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84-493: The county is the least populated (42.469 in 2022) and among the least prosperous ones, though it is the largest county in the country by area and includes the Plitvice Lakes National Park and Sjeverni (North) Velebit National Park, some of Croatia's major tourist attractions. The county has a total area of 5353 km. Lika-Senj County is administratively subdivided into 12 units of local government: Since

168-406: A constituent part of post-World War II Yugoslavia had approximately 100 municipalities as main governmental units and local government entities. The counties were reintroduced in 1992, but with significant territorial alterations from the pre-1922 subdivisions; for instance, before 1922 Transleithanian Croatia was divided into eight counties, but the new legislation established fourteen counties in

252-523: A county after the incorporation of the Croatian Military Frontier into Croatia–Slavonia in 1881. The counties were subsequently divided into a total of 77 districts ( Croatian : kotari , similar to Austrian Bezirke ) as governmental units. Cities ( gradovi ) and municipalities ( općine ) were local authorities. According to the 1868 Agreement and the Decree No. 18.307 of 16 November 1867 of

336-593: A disputed section in the 1868 Settlement known as the Rijeka Addendum  [ hr ] , became a corpus separatum and was legally owned by Hungary, but administered by both Croatia and Hungary. The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was ruled by the emperor of Austria , who bore the title King of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia and was confirmed by the State Sabor (Parliament of Croatia-Slavonia or Croatian-Slavonian Diet) upon accession. The King's appointed steward

420-516: A fine of 2 to 200 K or with arrest from 6 hours to 14 days and confiscate the unauthorized flag or emblem. " Data taken from the 1910 census. According to the 1910 census, illiteracy rate in Kingdom of Croatia–Slavonia was 45.9%. The lowest illiteracy was in Zagreb , Osijek and Zemun . The Royal Croatian Home Guard was the military of the Kingdom. Additionally, Croats made up 5 percent of members in

504-407: A five per cent inheritance and gift tax , a motor vehicle tax, a vessel tax and an arcade game machine tax. The counties are tasked with performing general public administration services, primary and secondary education , government funded healthcare , social welfare, administration pertaining to agriculture, forestry, hunting, fisheries, mining, industry and construction, and other services to

588-433: A four-year term by a majority of votes cast within applicable local government units, with a runoff election if no candidate achieves a majority in the first round of voting ( majoritarian vote , two-round system ). County prefects (with deputy prefects and mayor of Zagreb with his/her deputies) can be recalled by a referendum. County administrative bodies are administrative departments and services which are established for

672-399: A four-year term by popular vote ( proportional system with closed lists and d'Hondt method ) in local elections . The executive branch of each county's government is headed by a county prefect ( župan ), except that a mayor heads the city of Zagreb's executive branch. Croatia's county prefects (with two deputy prefects), mayor of Zagreb (with two deputy mayors) are elected for

756-568: A new district each. All the districts were named after the town hosting the regimental headquarters, except the district formed in First and the Second Ban's regiments' areas of responsibility which became the Ban 's District ( Banski okrug , also referred to as Banovina ). Territories of the existing eight counties were reorganised internally in 1875. Districts were abolished as their subdivisions and each county

840-694: A part of the Sava Banate and in 1939 autonomous Banovina of Croatia . The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 ( Ausgleich ) created the Dual Monarchy. Under the Compromise, Austria and Hungary each had separate parliaments (the Imperial Council and the Diet of Hungary ) that passed and maintained separate laws. Each region had its own government, headed by its own prime minister. The "common monarchy" consisted of

924-579: A statute (an act) after the royal assent (sanction). It also had to be signed by the Ban of Croatia. The King had the power to veto all legislation passed by the Diet and also to dissolve it and call new elections. If the King dissolved the Diet, he would have to call new elections during the period of three months. The parliament was summoned annually at Zagreb by the King or by the King especially appointed commissioner (usually

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1008-561: A wide internal autonomy with "national features", in reality, Croatian control over key issues such as tax and military issues was minimal and hampered by Hungary. It was internally officially referred to as the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia , also simply known as the Triune Kingdom , and had claims on Dalmatia , which was administered separately by the Austrian Cisleithania . The city of Rijeka , following

1092-565: Is Ernest Petry ( HDZ ). The county assembly is composed of 27 representatives from the following political parties: Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs. At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 25 members minority council of

1176-724: Is that the Pannonian counties were directly subject to the ruler of the Croatian state, while the counties in the south were largely hereditary, controlled by nobility. In the area between the Kvarner Gulf of the Adriatic Sea , the Mala Kapela mountain, and the rivers of Kupa and Korana , there was the Modruš County in existence in the late 11th century. The earliest recorded counties in

1260-570: The Bjelovar County spanning the territory previously under military control between the kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia and including the cities of Bjelovar (as the county capital) and Ivanić Grad . A small part of the former Varaždin Generalate (the town of Kutina ) was added to the Požega County. At the same time, the military part of Sisak was transferred to the civilian rule and added to

1344-448: The House of Trpimirović was territorially organised for purposes of administration into areas named župa . Each župa was governed either by the king directly or his representative for the territory. The title given to such representatives was župan . Gradually, the term župa was replaced in practice with županija – meaning "the territory governed by a župan . Since the 12th century,

1428-501: The Kingdom of Dalmatia (excluding Zadar and Lastovo ), became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs , which together with the Kingdom of Serbia , formed the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia ). The new Serb–Croat–Slovene Kingdom was divided into counties between 1918 and 1922 and into oblasts between 1922 and 1929. With the formation of

1512-629: The Nagodba ( Croatian–Hungarian Settlement , known also as Croatian–Hungarian Agreement or Hungarian–Croatian Compromise of 1868). This kingdom included parts of present-day Croatia and Serbia (eastern part of Syrmia ). After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 the only remaining open question of the new state was the status of Croatia, which would be solved with the Hungarian–Croatian Compromise of 1868 when agreement

1596-640: The Serbian Vojvodina respectively. At the same time, the Rijeka County was established in the territories previously included in the Hungarian Littoral – bringing the total number of counties to five. Virtually all these changes were reversed by the 1868 Croatian–Hungarian Settlement . However, the Hungarian Littoral was abolished and the legal Corups separatum was carved out of Fiume and its immediate surroundings to be ruled directly by Hungary, while

1680-470: The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . The modern University of Zagreb was founded in 1874. The Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts and Matica hrvatska were the main cultural institutions in the kingdom. In 1911 the main cultural institution in the Kingdom of Dalmatia , Matica dalmatinska, merged with Matica hrvatska. Vijenac was one of the most important cultural magazines in

1764-633: The former rebel region as one territorial unit within Croatia, including the proposal to create a new "Serb county" in the region. Present-day counties correspond to the 2021 classification of tier three of the European Union NUTS statistical regions of Croatia . Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia ( Croatian : Kraljevina Hrvatska i Slavonija ; Hungarian : Horvát-Szlavónország or Horvát–Szlavón Királyság ; German : Königreich Kroatien und Slawonien )

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1848-463: The medieval Croatian state . They reflected territorial losses and expansions; changes in the political status of Dalmatia , Dubrovnik and Istria ; and political circumstances, including the personal union and subsequent development of relations between the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and the Kingdom of Hungary . County assembly ( županijska skupština ) is a representative and deliberative body in each county. Assembly members are elected for

1932-648: The outbreak of the Croatian War of Independence and the Breakup of Yugoslavia , Croats comprised 59.7% of the population, while Serbs comprised 37%. The area of the county used to have a significant Serb population, mostly located in the eastern part of the county, where they formed a majority. The entire former Lika-Krbava County , loosely overlapping with the area of the modern Lika-Senj county, in censuses of 1900 and 1910 even registered Serb majority (51.2% and 50.8%, respectively). The current Prefect of Lika-Senj County

2016-555: The 13th and 14th century, the Croatian nobility grew stronger and the counties defined by the king were reduced to a formal framework, while military and financial power was wielded by the nobility and especially the king. Other forms of administration that overlapped with county administration in this period included the Roman Catholic Church and the free royal cities , and separately the cities of Dalmatia. In such circumstances,

2100-535: The 1870 reform following the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement, powers of the counties were transformed. They became less independent from the central government in determination of local government policies. The traditional division of Croatia into counties was abolished in 1922, when the oblasts of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes were introduced; these were later replaced by the banovinas of Yugoslavia . Socialist Republic of Croatia , as

2184-690: The Austro-Hungarian Common Army , a higher proportion than the percentage of the general population of the empire they composed. Notable Croatians in the Austro-Hungarian Army included Field Marshal Svetozar Boroević , commander of the Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops Emil Uzelac , commander of the Austro-Hungarian Navy Maximilian Njegovan and Josip Broz Tito who later became Marshal and President of

2268-581: The Ban). It was unicameral , but alongside 88 elected deputies (in 1888), 44 ex officio members were Croatian and Slavonian high nobility (male princes, counts and barons – similar to hereditary peers – over the age of 24 who paid at least 1,000 florins a year land tax), high dignitaries of the Roman Catholic , Greek Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches and supreme county prefects ( veliki župani ) of all Croatian–Slavonian counties . Legislative term

2352-638: The Compromise (or Nagodba in Croatian) in 1868, giving the Croats a special status in Hungary. The agreement granted the Croats autonomy over their internal affairs. The Croatian Ban would now be nominated by the joint Croatian–Hungarian government led by the Hungarian Prime Minister, and appointed by the king. Areas of "common" concern to Hungarians and Croats included finance, currency matters, commercial policy,

2436-956: The Croatian Parliament in 1865 , 1867 , 1871 , 1872 , 1878 , 1881 , 1883 , 1884 , 1887 , 1892 , 1897 , 1901 , 1906 , 1908 , 1910 , 1911 , 1913 . Main political parties represented in the Parliament were People's Party (People's Liberal Party), Independent People's Party (after 1880), Croatian-Hungarian Party (People's (National) Constitutional Party or Unionist Party) (1868–1873), Party of Rights , Pure Party of Rights (after 1895), Starčević's Party of Rights (after 1908), Serb Independent Party (after 1881), Croatian Peoples' Peasant Party (after 1904), Croat-Serb Coalition (after 1905) etc. The Autonomous Government or Land Government, officially "Royal Croatian–Slavonian–Dalmatian Land Government"( Croatian : Zemaljska vlada or Kraljevska hrvatsko–slavonsko–dalmatinska zemaljska vlada )

2520-594: The Croatian–Hungarian entity of the Monarchy. The Croatian Parliament or the Royal Croatian–Slavonian–Dalmatian Sabor ( Croatian : Kraljevski Hrvatsko–slavonsko–dalmatinski sabor or Sabor Kraljevina Hrvatske, Slavonije i Dalmacije ) had legislative authority over the autonomous issues according to the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868. A draft law (bill), approved by the Diet, became

2604-645: The Department of the Interior of the Royal Country Government: The red–white–blue tricolor is the civil flag in the Kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia, which with the united coat of arms of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia with the crown of St. Stephen on top is the official flag for usage in autonomous affairs. The aforementioned civil flag may be used by everyone in an appropriate way. It was also stated that

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2688-523: The Hungarian version neither Hungary, nor Croatia, Dalmatia and Slavonia are styled kingdoms, and Erdély is not even mentioned, while the Settlement is named as the Settlement between Parliament of Hungary and Parliament of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia. Both versions received Royal sanction and both as such became fundamental laws of the state with constitutional importance, pursuant to article 69. and 70. of

2772-594: The Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia was the Table of Seven in Zagreb ("Table of Septemvirs" or "Court of Seven"; Croatian : Stol sedmorice , Latin : Tabula Septemviralis ), while the second-level court ( court of appeal ) was the Ban's Table or Ban's Court ( Croatian : Banski stol , Latin : Tabula Banalis ) in Zagreb. After the judicial reorganization of 1874 – 1886 (complete separation of judicial and administrative power, laws on judges' independence and judicial organization,

2856-509: The Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia, the title would be styled as "Ban of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia" (putting Slavonia before Dalmatia and omitting "Kingdom"). The laws passed in Croatia–Slavonia used the phrase "Kingdom of Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia". In Hungarian, Croatia is referred to as Horvátország and Slavonia as Szlavónia . The combined polity was known by the official name of Horvát-Szlavón Királyság . The short form of

2940-598: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929, most of the territory of the former Kingdom of Croatia–Slavonia became a part of the Sava Banovina , and most of the former Kingdom of Dalmatia became part of the Littoral Banovina . On the basis of the political agreement between Dragiša Cvetković and Vlatko Maček ( Cvetković-Maček Agreement ) and the "Decree on the Banovina of Croatia " ( Uredba o Banovini Hrvatskoj ) dated 24 August 1939,

3024-589: The Lika-Senj County while Albanians and Bosniaks of Croatia fulfilled requirements to elect individual representative but with both representatives remaining unelected due to the absence of candidatures. Some municipalities and towns in the county elected their own local minority councils as well. 44°42′25″N 15°10′26″E  /  44.707°N 15.174°E  / 44.707; 15.174 Counties of Croatia Recent referendums The counties of Croatia ( Croatian : hrvatske županije ) are

3108-538: The Local Courts and Local Courts Procedure Act of 1875 as special tribunals for minor civil cases. The Royal Court Table in Zagreb was also a jury court for press offences. Judges were appointed by the king, but their independence was legally guaranteed. In 1886, under Croatian ban Dragutin Khuen-Héderváry , Croatia–Slavonia was divided into eight counties ( županije , known as comitatus ): Lika-Krbava became

3192-1546: The Organization of Courts of the First Instance Act of 1874 (with 1886 amendments), the Judicial Power Act of 1874 and the Judges' Disciplinary Responsibility (etc.) Act of 1874, the Croatian Criminal Procedure Act of 1875, the Croatian Criminal Procedure Press Offences Act of 1875) and reincorporation of Croatian Military Frontier and Slavonian Military Frontier in 1881; courts of first instance became 9 royal court tables with collegiate judgeships ( Croatian : kraljevski sudbeni stolovi in Zagreb , Varaždin , Bjelovar , Petrinja , Gospić , Ogulin , Požega , Osijek and Mitrovica ; criminal and major civil jurisdiction ; all of which had been former county courts and Land Court/ Royal County Court Table in Zagreb), approximately 63 royal district courts with single judges ( Croatian : kraljevski kotarski sudovi ; mainly civil and misdemeanor jurisdiction ; former district administrative and judicial offices and city courts) and local courts ( Croatian : mjesni sudovi ), also with single judges, which were established in each municipality and city according to

3276-452: The Ottoman defeat in the 1716–1718 Austro-Turkish War , the territories organised in counties were expanded in 1745. The territorial expansion was accompanied by an expansion of county prerogatives: The head of the county – supremus comes ( veliki župan ) – was authorised to govern in a range administrative, judicial and military affairs in the name of the king. Males of legal age residing in

3360-674: The Settlement. With this compromise the parliament of personal union (in which Croatia–Slavonia had only twenty-nine, after 1881 – forty deputies) controlled the military, the financial system, Sea (Maritime) Law, Commercial Law, the law of Bills of Exchange and Mining Law, and generally matters of commerce, customs, telegraphs, Post Office, railways, harbours, shipping, and those roads and rivers which jointly concern Hungary and Croatia–Slavonia. Similarly to these affairs, trade matters including hawking, likewise with regard to societies which do not exist for public gain, and also with regard to passports, frontier police, citizenship and naturalization,

3444-585: The Zagreb County, while the Rijeka County received demilitarised Senj. In 1873, the remainder of the Croatian and Slavonian Military Frontiers was demilitarised and transferred to the civil authority. Ban Ivan Mažuranić organised the thus acquired territory by establishing six districts. Area of responsibility of each of the three Slavonian Military Frontier regiments was made a district. Elsewhere, two regimental areas of responsibility were combined to form

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3528-702: The area between Sava and Drava rivers date back to the 12th century. Those counties are identified as the Zagreb , Varaždin, Virovitica , and Križevci  [ hr ] counties – with the Križevci County reported as the largest of them all. At the same time, Vrbas, Sana and Dubica counties were established to the south of the Sava River (in areas around Vrbas , Sana and the Dubica Fortress  [ bs ] near present-day Dubica respectively) as territories administered by royal appointees on behalf of

3612-593: The counties have also been referred to by the Latin term comitatus . Since the 20th century, English-language sources use the term county to refer to županija . The number of counties, their extent and authority have varied significantly, reflecting: changes in the relative levels of power wielded by kings and nobility; territorial changes in the course of the Croatian–Ottoman Wars ; and societal and political changes through several centuries. Sources disagree on

3696-473: The counties were set up as self-governmental units in contrast to earlier county incarnations since the Middle Ages. Each had an assembly with the wealthiest taxpayers comprising half the assembly members and elected members comprising the remaining half. One assembly member was meant to represent 2000 county residents. The assemblies appointed administrative committees as their executive bodies The supremus comes

3780-519: The county whose family originates from the county were eligible to be appointed the supremus comes . His duties were discharged through two deputies for judiciary and administration respectively, judges, as well as other professionals such as lawyers, physicians, engineers, tax collectors, etc. This expansion saw establishment of the Virovitica, Požega, and Syrmia counties. In 1778, the Severin County

3864-533: The design of the shield. The unofficial coat of arms was the preferred design and its widespread use was the reason that the Ban issued a Decree on 21 November 1914, stating that it had become " a custom in the Kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia to use flags that are not adequate either in state-juridical or in political sense " and which strengthened flag related laws. It reiterated the aforementioned definitions of Croatian flags from 1867 and further stated that " Police authorities shall punish violations of this Decree with

3948-545: The early 20th century the county's population has been shrinking. As of the 2021 census, the county had 42.893 residents. As of 2011 census, the county had 50,927 residents. The population density is 9.5/km. Croatian State Bureau of Statistics estimated population of the county to stand at 45,493 in 2017, 45,184 in 2018, and 44,625 in 2019. Ethnic Croats form the majority with 84.15% of the population, followed by Serbs at 13.65%. Serbs form majority in municipalities of Vrhovine , Donji Lapac , and Udbina . In 1991, before

4032-473: The economy at the county level, as well as road transport infrastructure management and issuing of building and location permits and other documents concerning construction in the county area excluding the area of the big city and the county seat city; the central government and local (city and municipal) governments may also perform each of those tasks at their respective levels according to the law. The Croatian County Association ( Hrvatska zajednica županija )

4116-587: The eight counties kept their existing names, but most of them were expanded to encompass (together with the newly established counties) the former districts previously established in place of the Military Frontier. The sub-counties were abolished, and subdivisions of the counties into districts and administrative municipalities was introduced. This arrangement remained in effect until the Croatian counties were abolished in 1922, while some minor adjustments of county boundaries happened in 1913. Through 1886 reform,

4200-493: The emblem for "joint affairs of the territories of the Hungarian Crown" is formed by the united coat of arms of Hungary and Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia . However, there existed several variations of the internally used version of the flag, with some variants using an unofficial type of crown or simply omitting the crown instead of using the officially prescribed Hungarian Crown of St. Stephen. There were also variations in

4284-529: The emperor-king and the common ministers of foreign affairs, defense and finance in Vienna. The Compromise confirmed Croatia–Slavonia's historic, eight-centuries-old relationship with Hungary and perpetuated the division of the Croat lands, for both Dalmatia and Istria remained under Austrian administration (as Kingdom of Dalmatia and Margraviate of Istria ). At Franz Joseph 's insistence, Hungary and Croatia reached

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4368-467: The fact that the counties receive the bulk of the funds needed for specific purposes from the central government budget and transfers them on. This contributes to the sense of absence of responsibility of the counties for the funds. In turn, that leads to very little or no incentive for improvements to spending efficiency or better collection of the county-level taxes. After year 2000, all those considerations have contributed to an ongoing debate in Croatia on

4452-510: The first-level administrative subdivisions of the Republic of Croatia . Since they were re-established in 1992, Croatia has been divided into 20 counties and the capital city of Zagreb , which has the authority and legal status of both a county and a city (separate from the surrounding Zagreb County ). As of 2015, the counties are subdivided into 128 cities and 428 (mostly rural) municipalities . The divisions have changed over time since

4536-485: The formal title of the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia , thereby pressing its claim on the Kingdom of Dalmatia . But Dalmatia was a Kronland within the imperial Austrian part of Austria-Hungary (also known as Cisleithania ). The claim was, for most of the time, supported by the Hungarian government, which backed Croatia–Slavonia in an effort to increase its share of the dual state. The union between

4620-443: The king. Another county established south of Sava in the same period was the Glaž County. Just as the Vrbas, Sana, and Dubica counties, sources locate the Glaž County to the northwestern Bosnia , but disagree on its location, placing it around the Ukrina river or, like historian Pál Engel , equating its seat Glaž  [ hr ] with the city of Banja Luka . Engel further noted that Tvrtko I of Bosnia may have surrendered

4704-422: The kingdom. In 1867 the Zagreb Synagogue was built. The first railway line opened in the kingdom was the Zidani Most – Zagreb – Sisak route which began operations in 1862. The Zaprešić – Varaždin – Čakovec line was opened in 1886 and the Vinkovci – Osijek line was opened in 1910. The Croatian Sports Association was formed in 1909 with Franjo Bučar as its president. While Austria-Hungary had competed in

4788-441: The kingdom. The building of the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb was opened in 1895. The Croatian National Theatre in Osijek was established in 1907. The Sisters of Charity Hospital in Zagreb was the first established in the kingdom. Roughly 75% of the population were Roman Catholic, with the remaining 25% Orthodox. The Catholic Church had the following hierarchy within the kingdom: In 1890, there were 17,261 Jews living in

4872-405: The legislation was joint, but the executive in respect of these affairs was reserved to Kingdom of Croatia–Slavonia. The citizenship was named "Hungarian–Croatian citizenship" in Croatia–Slavonia. In the end, fifty-five per cent of the total income of Croatia–Slavonia were assigned to the Joint Treasury ("Joint Hungarian–Croatian Ministry of Finance"). The kingdom existed until 1918 when it joined

4956-430: The modern Olympics since the inaugural games in 1896, the Austrian Olympic Committee and Hungarian Olympic Committee held the exclusive right to send their athletes to the games. The association organized a national football league in 1912. In 1918, during the last days of World War I , the Croatian parliament abolished the Hungarian–Croatian personal union, and both parts of the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia and

5040-417: The name was Horvát-Szlavónország and, less frequently Horvát-Tótország . The order of mentioning Dalmatia was a contentious issue, as it was ordered differently in the Croatian- and Hungarian-language versions of the 1868 Settlement. The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was created in 1868, when the former kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia were joined into one single kingdom (the full civil administration

5124-409: The need of consolidation or abolition of the counties in political forums. Opinions on the matter differ considerably. They range from improving efficiency while retaining the existing counties, to consolidation to obtain nine counties, and abolition of the counties in favour of establishment of an administrative division of Croatia in five regions and potentially sub-regions. Medieval Croatia under

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5208-408: The newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs , which together with the Kingdom of Serbia formed the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes . The new Serb–Croat–Slovene Kingdom was divided into counties between 1918 and 1922 and into oblasts between 1922 and 1929. With the formation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929, most of the territory of the former Kingdom of Croatia–Slavonia became

5292-411: The nobility had little incentive to perform county duties and often appointed deputies to preside over county court proceedings hearing matters of little importance once every two weeks – as all major issues were normally delegated by royal exemptions to be ruled upon on a case-by-case basis. This further diminished significance of the counties. Modruš County ceased to exist as an administrative unit as it

5376-414: The number of counties in the medieval Croatian state. The situation is further complicated by existence of nobility-owned lands enjoying special statuses. Historians Ivan Beuc and Josip Vrbošić note that the following eleven counties are normally listed as the oldest known: In addition to the above, other sources like historian Neven Budak list further three 10th century counties located to the northwest of

5460-465: The performance of works in the self-governing domain of the county, as well as for the performance of works of state administration transferred to the county. Administrative departments and services are managed by heads (principals) nominated by the county prefect based on a public competition. The counties are funded by the central government, as well as by revenue generated by county-owned businesses, county taxes and county fees. The county taxes include

5544-453: The post office, and the railroad. Croatian became the official language of Croatia's government, and Croatian representatives discussing "common" affairs before the Croatian–Hungarian diet were permitted to speak Croatian. A ministry of Croatian Affairs was created within the Hungarian government. Although the Nagodba provided a measure of political autonomy to Croatia–Slavonia, it was subordinated politically and economically to Hungary in

5628-410: The remainder of the Rijeka County (also referred to as the Croatian Littoral ) was a part of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia – itself a product of merger of Croatia and Slavonia, consisting of seven counties after the settlement. In 1871, the Varaždin Generalate of the Croatian Military Frontier was abolished by the central authorities of the recently established Austria-Hungary and the bulk of

5712-503: The same territory. Međimurje County was established in the eponymous region acquired through the 1920 Treaty of Trianon . The county borders have sometimes changed since their 1992 restoration (for reasons such as historical ties and requests by cities); the latest revision took place in 2006. After the end of the Croatian War of Independence and during the UNTAES process in eastern Croatia, local Serb population and representatives unsuccessfully proposed various initiatives to preserve

5796-423: The seat of the county to Hungarian rule by a treaty of 1357. Under the treaty, a part of Hum lands was ceded as dowry of Elizabeth of Bosnia . In the 13th century, the Požega and Vuka counties were established in the area of the modern-day Slavonia to the east of Virovitica and Križevci counties. The Požega, Vuka, Virovitica and Križevci counties were also referred to as the south-Hungarian counties. In

5880-418: The start of rule of the House of Habsburg , only three counties remained due to territorial losses to the Ottoman Empire – Zagreb, Varaždin , and Križevci counties. The gradual decline of importance of the counties, already present before the Habsburg era, continued as the Ottoman threat increased. Following the Ottoman defeat in the Great Turkish War and the subsequent 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz , as well as

5964-414: The territory encompassed by the eleven counties centered around Gacka , Krbava and Lika – and named after those toponyms. There are indications that there were further contemporary counties in Lower Pannonia north of Gvozd Mountain (referred to as the Pannonian Croatia in some sources) in the same period. However, their existence is poorly documented. The prevailing opinion in Croatian historiography

6048-633: The titles, but even the same institutions would at the same time use different naming standards for the same institution. For instance, when the Imperial and Royal Court in Vienna would list the Croatian Ban as one of the Great Officers of State in the Kingdom of Hungary ( Barones Regni ), the style used would be Regnorum Croatiae, Dalmatiae et Slavoniae Banus , but when the Court would list the highest officials of

6132-584: The two primarily Croatian lands of Austria-Hungary never took place, however. According to the Article 53 of the Croatian–Hungarian Agreement , governing Croatia's political status in the Hungarian-ruled part of Austria-Hungary, the ban's official title was "Ban of Kingdom of Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia". Not only would different parts of the Monarchy at the same time use different styles of

6216-697: Was a nominally autonomous kingdom and constitutionally defined separate political nation within the Austro-Hungarian Empire . It was created in 1868 by merging the kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia following the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868. It was associated with the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual Austro-Hungarian state, being within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen , also known as Transleithania . While Croatia had been granted

6300-470: Was appointed by the king and county officials by the Ban. Administration of each county had six members elected by the county assembly, while the remaining members were county officials ex officio ( supremus comes and deputies, county health supervisor etc.). Counties were divided into districts ( Croatian kotari as government units similar to Austrian Bezirke ), while municipalities ( općine ) and cities ( gradovi ) were units of local self-government. In

6384-479: Was broken up into multiple feudal estates. Vuka, Požega and Virovitica counties were lost to the Ottoman conquest. The Vuka County became defunct in the early 16th century, Požega was conquered in 1537, and Virovitica in 1552. The Vrbas, Sana and Dubica counties also existed until the Ottoman conquest, while Glaž was last mentioned in preserved historical records in 1469. At the time of 1527 election in Cetin and

6468-543: Was divided into two to four sub-counties ( podžupanija ). There were also some changes to the borders of the counties. The most significant was transfer of a portion of the Bjelovar County to the Križevci County. In 1886, new legislation on the territories of the counties. Rijeka, Bjelovar, and Križevci counties were abolished, but the Lika-Krbava , Bjelovar-Križevci , and Modruš-Rijeka counties were established. Five of

6552-662: Was established in 1869 with its seat in Zagreb (Croatian Parliament Act No. II of 1869). Until 1914 it possessed three departments: At the head of the Autonomous Government in Croatia–Slavonia stood the Ban , who was responsible to the Croatian–Slavonian Diet. The Ban was appointed by the King, on the proposal and under the counter-signature of the Joint Hungarian minister-president . List of bans (viceroys) from 1868 until 1918: The supreme court of

6636-776: Was established in 2003 as a framework for inter-county cooperation. County spending accounts for 15 per cent of the total local-government spending in Croatia. The balance is spent by cities and municipalities. Approximately one half of the total spent by the counties is channeled into their primary fields of competence – secondary and vocational education, and financing of maintenance and running costs of healthcare and social welfare institutions. There are instances where individual counties also provide services otherwise delegated to lower-level self-government, such as primary education and spatial planning in cases where those units could not set up those services. The counties are criticized for inefficient spending. The criticism primarily stems from

6720-719: Was established south of Zagreb, extending to the Adriatic Sea. In 1786, the Severin County was abolished. Its coastal areas extending from Fiume (modern-day Rijeka) to Senj to form the Hungarian Littoral , while the remainder was added to the Zagreb County. In the 1850s, during the period of Bach's absolutism that followed the revolutions in the Austrian Empire Križevci and Syrmia counties were abolished and their territories added to neighbouring counties and to

6804-422: Was introduced in the Kingdom of Slavonia in 1745 and it was, as one of the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen , administratively included into both the Kingdom of Croatia and Kingdom of Hungary , but it existed virtually until 1868). The Croatian parliament, elected in a questionable manner, confirmed the subordination of Croatia–Slavonia to Hungary in 1868 with signing of Hungarian–Croatian union constitution called

6888-495: Was reached between the Diet of Hungary on one hand and the Croatian Parliament on the other hand, with regard to the composition by a joint enactment of the constitutional questions at issue between them. Settlement reached between Hungary and Croatia was in Croatian version of the Settlement named "The Settlement between Kingdom of Hungary, united with Erdély on the one side and the Kingdoms of Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia ". In

6972-477: Was the Ban of Croatia and Slavonia. On 21 October 1918, Emperor Karl I , known as King Karlo IV in Croatia, issued a Trialist manifest , which was ratified by the Hungarian side on the next day and which unified all Croatian Crown Lands. One week later, on 29 October 1918, the Croatian State Sabor proclaimed an independent kingdom which entered the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs . The kingdom used

7056-501: Was three years, after 1887 – five years. The Croatian Parliament elected twenty-nine (after reincorporation of Croatian Military Frontier and Slavonian Military Frontier in 1881 – forty) deputies to the House of Representatives and two members (after 1881 – three) to the House of Magnates of the Diet of Hungary. The delegates of Croatia–Slavonia were allowed to use Croatian in the proceedings, but they voted personally. The Kingdom of Croatia–Slavonia held independent elections for

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