BAE Systems Kalkara (Storm Petrel) pilotless target aircraft. Kalkaras are launched from the airfield and later recovered by parachute into the water and thence by boats maintained at HMAS Creswell , after target-towing exercises off the coast with ships or aircraft. Control equipment is sited at Bherwerre Ridge overlooking the sea to the east. Jervis Bay Territory
539-486: Is at Huskisson, and is part of the Lady Denman Maritime Museum and Gallery. Local council-managed visitor information centres are at Nowra and Ulladulla . The first commercial aquaculture licence for an area in the bay was granted in 2015, for an enterprise which started growing blue mussels . They also found abundant Angasi oysters and scallops growing on the lines which they dropped at first, but
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#1732851352873588-509: Is available between Sydney Airport and the South Coast every day. Significant areas of the Jervis Bay natural environment have been established as protected areas , including Booderee National Park , Jervis Bay National Park (NSW) and the Jervis Bay Marine Park . Some 158 km (61 sq mi) of the land on both sides of the bay have been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because
637-522: Is in the south of the territory. It is about 2 km (1.2 mi) south of Jervis Bay Airfield and 6.6 km (4.1 mi) by road from Jervis Bay Village . The first European settlement around Jervis Bay started in the early 1880s. Wreck Bay forms part of the Jervis Bay Territory, which became Commonwealth territory in 1915 so that the national government based in Canberra could have access to
686-552: Is owned and managed by the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council. The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community owns and co-manages (with Parks Australia ), the Booderee National Park and Botanic Gardens . It includes Australia's only Aboriginal-owned and managed botanical garden . The Wreck Bay Village is now private land and no public access is available. This Indigenous Australians -related article
735-534: Is part of Jervis Bay Marine Park (NSW State) but the waters within Jervis Bay Territory are part of Booderee National Park (Commonwealth). Booderee National Park was formerly known as Jervis Bay National Park (Commonwealth). A wide variety of flora and fauna are native to the Booderee ( Aboriginal: bay of plenty ) National Park with approximately 206 species of birds, 27 species of mammals, 15 species of amphibians, 23 species of reptiles and 180 species of fish native to
784-792: Is part of Christian's Minde Settlement, the Railway, Tram and Bus Union (RTBU) Holiday Park (Block 37) and The Cove (former Bay of Plenty Lodges) (Block 28). Within the Booderee National Park is HMAS Creswell, the Royal Australian Navy College named after Sir William Rooke Creswell , the Director of the Commonwealth Naval Forces which later became the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The Jervis Bay Airfield
833-442: The 2021 census , 310 people lived in the territory, the majority working and living at the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) base HMAS Creswell . Vincentia is the nearest town, roughly 3 km (2 mi) north of the border. Having 65.7 km (25 sq mi) of land and 8.9 km (3 sq mi) marine reserve, Jervis Bay Territory is the smallest of all the mainland states and territories of Australia. Jervis Bay
882-675: The Commonwealth of Australia , known as the Jervis Bay Territory , which is administered by, but is not a part of, the Australian Capital Territory . The Territory includes the settlements of Jervis Bay Village and Wreck Bay Village . The Royal Australian Navy (RAN) base, HMAS Creswell , is in the Jervis Bay Territory between Jervis Bay Village and Greenpatch Point . Archaeological finds at Burrill Lake , 55 kilometres south of Jervis Bay, provide evidence of Aboriginal occupation dating back 20,000 years. Jervis Bay
931-560: The Shoalhaven displaced the Aboriginal inhabitants, who were moved to Wreck Bay in 1822. Smallpox and syphilis significantly reduced their population. A separate population of Aborigines, whom settlers called "the Jervis Bay tribe" — the Wandandian people — remained on their traditional lands on the bank of Currambene Creek, near Huskisson , and around St Georges Basin, until well into
980-414: The 20th century. In 1841, the private township of South Huskisson on Jervis Bay was founded as a seaport and terminus of The Wool Road . It was renamed Vincentia in 1952. The bay was a base for whaling in 1912 and 1913. The vessels involved were the factory ship Loch Tay and her two catchers Campbell and Sorrell . !n 1915, the land now comprising the Jervis Bay Territory was surrendered to
1029-594: The ACT judicial system, but are not represented in the Legislative Assembly . Although they are subject to ACT law and some services are contracted by the Australian Government to nearby councils in New South Wales, Jervis Bay Territory residents do not vote in either ACT or New South Wales elections, nor does Jervis Bay have its own elected council, though Aboriginal persons who are registered members of
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#17328513528731078-810: The ACT's representation in the Senate ; it forms part of the Division of Fenner (also in the ACT) for House of Representatives purposes. However, it is not represented in the ACT Legislative Assembly . For most purposes, the territory is governed under the laws of the Australian Capital Territory , by the Jervis Bay Administration, which handles matters normally concerned with local or state government. The ACT also provides primary school teachers and Australian Federal Police staffing. Residents have access to
1127-511: The Commonwealth Government by the state of New South Wales . It was proposed that it would become a seaport for the new federal capital under construction at Canberra , which would be Australia's only inland capital. In the late 1960s, Australia's first nuclear power plant was proposed for the area, and a site was prepared, but the project did not proceed. In 1995, Jervis Bay National Park and Botanic Gardens were handed back to
1176-469: The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council have voting rights both at meetings of the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council, and to elect the executive of that Council. Section 61 of the Defence Force Discipline Act (DFDA) makes all Australian Defence Force members and "Defence Civilians" subject to the criminal laws of the Jervis Bay Territory regardless of where the offence occurred. This
1225-579: The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Reserve that was put under control of a mission manager. The decision to create this permanent settlement has enabled cultural practices to survive. The 402 hectares (990 acres) of land was officially handed to the Aboriginal community in 1995 by the Australian Government, including Booderee National Park and Botanic Gardens . In 2021 Nikita Ridgeway created indigenous artwork used to decorate two fire trucks used by Wreck Bay (Australia) Rural Fire Brigade. The brigade
1274-502: The Wreck Bay Aboriginal community. In 1997, the community, who jointly manage the park with the Commonwealth Government, decided to rename it Booderee National Park and Botanic Gardens . Jervis Bay is a drowned river valley and formed 15,000 years ago, at the end of the last ice age . The bay took on its present appearance around 4000 BC after the sea levels had risen 120 metres (390 ft), and as sand dune barriers created
1323-414: The area by foot, heading to Port Jackson . Explorer George Bass entered the bay on 10 December, 1797. He named Bowen Island . John Oxley , an English explorer and surveyor, travelled from Sydney by sea to explore the bay in 1819. During the negotiations that led to Federation , three major agreements were reached regarding proposed federal territories, including (in particular) the capital city of
1372-559: The area. The park itself encompasses approximately 90% of the territory of Jervis Bay and covers the overlap between Australia's northern and southern climatic zones. Ancient sand dunes overlay the sedimentary bedrock formations formed from upheaval of the surrounding marine environment 280–225 million years ago. There are three small lakes within the territory: Lake Windermere, the largest, with an area of 31 ha (77 acres); Lake Mckenzie, 7 ha (17 acres); as well as Blacks Waterhole measuring 1.4 ha (3.5 acres). Bowen Island, at
1421-536: The bay aboard Matilda , which had also been part of the Third Fleet, in order to undertake repairs to the ship. In mid 1797, survivors of the wreck of Sydney Cove passed through the area on foot, while undertaking an arduous trek of 600 kilometres in an attempt to get to Port Jackson (Sydney) – only three of them completed the journey. Explorer George Bass entered the bay on 10 December 1797 and named Bowen Island . Alexander Berry's takeover of land in
1470-467: The bay are the settlements of Greenpatch , Hyams Beach , and Bowen Island . From north to south on the New South Wales shore of the bay are Callala Beach , Callala Bay , Huskisson and Vincentia . Beecroft Peninsula , on the northern side of the bay, has been used as a bombing range by the RAN. Point Perpendicular forms the southern end of the peninsula. Jervis Bay is approximately a three-hour drive south of Sydney . A door-to-door shuttle service
1519-408: The capital and the port would be in separate, non-contiguous areas, inasmuch as any contiguous path from Canberra to the coast would have required New South Wales to surrender a great deal of territory. Ownership of Crown land in the Jervis Bay area was transferred from the NSW government to the federal government in 1909 (at the same time that ownership of the site of Canberra and the surrounding area
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1568-514: The coastal heathland supports the largest sub-population of the endangered eastern bristlebird , isolated from other sub-populations. Jervis Bay has been recorded as having the whitest sand in the world. Jervis Bay is known for recreational fishing, kayaking , paddleboarding , sailing and scuba diving , with tour operators departing from Huskisson and amateurs using boat ramps at bayside towns and camp sites. Popular diving sites include The Labyrinths, Gorgonian Wall, Point Perpendicular ,
1617-516: The entrance to the bay 230 m (750 ft) north of Governors Head, is 51 ha (130 acres) in area. It has rookeries for the little penguin Eudyptula minor . There are two villages in the Jervis Bay Territory. They are both covered by postcode 2540. Listed from north to south, they are: There are several private leasehold properties in the Jervis Bay Territory, within but not part of Booderee National Park . Among these leasehold properties
1666-569: The federal government access to the sea in the vicinity of the landlocked Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The territory was administered by the Department of the Interior (and later by the Department of the Capital Territory ) as if it were part of the ACT, although it has always been a separate Commonwealth territory. The perception that it is part of the ACT stems from the fact that under
1715-400: The industry focus is on the blue mussels, which have a high ratio of meat to shell. The first full-scale commercial harvest of blue mussels was scheduled for November 2020. The potential of growing seaweeds for commercial use is also being explored, and Shoalhaven City Council is investing A$ 2.3 million to develop a wharf, boat maintenance facility and other infrastructure needed to service
1764-445: The industry. It is hoped that the industry will create up to 1,000 jobs. Jervis Bay experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb ), with average maximum temperatures varying from 16 °C in winter to 25 °C in summer tempered by sea breezes. Since 2001, the highest recorded temperature is 42.1 °C on 1 January 2006, and the lowest 4.7 °C on 13 August 2005. Hot summer evenings are often relieved by
1813-563: The majority of land in the Territory, it exercises certain governance and representation functions for its community under the Aboriginal Land Grant (Jervis Bay Territory) Act 1986 The Jervis Bay Territory is administered by the federal Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts . Nonetheless, it is counted as part of the ACT for the purpose of
1862-531: The national park that covers the majority of the Jervis Bay Territory, means 'bay of plenty' or 'plenty of fish' in the local Aboriginal language. The Yuin people have a strong and continuing connection to the Jervis Bay area and in December 2016, applied for recognition of their native title , in part to recognise this. Jervis Bay was sighted by Lieutenant James Cook aboard HMS Endeavour on 25 April, 1770 (two days after Saint George's Day ), and he named
1911-411: The proposed federation. First, it was decided that a new, purpose-built city, located within the borders of New South Wales (NSW), should become the federal capital. Second, to allay fears that such a location would give NSW too much influence on federal politics, it was also agreed that an area including the new city would be exclaved from NSW – to become a small, separate federal territory. Third, it
1960-463: The sea. Wreck Bay is so called because the waves are generally quite high and it is easy for a ship to be destroyed. Aboriginal people started a small settlement at Summercloud Bay around the early 1900s. They favoured the area because of strong cultural ties, its closeness to both the bush and the sea for collection of food and other sources and because of its distance from European settlements. This area later became an Aboriginal reserve known as
2009-568: The southern headland Cape St George. In August 1791, the bay was entered and named by Lieutenant Richard Bowen aboard the convict transport ship Atlantic of the Third Fleet in honour of Admiral John Jervis , under whom he had served. In November 1791, Master Matthew Weatherhead aboard the Matilda entered the bay to undertake repairs. Survivors of the Sydney Cove shipwreck in 1797 reached
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2058-522: The southern peninsula. Much of the rock in Jervis Bay is part of the Sydney Basin sandstone formation, which is 280-225 million years old, although lower areas are overlain with Tertiary -era sediments. Several features at Jervis Bay have been used as evidence that the Australian coast experienced many giant tsunamis prior to European colonisation. In the Jervis Bay Territory on the southern side of
2107-576: The terms of the Jervis Bay Territory Acceptance Act 1915 , the laws of the ACT apply to the Jervis Bay Territory. In 1989, when the ACT achieved self-government , the Department of the Arts, Sport, the Environment, Tourism and Territories took over responsibility for the JBT's administration. Jervis Bay has a long history of Aboriginal Australian settlement. Booderee, the name of
2156-421: Was also considered desirable, at the time, that the responsibilities and powers of the federal government should include direct control of, and jurisdiction over, at least one port and, therefore, an area of coastline. Although the site of the capital city was not decided until 1908, all of the seriously considered sites were substantial distances inland; thus it was also acknowledged (if only implicitly) that
2205-491: Was also relinquished by NSW). In 1915, jurisdiction over the Jervis Bay Territory was also transferred from New South Wales to the Commonwealth. To reduce the practical difficulties presented by the physical separation of the two territories, the government of NSW also agreed, in principle, that the federal government could build and take full control of a proposed rail corridor between Canberra and Jervis Bay, although this
2254-432: Was established in the 1890s. Descendants of the Ellmoos family lived at Christian's Minde (Block 14), Ellmoos (Block 9) and Ardath (Block 11) for over 130 years, and continue to live at Kullindi (Block 10) today. Members of the extended family are buried in a cemetery, which is surrounded by dense bush and is managed by the local Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community. Other leaseholds in Jervis Bay Territory are Pamir (Block 12) which
2303-456: Was never implemented. The area of land and water owned by the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council in the JBT is approximately 68 km (26 sq mi), which is about 90% of the land. The remaining land in the JBT is managed by the Department of Infrastructure, Regional Development and Cities . There is an Aboriginal community at Wreck Bay Village in Booderee National Park . The Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community Council not only holds
2352-449: Was sighted by Lieutenant James Cook aboard HMS Endeavour on 25 April 1770, two days after Saint George's Day , and he named the southern headland Cape St George. In August 1791, Lieutenant Richard Bowen , aboard the convict transport ship Atlantic , part of the Third Fleet , sailed into the bay and named it in honour of Admiral John Jervis , under whom he had served. In November 1791 Master Matthew Weatherhead entered
2401-474: Was the proposed location for a nuclear power plant . The project, which was to be on the south east corner of the bay near Murray's Beach , was cancelled in 1971. This was after preparatory excavation and levelling had been done and an access road constructed between the site and the territory border. The levelled area is now the car park for Murray's Beach and its adjacent boat ramp. Jervis Bay Jervis Bay ( / ˈ dʒ ɜːr v ɪ s , ˈ dʒ ɑːr -/ )
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