32-585: The Sydney Basin is an interim Australian bioregion and is both a structural entity and a depositional area, now preserved on the east coast of New South Wales , Australia and with some of its eastern side now subsided beneath the Tasman Sea . The basin is named for the city of Sydney , on which it is centred. Around 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) thick, the Sydney Basin consists of Permian and Triassic sedimentary rocks, which stretches from Newcastle in
64-498: A station on the Mungindi railway line and is served by the daily NSW TrainLink Xplorer passenger service to and from Sydney and Moree . It claims the title "Koala Capital of World". In recent years the local shire council has moved away from this promotional tagline and there are concerns over the health of the local koala population and the impacts of climate change and local mining developments on koala habitat. Gunnedah and
96-522: A major part of the Australasia biogeographic realm, as developed by the World Wide Fund for Nature . Based on this system, the world is also split into 14 terrestrial habitats , of which eight are shared by Australia. The Australian land mass is divided into 89 bioregions and 419 subregions. Each region is a land area made up of a group of interacting ecosystems that are repeated in similar form across
128-517: A mining boom resulting in rental properties being leased by mining companies for up to $ 1,350 per week. Gunnedah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: According to the 2016 census of Population, there are 9,726 people in Gunnedah. The most popular sport in Gunnedah by a wide margin is Rugby league . The local team, the Gunnedah Bulldogs, play out of Kitchener Park. They compete in
160-551: A private railway some 5.7 kilometres (3.5 mi) in length had been completed from the railway station to their mine. In September 1957, the Government Railway took over the working of the line. Dorothea Mackellar wrote her famous poem My Country (popularly known as I Love a Sunburnt Country ) about her family's farm near Gunnedah. This is remembered by the annual Dorothea Mackellar Poetry Awards for school students held in Gunnedah. In early 2012, Gunnedah experienced
192-519: A textbook subtropical climate with temperatures regularly exceeding 40 °C in summer and dropping below 0 °C in winter. This is due to the town's far inland location on the North West Slopes . Its average annual rainfall is 632.9 mm (24.9 in), which is spread throughout the year, however severe thunderstorms in the summer months often cause heavy downpours which boost rainfall totals. The highest daily maximum temperature recorded
224-454: Is a biogeographic regionalisation of Australia developed by the Australian government's Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population, and Communities . It was developed for use as a planning tool, for example for the establishment of a national reserve system . The first version of IBRA was developed in 1993–94 and published in 1995. Within the broadest scale, Australia is
256-558: Is a town in north-central New South Wales , Australia and is the seat of the Gunnedah Shire local government area . In the 2021 census the town recorded a population of 8,338. Gunnedah is situated within the Liverpool Plains , a fertile agricultural region, with 80% of the surrounding shire area devoted to farming. The Namoi River flows west then north-west through the town providing water beneficial to agricultural operations in
288-727: Is part of a major basin system that extends over 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) from the Bowen Basin in Queensland through to the Gunnedah Basin in NSW. Onshore, the basin contains 4,500 metres (14,800 ft) of Permo-Triassic clastic sediments, while the offshore basin contains 6,000 metres (20,000 ft) of sediments. The basin overlies the Lachlan Fold Belt and Late Carboniferous volcanoclastic sediments. The basin formed during extension in
320-721: The Early Permian , with half-graben infilled with the Dalwood and Talaterang Groups. Foreland loading followed with the compression of the Currarong Orogen in the Early Permian. Late Permian uplift associated with the New England foreland loading phase resulted in the formation of depocentres with the northeast Sydney Basin with best preserved marine fossils. These depocentres filled with pyroclastic and alluvial-paludual sediments of
352-712: The Group 4 Rugby League competition, in which they have won seven premierships. Other sports teams include the Gunnedah AFL Bulldogs competing in AFL North West NSW , Gunnedah Red Devils RUFC competing in the Central Northern Rugby Union and Gunnedah FC competing in the Northern Inland Football . Gunnedah Shire is situated 264 metres (866 ft) above sea level on the Liverpool Plains in
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#1732845637588384-470: The Liverpool Range to a point 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Muswellbrook , and then runs 200 kilometres (120 mi) back to the coast at Newcastle. To the east the basin continues to the edge of the continental shelf . The total area of the basin is approximately 44,000 square kilometres (17,000 sq mi) onshore plus 5,000 square kilometres (1,900 sq mi) offshore. The centre of
416-514: The Namoi River valley. It is very flat; the tallest hills are 400 to 500 metres (1,300 to 1,600 ft) above sea level. The climate is hot in summer, mild in winter and dry, although rainstorms in catchment areas occasionally cause flooding of the Namoi River. Major floods cut transport links to the town, briefly isolating it from the outside world. The town is located on a rich coal seam and within
448-508: The UNESCO World Heritage -listed Greater Blue Mountains Area . According to NSW Primary Industries , the basin extends through approximately 350 kilometres (220 mi) of coastline from Newcastle in the north to Durras Lake (near Batemans Bay ) in the south. From Durras Lake the western boundary continues in a line through Lithgow to around Ulan (near Mudgee ). To the north the boundary extends 120 kilometres (75 mi) along
480-631: The Dunnet family, of Narrabri, who also publishes the bi-weekly The Courier newspaper in Narrabri. 2MO began broadcasting in 1930 and was only the fourth Radio Licence issued in Australia, being the first station established in Australia outside a capital city. The Oxley Highway and the Kamilaroi Highway both pass through Gunnedah, for a short distance, concurrently. The Oxley Highway leads to Tamworth in
512-573: The New England Institute of TAFE is also located within the town. Local media include the Gunnedah Times and Namoi Valley Independent newspapers and the radio stations 2MO and 2GGG. The Namoi Valley Independent , published by Australian Community Media, switched to a digital-only newspaper model in 2020. The Gunnedah Times started as a print newspaper in November 2020 and is published by
544-699: The Newcastle Coal Measures. In the Triassic, uplift of the offshore basin resulted in reworking of Permian sediments in fluvial environments. The basin underwent a final phase of deformation (thrusting) in the Middle Triassic where it was uplifted to become dry land, with an erosion occurring from this time to the present. Extension and breakup in the Tasman Sea beginning in the Late Cretaceous resulted in
576-659: The Southern Rivers catchment, the Illawarra sub-catchment and the Shoalhaven sub-catchment forms the southern boundary. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text by Commonwealth of Australia ( Geoscience Australia ) 2018., available under the CC BY 4.0 license. (accessed on 25 March 2018). Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia The Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia ( IBRA )
608-505: The area focused on wool production, Gunnedah was initially known as 'The Woolshed' until taking its name from the local Indigenous people who called themselves the Gunn-e-darr , the most famous of whom was Cumbo Gunnerah . Coal was discovered on Black Jack Hill in 1877. By 1891, 6,000 tons of coal had been raised from shafts. The Gunnedah Colliery Company was registered in May 1899 and by 22 June
640-492: The area. The Gunnedah area is a significant producer of cotton, coal, beef, lamb and pork, and cereal and oilseed grains. Gunnedah is also home to AgQuip , Australia's largest annual agricultural field day . Gunnedah is located on the Oxley and Kamilaroi Highways providing convenient road links to much of the northern sector of the state including to the regional centre Tamworth , 75 kilometres (47 mi) distant. The town has
672-434: The basin covers 64,000 square kilometres (25,000 sq mi), of which 36,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) is onshore and 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi) is offshore with water depths of up to 4,500 metres (14,800 ft). Another Australian Government agency classifies that the basin covers approximately 25,000 square kilometres (9,700 sq mi). Minor igneous activity took place in
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#1732845637588704-583: The basin during the Early Jurassic (i.e. 210 million years ago), Late Mesozoic (i.e. 100-90 million years ago) and Cenozoic eras (i.e. 65 million years ago). The Early Jurassic activity resulted in the formation of the Prospect dolerite intrusion in Prospect Hill . Although Jurassic sedimentation is not observed in the Sydney Basin, there are Jurassic volcanic breccia pipes ( diatremes ). The Sydney Basin
736-612: The basin is located around 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of the Sydney central business district at Fairfield , though only the youngest Triassic ( middle Triassic ) rocks are exposed in the Sydney area. The Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water classifies the basin as an interim Australian bioregion consisting of 3,629,597 hectares (8,968,930 acres). Meanwhile, according to Geoscience Australia
768-516: The current structural boundaries of the basin's eastern margin. In the south and west the Basin finishes in cliff lines formed on sandstones and conglomerates of the primary Permian sediments, with waterfalls being widespread on all escarpments. The hydrology of the basin comprises three main drainage basins as defined by the New South Wales Office of Water that lie entirely or mainly within
800-461: The east and Coonabarabran to the west. The Kamilaroi Highway leads to Quirindi to the south-east and Boggabri to the north-west. Gunnedah railway station is situated on the Mungindi (or North West) railway line , 475 kilometres (295 mi) from Sydney. The station, opened in 1879, consists of a substantial station building on a single side platform, a passing loop and small goods yard. There are also sidings serving an adjacent flour mill. To
832-734: The geography of the basin; namely the Central Coast catchment, the Hawkesbury - Nepean catchment, and the Sydney Metropolitan catchment. In addition, some of the rivers of the Hunter -Central Rivers catchment and the Southern Rivers catchment also lie mainly in the basin. In the Hunter-Central Rivers catchment, the Hunter River sub-catchment forms the northern boundary of the basin. In
864-484: The landscape. IBRA is updated periodically based on new data, mapping improvements, and review of the existing scheme. The most recent version is IBRA7, developed during 2012, which replaced IBRA6.1. This is a list of region and subregions under IBRA7. Region codes are given in parentheses, followed by area, where known. Images of regions are from IBRA6.1, pending creation of maps for IBRA7. Gunnedah, New South Wales Gunnedah ( / ˈ ɡ ʌ n ə d ɑː / )
896-558: The north to Batemans Bay in the south, and west to the Great Dividing Range . The basin is also home to the major centres of Newcastle , Gosford , and Wollongong , as well as the state capital of Sydney , and contains economically significant reserves of coal . Sydney's famous harbour and the sculptured cliffs of the Blue Mountains are signature formations of relatively hard upper strata of sandstone . The basin contains
928-502: The northern New South Wales wheat belt. The Gunnedah area is noted for its abundance of native wildlife, including kangaroos , echidnas and koalas . Koalas can often be found in trees within the town, as well as in the surrounding countryside with the help of signs placed by the local tourist centre. The koala population is considered to be the largest koala colony in the state, west of the Great Dividing Range. Gunnedah has
960-547: The surrounding areas were originally inhabited by Aboriginal Australians speaking the Kamilaroi ( Gamilaraay ) language. The name of the town in Kamilaroi means "Place of White Stones". In 1818, English surveyor general John Oxley traversed the district, for which a monument pays tribute to him at the base of Mullaley Mountain. The area now occupied by the town was settled by European sheep farmers in 1833 or 1834. With settlement in
992-399: The west of the station there are extensive sidings serving grain silos and loop sidings serving coal loading facilities. For a brief three-year period after the railway arrived in Gunnedah it was the railhead until construction was completed to Boggabri and then to Narrabri South Junction in 1882. Currently a single daily Xplorer diesel railmotor operating between Sydney and Moree serves
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1024-543: Was 48.7 °C (119.7 °F), on 24 January 1882; the lowest daily maximum temperature recorded was 4.4 °C (39.9 °F), on 4 August 1921. Snow is very rare, with the most recent occurrence in 1984. Gunnedah has three secondary schools: Gunnedah High School, Carinya Christian school and St Mary's College. There are three government (Gunnedah Public School, Gunnedah South Public School, and G.S. Kidd Memorial School) and two non-government (St Xavier's Catholic School and Carinya Christian School) primary schools. A campus of
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