A holiday is a day or other period of time set aside for festivals or recreation. Public holidays are set by public authorities and vary by state or region. Religious holidays are set by religious organisations for their members and are often also observed as public holidays in religious majority countries. Some religious holidays, such as Christmas, have become secularised by part or all of those who observe them. In addition to secularisation, many holidays have become commercialised due to the growth of industry.
105-444: Republic Day is the name of a holiday in several countries to commemorate the day when they became republics . The day of creation of Slovak republic. A national holiday since 1993. Officially called The day of establishment of Slovak republic . After Yugoslavia fell apart, Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina wanted to stay with Serbia and Montenegro . Croats and Bosniaks , on
210-692: A Prussian Army officer who served in the Continental Army . During the winter quarters in Valley Forge , Pennsylvania, von Steuben taught a model company of 100 soldiers musket drill. These soldiers, in turn, taught the remainder of the Continental Army. The oldest, largest and most famous regular military parade in Europe is the Bastille Day Military Parade which is held each 14 July, on
315-507: A military parade to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the victory over Japan . This was the first time China held a military parade for an event other than its National Day. In 2017, the 90th anniversary since the Nanchang Uprising and the beginning of the People's Liberation Army was marked by a military parade , the first time ever that a military parade had been held in its honor and
420-605: A public holiday in Kazakhstan . On 29 October 1923, the Turkish constitution was amended and Turkey became a republic . This formally declared the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire . Republic Day ( Turkish : Cumhuriyet Bayramı ) is celebrated throughout Turkey and Northern Cyprus every year. Commemorative events usually begin in the afternoon on the previous day. In observance of the holiday, government offices and schools close for
525-459: A weekend day a substitute holiday may be recognised in lieu. In the United Kingdom the government website states that "If a bank holiday is on a weekend, a 'substitute' weekday becomes a bank holiday, normally the following Monday.", and the list of bank holidays for the year 2020 includes Monday 28 December as " Boxing Day (substitute day)", as 26 December is a Saturday. The process of moving
630-537: A Pirate Day is observed on September 19, and Blasphemy Day is held on September 30. Other examples are April Fools' Day on April 1 and World No Tobacco Day on May 31. Various community organizers and marketers promote odd social media holidays . In the United States, holidays have been drawn into a culture of consumption since the late 19th century. Many civic, religious and folk festivals have been commercialised . As such, traditions have been reshaped to serve
735-584: A consequence. On the last Republic Day, in 1994, South Africa rejoined the Commonwealth of Nations . An institutional referendum ( Italian : referendum istituzionale , or referendum sulla forma istituzionale dello Stato ) was held by universal suffrage in the Kingdom of Italy on 2 June 1946, a key event of contemporary Italian history . Until 1946, Italy was a kingdom ruled by the House of Savoy , reigning since
840-470: A day. Also, there are fireworks shows in all cities of Turkey.That day everyone commemorates Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. On 11 November 1968, Maldives the then existing monarchy was abolished and replaced by a republic. On 15 November 1889, in the city of Rio de Janeiro (the Brazilian capital at that time), a military coup led by Field Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca overthrew Emperor Pedro II and declared Brazil
945-592: A deliberate act: The 26 January was initially India's "Independence Day", one of Mahatma Gandhi's many symbolic acts during India's struggle for freedom against British colonial rule, and the adoption of the Constitution on this date was felt able to strengthen its initial meaning, one calling for Indians of all ages to declare their freedom from the British Raj by Mahatama Gandhi. It is one of three national holidays in India,
1050-555: A holiday from a weekend day to the following Monday is known as Mondayisation in New Zealand. National days are days of significance to a nation or nation state. National days are typically celebratory of a state's independence (e.g. 4 July in the US ), founding or unification (e.g. German Unity Day ), the commemoration of a revolution (e.g. Bastille Day in France) or liberation (e.g. 9 May in
1155-599: A mix between those of France, the United Kingdom, and particularly Germany, given the fact that Imperial German Army officers trained the army and navy in the mid-1890s in the Prussian-German traditions of military parades that are continued until today. Currently, the Chilean Armed Forces and the Carabineros de Chile hold public parades in front of state leaders and the public on Local level parades are marked on
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#17328443614681260-493: A peace accord and the ensuing elections for the constituent assembly voted overwhelmingly in favor of the abdication of the last Nepali monarch Gyanendra Shah and the establishment of a federal democratic republic on 28 May 2008. Between 1961 and 1994, 31 May was celebrated in South Africa as Republic Day . This practice was discontinued in 1995 following the attainment of majority rule and the reorganisation of public holidays as
1365-529: A popular referendum on the institutional form of the state was called the next year and resulted in voters choosing the replacement of the monarchy with a republic . The 1946 Italian general election to elect the Constituent Assembly of Italy was held on the same day. As with the simultaneous Constituent Assembly elections, the referendum was not held in the Julian March , in the province of Zara or
1470-590: A republic. On 29 November 1943 the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ) established the foundations of post-war Yugoslavia as a socialist republic , which was officially proclaimed on the same date in 1945. Republic Day (local name: Dan Republike or Дан Републике) marked the occasion two consecutive days, 29 and 30 November, and was likely the most important holiday (the other two-day holidays were New Year and May Day ). In elementary schools first graders were inducted into
1575-689: A small parade within their garrison or other parade ground. The annual military parade in the French capital of Paris is held on July 14 during the Bastille Day holiday. It is currently the oldest and largest military parade on the European continent. It is held on the Champs-Élysées and passes from l' Arc de Triomphe to Place de la Concorde . Bastille Day parades are also held in smaller garrison towns such as Toulon and Belfort . The 1st Infantry Regiment of
1680-441: A song entitled Dan Republike , in which they criticized the state of the economy and protested the general indifference to the ideals behind the holiday. The band had to change some of the lyrics before being allowed to air the song. In 1989, Slovenia and Croatia were the first federal republics to cease observing the holiday. Other seceded republics followed suit as Yugoslavia dissolved . Federal Republic of Yugoslavia kept
1785-525: A tradition in some non-Christian countries. For many Japanese people , it has become customary to buy and eat fried chicken on Christmas. Recently invented holidays commemorate a range of modern social and political issues and other important topics. The United Nations publishes a list of International Days and Weeks. One such day is International Women's Day on 8 March, which celebrates women's achievements and campaigns for gender equality and women's rights. Earth Day has been celebrated by people across
1890-1212: Is a lesser Sabbat of the wheel of the year. Some are closely linked to Swedish festivities . The Baháʼí Faith observes 11 annual holidays on dates determined using the Baháʼí calendar . Jews have two holiday seasons: the Spring Feasts of Pesach (Passover) and Shavuot (Weeks, called Pentecost in Greek); and the Fall Feasts of Rosh Hashanah (Head of the Year), Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), Sukkot (Tabernacles), and Shemini Atzeret (Eighth Day of Assembly). Some religious holidays are also celebrated by many as secular holidays. For example, 61% of Brits celebrate Christmas in an entirely secular way. 81% of non-Christian Americans also celebrate Christmas. A 2019 Gallup poll found that two-thirds of Americans still celebrate an at least somewhat religious Christmas. The claimed over-secularisation of particular holidays has caused controversy and claims of censorship of religion or political correctness . For example, in
1995-432: Is an important part of military education and training to instill pride and discipline among personnel. In ancient times, drilling increased in importance when men stopped fighting as individuals and began to fight together as units. Drilling as a vital component of a war machine further increased with the increases in the size of armies, for example, when Philip II of Macedon disciplined his army so they could swiftly form
2100-698: Is at Marsa . 18 December 1958 is commemorated in the Republic of Niger as Republic Day , the national holiday. Although not the date of formal, complete independence from France , 18 December marks the founding of the Republic and creation of the Presidency of the Republic of Niger , following the constitutional changes of the French Fifth Republic , and the elections of 4 December 1958 held across The French Colonial possessions . Nigeriens consider this date to be
2205-609: Is recognised in World War I Allied nations (and across the Commonwealth ) to memoralise those lost in the World Wars. National leaders will typically attend remembrance ceremonies at national memorial sites. Maybe surprisingly, World War II Armistice Day (and victory against Nazism ) day, on 8 May, is much less celebrated. Many holidays are linked to faiths and religions (see etymology above). Christian holidays are defined as part of
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#17328443614682310-462: Is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drilling or marching . Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around the world. Massed parades may also hold a role for propaganda purposes, being used to exhibit the apparent military strength of a country. A military parade is a formation of soldiers whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drilling or marching. The terminology comes from
2415-488: Is the Lunar New Year , which is celebrated across East Asia and South East Asia. Many other days are marked to celebrate events or people, but are not strictly holidays as time off work is rarely given; examples include Arbor Day (originally U.S.), Labor Day (celebrated sometimes under different names and on different days in different countries), and Earth Day (22 April). If a holiday coincides with another holiday or
2520-472: Is the first implication detailed that this article is concerned with. Modern use varies geographically. In North America, it means any dedicated day or period of celebration. In the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, holiday is often used instead of the word vacation . The celebration of the New Year has been a common holiday across cultures for at least four millennia. Such holidays normally celebrate
2625-849: Is used exclusively to refer to the nationally, religiously, or culturally observed day(s) of rest or celebration or the events themselves, whereas in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth nations , the word may refer to the period of time where leave from one's duties has been agreed upon and is used as a synonym for the US preferred vacation . This time is usually set aside for rest, travel, or participation in recreational activities, with entire industries targeted to coincide with or enhance these experiences. The days of leave may not coincide with any specific customs or laws. Employers and educational institutes may designate 'holidays' themselves, which may or may not overlap nationally or culturally relevant dates, which again comes under this connotation, but it
2730-596: The Albanian Armed Forces are held on Albanian Flag Day and Constitution Day on 28 November. One of the more notable modern military parades was held on the 100th Anniversary of the Independence of Albania , in which a special unit of 65 soldiers from the Kosovo Security Force , as well as other foreign contingents, participated. The other took place on 4 December 2007 in honor of the 95th anniversary of
2835-632: The Albanian Armed Forces . Argentina's long history of military parades are a heritage inherited from the times of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata, with influences from Germany, France, Britain, and Italy. Today the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic , together with the paramilitary Argentine National Gendarmerie and Argentine Naval Prefecture hosts massive military parades featuring armed companies, cadets, and military bands on
2940-672: The Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic , to use the Prussian tradition, something that had been dropped by their West German counterparts in the 1950s. In the GDR, parades were held on the following occasions: The first parade took place on 1 May 1956 in the presence of President Wilhelm Pieck . In the 1960s and early 1970s, parades took place on the western half of the Palace of
3045-747: The Brigade of Gurkhas and the following: Within Canada, the now tri-service Ceremonial Guard performs the marchpast for senior dignitaries of the Canadian Armed Forces during change of command ceremonies and state arrival ceremonies, typically held in Ottawa , the national capital. The two Primary Reserve Canadian Army regiments that typically provide personnel for the guard, the Governor General's Foot Guards and The Canadian Grenadier Guards , together with
3150-595: The Canadian Cadet Organizations and military veterans also parade during national holidays such as Remembrance Day , Victoria Day , Canada Day or Canadian Forces Day , as well as during parades celebrating anniversaries of regiments, brigade groups or wings, and divisional level formations and passing out parades of the Royal Military College of Canada , Royal Military College Saint-Jean and recruit training bases, as well as in local holidays in
3255-590: The Champs-Élysées in Paris , during France's national day celebrations. A military drill is memorizing certain actions through repetition until the action is instinctive to the soldiers being drilled. Complex actions are broken down into simpler ones which can be practiced in isolation so when the whole is put together the desired results are achieved. Such is necessary for a fighting force to perform at maximum efficiency in all manner of situations. However, depending on
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3360-697: The Czechoslovakian national anthem . The last of these parades took place in 1985. Both the Armed Forces of Ecuador and the National Police of Ecuador hold important national parades to celebrate the anniversaries of national independence as well as of the Armed Forces and Police. National level parades are held on the following days: Local military and police parades are held on major city and provincial anniversaries as well as on township foundation days. The parade traditions of Finland can be traced to
3465-701: The Democratic Republic of Armenia and the Nepal Democratic Republic . These were the first sovereign republics in the history of both countries and Nepal was the first democratic parliamentary republic only achieved consistency after the dissolution of the Soviet Union . A decade-long People's Revolution by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) along with several weeks of mass protests by all major political parties of Nepal in 2006, culminated in
3570-745: The French Republican Guard regularly performs ceremonial marchpasts in is role as the guard of honour for the president of the French Republic . Like the British, many French units have the ability to march in quick time, while only one – the French Foreign Legion – marches uniquely in slow time, while another unit of the armed forces marches in very quick time and that is of the Army's Chasseurs , especially its Chasseurs alpins . In addition to
3675-802: The Governor General's Horse Guards and guard of honour detachments from both the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal Canadian Air Force take part in these events. In addition, the CG and optionally both the GGHG and the CGG take part in military parades such as the more common Trooping the Colour , also in Ottawa and special parades during the jubilee years of the monarch or of a national foundation. The CAF personnel, as well as
3780-498: The Police of Finland all host parades held every year on the following dates: The national parades are held in a host city selected for the year, and may include local military and police formations. Helsinki hosts the June 4 flag day parade every fifth year; 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017, 2022, 2027, and so on. On the day of swearing their military oath , Finnish conscripts typically march in
3885-557: The South China Sea in 2018 and a parade for the platinum jubilee of the People's Liberation Army Navy being held in early 2019. Smaller scale parades are also periodically held in Hong Kong , Macau , Tibet and Xinjiang . Every year on 10 March ( Tibetan Uprising Day ), a military parade in Lhasa to mark the anniversary of the 1959 Tibetan rebellion . The first military parades in
3990-615: The Soviet Union , attended. The diamond jubilee parade planned for 2016 was postponed for 1 month due to the death and state funeral of Fidel Castro , and took place during the Victory Day celebrations on 2 January 2017. Large military parades in the Czech Republic are today held every 10 years in the capital of Prague , encompassing personnel from the Czech Army and the Police of
4095-537: The Union of Pioneers on or around Republic Day. Employees merged the holiday with weekends and extra days off to form 3-, 4- or even 5-day weekends. Urban dwellers took the occasion to visit their relatives in the country, who marked the event with pig slaughter and the ensuing feast. In the 1980s, as central and Communist Party authority eroded, dissenters targeted Republic Day celebrations for criticism. In 1987, Bosnian garage rock band Zabranjeno pušenje published
4200-581: The Wuchang uprising . It is also known as the Double Ten Day . Although the government of Ian Smith declared Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe ) a republic on 2 March 1970, it was officially commemorated on 24 October. Following independence in 1980, the holiday was abolished. In the waning days of Soviet rule, individual republics of the Soviet Union sought greater autonomy. The Soviet Union agreed in early 1990 to give up its monopoly of political power. Following
4305-576: The liturgical year , the chief ones being Easter and Christmas . The Orthodox Christian and Western-Roman Catholic patronal feast day or "name day" are celebrated in each place's patron saint's day, according to the Calendar of saints . Jehovah's Witnesses annually commemorate "The Memorial of Jesus Christ's Death", but do not celebrate other holidays with any religious significance such as Easter, Christmas or New Year. This holds especially true for those holidays that have combined and absorbed rituals, overtones or practices from non-Christian beliefs into
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4410-412: The phalanxes that were so critical to his successes as a general. Military drilling later was used by the Roman Army to maximise efficiency and deadliness throughout their long history. Modern armies use parades for ceremonial purposes, encouragement and show of discipline and to instill confidence in the country's military forces. The U.S. drill is based on the contributions of Baron von Steuben ,
4515-411: The proclamation of the People's Republic of China by Chairman Mao Zedong on 1 October 1949. Originally celebrated annually, the parade was suspended in 1960, before returning in 1984 to mark the 35th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China . It is now held to mark every tenth anniversary, starting in 1999. Parades were also held in 1964, 1966, 1969 and 1970. In 2015, China held
4620-434: The province of Bolzano , which were still under occupation by Allied forces pending a final settlement of the status of the territories. The results were proclaimed by the Supreme Court of Cassation on 10 June 1946: 12,717,923 citizens in favor of the republic and 10,719,284 citizens in favor of the monarchy. The event is commemorated annually by the Festa della Repubblica . The former King Umberto II voluntarily left
4725-416: The unification of Italy in 1861 and previously rulers of the Kingdom of Sardinia . In 1922, the rise of Benito Mussolini and the creation of the Fascist regime in Italy , which eventually resulted in engaging the country in World War II alongside Nazi Germany , considerably weakened the role of the royal house. Following the Italian Civil War and the Liberation of Italy from Axis troops in 1945,
4830-455: The 1990s, Birmingham City Council promoted a series of events in the Christmas season under the brand Winterval to create a more multi-cultural atmosphere about the seasonal festivities. The Bishop of Birmingham responded to the events, saying "the secular world, which expresses respect for all, is actually embarrassed by faith. Or perhaps it is Christianity which is censored". In the United States, conservative commentators have characterised
4935-442: The 50th and 70th anniversaries, respectively, of both the Allied victory in the Second World War and the conclusion of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Both the Military Forces of Colombia and the National Police of Colombia hold important national parades to celebrate the anniversary of national independence as well as of the Armed Forces. Such parades are a mix of the Spanish, German, French, American and British influences owing to
5040-443: The Armed Forces (including the National Guard) and the occasional participation of its veterans, the following take part in the national parade: Local parades are held on the following days: Germany has had a long tradition of military parades dating back to the days of Kingdom of Prussia and its army and navy. It was the Prussians who invented the goose step , a style of marching that was used in many German armies as well as in
5145-424: The Channel Islands ), or the feast day for a patron saint (e.g. St Patrick's Day in Ireland) or ruler (e.g. 5 December in Thailand). Belgium's national day, on the 21st of July, commemorates the oath of office of the first King of the Belgians (an uncle of the then-future Queen Victoria ), i.e., so to say, the day Belgium became a kingdom by ending the initial interregnum . Every country other than Denmark and
5250-564: The Commonwealth, and it is without any doubt that the British Armed Forces helped develop the parade and ceremonial traditions of the nation, which are today held in high esteem by the country's uniformed organizations combined with later Malaysian influence. Today, the Royal Brunei Armed Forces and the Royal Brunei Police Force host public parades on the following dates: Extraordinary parades are held on Accession Day, 27 October. Parades held on February 23 and July 15 also feature service personnel of British Forces Brunei including elements of
5355-439: The Czech Republic . The first of these parades occurred in 2008 in honor of the founding of Czechoslovakia on 28 October 1918. Another one took place in 2018 and included foreign troops. Prior to 1918, military parades followed the tradition of their larger sovereign entity, including the military tradition of Austria-Hungary . Regular military parades were held during the period of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic , with
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#17328443614685460-503: The Gregorian calendar except Israel . Christmas is a popular holiday globally due to the spread of Christianity . The holiday is recognised as a public holiday in many countries in Europe, the Americas, Africa and Australasia and is celebrated by over 2 billion people. Although a holiday with religious origins, Christmas is often celebrated by non-Christians as a secular holiday. For example, 61% of British people celebrate Christmas in an entirely secular way. Christmas has also become
5565-512: The HKSAR and the MSAR took place on their first and fifth anniversaries in 1998 and 2004 respectively. In the Republic of China (Taiwan) , the Republic of China Armed Forces held its national parades in Taipei from 1949 until 1991 during the Double Ten Day celebrations. This practice was abandoned in 1991 though parades were recently held every five years beginning in 2011 during the Xinhai Revolution centenary and again in 2016. Special parades were held outside Taipei in 1995 and 2015 marking
5670-399: The Republic , which was intended as a military parade ground, even though tremors from the heavy vehicles proved dangerous due to the glass facade. By 1979, the western half was used mainly as a parking lot and military parades were moved to Karl-Marx-Allee in central Berlin. A special parade was held on 13 August 1986 to mark the silver jubilee since construction on the Berlin Wall began, and
5775-415: The Swedish period, and later on during Russian administration, wherein the local formations adopted a few of the Russian parade traditions in tandem with the Swedish tradition and local practices. Today both the Finnish Defence Forces , together with its reserves the Territorial Forces companies of Finnish regions, the National Defence Training Association of Finland , the Finnish Border Guard and some of
5880-460: The United Kingdom observes a national day. In the UK, constituent countries have official or unofficial national days associated with their patron saint. A British national day has often been proposed, such as the date of the Acts of Union 1707 (1 May) or the King's Official Birthday , but never adopted. Other days of national importance exist, such as one to celebrate the country's military or veterans . For example, Armistice Day (11 November)
5985-402: The anniversary of the state's creation. The Constitution of India came into force, and India declared itself a Republic on 26 January 1950, a day thereafter celebrated annually as Republic Day in India . The Constitution had been drafted by the Constituent Assembly headed by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar which was set up when India gained its independence from the British in 1947. This, in fact, was
6090-417: The armed forces, a tradition carried over from Portugal, Turkey and Uruguay. Today major parades by the Armed Forces and its veterans are held on the following occasions: Alongside the armed forces the following uniformed organizations, together with representatives from educational institutions and athletes, also participate in every parade: The Bruneian parade tradition shares in the general traditions of
6195-463: The armed forces, who together with the SS and the SA, as well as the other Nazi party uniformed organizations, formed part of the parades in the mid-1930s. The first major parades took place in Nuremberg in September 1938 and Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday in April 1939. In the months Immediately after the German invasion of Poland , a joint German–Soviet military parade took place in Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus ). In Allied-occupied Germany ,
6300-495: The army and the drills it adopts, drilling may destroy flexibility and initiative in exchange for predictability and cohesion. Recruits in most modern militaries are taught drill to teach them how to work and move as a team. In addition, formations are still used in riot control , where mêlée combat is still the norm. Drill is today used to demonstrate discipline and cohesion in a modern military force. Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around
6405-422: The awarding of honours at the Presidency (Presidential Palace) by the president . Every year, on 23 March, the Pakistani people commemorate their National Day in remembrance of "The Pakistan Resolution" passed on 23 March 1940, in the historic city of Lahore which is also the day the country was declared a republic. On 28 May 1918 Armenia and Nepal Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic , thus forming
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#17328443614686510-464: The celebration, as well as those holidays that distract from or replace the worship of Jehovah. In Islam , the largest holidays are Eid al-Fitr (immediately after Ramadan ) and Eid al-Adha (at the end of the Hajj ). Ahmadi Muslims additionally celebrate Promised Messiah Day , Promised Reformer Day , and Khilafat Day , but contrary to popular belief, neither are regarded as holidays. Hindus , Jains and Sikhs observe several holidays, one of
6615-399: The city-state military forces of Bremen and Hamburg. In Bavaria, a mix of the Prussian and Austrian practice in tandem with its local traditions was kept. During the Nazi era , military parades were commonplace as they were held as a sort of victory parade for the German Wehrmacht as they invaded countries before and during the Second World War, as well as an expression of national pride in
6720-403: The commemoration of the ending of World War II , or the Shoah , can also be part of the reparation obligation as per UN General Assembly Resolution 60/147 Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law. Another example of a major secular holiday
6825-403: The country on 13 June 1946, headed for Cascais , in southern Portugal , without even waiting for the results to be defined and the ruling on the appeals presented by the monarchist party, which were rejected by the Supreme Court of Cassation on 18 June 1946. With the entry into force of the new Constitution of the Italian Republic , on 1 January 1948, Enrico De Nicola became the first to assume
6930-425: The cultural heritage of India. It traditionally ends with a colourful flypast by Indian Air Force jets in a tiranga formation. Similar parades are held in the capitals of all the states of India , where the Governors of the respective states take the salute. The official conclusion of republic day festivities is much later on 30 January, four days after the Republic day. On 1 February 1946 Hungary commemorates
7035-432: The era of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania , Liberation Day , which then the main national holiday, was celebrated with a military parade of the Albanian People's Army on Tirana 's Dëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard . These parades have been held in 1954, 1959, 1964, 1974, 1984 and 1989. They usually consist of veterans, schoolchildren , militiamen alongside regular force personnel. Today, military parades of
7140-401: The fact Transnistria declared independence from the USSR completely 11 months later on the 25th. 5 October in Portugal is known as Implantação da República . It celebrates the proclamation of the Portuguese First Republic in 1910. 10 October in Taiwan is a national holiday commemorating the establishment of the Republic of China in 1911, the symbolic start of the Chinese revolution with
7245-404: The first parades being organized in the 1950s. The first parade of the Czechoslovak People's Army (ČSLA) took place in 1951 in Letná . Since then, parades were held every five years on 9 May to mark the end of World War II and the liberation of Czechoslovakia . To honor the latter's celebrations, the State Anthem of the Soviet Union would be performed by the massed bands on parade preceded by
7350-416: The first time it was held outside of the capital, having been held at Zhurihe Training Base in Inner Mongolia under the direction of General Han Weiguo of the Central Theater Command . This was also the first field parade to take place since September 1981 when a parade consisting of troops participated in an exercise in Zhangjiakou in the presence of Deng Xiaoping to commemorate Deng's assumption to
7455-422: The following days (national events unless otherwise noted): As both Commonwealth realms, Australia and New Zealand share the customs and traditions of parades of the British Armed Forces. The friendship and cooperation of the defence services of both countries can be seen in the annual Anzac Day parades every 25 April, in memory of the namesake Australian and New Zealand Army Corps , which was heavily involved in
7560-570: The following days aside from 21 May: The first military parade on the Chinese mainland can be dated to over 4,000 years ago, when Yu the Great , a legendary ruler in ancient China , hosted a gathering of tribal forces from northern and southern China. The People's Republic of China holds extraordinary military parades in Beijing to celebrate National Day . The first parade of this nature took place right after
7665-548: The former British Indian Army, whose drills were similar to those in the rest of the Commonwealth. Today the Armed Forces, together with Border Guards Bangladesh , the Bangladesh Police , Bangladesh Jail , Bangladesh Ansar , Bangladesh Fire Service & Civil Defence and the youth cadets under the Bangladesh National Cadet Corps , marches on ceremonial parades held on the following occasions: Uniquely,
7770-573: The founding of their nation. Between 18 December 1958 and 5 August 1964, Niger remained a semi-autonomous Republic within the French Community . The 16th is celebrated in Niger with official festivals and appearances of political leaders, as well as public parties and festivities. The 50th anniversary celebrations were held in 2006, centered not in the capitol, but in the regional center of Tillabéry , and surrounded by sports, musical and arts competitions,
7875-570: The functions of president of Italy . It was the first time that the whole Italian Peninsula (excluding Vatican City ) was under a form of republican governance since the end of the ancient Roman Republic . Ghana's republican day. 4 July 1946 is the Philippines' Republic Day . 14 July 1958 is the day the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown in Iraq by popular forces led by Abdul Karim Kassem , who became
7980-899: The historic Red Fort in the old quarter of the city. Different infantry, cavalry and mechanized regiments of the Indian Army , the Indian Marines and the Indian Air Force march in formation, decked in all their finery and official decorations. The President of India , who is also the Commander in Chief of the Indian Armed Forces, takes the salute. The Chief Guest of the parade is the Head of State or Head of Government of another nation. The parade also includes many traditional dance troupes, to symbolize
8085-472: The holiday until 2002. The date "29.XI.1943" featured prominently on the Yugoslav coat of arms . This day is celebrated as both Independence Day and Republic Day, as on 30 November 2021, Barbados was declared as a Republic within the Commonwealth . Dame Sandra Mason , the last Governor-General of Barbados was installed as the first President of Barbados . On 13 December 1974, the constitution of Malta
8190-505: The largest being Diwali (Festival of Light). Japanese holidays as well as few Catholic holidays contain heavy references to several different faiths and beliefs. Celtic, Norse, and Neopagan holidays follow the order of the Wheel of the Year . For example, Christmas ideas like decorating trees and colors (green, red, and white) have very similar ideas to modern Wicca (a modern Pagan belief) Yule which
8295-476: The last day of a year and the arrival of the next year in a calendar system. In modern cultures using the Gregorian calendar, the New Year's celebration spans New Year's Eve on 31 December and New Year's Day on 1 January. However, other calendar systems also have New Year's celebration, such as Chinese New Year and Vietnamese Tet . New Year's Day is the most common public holiday, observed by all countries using
8400-480: The latter event and over time, importance was transferred to Armed Forces Day in relation to military parades. In 2011, a special honor parade was held on April 16 to commemorate the golden jubilee since the 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion . The largest parade to be held took place in December 1986 in honor of the 30th anniversary of the revolution, in which General Humberto Ortega from Nicaragua , as well as officials from
8505-510: The lead of Lithuanian SSR , Russian SFSR and others, Kazakh SSR declared its sovereignty on 25 October 1990, and Kazakhstan subsequently became independent on 16 December 1991 as the Soviet Union collapsed. 25 October, the anniversary of the adoption of the "Declaration on State Sovereignty of Kazakh SSR" by the Kazakh legislature in 1990, is now commemorated as Republic Day ( Kazakh : Республика күні , romanized : Respwblïka küni ),
8610-616: The long Battle of Gallipoli and were the first Allied forces to land there on that day in 1915. On this day, in many major cities in these two countries, parades are held involving personnel of both the Australian Defence Force and the New Zealand Defence Force , veterans' organizations, cadet organizations, and other youth uniformed groups and personnel of the police and fire services, as well as students of schools and universities honoring many of their fallen alumni of
8715-584: The long campaign. Parades are also held jointly in these two countries on 11 November, Remembrance Day. Aside from these two days, the schedule of annual military and civil parades held in these two countries is as follows: The Bangladesh Armed Forces parade tradition was inherited from both the Pakistan and British Armed Forces as its first infantry unit, the East Bengal Regiment , was raised in then East Pakistan 1948 from Bengali servicemen who served in
8820-653: The long history of the country's military and police forces. National level parades are held on: Local level parades by the personnel and veterans of the armed forces and police are held on the following: The Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces generally holds military parades in honor of the Day of the Cuban Armed Forces and the Triumph of the Revolution on Havana 's Plaza de la Revolución . The first parade took place in 1960 for
8925-525: The long history of the lands that would become the present-day country, with additional influences from France, Germany and Italy. For many years from the Imperial era till today Brazil has witnessed parade after parade held on major national and regional holidays, a tradition maintained till today by the Brazilian Armed Forces . Since the 1960s high-stepping has been a prominent part of parades hosted by
9030-744: The major powers held parades through the center of Berlin to honor their victory. These include the Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 , 1945 British Berlin Victory Parade and Berlin Victory Parade of 1946 . In the communist German Democratic Republic (GDR), parades were held according to the Russian standard, although the Soviet Army allowed the East Germans, through the National People's Army and
9135-466: The militaries of various countries, which were instructed by Prussian military training officers and instructors from the 19th century to the early 20th. Its traditions were also carried on in a number of former crown dominions in Prussian lands, including Hanover and the Rhineland, as well as in the allied Kingdom of Württemberg and the Kingdom of Saxony , the grand duchies, duchies and principalities, and
9240-502: The military contingent is joined by contingents from youth cadet organizations, personnel from the police and fire services, civil defense and emergency services and by occasion jail and border services, youth police and fire cadets, veterans and personnel of the civil service with occasional participation by civilian organizations, educational institutions, cultural groups and athletes. Albania has long been influenced by Greek and Italian influences and even Soviet/Russian tradition. During
9345-661: The nation's new leader. The event was commemorated in Baghdad with a statue in 14 July Square. It's the day the monarchy was abolished by the National Assembly and Republic was proclaimed. Habib Bourguiba was chosen to be the first President. On the 2nd of September 1990, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian SSR was proclaimed, declaring independence from the Moldavian SSR . It is now celebrated as Republic Day, despite
9450-486: The needs of industry. Leigh Eric Schmidt argues that the growth of consumption culture allowed the growth of holidays as an opportunity for increased public consumption and the orderly timing of it. Thus, after the Civil War, as department stores became the spatial expression of commercialism , holidays became the temporal expression of it. Military parade A military parade is a formation of soldiers whose movement
9555-481: The occasional corps of drums , fanfare band , pipe band and/or drum and bugle corps ), as well as an exhibition of military weapons such as a mobile column, the occasional mounted cavalry column (led by a mounted band ), a naval parade, and a fly past by the country's air force . When on parade, most of the participating soldiers wear their ceremonial uniforms and carry the standards/colours of their respective battalions/regiments/corps/academies. In many countries,
9660-448: The opening of new buildings, a National Youth Festival, and other public festivities. Holiday Holidays can be thematic, celebrating or commemorating particular groups, events, or ideas, or non-thematic, days of rest that do not have any particular meaning. In Commonwealth English , the term can refer to any period of rest from work, such as vacations or school holidays . In American English , "the holidays" typically refers to
9765-458: The other hand, wanted to create an independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 9 January 1992, Bosnian Serb authorities declared the creation of the Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, now called Republika Srpska ("Serb Republic", not to be confused with the Republic of Serbia ) as a state within the country of Bosnia of Herzegovina. Republika Srpska now celebrates Republic Day on
9870-588: The other two being the nation's Independence Day on 15 August (since 1947) and the birthday of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on 2 October. To mark this occasion, a grand parade is held near Kartavya Path , formerly Rajpath in New Delhi , the capital of India , beginning from Raisina Hill near the Rashtrapati Bhavan (Presidential Palace), along the Kartavya path , formerly Rajpath , past India Gate and on to
9975-682: The parade tradition of the Bolivian Armed Forces is similar to those of Prussia and the German Empire but with the difference that the current march step is at slow time, to enable a knee-high goose step when on the march for most units (others, including recruit battalions and civilian students of the Military Engineering School, march in quick time without the goosestep and following the Bundeswehr practice). The Prussian tradition
10080-562: The period from Thanksgiving to New Year's (late November to January 1), which contains many important holidays in American culture. The word holiday comes from the Old English word hāligdæg ( hālig " holy " + dæg " day "). The word originally referred only to special religious days. The word holiday has differing connotations in different regions. In the United States , the word
10185-509: The post of Chairman of the Central Military Commission . During that parade, Deng reportedly said "Let's hold a large-scale one if we are to hold a military exercise, so that it can be of use" in reference to the size of the parade. Naval parades have also been reintroduced in recent years with a parade (which was the biggest naval review since 1949 and according to the Chinese government, the biggest in 600 years. ) being held in
10290-478: The proclamation of the Republic of Hungary. Since 2004, this day is a national commemoration day, without being a public or national Holiday. In Pakistan this day marks the passing of the Lahore Resolution . Republic Day of Pakistan was first observed in 1956 when Pakistan officially became a Republic and shunned the former status of Dominion . The main events of this day include a full military parade and
10395-666: The provinces and major cities. Across the country, the annual Warriors Day military parade has since 1921, been a traditional event of the Canadian National Exhibition . It is specifically devoted to formally recognizing veterans of the CF. Like in the UK, the regimental march of the unit being honored is played by the band and/or pipe band if present. The tradition of military parades in Chile has origins not just in Spanish tradition, but also
10500-479: The secularisation of Winter festivities as "the War on Christmas ". These are holidays that are not traditionally marked on calendars. These holidays are celebrated by various groups and individuals. Some promote a cause, others recognize historical events not officially recognized, and others are "funny" holidays celebrated with humorous intent. For example, Monkey Day is celebrated on December 14, International Talk Like
10605-451: The tradition of close order formation combat, in which soldiers were held in very strict formations as to maximise their combat effectiveness. Formation combat was used as an alternative to melee combat, and required strict discipline in the ranks and competent officers. Close order formation combat has been phased out by advances in military equipment and tactic, and modern infantry now use skirmish formation and order. However, foot drill
10710-430: The world since 1970, with 10,000 events in 2007. It is a holiday marking the dangers of environmental damage, such as pollution and the climate crisis . Other secular holidays are observed regionally, nationally and across multi-country regions. The United Nations Calendar of Observances dedicates decades to a specific topic, but also a complete year, month, week and days. Holidays dedicated to an observance such as
10815-408: The world. It usually held on occasions of national importance such as a country's independence day, and therefore is presided over by the head of state who, in most cases, is the commander in chief of the combined national military forces of that country. Today, military parades include all aspects of military drill, from an exhibition drill of precision drill teams and military bands (in addition to
10920-574: Was introduced to the country in the early 1900s thanks to German and Chilean instructors and officers. Today, alongside the Bolivian National Police Corps, the Armed Forces marches in public parades in the following holidays: As a former Portuguese colonial possession till independence in 1822, Brazil has almost identical traditions of military parades with the Portuguese Armed Forces with added Spanish and Dutch elements due to
11025-456: Was substantially revised, transforming the former British colony from a Commonwealth Realm into a republic within the Commonwealth . The British Monarch ceased to be recognised as Reġina ta' Malta ( Queen of Malta ) and the new Head of State was President Sir Anthony Mamo . This occasion is marked every year as Republic Day (Maltese: Jum ir-Repubblika ) in Malta. The monument of Republic Day
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