In the United Kingdom , a scheduled monument is a nationally important archaeological site or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change.
64-629: Olton is an area/suburban village within the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull in the West Midlands , England. In the 13th century, the Lords of the Manor moved their seat and formed a new settlement, at the junction of two major roads. It was then that Ulverlei was being referred to as ‘Oulton’ (meaning ‘old town’) to distinguish itself from nearby Solihull. Historically within the county of Warwickshire ,
128-460: A scheduled ancient monument , although the Act defines only ancient monument and scheduled monument . A monument can be: In Northern Ireland they are designated under separate legislation and are referred to as a scheduled historic monument (for those in private ownership) or a monument in state care (for those in public ownership). The first Act to enshrine legal protection for ancient monuments
192-474: A 'miry or muddy' or soily hill. The parish church was built on a hill of stiff red marl , which turned to sticky mud in wet weather. Solihull was an ancient parish , covering the town itself and adjoining rural areas, including Shirley . Solihull was made the centre of a poor law union in 1836, covering eleven parishes: Baddesley Clinton , Balsall , Barston , Elmdon , Knowle , Lapworth , Nuthurst , Packwood , Solihull, Tanworth and Yardley . Yardley
256-883: A charter in 1954 making Solihull into a Municipal Borough ; ten years later it was given the status of County Borough . Reorganisation of boundaries and council responsibilities in 1974 created the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull by the merger of the Solihull County Borough and most of the Meriden Rural District , which forms the main rural part of the borough and county. It included Balsall Common, Barston, Berkswell, Bickenhill, Castle Bromwich, Chelmsley Wood, Elmdon, Fordbridge, Hampton in Arden, Hockley Heath, Kingshurst, Knowle, Marston Green, Meriden, Olton, Smiths Wood, Solihull, Shirley and Temple Balsall. In 1986
320-511: A condensed register nor to any single authority to take care of over the course of the last 130 years. The UK is a signatory to the Council of Europe 's Valletta Treaty which obliges it to have a legal system to protect archaeological heritage on land and under water. The body of designation legislation used for legally protecting heritage assets from damage and destruction is complex, and dates back to 1882. There have been many revisions since, and
384-499: A limited definition of what constitutes a monument. Features such as ritual landscapes , battlefields and flint scatters are difficult to schedule; recent amendment in Scotland (see below) has widened the definition to include "any site... comprising any thing, or group of things, that evidences previous human activity". The wide range of legislation means that the terminology describing how historic sites are protected varies according to
448-427: A medieval hollow way . Excavation, geophysical and field survey carried out between 1985 and 1986 revealed pottery found in a trench excavated across the inner rampart and interior indicating a 13th-century construction date, with later modifications to the enclosing earthworks. The remains of a number of medieval buildings were found and in addition a late medieval/early post-medieval shed-like structure. The activity on
512-645: A scheduled monument lies with the Secretary of State for the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). The Secretary of State keeps the list, or schedule, of these sites. The designation process was first devolved to Scotland and Wales in the 1970s and is now operated there by the Scottish Government and the Welsh Government respectively. The government bodies with responsibility for archaeology and
576-445: A site, defines a boundary around it and advises the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport of its eligibility for inclusion on the schedule. In Wales Cadw is part of central government and act on behalf of the relevant ministers. In Scotland, since October 2015, Historic Environment Scotland has been a non-departmental public body advising Scottish Ministers. The 1979 Act makes it a criminal offence to: Despite perceptions to
640-650: Is evident from the survival of the place names of Ulverley Green and the Ulleries. Ulverley Green close to the Birmingham-Warwick Road is the probable site of the original Saxon manor house. The site was described by William Hutton "Four miles from Birmingham on upon the Warwick Road, entering the parish of Solihull in Castle Lane, is Ulverley, in doomsday Ulverlei. Trifling as this place now seems it must have been
704-443: Is named after its largest town, Solihull , from which Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council is based. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region (code UKG32) and is one of seven boroughs or unitary districts that comprise the "West Midlands" NUTS 2 region . Much of the large residential population in the north of the borough centres on the communities of Castle Bromwich , Kingshurst , Marston Green and Smith's Wood as well as
SECTION 10
#1732852802589768-651: Is now the Scheduled Ancient Monument of Hobs Moat , standing back from Lode Lane. The Hugford family occupied it after the Odingsells, Burman suggested that the name could as easily come from the Hugfords as the Odingsell's, as Hutton calls it Hoggs Moat in his 1782 description. However, Dugdale believed it derived from "Odingsells moat" and states he has seen Odingsells incorrectly written as "Hodingsells" and believes
832-505: Is the former Primitive Methodist Chapel which appears on early 20th century maps: the building is now a bridal shop. Located on Monastery Road the Solihull and District Hebrew Congregation hold regular religious services at their Solihull Synagogue as well as running a wide range of social activities. Metropolitan Borough of Solihull The Metropolitan Borough of Solihull is a metropolitan borough in West Midlands county, England. It
896-539: The Meriden Gap (after the village of Meriden ) which serves as a green belt separating the Birmingham conurbation from the city of Coventry. Parts of Solihull neighbour the suburbs of Minworth and Hall Green . Parts also lie close to (but not contiguous with) the town of Coleshill and city of Coventry . Elections to Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council are held in three out of every four years, with one third of
960-578: The Domesday Book was compiled in 1086, Christina "took the veil" entering the nunnery of Romsey Abbey in Hampshire. Her lands were granted to Ralph de Limesy whose family held Ulverlei until his great-granddaughter married Hugh de Odingsells, whose family were thought to be of Flemish origin. William De Odingsells succeeded his father in 1238 and it was in his time that the new village of Solihull began to develop. That Ulverley stood where Olton now does
1024-602: The Local Government Act 1894 . The 1894 Act split districts which straddled county boundaries, and so Yardley became a separate rural district (which was later absorbed into Birmingham in 1911), whilst the Warwickshire parishes from the Solihull poor law union became the Solihull Rural District. The 1894 Act also created parish councils for rural parishes , including Solihull. The Solihull Rural District and
1088-557: The Victorian and Edwardian period form part of one of Solihull's conservation areas . Olton means 'old town' and is the site of the manor of Ulverlei from where Solihull was founded. Ulverlei has been translated to mean Wulfhere 's clearing or meadow. Wulfhere was the first Christian king of all of Mercia , from the end of the 650s until 675. Wulfhere's father, Penda , was killed in 655 fighting against Oswiu of Northumbria . Penda's son Peada became king under Oswiu's overlordship, but
1152-494: The 1882 legislation was guided through Parliament by John Lubbock , who in 1871 had bought Avebury, Wiltshire , to ensure the survival of the stone circle. The first Inspector of Ancient Monuments, as set up by the act, was Augustus Pitt Rivers . At this point, only the inspector, answering directly to the First Commissioner of Works , was involved in surveying the scheduled sites and persuading landowners to offer sites to
1216-485: The 1979 Act was never brought into effect in Scotland. It is a legal requirement to maintain the 'schedule' of monuments. In England the Department for Culture, Media and Sport keeps a register, or schedule, of nationally important sites which receive state protection. The National Heritage List for England now includes about 400,000 heritage sites, including scheduled monuments. This online searchable list can be found on
1280-453: The 51 seats on the council being elected at each election. Since the 2011 election The Conservative Party has had a majority on the council. At the 2015 election to the council, the following members were returned: For election purposes the council is divided up into the following wards based on civil parishes . Each ward is represented by three councillors: The constituent parts of the borough's coat of arms are: A stylised version of
1344-515: The European Parliament. Many of the schools in Olton have been ranked as 'Good' or 'Excellent' by Ofsted. Situated at the junction of the Warwick Road with St Bernards Road and Kineton Green Road is the parish church of St. Margaret's, begun in 1880 as a chancel and completed by B. Corser in 1896. It has rock faced walls, no tower and round piers with well carved naturalistic flower capitals. To
SECTION 20
#17328528025891408-610: The Historic England web site. The list of Scottish monuments can be searched on the Historic Environment Scotland website, or through Pastmap. For Wales, the National Monuments Record of Wales (NMRW), has an online database called "Coflein" which contains the national collection of information about the historic environment of Wales. To be eligible for scheduling, a monument must be demonstrably of (in
1472-484: The Liberal Democrats. Olton has a strong residents' association that liaises with Solihull Council and other bodies to improve the locality. Nationally, Olton is a ward of the Solihull constituency whose Member of Parliament is Julian Knight , (Conservative), who replaced Lorely Burt , the first Liberal Democrat MP for Solihull, at the 2015 election. [1] Olton was included in the West Midlands electoral region of
1536-697: The Marine (Scotland) Act 2010. It is intended that the marine scheduled monuments will be protected by this new Act. The Historic Environment (Amendment) (Scotland) Act, which amended the 1979 Act, was passed into law in 2011. Wider areas can be protected by designating their locations as Areas of Archaeological Importance (AAI) under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. As of 2011, only five city centres in England have been designated as AAIs (Canterbury, Chester, Exeter, Hereford and York). This part of
1600-530: The Sacred Heart Fathers and Brothers of Bétharram took over the running of the parish. There are also the Olton Baptist Church, which meets at Langley School on Kineton Green Road. The former United Reformed church on Kineton Green Road is now redundant and has been sold for redevelopment (November 2018). It's currently a part of "The Olton Project". On the Warwick Road just by the railway bridge
1664-552: The Solihull Parish Council were abolished in 1932. A new urban district of Solihull was created; the parishes of Solihull, Elmdon, Knowle, Nuthurst, Packwood and Sheldon were abolished and most of their combined area became the new urban district, subject to various adjustments to the boundaries with neighbouring parishes. The parts of the old Solihull Rural District not included were added to neighbouring rural districts. Expansion continued and Queen Elizabeth II granted
1728-633: The Solihull borough effectively became a unitary authority when the West Midlands County Council was abolished. It remains part of the West Midlands for ceremonial purposes , and for functions such as police, fire and public transport. There is some support to return the borough to Warwickshire for ceremonial purposes, as was the case when the County of Avon was abolished and Bath was returned to Somerset. There were also complaints that Solihull
1792-679: The UK are also protected as World Heritage Sites . To add to the confusion, some heritage assets can be both listed buildings and scheduled monuments (e.g. Dunblane Cathedral ). World Heritage Sites, conservation areas and protected landscapes can also contain both scheduled monuments and listed buildings. Where a heritage asset is both scheduled and listed, many provisions of the listing legislation are dis-applied (for example those relating to building preservation notices). In England, Scotland and Wales, protection of monuments can also be given by another process, additional to or separate from scheduling, taking
1856-462: The UK government states that it remains committed to heritage protection legislation reform, even though the draft Heritage Protection Bill 2008, which proposed a single 'register' that included scheduled monuments and listed buildings, was abandoned to make room in the parliamentary legislative programme for measures to deal with the credit crunch. The scheduling system has been criticised by some as being cumbersome. In England and Wales it also has
1920-407: The airport to the nearby Birmingham International railway station . Around three-quarters of the borough is greenbelt and a large proportion of that is worked farmland. The borough shares its boundaries with Birmingham to the west and north, Coventry to the east, Warwickshire to both the north and south and Worcestershire to the south west. The borough contains a sizeable rural area known as
1984-538: The borough include: There is a longer list in the article for Solihull town. The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Solihull. 52°24′32″N 1°46′51″W / 52.40880°N 1.78092°W / 52.40880; -1.78092 Scheduled monument The various pieces of legislation that legally protect heritage assets from damage and destruction are grouped under
Olton - Misplaced Pages Continue
2048-503: The coat of arms can be seen on the top left of Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council's website pages, and the official, heraldic version appears on a dedicated page on the same site – external links below. Solihull is regarded as having one of the strongest subregional economies in the West Midlands, with a significantly higher nominal GVA per capita and Silhillians enjoying considerably higher disposable income rates than both regional and UK averages. Analysis also shows Solihull as having
2112-556: The condition of scheduled monuments is also reported through the Heritage at Risk survey. In 2008 this survey extended to include all listed buildings , scheduled monuments, registered parks and gardens, registered battlefields, protected wreck sites and conservation areas. The register is compiled by survey by a range of heritage groups including Natural England, the Forestry Commission, local authorities, national park authorities,
2176-1130: The contrary, only a very small proportion of applications for scheduled monument consent are refused. In Scotland in the ten years from 1995 to 2005, out of 2,156 applications, only 16 were refused. Development close to a scheduled monument which might damage its setting is also a material consideration in the planning system. Historic England, Historic Environment Scotland and Cadw monitor the condition of scheduled monuments. They encourage owners to maintain scheduled monuments in good condition by using sympathetic land uses, for example restricting stock levels or controlling undergrowth which can damage archaeology below ground. Historic Environment Scotland, Cadw, Historic England and Natural England also offer owners advice on how to manage their monuments. There are some grant incentive schemes for owners, including schemes run by Historic England and by Natural England for farmers and land managers. Historic Environment Scotland, Historic England and Cadw, occasionally award grants to support management agreements for monuments, and in some cases can help with major repairs. In England,
2240-454: The corruption came from that. The Reverend Pemberton wrote that, "the moat, surmounted as it would have been by a stockade, would have been a formidable obstacle to assault" The Odingsells name is still to be found in the modern road name of Odensil Green built on the site of Odensil Farm. Probably due to the relocation of the Lords of the Manor to the new settlement of Solihull, Olton declined in comparison and remained largely agricultural until
2304-630: The historic environment in Britain are: Historic England in England, Cadw in Wales, and Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland. The processes for application and monitoring scheduled monuments is administered in England by Historic England; in Wales by Cadw on behalf of the Senedd (Welsh Parliament); and in Scotland by Historic Environment Scotland on behalf of the Scottish Ministers. In Northern Ireland,
2368-537: The legislation to include medieval monuments. Pressure grew for stronger legislation. In a speech in 1907, Robert Hunter, chairman of the National Trust, observed that only a further 18 sites had been added to the original list of 68. 'Scheduling' in the modern sense only became possible with the passing of the Ancient Monuments Consolidation and Amendment Act 1913 . When Pitt Rivers died in 1900 he
2432-683: The lowest (and fastest falling) claimant count for Jobseeker's Allowance in the region. The current Flybe airline maintains its head office on the second floor of Diamond House on the property of Birmingham Airport . This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of Solihull at current basic prices published (pp. 240–253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. ^1 includes hunting and forestry ^2 includes energy and construction ^3 includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured ^4 Components may not sum to totals due to rounding Localities in
2496-551: The manor house of Solihull, under the Saxon heptarchy , but went to decay so long ago as the conquest. The manor was the property of the Earls of Mercia, but whether their residence is uncertain. The traces of a moat remain, which are triangular, and enclose a wretched farmhouse of no note; (named Manor House Farm) one of the angles of the moat is filled up and becomes part of Castle Lane, which proves that Ulverley went into disuse when Hogg's moat
2560-638: The monument into state ownership or placing it under guardianship, classifying it as a guardianship monument under the terms of Section 12 of the 1979 Act (as amended by the National Heritage Act 1983 in England, and by the Historic Environment (Amendment) (Scotland) Act 2011) (e.g. St Rule's Church in St Andrews). The latter meaning that the owner retains possession, while the appropriate national heritage body maintains it and (usually) opens it to
2624-429: The opening of the railway station in 1869 and the development of St Bernard's Road. Part of this road appears on the 1839 Tithe map and, in 1869, a new road was constructed to link this road with the Warwick Road. Originally named Windmill Road, it had become St Bernard's Road by 1872, named after the seminary that was being built then. The first house to be constructed in the road is thought to be Elmhurst (no. 21), which
Olton - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-441: The owner's freehold title or other legal interests in the land, nor does it give the general public any new rights of public access. The process of scheduling does not automatically imply that the monument is being poorly managed or that it is under threat, nor does it impose a legal obligation to undertake any additional management of the monument. In England and Wales the authority for designating, re-designating and de-designating
2752-528: The public. All monuments in guardianship on the passing of the 1979 Act were automatically included in the 'schedule'. Scheduling is not usually applied to underwater sites although historic wrecks can be protected under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 , although three maritime sites have been designated as scheduled monuments. In Scotland new powers for protection of the marine heritage, better integrated with other maritime conservation powers, have been given by
2816-542: The site during the 17th century and later appears to be agricultural. A survey carried out in October 1997 by RCHME concluded that the site was probably a homestead or hunting lodge. Olton Mere was created as a reservoir to act as a feeder for the Grand Union Canal, which was opened in 1799. The Mere was formed from marshland fed by Folly Brook (now Hatchford Brook) and was designed to hold 150 locks full of water, but this
2880-660: The south is the Roman Catholic Olton Friary . Built in 1873 as St Bernard's Catholic Seminary by Bishop William Bernard Ullathorne, the first Catholic bishop of Birmingham, it closed in 1889 when the bishop's successor moved the seminary to Oscott. The building was purchased by the Capuchin Friars and became the Franciscan Monastery of the Immaculate Conception. The friars left on 10 January 1981 and
2944-401: The state. The act also established the concept of guardianship, in which a site might remain in private ownership, but the monument itself become the responsibility of the state, as guardian. However the legislation could not compel landowners, as that level of state interference with private property was not politically possible. The Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1900 extended the scope of
3008-494: The tens of thousands of scheduled monuments in the UK, most are inconspicuous archaeological sites, but some are large ruins . According to the 1979 Act, a monument cannot be a structure which is occupied as a dwelling, used as a place of worship or a protected shipwreck . Scheduled monuments are defined in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 . In England, Wales and Scotland they are often referred to as
3072-625: The term " designation ". The protection provided to scheduled monuments is given under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 , which is a different law from that used for listed buildings (which fall within the town and country planning system). A heritage asset is a part of the historic environment that is valued because of its historic, archaeological, architectural or artistic interest. Only some of these are judged to be important enough to have extra legal protection through designation. There are about 20,000 scheduled monuments in England representing about 37,000 heritage assets. Of
3136-472: The term "Scheduled Historic Monument" is used. These sites protected under Article 3 of the Historic Monuments and Archaeological Objects (Northern Ireland) Order 1995. The schedule contains over 1,900 sites, and is maintained by the Department for Communities . There is no positive distinction yet for a single method of registering sites of heritage. The long tradition of legal issues did not lead to
3200-498: The terms of the 1979 Act) "national importance". Non-statutory criteria are provided to guide the assessment. In England these are: The Scottish criteria were revised after public consultation between 2006 and 2008. There is no appeal against the scheduling process and adding a monument to the schedule may be a process requiring a great deal of research and consideration. The process can be accelerated for sites under threat, however. In England, Historic England gathers information on
3264-560: The towns of Chelmsley Wood and Fordbridge . In the south are the towns of Shirley and Solihull, as well as the large villages of Knowle , Dorridge , Meriden and Balsall Common . Since 2011, Solihull has formed part of the Greater Birmingham & Solihull Local Enterprise Partnership along with neighbouring authorities Birmingham , Bromsgrove , Cannock Chase , East Staffordshire , Lichfield , Redditch , Tamworth and Wyre Forest . Solihull probably derived its name from
SECTION 50
#17328528025893328-418: The type of heritage asset. Monuments are "scheduled", buildings are "listed", whilst battlefields, parks and gardens are "registered", and historic wrecks are "protected". Historic urban spaces receive protection through designation as " conservation areas ", and historic landscapes are designated through national park and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) legislation. In addition, there are areas in
3392-552: The village has gradually become contiguous with Solihull to the southeast, though it retains the character of a large independent village. It is located on the A41 between Solihull town centre 4 miles (6.4 km), Acocks Green , 2 miles (3.2 km) and Birmingham 5.7 miles (9.2 km). Dating back over a 1,000 years, it is a now a residential suburb. Many of the large houses built in St. Bernard's Road, Grange Road and Kineton Green Road during
3456-550: The Ætheling , the last male of the house of Cerdic of Wessex , the original ruling dynasty of England. It states, "In Coleshill Hundred Christina holds 8 hides in Ulverlei from the King. Land for 20 ploughs. In lordship 1; 3 slaves. 22 villagers with a priest and 4 smallholders have 7 ploughs. Meadow, 12 acres; woodland 4 leagues long and 1/2 league wide; when exploited, value 12s. The value was £10; now £4. Earl Edwin held it." Shortly after
3520-535: Was Leofric , husband of Godiva , heroine of the Coventry legend, and the earldom descended through his son Ælfgar to Edwin , his grandson, who was in possession at the time of the Norman conquest . Perhaps, because of the royal connection, William I granted the lands to Christina , who was granddaughter of King Edmund Ironside . The Domesday Book records Ulverlei as part of the lands of Christina, sister of Edgar
3584-401: Was erected; it also proves that the lane terminated here, which is about 200 yards from the turnpike road. The great width of the lane, from the road to Ulverley, and its singular narrowness from thence to Hogg's moat, is another proof of its antiquity. If we pursue our journey half a mile further along this lane which, by the way, is scarcely passable, it will bring us to Hogg's moat." This site
3648-482: Was formed for sailing, fishing and shooting, although shooting was suspended in 1926 owing to a shortage of wildfowl. Politically, the Olton ward has recently leaned towards liberalism. Since 1973, the three seats on Solihull Council have been shared by Conservative and Liberal (later, Liberal Democrat ) councillors. Honor Cox of the Liberal Democrats held the ward from 1991 until her death on 1 November 2010. However, for several years now all three seats have been held by
3712-544: Was in Worcestershire and the rest of the parishes were in Warwickshire . Such poor law unions formed the basis for later local government areas. In 1872 poor law unions also became rural sanitary districts for the parts of their areas without urban authorities; there were no urban authorities in the Solihull union. In 1894 rural sanitary districts were converted into rural districts with their own elected councils under
3776-430: Was murdered a year later. Wulfhere came to the throne when Mercian nobles organised a revolt against Northumbrian rule in 658, and drove out Oswiu's governors. As he was a youth, Wulfhere had been kept in hiding until he came of age. After the absorption of Mercia into the rest of England, Ulverlei became the property of the Earls of Mercia, who if not descendants of the royal house were their successors. The first of these
3840-464: Was not achieved until the Mere was extended in 1834. It is the largest of the few areas of open water in Solihull and supports a large number of waterfowl. The woodland surrounding the Mere has remained undisturbed for many years, providing an important habitat for plants and animals. Sailing on the Mere started in 1900 when five residents of St Bernard's Road leased the reservoir from the canal company. A club
3904-475: Was not immediately replaced as Inspector. Charles Peers, a professional architect, was appointed as Inspector in 1910 in the Office of Works becoming Chief Inspector in 1913. The job title 'Inspector' is still in use. Scheduling offers protection because it makes it illegal to undertake a great range of 'works' within a designated area, without first obtaining 'scheduled monument consent'. However, it does not affect
SECTION 60
#17328528025893968-662: Was not involved in the design of the Warwickshire flag in 2016. The borough is bordered by the M6 and the M40 and split by the M42 which divides the urban centre of the borough from the rural south and east. The borough's transport links have led to a number of established large businesses being based in the borough, such as Land Rover , the National Exhibition Centre and Birmingham Airport . A short automatic light transport system links
4032-645: Was the Ancient Monuments Protection Act 1882 . This identified an initial list of 68 prehistoric sites that were given a degree of legal protection (25 sites in England, three in Wales, 22 in Scotland and 18 in Ireland). This was the result of strenuous representation by William Morris and the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings , which had been founded in 1877. Following various previous attempts,
4096-459: Was used for a gathering of 200 people in 1872. Many of the properties in Olton (B91) are detached and from the Victorian and Edwardian era's, these form part of Solihull conservation areas. Data revealed that the most expensive postcode in the Birmingham area was Olton in Solihull. The Scheduled Monument of Hob's Moat is a moated island of ditches and banks, alongside which are the earthworks of
#588411