Misplaced Pages

#925074

34-610: Amphimachus and his brother Nastes were captains of the Carian contingent on the side of the Trojans in the Trojan War . Either he or his brother were killed by Achilles ; according to the commentary to the Iliad by Thomas D. Seymour , his brother Nastes was the one killed and of whom the armour and golden ornaments were subsequently stripped off. This article relating to Greek mythology

68-654: A satrapy (province) in 545 BC. The most important town was Halicarnassus , from where its sovereigns, the tyrants of the Lygdamid dynasty (c.520-450 BC), reigned. Other major towns were Latmus, refounded as Heracleia under Latmus , Antiochia , Myndus , Laodicea , Alinda and Alabanda . Caria participated in the Ionian Revolt (499–493 BC) against the Persian rule. During the Second Persian invasion of Greece (480-479 BC),

102-558: A Dorian Greek city, was planted there among six Carian towns: Theangela , Sibde , Medmasa , Euranium , Pedasa or Pedasum, and Telmissus . These with Myndus and Syangela (or Syagela or Souagela) constitute the eight Lelege towns. Also on the north coast of the Ceramicus Sinus is Ceramus and Bargasus. On the south of the Ceramicus Sinus is the Carian Chersonnese, or Triopium Promontory ( Cape Krio ), also called Doris after

136-591: A place called Larymna mentioned by Pliny in the same district. Loryma was a small fortified town and harbour on the coast of Caria, not far from Cape Cynossema, at the western extremity of the peninsula known as Rhodian Chersonesus , opposite to and twenty Roman miles from Rhodes island. It was a fortified and was belonging to the Rhodians. Its ruins, west of Port Aplothiki, with towers, tombs and ramparts are described by William Martin Leake ( Asia Minor , 223). The site

170-568: Is Harpasa (Arpaz). At the confluence of the Maeander and the Orsinus, Corsymus or Corsynus is Antioch on the Maeander and on the Orsinus in the mountains a border town with Phrygia , Gordiutichos ("Gordius' Fort") near Geyre . Founded by the Leleges and called Ninoe it became Megalopolis ("Big City") and Aphrodisias , sometime capital of Caria. Other towns on the Orsinus are Timeles and Plarasa. Tabae

204-411: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Caria Caria ( / ˈ k ɛər i ə / ; from Greek : Καρία, Karia ; Turkish : Karya ) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid- Ionia ( Mycale ) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia . The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of

238-538: Is based entirely on ancient sources. The multiple names of towns and geomorphic features, such as bays and headlands, reveal an ethnic layering consistent with the known colonization. Coastal Caria begins with Didyma south of Miletus , but Miletus had been placed in the pre-Ion Caria. South of it is the Iassicus Sinus ( Güllük Körfezi) and the towns of Iassus and Bargylia , giving an alternative name of Bargyleticus Sinus to Güllük Körfezi, and nearby Cindye, which

272-625: Is the Calbis River ( Dalyan River). On the other side is Caunus (near Dalyan), with Pisilis or Pilisis and Pyrnos between. Then follow some cities that some assign to Lycia and some to Caria: Calynda on the Indus River, Crya and Alina in the Gulf of Glaucus (Katranci Bay or the Gulf of Makri ), the Glaucus River being the border. Other Carian towns in the gulf are Clydae or Lydae and Aenus. At

306-556: The Notitiæ episcopatuum mention Loryma as one of the suffragan sees of the Stauropolis , the metropolitan see of Caria. Le Quien names three bishops of Loryma: The see also exists as a titular see in the Catholic Church . Its bishops are: The British traveler and writer Freya Stark visited Loryma and wrote concerning the historical significance of its sheltered harbor: In

340-593: The Dorian colony of Cnidus . At the base of the peninsula ( Datça Peninsula ) is Bybassus or Bybastus from which an earlier names, the Bybassia Chersonnese, had been derived. It was now Acanthus and Doulopolis ("slave city"). South of the Carian Chersonnese is Doridis Sinus, the "Gulf of Doris" (Gulf of Symi ), the locale of the Dorian Confederacy. There are three bays in it: Bubassius, Thymnias and Schoenus,

374-583: The Roman Empire the name of Caria was still used for the geographic region. The territory administratively belonged to the province of Asia . During the administrative reforms of the 4th century this province was abolished and divided into smaller units. Caria became a separate province as part of the Diocese of Asia. Christianity was on the whole slow to take hold in Caria. The region was not visited by St. Paul , and

SECTION 10

#1732855555926

408-666: The Xanthos trilingual inscription . The Carians were incorporated into the Macedonian Empire following the conquests of Alexander the Great and the Siege of Halicarnassus in 334 BC. Halicarnassus was the location of the famed Mausoleum dedicated to Mausolus , a satrap of Caria between 377–353 BC, by his wife, Artemisia II of Caria . The monument became one of the Seven Wonders of

442-592: The Ancient World , and from which the Romans named any grand tomb a mausoleum. Caria was conquered by Alexander III of Macedon in 334 BC with the help of the former queen of the land Ada of Caria who had been dethroned by the Persian Empire and actively helped Alexander in his conquest of Caria on condition of being reinstated as queen. After their capture of Caria, she declared Alexander as her heir. As part of

476-612: The Carians called Andanus . After Bargylia is Caryanda or Caryinda, and then on the Bodrum Peninsula Myndus (Mentecha or Muntecha), 56 miles (90 km) from Miletus. In the vicinity is Naziandus, exact location unknown. On the tip of the Bodrum Peninsula (Cape Termerium) is Termera (Telmera, Termerea), and on the other side Ceramicus Sinus ( Gökova Körfezi ). It "was formerly crowded with numerous towns." Halicarnassus ,

510-583: The Dorian Cnidus, picking up ship’s tackle at Syme, sheltering at Loryma; Conon, before the battle, with his ninety ships; the Roman fleet that dared not face Hannibal in the offing; Cassius, gathering forces against Rhodes, twenty miles away. Each in their turn passed through the narrow opening and felt the sudden calm. In these places, the natural features have remained unaltered; the moments that visit them, fashioned to one pattern by nature itself, drop like beads on

544-434: The base of the east end of Latmus near Euromus , and near Milas where the current village Selimiye is, was the district of Euromus or Eurome, possibly Europus, formerly Idrieus and Chrysaoris ( Stratonicea ). The name Chrysaoris once applied to all of Caria; moreover, Euromus was originally settled from Lycia . Its towns are Tauropolis, Plarasa and Chrysaoris. These were all incorporated later into Mylasa . Connected to

578-414: The battles, but if they were bound down by too strong a compulsion to be able to make revolt, when the battles begin, to be purposely slack. Plutarch in his work, The Parallel Lives, at The Life of Themistocles wrote that: "Phanias ( Greek : Φαινίας ), writes that the mother of Themistocles was not a Thracian , but a Carian woman and her name was Euterpe ( Eυτέρπη ), and Neanthes ( Νεάνθης ) adds that she

612-552: The cities of Caria were allies of Xerxes I and they fought at the Battle of Artemisium and the Battle of Salamis , where the Queen of Halicarnassus Artemisia commanded the contingent of 70 Carian ships. Themistocles , before the battles of Artemisium and Salamis, tried to split the Ionians and Carians from the Persian coalition. He told them to come and be on his side or not to participate at

646-506: The islands. Most chose to leave in 1919, before the population exchange . In July 2021, archaeologists led by Abuzer Kızıl have announced the discovery of two 2,500-year-old marble statues and an inscription during excavations at the Temple of Zeus Lepsynos in Euromus . According to Abuzer Kızıl, one of the statues was naked while other was wearing armor made of leather and a short skirt. Both of

680-680: The last enclosing the town of Hyda. In the gulf somewhere are Euthene or Eutane, Pitaeum, and an island: Elaeus or Elaeussa near Loryma . On the south shore is the Cynossema, or Onugnathos Promontory, opposite Symi . South of there is the Rhodian Peraea , a section of the coast under Rhodes . It includes Loryma or Larymna in Oedimus Bay, Gelos, Tisanusa, the headland of Paridion, Panydon or Pandion (Cape Marmorice) with Physicus, Amos , Physca or Physcus, also called Cressa ( Marmaris ). Beyond Cressa

714-459: The latter by a sacred way are Labraunda and Sinuri . Around Stratonicea is also Lagina as well as Panamara , Tendeba and Astragon . Further inland towards Aydın is Alabanda , noted for its marble and its scorpions , Orthosia , Coscinia or Coscinus on the upper Maeander and Alinda . To the east is the religious centre Hyllarima . At the confluence of the Maeander and the Harpasus

SECTION 20

#1732855555926

748-524: The name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians . The Carians spoke Carian , a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian . Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges , which could be an earlier name for Carians. Cramer's detailed catalog of Carian towns

782-460: The only early churches seem to be those of Laodicea and Colossae ( Chonae ) on the extreme inland fringe of the country, which itself pursued its pagan customs. It appears that it was not until Christianity was officially adopted in Constantinople that the new religion made any real headway in Caria. In the 7th century, Byzantine provinces were abolished and the new military theme system

816-581: The region as a whole, a large Muslim (practically exclusively Turkish) majority reaching as high as 99% and a non-Muslim minority (practically exclusively Carian supplemented with a small Jewish community in Milas) as low as one per cent. One of the first acts of the Ottomans after their takeover was to transfer the administrative center of the region from its millenary seat in Milas to the then much smaller Muğla , which

850-481: The statues were depicted with a lion in their hands. 37°30′N 28°00′E  /  37.5°N 28.0°E  / 37.5; 28.0 Loryma Loryma ( Ancient Greek : τὰ Λόρυμα or Λώρυμα ) was an ancient town and episcopal see of ancient Caria , in Asia Minor ( Anatolia , Asian Turkey). It is now listed as a titular see . Loryma was a fortified place with a port, close to Cape Cynossema , on

884-431: The stillness of Loryma we spent the night. The wind could be heard howling outside, against the hills that enclosed our sheltered water as if it were a mountain tarn. Only a fanning ripple touched the centre. The sound of the wind, inarticulate and busy like the world’s voice, gave an illusion of safety, of an unassailable peace. If it could penetrate, how many sleeping echoes would it waken? Athenians from Samos, dodging

918-602: The westernmost point of the Rhodian Chersonesus , in Caria. Its harbour was about 20 Roman miles distant from Rhodes and was belonging to the Rhodians. Strabo applies the name Loryma to the whole of the rocky district, without mentioning the town. The Larumna of Pomponius Mela and the Lorimna of the Tabula Peutingeriana perhaps refer to Loryma, although it is also possible that they may be identical with

952-504: Was at various times attributed to Phrygia, Lydia and Caria and seems to have been occupied by mixed nationals. Caria also comprises the headwaters of the Indus and Eriya or Eriyus and Thabusion on the border with the small state of Cibyra . Caria is often identified with the Bronze Age region of Karkiya (or Karkisa ) known from Hittite texts, though this identification is uncertain. Caria

986-573: Was confirmed when the Athenians discovered the graves of the dead from Delos . Half of it were identified as Carians based on the characteristics of the weapons they were buried with. The expansionism of Lydia under Croesus (560-546 BC) incorporated Caria briefly into Lydia before it fell before the Achaemenid advance. Caria was then incorporated into the Persian Achaemenid Empire as

1020-518: Was from Halicarnassus in Caria.". After the unsuccessful Persian invasion of Greece in 479 BC, the cities of Caria became members of the Athenian-led Delian League , but then returned to Achaemenid rule for about one century, from around 428 BC. Under Achaemenid rule, the Carian dynast Mausolus took control of neighbouring Lycia , a territory which was still held by Pixodarus as shown by

1054-557: Was introduced. The region corresponding to ancient Caria was captured by the Turks under the Menteşe Dynasty in the early 13th century. There are only indirect clues regarding the population structure under the Menteşe and the parts played in it by Turkish migration from inland regions and by local conversions. The first Ottoman Empire census records indicate, in a situation not atypical for

Amphimachus of Caria - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-498: Was later explored by the British antiquaries Theodore and Mabel Bent in March 1888. Above the bay of Loryma (modern Bozuk Bükü) lie the ruins of a curtain wall surrounding the top of the hill. Constructed from large blocks of stone shaped in-situ, the remaining walls (up to several metres high on the outside) retain very precise corners and sheer faces. Up to the 12th and 13th centuries,

1122-454: Was nevertheless better suited for controlling the southern fringes of the province. Still named Menteşe until the early decades of the 20th century, the kazas corresponding to ancient Caria are recorded by sources such as G. Sotiriadis (1918) and S. Anagiostopoulou (1997) as having a Greek population averaging at around ten per cent of the total, ranging somewhere between twelve and eighteen thousand, many of them reportedly recent immigrants from

1156-506: Was settled by Greek immigrants in the Early Iron Age . Their presence is attested by protogeometric pottery which appears in the area around 1100 BC, along with other markers of Greek material culture. The coast of Caria was part of the Doric hexapolis ("six-cities"). An account also cited that Aristotle claimed Caria, as a naval empire, occupied Epidaurus and Hermione and that this

#925074