The Sanjiangyuan ( Chinese : 三江源 ; lit. 'Source of Three Rivers'), is an area of the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai province, China which contains the headwaters of three great rivers of Asia: the Yellow , the Yangtze , and the Mekong . Parts of the area were protected as the Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve ( SNNR ), also called the Three Rivers Nature Reserve . The reserve consisted of 18 subareas, and each contained three zones which were managed with differing degrees of strictness. In 2015, the Chinese government decided to implement a new national park system, and created Sanjiangyuan National Park, which is set to open officially in 2020.
52-1159: [REDACTED] Look up three rivers in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Three Rivers may refer to: Related to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States [ edit ] The confluence of the Allegheny River and Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania A nickname for the Pittsburgh area and a phrase used commonly in local culture Three Rivers Park in Pittsburgh Three Rivers Heritage Trail in Pittsburgh and Allegheny County Three Rivers Arts Festival , held in Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Three Rivers Regatta Three Rivers Classic , an ice hockey tournament Three Rivers Stadium ,
104-637: A core zone; a buffer zone; and a multiple-use experimental zone. Residents from degraded areas are being resettled. The core zone was supposed to be strictly managed with no grazing and measures to protect endangered species. All development and use were prohibited. It was a ‘no man's zone’, with all its residents resettled elsewhere. The buffer zone promoted conservation but allowed limited and rotational grazing . The multiple-use experimental zones were also used for scientific investigations, eco-tourism, and other green industries. The Sanjiangyuan National Park, as of 2019, consists of an area of 123,100 km , which
156-789: A junior college Three Rivers Academy , Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada, a high school Three Rivers Academy, Surrey , England, a secondary school Three Rivers Academy Sixth Form College , Surrey, England, a junior college Three Rivers School District (disambiguation) Three Rivers Community Schools , a school district in Michigan, United States Three Rivers High School (disambiguation) Three Rivers Village School , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States Other uses [ edit ] Federal Correctional Institution, Three Rivers Three Rivers Conference (disambiguation) , athletics and activities conference in multiple states Three Rivers District (VHSL) , Virginia, United States,
208-616: A locality in the Shire of Cloncurry Canada [ edit ] Trois-Rivières , a city formerly called Three Rivers Trois-Rivières (federal electoral district) , a federal electoral district in Quebec, formerly called Three Rivers Three Rivers, Prince Edward Island , an amalgamated town in eastern PEI The Three Rivers (Prince Edward Island) , the collective name for the Brudenell, Cardigan and Montague Rivers Three Rivers, New Brunswick ,
260-743: A now demolished sports facility in Pittsburgh Three Rivers Xplosion , a women's football team in Pittsburgh Three Rivers Review , a literary magazine published by the University of Pittsburgh Three Rivers Village School in Pittsburgh Geography [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] Three Rivers Station , a pastoral lease in the Mid West of Western Australia Three Rivers, Queensland ,
312-657: A river confluence Three Rivers Proper , a suburb of Vereeniging, Gauteng, South Africa Three Rivers East , a suburb of Vereeniging, Gauteng, South Africa Businesses [ edit ] Three Rivers Casino and Resort , Oregon Three Rivers Computer Corporation , a defunct corporation Three Rivers Mall , Kelso, Washington Three Rivers Press , a book publisher Education [ edit ] Three Rivers Community College (Connecticut) , Norwich, Connecticut, United States Three Rivers Community College (Missouri) , Poplar Bluff, Missouri, United States Three Rivers Academy Sixth Form College , Surrey, England,
364-508: A school sports conference Three Rivers DC v Governor of the Bank of England , a 2001 UK legal case concerning the collapse of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International The Three Rivers Regiment (12e Régiment blindé du Canada), a Canadian military unit Three Rivers Festival , Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States Three Rivers Fountain , Adelaide, South Australia Three Rivers Rambler ,
416-645: A series of locks and dams that were constructed during the early 20th century. A 24-mile-long portion of the upper river in Warren and McKean counties of Pennsylvania and Cattaraugus County in New York forms the Allegheny Reservoir , which was created by the erection of the Kinzua Dam in 1965 for flood control . The name of the river is derived from one of a number of Delaware / Unami phrases that are homophones of
468-582: A song entitled "Allegheny Lullaby" that detailed life along the Allegheny in late 20th century Rust Belt towns, the river serving as a metaphor for escape. In 2008, Katie Spotz became the first person to swim the entire 325 mi (523 km) of the Allegheny River; she was accompanied by safety kayaker, James Hendershott. The team began at the river's source in Warren, Pennsylvania on July 22 and finished at
520-493: A suburb of Vereeniging, Gauteng, South Africa Three Rivers Proper , a suburb of Vereeniging, Gauteng Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas , Yunan Province, China, within the drainage basins of the Yangtze, Mekong, and Salween Rivers Trois-Rivières (disambiguation) Tres Rios (disambiguation) 三河 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
572-742: A tourist train in Knoxville, Tennessee Three Rivers (train) , a discontinued Amtrak train Three Rivers (TV series) , an American medical drama, debuted and cancelled in 2009 Three Rivers , the working title for the 1993 film Striking Distance Three Rivers, a fictional suburb in the 1994 show My So-Called Life Three Rivers Fire , a 2021 fire in New Mexico See also [ edit ] Three Rivers and St. Maurice , former electoral district in Canada Three Rivers East ,
SECTION 10
#1732845465746624-721: A village The historical collective name for the Petitcodiac River , the Memramcook River , and the Shepody Bay in New Brunswick United Kingdom [ edit ] Three Rivers District , Hertfordshire Three Rivers Estuary, Carmarthen Bay United States [ edit ] Three Rivers, California Three Rivers, Massachusetts Three Rivers, Michigan Three Rivers, New Mexico Three Rivers Park District , Minnesota Three Rivers,
676-719: A zigzag southwesterly across the border and through Western Pennsylvania to join the Monongahela River at the Forks of the Ohio at Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers . Historically, the Allegheny was considered to be the upper Ohio River by both Native Americans and European settlers. This shallow river has been made navigable upstream from Pittsburgh to East Brady by
728-462: Is also impounded by the Kinzua Dam in northwestern Pennsylvania, resulting in the Allegheny Reservoir also known as Kinzua Lake and Lake Perfidy among the Seneca. The Seneca Pumped Storage Generating Station is associated with Kinzua Dam. Numerous bridges and tunnels span the river throughout its course. The Allegheny River Tunnel , utilized by Pittsburgh Light Rail , went into service in 2012. In
780-732: Is called Ohi:'i:o` (river beautiful) in the Seneca language . In New York, areas around the river are often named with the alternate spelling Allegany in reference to the river; for example, the Village of Allegany and Allegany State Park . Port Allegany, located along the river in Pennsylvania near the border with New York, also follows this pattern. The Allegheny River rises in north central Pennsylvania, on Cobb Hill in Allegany Township in north central Potter County , 8 miles (13 km) south of
832-529: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Allegheny River The Allegheny River ( / ˌ æ l ɪ ˈ ɡ eɪ n i / AL -ig- AY -nee ) is a 325-mile-long (523 km) tributary of the Ohio River that is located in western Pennsylvania and New York in the United States. It runs from its headwaters just below the middle of Pennsylvania's northern border, northwesterly into New York, then in
884-449: Is only slightly smaller than England. It encompasses most of the southern half of Qinghai Province. The predecessors to the zones on the SNNR map may be grazing zones which were part of the tuimu huancao , ‘converting pastures to grasslands’ program, which got its start in 2000. In this program there were three types of zones to address the problem of degraded pastures: zones in which grazing
936-494: Is referred to on the SNNR map as the ‘core zone’, the third to the ‘buffer zone’, and the fourth to the ‘experimental zone’. In the third (i.e. buffer) zone there was to be a reduction in grazing or a ban on grazing for five or ten years, and in the fourth (i.e. experimental) zone there was to be rotational grazing to capacity. Since the government also has a poverty reduction and a major project (e.g. dams) resettlement program, and plans to resettle all nomads by 2011, residents from
988-489: Is supervised elsewhere in the SNNR. In addition, residents have been resettled from core zones and other grassland areas of the SNNR, and rangeland has been fenced and is in the process of being privatized throughout the Sanjiangyuan Area. The Sanjiangyuan Area covers the southern and eastern parts of Qinghai and has an area of about 363,000 km , 50.4% of Qinghai. Included in it wholly or partially are 18 counties of
1040-434: The Allegheny Reservoir . After re-entering Pennsylvania, the river is joined from the east by Kinzua Creek 10 mi (16 km) upstream of Warren; from the north by Conewango Creek at Warren; from the west by Brokenstraw Creek ; from the east by East Hickory Creek at East Hickory; from the east by Tionesta Creek at Tionesta; from the north by Oil Creek at Oil City; from the west by French Creek at Franklin; from
1092-715: The New York–Pennsylvania border and a few miles northwest of the eastern triple divide . The stream flows south and passes under Pennsylvania Route 49 11 miles northeast of Coudersport where a historical marker that declares the start of the river is located. Cobb Hill is about a mile north. The stream flows southwest paralleling Route 49 to Coudersport. It continues west to Port Allegany then turns north into western New York, looping westward across southern Cattaraugus County for approximately 30 miles (48 km), past Portville , Olean , Allegany and Salamanca and flowing through Seneca Indian Nation lands close to
SECTION 20
#17328454657461144-491: The North Side , downtown Pittsburgh , and Point State Park . The Allegheny joins with the Monongahela River at the "Point" in downtown Pittsburgh to form the Ohio River . The river is approximately 325 mi (523 km) long, running through the U.S. states of New York and Pennsylvania . It drains a rural dissected plateau of 11,580 sq mi (30,000 km ) in the northern Allegheny Plateau , providing
1196-545: The "Point" in Downtown Pittsburgh on August 21. In 2017 the documentary Lake of Betrayal was released detailing the struggle of the Seneca Nation over the Kinzua Dam project on the Allegheny in the 1960s. Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve Along with wetland and waters protection, other ecological values, such as grassland, forest, and wildlife enhancement, have also been presented as goals. To advance
1248-449: The 3 functional subareas of the SNNR, those with protection stations, have definite boundaries. The other 15 subareas are more a plan for their final delineation. The three functional subareas are A'nimaqin , Suojia-Qumahe (2 stations, one in each Qumahe and Suojia), and Tongtian He . The SNNR is entirely in Qinghai. The following table lists the 71 townships which are wholly or partially in
1300-543: The Allegheny River is joined from the south by Potato Creek 1.7 mi (2.7 km) downstream of Coryville , Pennsylvania and from the north by Olean Creek at Olean, New York. Tunungwant "Tuna" Creek joins the river from the south in Carrollton, New York (flowing north from Bradford, Pennsylvania); the Great Valley Creek and Little Valley Creek join the river from the north at Salamanca, New York before becoming
1352-432: The Allegheny River several miles downstream from Warren. During the campaign for the 1960 United States presidential election , John F. Kennedy assured the Seneca Nation that he would oppose the dam if elected. However, he failed to follow through on his pledge upon becoming president. In 1992, 86.6 mi (139.4 km) of the Allegheny River was designated Wild and Scenic . This designation comprises three segments of
1404-508: The Allegheny River; and the small village of Kinzua , which was located at the confluence of Kinzua Creek with the Allegheny River. All residents of both villages were forced to move. Many prominent individuals opposed the construction of the dam at that time because of the damage it would do to Seneca lands, including Pennsylvania Congressman John P. Saylor of Johnstown , and Howard Zahniser , executive director of The Wilderness Society and native of Tionesta—a small settlement located along
1456-515: The English name, with varying translations. The name Allegheny probably comes from Lenape welhik hane or oolikhanna, which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'. There is a Lenape legend of a tribe called "Talligewi" who used to live along the river. Frederick Webb Hodge cited Henry Schoolcraft to connect the "Talligewi" to the Cherokee . The following account of
1508-457: The Sanjiangyuan Area. It was larger than England and Wales combined. About 200,000 people traditionally live within the area that was covered by the SNNR. Resettlement efforts were made to resettle all nomads in Qinghai by 2011, but it is unclear as to the outcome of those efforts. The State Forestry Administration and the Qinghai government legally established the SNNR in May 2000. Its Management Bureau
1560-473: The actual standard of living in a largely non-cash economy. The Sanjiangyuan Area in general has no special legal status, and the term is used to indicate the region in which the three rivers arise, and the Sanjiangyuan National Park exists. The Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve (SNNR) was a subarea of the Sanjiangyuan Area which covered an area of about 152,300 km , 21% of Qinghai, 42% of
1612-497: The buffer and the experimental zones may be resettled under these programs rather than the ecological resettlement program. The absolute and relative sizes, and the populations before resettlement, of the zones are: The boundaries and characters of the zones are likely open to negotiation. For example, the Canadian mining company Inter-Citic's Dachang gold prospect is in either a buffer or experimental zone (or both). In addition, only
Three Rivers - Misplaced Pages Continue
1664-583: The completion of the federally sponsored Kinzua Dam for flood -control in northwestern Pennsylvania east of Warren created the long Allegheny Reservoir , known as Lake Perfidy among the Seneca, part of which is included in the Allegheny National Recreation Area . The dam flooded parts of lands deeded "forever" to the Seneca Nation of Indians by the 1794 Treaty of Canandaigua , and lands given to Cornplanter and his descendants. The event
1716-542: The confluence of the Monongahela River and Allegheny form the Ohio River at downtown Pittsburgh. Many additional streams enter or join with the Allegheny River along its course. Several locks were built in the early 20th century to make the Allegheny River navigable for 72 miles upstream from Pittsburgh to East Brady . The Allegheny River has eight locks and fixed-crest dams numbered two through nine: Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 which form corresponding reservoirs. The river
1768-569: The east by the Clarion River , a principal tributary, at Parker; from the east by Crooked Creek southeast of Kittanning; and from the east by the Kiskiminetas River , another principal tributary, at Schenley. Buffalo Creek enters at Freeport, Chartiers Run enters at Lower Burrell, Bull Creek enters at Tarentum, Pucketa Creek enters near New Kensington, Riddle Run enters at Springdale, and Girtys Run enters at Millvale. And finally,
1820-630: The expansion of Anglo-American settlement into the Allegheny Valley and the surrounding Ohio Country was a primary cause of the French and Indian War in the 1750s. During the war, the village of Kittanning – the principal Shawnee settlement on the river – was completely destroyed during the Kittanning Expedition , which saw 300 provincial troops from the Province of Pennsylvania brutally attack
1872-474: The four Tibetan Autonomous Prefectures Yushu, Guoluo, Hainan, and Huangnan, and Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. The Sanjiangyuan Area's population is about 600,000, 90% of which are Tibetan. 70% of the Sanjiangyuan Area's population are considered to be ‘impoverished’, with the average income of about 2000 RMB (roughly $ 300) per person/year. Since animal husbandry is the primary source of income, and many people are nomadic, this figure does not reflect
1924-399: The goals of the SNNR uncontrolled or poorly managed mining, logging, hunting, and grazing have been curtailed. Foreign and other mining firms have replaced the uncontrolled miners, trees have been planted, and measures have been taken to protect endangered species. To protect the grasslands, pastoralists are not permitted to graze their animals in designated ‘core zones’ (see below), and grazing
1976-584: The latter half of the 17th century, control of the river valley passed back-and-forth between Algonquian -speaking Shawnee and the Iroquois . By the time of the arrival of French colonialists in the early 18th century, the Shawnee were once again in control and formed an alliance with France against attempts by colonists from British North America to settler across the Allegheny Mountains . The conflict over
2028-603: The northeasternmost drainage in the watershed of the Mississippi River. Its tributaries reach to within 8 mi (13 km) of Lake Erie in southwestern New York. Water from the Allegheny River eventually flows into the Gulf of Mexico via the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The Allegheny Valley has been one of the most productive areas of fossil fuel extraction in United States history, with its extensive deposits of coal , petroleum , and natural gas . In its upper reaches,
2080-420: The northern boundary of Allegany State Park before re-entering northwestern Pennsylvania within the Allegheny Reservoir just east of the Warren - McKean county line, approx. 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Warren . It flows in a broad zigzag course generally southwest across Western Pennsylvania ; first flowing southwest past Warren, Tidioute , Tionesta , Oil City , and Franklin , forming much of
2132-464: The northwestern boundary of Allegheny National Forest . South of Franklin it turns southeast across Clarion County in a meandering course, then turns again southwest across Armstrong County , flowing past Kittanning , Ford City , Clinton , and Freeport . The river enters both Allegheny and Westmoreland counties, the Pittsburgh suburbs , and the City of Pittsburgh from the northeast. It passes
Three Rivers - Misplaced Pages Continue
2184-570: The origin of the name Allegheny was given in 1780 by Moravian missionary David Zeisberger : "All this land and region, stretching as far as the creeks and waters that flow into the Alleghene the Delawares called Alligewinenk, which means 'a land into which they came from distant parts'. The river itself, however, is called Alligewi Sipo. The whites have made Alleghene out of this, the Six Nations calling
2236-563: The region surrounding Muskogee, Oklahoma Three Rivers (Oregon) , a river Three Rivers, Oregon , a census-designated place Three Rivers, Texas Three Rivers Petroglyph Site , a state park in New Mexico Elsewhere [ edit ] Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve or Three Rivers Nature Reserve, Qinghai province, China, containing the headwaters of the Yellow, Yangtze, and Mekong Rivers Kiso Three Rivers , Japan,
2288-552: The river at Titusville . One of the underlying premises of the Genesee Valley Canal was its connection to the river, opening a trade route from Rochester , New York to the west. The advent of the railroads obviated any interest Pennsylvania might have had in participating to improve navigation on the river. The canal was closed in 1877 and the right-of-way sold to the Genesee Valley Canal Railroad . In 1965,
2340-418: The river became a principal means of navigation in the upper Ohio valley, especially for the transport of coal. Although the building of the railroads lessened the importance of the river somewhat, the lower river (navigable as far as East Brady , Pennsylvania through locks) has continued to serve as a route of commercial transportation until the present day. In 1859, the first U.S. petroleum was drilled north of
2392-483: The river located in Warren , Forest , and Venango counties. Depression-era folk singer Buster Red recorded "Allegheny River", wherein the river is a destructive force throughout life, but not necessarily a malignant one. Folksinger Pete Seeger's song "Where the Old Allegheny and Monongahela Flow", depicts a character living in a city pining for a return to the Allegheny River. Old Crow Medicine Show released
2444-513: The river the Ohio." The Delaware Tribe of Indians gives the Lenape name as Alikehane , "river where footprints can be seen." Native Americans, including the Lenape and Iroquois , considered the Allegheny and Ohio rivers as the same, as is suggested by a New York State road sign on Interstate 86 that refers to the Allegheny River also as Ohiːyo' . The Geographic Names Information System lists O-hee-yo and O-hi-o as variant names. The river
2496-591: The settlement. After gaining control of the area in the 1763 Treaty of Paris , the British kept the area closed to Anglo-American colonists, in part to repair and maintain relations with the Native Americans. After the American Revolutionary War , the entire river valley became part of the new United States , and U.S. settlers forcibly displaced the region's indigenous population. During the 19th century,
2548-420: The title Three Rivers . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Three_Rivers&oldid=1250117779 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Educational institution disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
2600-665: Was described in the Johnny Cash song "As Long as the Grass Shall Grow" from the 1964 album Bitter Tears: Ballads of the American Indian , which focused on the history of and problems facing Native Americans in the United States. The construction of the dam and the filling of the Allegheny Reservoir also necessitated the elimination of the small village of Corydon , which was located at the confluence of Willow Creek with
2652-884: Was founded September 2001, and the SNNR obtained State-level (national) status January 2003. The Management Bureau is in Xining , and is under the Qinghai Forest Bureau. Mr. Wang Zhibao, Director of the State Forest Administration, has said the goals of the nature reserve protect the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem, with a focus on alpine swamp meadow and the natural habitat of wildlife in the Sanjiangyuan Area. The SNNR consisted of 18 subareas. These are of three types: wetland conservation (8 subareas), wildlife conservation (3 subareas), and shrubland or forest conservation (7 subareas). Each SNNR subarea had three zones:
SECTION 50
#17328454657462704-463: Was permanently banned, zones in which grazing was to be banned for typically three to ten years, and zones which were seasonally closed to grazing or allowed seasonal rotational grazing. The implementation of four kinds of zones in Yushu and Guoluo prefectures also seem to provide a precedent, if these are not the SNNR map's zones themselves described differently. The first two of these zones correspond to what
#745254