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31-831: The district occupies the lower course of the Onega River and the White Sea coast around the Onega Bay , including the western part of the Onega Peninsula (which it shares with Primorsky District ). The waters of the district drain into the Onega and the short rivers of the Onega Bay basin. The main tributaries of the Onega within the district limits are the Kodina and the Kozha Rivers . The exception

62-400: A municipal division , the district is incorporated as Onezhsky Municipal District , with the town of oblast significance of Onega being incorporated within it as Onezhskoye Urban Settlement. The municipal district is divided into two urban settlements and six rural settlements (the administrative centers are given in parentheses): The economy of the district is based on timber industry. There

93-528: A big flat island. It freezes up in late October - early December and stays under the ice until mid-April - May. It was used for timber rafting . The Onega flows among the coniferous forests ( taiga of spruce, pine, and larch), mostly among the swamps . There are only four bridges across the Onega: one in Kargopol on the road connecting Kargopol to Nyandoma , one in the village of Sorokinskaya, on Onezhsky Trakt ,

124-695: Is 416 kilometres (258 mi) long, and the area of its basin 56,900 square kilometres (22,000 sq mi). Its main tributaries are the Voloshka (right), the Kena (left), the Mosha (right), the Kodina (right), and the Kozha (left). The major tributary of the Lake Lacha is the Svid . In terms of both area of the basin and the average discharge, the Onega is the third river basin of

155-511: Is a river in Kargopolsky , Plesetsky , and Onezhsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia . The Onega connects Lake Lacha with the Onega Bay in the White Sea southwest of Arkhangelsk , flowing in the northern direction. The discharge at the source is 74.1 cubic metres per second (2,620 cu ft/s) and at the mouth is 505 cubic metres per second (17,800 cu ft/s). The river

186-701: Is also limited passenger service on the Onega Bay . Onega is served by the Onega Airport which has weekly passenger flights to Arkhangelsk and to the selo of Purnema on the Onega Peninsula . Onezhsky District has a very high concentration of historical, archaeological, and architectural monuments. The district contains thirty-two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law, and additionally eighteen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance. Most of these are wooden churches and chapels. The monuments classified as historical and architectural heritage are

217-540: Is also production of construction materials. Fishery was a traditional occupation of Pomors on the White Sea coast. There are still two fishing collective farms . Inland, there is production of milk and meat as well as potatoes and vegetables. The only railway line in the district branches off in Obozerskaya railway station from the railroad between Moscow and Arkhangelsk and runs west to Onega and Belomorsk where it joins

248-631: Is located in Arkhangelsk Oblast , Russia . It protrudes into the White Sea , with Onega Bay to the south-west, and Dvina Bay to the north-east. The length of the peninsula is about 150 kilometres (93 mi), and the width varies between 60 kilometres (37 mi) and 75 kilometres (47 mi). The coastal area of the peninsula is populated. The villages (counterclockwise) of Nyonoksa, Syuzma, Krasnaya Gora, Pertominsk, Unsky, Yarenga, Lopshenga, Letny Navolok, Letnyaya Zolotitsa, Pushlakhta, Lyamtsa, Purnema, and Nizhmozero are all located at or near

279-663: Is of great historical value. Nikon , the future patriarch of Moscow and reformer of the Russian Orthodox Church, was an abbot of the monastery from 1643 to 1646. The monastery is located on a peninsula (formerly an island) on Lake Kozhozero and can only be accessed by hiking up the Kozha River for several days. The only state museum in the district is the Onega Historical Museum. Onega River The Onega ( Russian : Оне́га ; Finnish : Äänisjoki )

310-548: Is one of the oldest cities in Russian North (the traditional foundation date in the 12th century, first mentioned in the 14th century), and it still contains a big number of architectural and historical monuments. Oshevensk on the left bank of the Onega is the location of the former Alexandro-Oshevensky Monastery . Another historically important monastery in the Onega basin is the Kozheozersky Monastery on an island in

341-669: Is the southwestern part of the district which lies in the basin of the Ileksa River , a tributary of Lake Vodlozero , in the Baltic Sea basin. The divide between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans thus runs through the district. There are many lakes throughout the district; the biggest one being Lake Kozhozero , the source of the Kozha, a left tributary of the Onega. The islands in the Onega Bay are also administered by Onezhsky District. The biggest island of

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372-759: The framework of administrative divisions , Onezhsky District is one of the twenty-one in the oblast. The town of Onega serves as its administrative center , despite being incorporated separately as a town of oblast significance —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts (and which, in addition to Onega, also includes three rural localities). The district is divided into one urban-type settlement with jurisdictional territory ( Maloshuyka ) and thirteen selsoviets . Two other localities which previously had work settlement status were downgraded to rural localities in 2002; these are Kodino and Mudyuga . The following selsoviets have been established (the administrative centers are given in parentheses): As

403-693: The Church of the Presentation of Jesus in the Temple (1683-1688) and the St. Michael Church (1776-1785), are protected at the federal level as a monument of architecture. The village of Lopshenga was featured in the works of Yury Kazakov , a Russian short story writer who traveled extensively in the Russian North. The name of one of the Kazakov's books of short stories is Poedemte v Lopshengu — Let us go to Lopshenga. The economy of

434-461: The Great , the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate . In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty , and Onega was granted town rights. In 1796, the area was transferred to Arkhangelsk Governorate . The current territory of the district was included into Onezhsky Uyezd . In 1929, several governorates were merged into Northern Krai . On July 15, 1929,

465-617: The Lake Kozheozero. Some of the finest monuments of the northern wooden architecture are located in the basin of the Onega, including ensembles of Lyadiny , Saunino Pogost , Krasnaya Lyaga , and Bolzhaya Shalga . These monuments also suffer from the lack of protection and their number steadily diminishes. In fact, the majority of them have been lost. The river splits into the Big Onega and Little Onega 75 kilometres (47 mi) from its estuary , but then these branches join again, forming

496-566: The Novgorod population are the Pomors who inhabit the White Sea coast and traditionally are engaged in fishery. Many localities in the district along the coast, such as Unezhma (now abandoned), have historical significance as old Pomor villages. The western coast of the Onega Bay is known as the Pomor Coast ( Pomorsky Bereg ). In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter

527-717: The Onega Bay is Kiy Island . Vodlozersky National Park was established in 1991 in the river valley of the Ileksa to protect the taiga coniferous forests. Since 2001, the National Park has the status of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve , the first one in Russia. The park is shared between Onezhsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Pudozhsky District of the Republic of Karelia . Another national park, Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park ,

558-480: The Onega is populated, with the exception of the stretch between Severoonezhsk and Yarnema , in Plesetsky District. There are two towns located on the river Onega, Kargopol close to its source and Onega in its mouth. There are also two urban-type settlements, located opposite to each other in the middle course of the river, Oksovsky (right bank) and Severoonezhsk (left bank). 155 kilometres (96 mi) of

589-598: The White Sea (behind the Northern Dvina and the Mezen ). The river basin of the Onega is spread over the west of Arkhangelsk Oblast, north-west of Vologda Oblast , and also includes minor areas in the east of Republic of Karelia . The Onega basin includes some of the biggest lakes of Arkhangelsk and Vologda Oblasts, such as Lake Vozhe , Lake Lacha, Lake Lyokshmozero , Lake Kenozero , Lake Undozero , and Lake Kozhozero , as well as Kenozersky National Park . The whole valley of

620-439: The city of Severodvinsk of Arkhangelsk Oblast . On 17 December 1940 Belomorsky District was established on the peninsula, on the areas which previously were parts of Primorsky and Onezhsky Districts. The administrative center of the district became the selo of Pertominsk . On 30 September 1958 Belomorsky District was abolished, and the area of the district was shared between Primorsky and Onezhsky Districts. The peninsula

651-538: The coast. The north-eastern coast of the peninsula is crossed by the Una Bay, a gulf in the Dvina Bay, which is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) long. The villages of Una and Luda are located at the inner coast of the Una Bay. The interior of the peninsula (north-west of the line connecting Luda and Purnema) is a wilderness without any permanent population. There is some logging at Verkhneozersk, south-east of Luda. The interior of

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682-601: The following: The most notable wooden churches are triple church ensembles, which consist of two churches (a bigger, unheated, church used in the summer, and a smaller, heated church used in the winter, and a bell-tower). Not more than a dozen of these triple wooden ensembles survived intact, and one of them, the ensemble in the village of Vorzogory , is located in Onezhsky District. Two more, Makaryinsky Pogost and Verkhnemudyugsky Pogost, burned down in 1985 and 1997, respectively. The Kozheozersky Monastery , founded in 1560,

713-656: The peninsula is hilly, and there are many lakes, the biggest of which are Lake Myandozero , Lake Vezhmozero (both lakes drain to the Vezhma River - a tributary of the Una Bay), Lake Lyamitskoye (which drains to the Lyamtsa River , flowing west), and Lake Bolshoye Vygozero (which drains into the Zolotitsa River , also flowing west). Administratively , the peninsula is shared between Onezhsky and Primorsky Districts and

744-468: The railroad between Petrozavodsk and Murmansk . It was built during World War II to secure the transport of goods from the harbor of Murmansk to central Russia. Onega is connected to Severodvinsk by a road. There are no all-seasonal roads on the left bank of the Onega River within the district. The Onega is navigable downstream from the selo of Porog ; there is regular passenger navigation. There

775-570: The river's lower course, between the village of Gorodok and the selo of Porog, is listed in the State Water Register of Russia as navigable. The rest of the Onega is notable for the rapids , spread everywhere between Kargopol and Gorodok, and also located downstream from Porog (the name Porog means a rapid ). The river name is traditionally explained as related to Finnish Enojoki - the main river, stream. The Onega basin area has an important historical and cultural significance. Kargopol

806-510: The road connecting Kargopol to Plesetsk and Yemetsk , one combined road and railway bridge connecting Oksovsky and Severoonezhsk, and one railway bridge in Porog on the railway from Arkhangelsk to Belomorsk (no road traffic). Elsewhere, including the former district center of Konyovo , the Onega can only be traversed by ferry crossings. [REDACTED] Media related to Onega River at Wikimedia Commons Onega Peninsula The Onega Peninsula

837-407: The uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into Northern Krai , and Onezhsky District was established among others. It became a part of Arkhangelsk Okrug of Northern Krai. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district was subordinated to the central administration of Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai

868-450: Was divided between Plesetsky and Onezhsky Districts. On December 17, 1940, Belomorsky District was established on the Onega Peninsula , on the areas which previously were parts of Primorsky and Onezhsky Districts. The administrative center of the district was established in the selo of Pertominsk . On September 30, 1958, Belomorsky District was abolished, with its area shared between Primorsky and Onezhsky Districts. Within

899-569: Was open on the Onega Peninsula on 26 February 2013. The area was originally populated by speakers of Uralic languages and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic . It was located on the trading route connecting central and northern Russia, from Moscow to the White Sea along the Onega River. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow . The descendants of

930-635: Was settled by Novgorodians not later than the 13th century. The Pomors , living at the coast, are the descendants of the Novgorodians. Most of the villages on the coast of the peninsula have a historical significance. The ensemble of the Purnema Pogost , consisting of St. Nicholas' Church (1618) and the Nativity Church (1860), and the Zaostrovsky Pogost in the village of Nyonoksa , consisting of

961-476: Was transformed into Northern Oblast . In 1937, Northern Oblast itself was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Onezhsky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since. Between July 15, 1929 and July 31, 1931, Chekuyevsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Chekuyevo existed and was a part of Northern Krai. In 1931, the district was abolished, and its area

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