125-656: Kitchener-Waterloo Collegiate and Vocational School , commonly called Kitchener Collegiate Institute or KCI , is a public secondary school in Kitchener, Ontario , Canada. It is a member of the Waterloo Region District School Board . The school dates from 1855, making it one of the oldest high schools in Kitchener and Waterloo . Its sports teams are known as the Raiders. The school opened on April 2, 1855, as
250-617: A double-headed eagle was used. The colours red and white were also significant during this period. When the Holy Roman Empire took part in the Crusades , a war flag was flown alongside the black-gold imperial banner. This flag, known as the "Saint George Flag", was a white cross on a red background: the reverse of the St George's Cross used as the flag of England , and similar to the flag of Denmark . Red and white were also colours of
375-543: A further education college or sixth form college to prepare themselves for a wide range of apprenticeships and study. Major provider of vocational qualifications include the Business and Technology Education Council , City and Guilds of London Institute and Edexcel . Higher National Certificates and Higher National Diplomas typically require 1 and 2 years of full-time study and credit from either HNE or Diplomas can be transferred toward an undergraduate degree. Along with
500-500: A grammar school if they pass the eleven plus exam ; there are also a number of isolated fully selective grammar schools and a few dozen partially selective schools . The oldest state school in England is Beverley Grammar School , which was founded in 700 AD. The French educational system is highly centralised, organised, and ramified. It is divided into three stages: Schooling in France
625-572: A selective school system where admission is restricted on the basis of selection criteria, usually academic performance. The term is commonly used in relation to England and Wales, where comprehensive schools were introduced as state schools on an experimental basis in the 1940s and became more widespread from 1965. About 90% of English secondary school pupils attend a comprehensive state school. Comprehensive schools provide an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. A consequence of that
750-549: A Kitchener school closure, and the WRDSB decided to update KCI's aging infrastructure. Regardless of the enormous job and associated costs, In 2004, football coach Ed Dietrich was selected runner-up "NFL/CFL High School Coach of the Year". In 2005, the school celebrated its 150th anniversary reunion from May 27–29. In 2006, the school underwent extensive renovations, funded by the provincial government. Some students are concerned that there
875-594: A banner). The Holy Roman Empire (800/962 – 1806, known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512) did not have a national flag, but black and gold were used as colours of the Holy Roman Emperor and featured in the imperial banner: a black eagle on a golden background. After the late 13th or early 14th century, the claws and beak of the eagle were coloured red. From the early 15th century,
1000-572: A fine. However, public use of flags similar to the Bundesdienstflagge (e.g. using the actual coat of arms instead of the Bundesschild ) is tolerated, and such flags are sometimes seen at international sporting events. In addition to the normal horizontal format, many public buildings in Germany use vertical flags . Most town halls fly their town flag together with the national flag (and usually
1125-591: A flag with three equal horizontal bands of red, black, and red, with gold trim and a golden oak branch across the black band, following the colours of the uniforms of the Free Corps. The famous gymnast and student union ( Burschenschaften ) founder Friedrich Ludwig Jahn proposed a black-red-gold banner for the Burschen. Some members interpreted the colours as a rebirth of the Imperial black-yellow colours embellished with
1250-470: A fraction of the unit cost of government schools. The teacher to student ratio is usually much lower in private schools than in the government ones, creating more competitive students. Education in India is provided by the public sector as well as the private sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. The Nalanda University was the oldest university-system of education in
1375-462: A governmental entity. Private school generally refers to primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions that are not government-owned. Elementary, middle, and high schools that are operated by a religious organization are commonly called parochial schools , though, in practice, the term is generally used to refer only to schools operated by the Catholic Church or mainline denominations;
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#17328561529221500-461: A large number of private schools and universities. In the United States , the term "state school" is colloquial for state university , a college, and a university in a state university system. It is also used by state governments in the names of juvenile prisons , and facilities for disabled people. Instead, the term "public school" is used for elementary, middle, and high schools funded or run by
1625-547: A new gymnasium, auditorium, front hall, and classrooms, including a classroom east wing. Construction started on July 2, 1922, and the new school opened on September 4, 1923. At the formal opening on April 4, 1924, the school received its current name, Kitchener Collegiate and Vocational Institute. The 1924 enrolment of 550 students had increased to 1,418 students by 1932. Because of cramped conditions, grade 9 classes were held in downtown Victoria Public School and in neighbouring King Edward Public School from 1933 to 1951, when
1750-570: A number of flag-flying days in Germany. Following federal decree on 22 March 2005, the flag must be flown from public buildings on the following dates. Only 1 May and 3 October are public holidays. Election days for the Bundestag and the European Parliament are also flag days in some states, in addition to other state-specific flag days. The public display of flags to mark other events, such as
1875-416: A part of the free education. With the establishment of the provincial council system in the 1980s the central government handed control of most schools to local governments. However the old schools which had been around since the colonial times were retained by the central government, thus creating three types of government schools: National Schools, Provincial Schools, and Piriven. National Schools come under
2000-401: A pre-school class (mandatory since 2009), the 9-year obligatory course and a voluntary 11th year. It thus caters for pupils aged 6 to 17. It is also possible for parents to send their children to various kinds of private schools . These schools also receive government funding, although they are not public. In addition to this funding, these schools may charge a fee from the parents. England has
2125-522: A state school or government school refers to a school that is state-controlled. These are officially called public schools according to the South African Schools Act of 1996, but it is a term that is not used colloquially. The Act recognised two categories of schools: public and independent. Independent schools include all private schools and schools that are privately governed. Independent schools with low tuition fees are state-aided and receive
2250-477: A strong state-funded school system. There are a number of categories of English state-funded schools including academy schools , community schools , faith schools , foundation schools , free schools , grammar schools , maths schools , studio schools, university technical colleges , state boarding schools and City Technology Colleges . About one third of English state-funded schools are faith schools ; i.e. affiliated with religious groups, most often from
2375-520: A subsidy on a sliding-scale. Traditional private schools that charge high fees receive no state subsidy. State schools are all state-owned, including section 21 schools, formerly referred to as "model C" or semi-private schools, that have a governing body and a degree of budget autonomy, as these are still fully owned and accountable to the state. Under the Canadian constitution , public-school education in Canada
2500-512: A symbol of German democracy, but also of resistance to political extremism. This was summarised by the organisation's first chairman, Otto Hörsing , who described their task as a "struggle against the swastika and the Soviet star ". In the face of the increasingly violent conflicts between the communists and Nazis, the growing polarisation of the German population and a multitude of other factors, mainly
2625-507: Is a primary or secondary school that educates all students without charge. They are funded in whole or in part by taxation and operated by the government of the state. State-funded schools are global with each country showcasing distinct structures and curricula. Government-funded education spans from primary to secondary levels, covering ages 4 to 18. Alternatives to this system include homeschooling , private schools , charter schools , and other educational options. In South Africa ,
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#17328561529222750-608: Is a 12-year compulsory education program from the government. The Indonesian educational system is divided into three stages: Most students attend public schools through the lower secondary level, but private education is popular at the upper secondary and university levels. The first public education system on record was put in place during the Koryo Dynasty. The national school system was put in place under Hak-Je ( Korean : 학제 ; Hanja : 學制 ; lit. Education Policy) enacted by King Seong Jong, which
2875-468: Is a provincial responsibility and, as such, there are many variations among the provinces. Junior kindergarten or equivalent exists as an official program in Ontario and Quebec while kindergarten or equivalent is available in every province, but provincial funding and the level of hours provided varies widely. Starting at grade one, at about age six, there is universal Crown-funded access up to grade twelve, or
3000-673: Is a responsibility shared by the national government, the provinces and federal district and private institutions, though basic guidelines have historically been set by the Ministry of Education. Closely associated in Argentina with President Domingo Sarmiento 's assertion that "the sovereign should be educated." The word "sovereign" refers to the people. Education has been extended nearly universally and its maintenance remains central to political and cultural debate. Even though education at all levels, including universities, has always been free, there are
3125-419: Is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning. Technical education in state schools are introduced during the secondary school years and goes on into further education (FE) and higher education (HE). Further education incorporates vocational oriented education as well as a combination of general secondary education. Students can also go on to
3250-521: Is appointed or elected to co-ordinate the state department of education, the state board of education, and the state legislature. Statewide education policies are disseminated to school districts or their equivalents. They are associated with counties, or with groups of counties, but their boundaries are not necessarily coterminous with county boundaries. The intermediate school districts encompass many local school districts. Local school districts operate with their own local boards, which oversee operations of
3375-616: Is called gold, not yellow. When the black–red–gold tricolour was adopted by the Weimar Republic as its flag, it was attacked by conservatives , monarchists , and the far right , who referred to the colours with spiteful nicknames such as Schwarz–Rot–Gelb (black–red–yellow) or even Schwarz–Rot–Senf (black–red–mustard). When the Nazis came to power in 1933, the black–white–red colours of pre-1918 Imperial Germany were swiftly reintroduced, and their propaganda machine continued to discredit
3500-413: Is essentially a daycare facility. French secondary education is divided into two schools: The completion of secondary studies leads to the baccalauréat . The baccalauréat (also known as bac ) is the end-of- lycée diploma students sit for in order to enter university , a Classe préparatoire aux grandes écoles , or professional life. The term baccalauréat refers to the diploma and
3625-520: Is increasingly common in which the elementary school contains kindergarten or 1st grade to 5th or 6th grade and the middle School contains 6th or 7th and 8th grade. In addition, some elementary schools are splitting into two levels, sometimes in separate buildings: elementary school (usually K–2) and intermediate (3–5). Some middle schools are different. The K–8 format is also an emerging popular concept in which students may attend only two schools for all of their K–12 education. Many charter schools feature
3750-441: Is mandatory as of age three. Primary education takes place in kindergarten ( école maternelle ) for children from 3 to 6 and ( école élémentaire ) from 6 to 11. For public schools, both schools building and administrative staff are managed by the borough's ( commune ) while professors are ( Education nationale ) civil servants. Some children even start earlier at age two in pré-maternelle or garderie class, which
3875-495: Is not forbidden, unlike specific Nazi symbols such as the aforementioned swastika. Black-red-gold is the official flag of the Federal Republic of Germany. As an official symbol of the constitutional order, it is protected against defamation . According to §90a of the German penal code, the consequences are a fine or imprisonment up to three years. The German association with the colours black , red , and gold surfaced in
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4000-553: Is provided to a large extent by the government, with control coming from state level, ( Länder ) and funding coming from two levels: federal and state. Curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set through the respective state's ministry of education. Decisions about the acknowledgment of private schools (the German equivalent to accreditation in the US) are also made by these ministries. However, public schools are automatically recognised, since these schools are supervised directly by
4125-426: Is still no air conditioning. In March 2017, KCI opened its renovated main office. The space now includes a new meeting room, staff mailbox area and unisex washrooms; construction used wood reclaimed from the original office. The school colours are red, yellow, and black (adopted from the flag of Germany because of the city's German heritage), and its motto is Veritas Vincat ( Latin , May Truth Prevail); until 1916
4250-574: Is the Education Act of 1996. Education may be obtained from government-sponsored schools, private schools , or through homeschooling . By law, primary education is compulsory . As in other Asian countries such as Singapore and China, standardised tests are a common feature. Philippines has had a public education system since 1863 and is the oldest in Asia. It was created during the Spanish colonization of
4375-791: The Reichskriegsflagge (war flag of the Reich), which has been revived in the present for similar use. Many nationalist political parties during the Weimar period—such as the German National People's Party (see poster) and the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party)—used the imperial colours, a practice that has continued today with the National Democratic Party of Germany . On 24 February 1924,
4500-555: The Bundesschild is displayed in the centre of the flag, overlapping with up to one fifth of the black and gold bands. When hung like a banner or draped, the black band should be on the left, as illustrated. When flown from a vertical flagpole, the black band must face the staff. The only type of vertical flag that can be flown under the Federal Government Decree is a banner. Flags in vertical format, vertical flags with outrigger and hanging flags are not permitted. Since
4625-643: The Schwarz–Rot–Gold , using the same derogatory terms as previously used by the monarchists. On 24 December 1951, the Federal Court of Justice ( Bundesgerichtshof ) stated that the usage of "black–red–yellow" and the like had "through years of Nazi agitation, attained the significance of a malicious slander against the democratic symbols of the state" and was now an offence. As summarised by heraldist Arnold Rabbow in 1968, "the German colours are black–red–yellow but they are called black–red–gold." There are
4750-549: The série littéraire (L) focuses on French and foreign languages and philosophy . The Grandes écoles of France are higher education establishments outside the mainstream framework of the public universities . They are generally focused on a single subject area, such as engineering , have a moderate size, and are often quite (sometimes extremely) selective in their admission of students. They are widely regarded as prestigious, and traditionally have produced most of France's scientists and executives . Education in Germany
4875-675: The Church of England (approximately 2/3 of faith schools), or the Roman Catholic Church (around 3/10). There are also schools affiliated to other Christian churches; in 2011, there were 42 Jewish, 12 Muslim, 3 Sikh and 1 Hindu faith schools. These faith schools include sub-categories such as faith- academy schools , voluntary aided schools , and voluntary controlled schools : most voluntary controlled schools are faith schools. All of these are funded through national and local taxation. All state-funded schools in England are required to follow
5000-511: The German Confederation was definitely restored under Austrian-Prussian leadership. The tricolour remained official but was no longer used before 1863 at a conference of the German governments. Afterwards, the most pressing issue was whether or not to include Austria in any future German nation, as Austria's status as a multi-ethnic empire complicated the dream of a united Greater Germany—the grossdeutsch solution. Alternatively, there
5125-474: The Hanseatic League (13th–17th century). Hanseatic trading ships were identifiable by their red-white pennants, and most Hanseatic cities adopted red and white as their city colours (see Hanseatic flags ). Red and white still feature as the colours of many former Hanseatic cities such as Hamburg or Bremen . When Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz was appointed by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor to rule
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5250-645: The Imperial elector state that was a predecessor of the Kingdom of Prussia. The absence of gold from the flag also made it clear that this German state did not include the "black and gold" monarchy of Austria. In the Franco-Prussian War , the remaining southern German states allied with the North German Confederation, leading to the unification of Germany . A new constitution of 1871 gave the federal state
5375-481: The National Curriculum , which is made up of twelve subjects. Every state school must offer a curriculum which is balanced and broadly based and which promotes the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils at the school and of society, and prepares pupils at the school for the opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life. For each of the statutory curriculum subjects,
5500-638: The Secretary of State for Education is required to set out a Programme of Study which outlines the content and matters which must be taught in those subjects at the relevant Key Stages. Teachers should set high expectations for every pupil. They should plan stretching work for pupils whose attainment is significantly above the expected standard. Teachers should use appropriate assessment to set targets which are deliberately ambitious. A high number of state-funded secondary schools are specialist schools , receiving extra funding to develop one or more subjects in which
5625-595: The Weimar Republic of 1919–1933 and the Federal Republic (since 1949). They were also adopted by the German Democratic Republic (1949–1990). The colours black-white-red appeared for the first time in 1867 in the constitution of the North German Confederation . This nation state for Prussia and other north and central German states was expanded to the south German states in 1870–71, under
5750-526: The colours of Prussia (black and white) with the Hanseatic colours (red and white). In the following year, the constitution of the North German Confederation was enacted, where a horizontal black-white-red tricolour was declared to be both the civil and war ensign. King Wilhelm I of Prussia was satisfied with the colour choice: the red and white were also taken to represent the Margraviate of Brandenburg ,
5875-449: The federal cabinet introduced a corporate design for the German government which defined the specifications of the official colours as: The flag is blazoned in English as, "Tierced in fess sable, gules and or." Vexillology rarely distinguishes between gold and yellow; in heraldry , they are both Or . For the German flag, such a distinction is made: the colour used in the flag
6000-474: The lancers in the unit were red and black. As the members of this unit came from all over Germany and included a modest but well known number of university students and academics, the Lützow Free Corps and their colours gained considerable exposure among the German people. The 1815–16 Congress of Vienna led to the creation of the German Confederation , a loose union of all remaining German states after
6125-452: The states are also referred to as "public". However, unlike public high schools, public universities usually charge tuition, but fees are usually much lower than those charged by private universities , particularly for students who meet in-state residency criteria. Community colleges , state colleges , and state universities are examples of public institutions of higher education. In particular, many state universities are regarded as among
6250-515: The 19th century and the new democratic republic, the old black-red-gold tricolour was designated as the national German flag in the Weimar Constitution in 1919. Only the tiny German principalities of Reuss-Greiz – where the use and layout of the schwarz-rot-gold design had originated some 140 years earlier, Reuss-Gera , Waldeck-Pyrmont and its republican successor had upheld the 1778-established tradition, and had always continued to use
6375-641: The Berlin Senior Boys' Grammar School. It was initially located at the corner of King and Eby streets in the downtown area; tuition was five shillings per month. From 1857 to 1871, it occupied space in the Berlin Central School (now Suddaby Public School ) on Frederick Street. Girls were admitted to the school in 1866. With increasing numbers at the Central School, the school moved to the former Swedenborgian Church on Church Street. In 1874, $ 650
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#17328561529226500-518: The Bundestag call for general elections for a German parliament, the national assembly. This Frankfurt Parliament declared the black-red-gold as the official colours of Germany and passed a law stating its civil ensign was the black-red-yellow tricolour. Also, a naval war ensign used these colours. In May 1849, the larger states actively fought the revolution and the Frankfurt parliament. In late 1850,
6625-744: The Confederation states met in Wartburg in Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (in modern Thuringia ), calling for a free and unified German nation. The gold-red-black flag of the Jena Urburschenschaft featured prominently at this Wartburg festival . Therefore, the colours black, red, and gold eventually became symbolic of this desire for a unified German state. The Ministerial Council of the German Confederation, in its determination to maintain
6750-504: The Federal Republic of Germany , states: The federal flag shall be black, red and gold. Following specifications set by the West German government in 1950, the flag displays three bars of equal width and has a width–length ratio of 3:5; the tricolour used during the Weimar Republic had a ratio of 2:3. At the time of the adoption of the flag there were no exact colour specifications other than "Black-Red-Gold ". However on 2 June 1999,
6875-562: The German armed forces ( Bundeswehr ) are a federal authority, the Bundesdienstflagge is also used as the German war flag on land. In 1956, the Dienstflagge der Seestreitkräfte der Bundeswehr (Flag of the German Navy ) was introduced: the government flag ending in swallowtail . This naval flag is also used as a navy jack . Article 22 of the German constitution, the Basic Law for
7000-557: The German colours of black , red , and or (gold) in their flag. As a civil ensign, the black-white-red tricolour was retained, albeit with the new tricolour in the top left corner. This change was not welcomed by many people in Germany, who saw this new flag as a symbol of humiliation following Germany's defeat in the First World War. In the Reichswehr , the old colours continued to be used in various forms. Many conservatives wanted
7125-620: The HNC and HND, students who are interested in other vocational qualifications may pursue a foundation degree , which is a qualification that trains students to be highly skilled technicians. The National Apprenticeship Service also offers vocational education where people at ages of 16 and older enter apprenticeships in order to learn a skilled trade . There are over 60 different certifications can be obtained through an apprenticeship, which typically lasts from to 3 years. Trades apprentices receive paid wages during training and spend one day at school and
7250-550: The K-8 format in which all elementary grades are housed in one section of the school, and the traditional junior high school students are housed in another section of the school. Some very small school districts, primarily in rural areas, still maintain a K–12 system in which all students are housed in a single school. A few 7–12 schools also exist. In the United States, institutions of higher education that are operated and subsidised by
7375-638: The Kitchener and Waterloo High School Board was succeeded by the Waterloo County Board of Education, now the Waterloo Region District School Board (WRDSB) . In the 1970s, the City of Kitchener designated the school foyer as a heritage structure under the provisions of the Ontario Heritage Act . At the school's 125th anniversary celebrations on the weekend of May 16–18, 1980, more than 6,000 former students took part. In 2003, public outcry ensued when
7500-497: The Ministry of Education. The Danish school system is supported today by tax-based governmental and municipal funding from day care through primary and secondary education to higher education and there are no tuition fees for regular students in public schools and universities . The Danish public primary schools , covering the entire period of compulsory education, are called folkeskoler (literally 'people's schools' or 'public schools'). The folkeskole consists of
7625-703: The Napoleonic Wars. The Confederation was created as a replacement for the now-extinct Holy Roman Empire, with Francis I of Austria —the last Holy Roman Emperor—as its president. The confederation did not have a flag of its own, although the black-red-gold tricolour is sometimes mistakenly attributed to it. Upon returning from the war, veterans of the Lützow Free Corps founded the Urburschenschaft fraternity in Jena in June 1815. The Jena Urburschenschaft eventually adopted
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#17328561529227750-874: The National Board Curriculum. Many children, especially girls, drop out of school after completing the 5th Year in remote areas. In larger cities such as Dhaka and Chittagong , however, this is fairly uncommon. Many good public schools conduct an entrance exam, although most public schools in the villages and small towns usually do not. Public schools are often the only option for parents and children in rural areas, but there are large numbers of private schools in Dhaka and Chittagong. Many Bangladeshi private schools teach their students in English and follow curricula from overseas, but in public schools lessons are taught in Bengali . In China, state schools are funded and administered by
7875-465: The United States, 88% of students attend public schools, compared with 9% who attend parochial schools , 1% who attend private independent schools , and 2% who are homeschooled . Public school is normally split up into three stages: elementary school ( kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade), middle ("intermediate" or junior high school) from 5th, 6th, or 7th grade to 8th or 9th grade, and high school (9th or 10th to 12th grade). The middle school format
8000-415: The WRDSB proposed closing KCI in order to open Huron Heights Secondary School in southwest Kitchener, as required under the provincial funding model of the time. Critics of this proposal noted that KCI had a significant history and a unique culture among regional secondary schools, including its diverse student body. Further financial analysis of the financial situation by trustees determined that no need for
8125-581: The Wartburg Festival, and flags in these colours were flown en masse at the Hambach Festival. While contemporary illustrations showed prominent use of a gold-red-black tricolour (an upside-down version of the modern German flag), surviving flags from the event were in black-red-gold. Such an example is the Ur-Fahne , the flag flown from Hambach Castle during the festival: a black-red-gold tricolour where
8250-432: The additional fees. Some parents appreciate the idea as they may send their children to good schools even though they may not be academically qualified, while others believe that it is not fair for someone who has a background of poverty. The public spending on schools in China has been uneven due to insufficient investment in education. This condition is in favor of urban schools and it is promoted by past policies such as
8375-529: The age of sixteen in most provinces, while students in Ontario and New Brunswick must attend schools until the age of 18. Some Canadian provinces offer segregated-by-religious-choice, but nonetheless Crown-funded and Crown-regulated, religiously based education. In Ontario, for example, Roman Catholic schools are known as "Catholic Schools" or "Separate Schools", not "Public Schools", although these are, by definition, no less "public" than their secular counterparts. In some countries, such as Brazil and Mexico ,
8500-607: The best institutions of higher education in the US but usually are surpassed in ranking by certain private universities and colleges, such as those of the Ivy League , which are often very expensive and extremely selective in the students they accept. In several states, the administrations of public universities are elected via the general electoral ballot. Public or Government-funded schools are found throughout Bangladesh . They are referred to as 'Government High School'. These schools mostly teach students from Year 1 to 10, with examination for students in year 10. All public schools follow
8625-399: The black and gold bands. The Bundesschild is a variant of the coat of arms of Germany , whose main differences are the illustration of the eagle and the shape of the shield: the Bundesschild is rounded at the base, whereas the standard coat of arms is pointed. The government flag may only be used by federal government authorities and its use by others is an offence, punishable with
8750-469: The black-red-and-gold colours of the defunct secret society Vandalia . Since the students who served in the Lützow Free Corps came from various German states, the idea of a unified German state began to gain momentum within the Urburschenschaft and similar Burschenschaft that were subsequently formed throughout the Confederation. On 18 October 1817, the fourth anniversary of the Battle of Leipzig , hundreds of fraternity members and academics from across
8875-511: The blue-white-red flag of France and the Imperial Standard of its protector, Napoleon . During the Napoleonic Wars , the German struggle against the occupying French forces was significantly symbolised by the colours of black, red, and gold, which became popular after their use in the uniforms of the Lützow Free Corps , a volunteer unit of the Prussian Army . This unit had uniforms in black with red facings and gold buttons. The colour choice had pragmatic origins, even though black-red-gold were
9000-464: The city , in 1916 during the First World War. By 1919, office and other rooms were being used as classrooms. As the Dominion and Provincial governments had recently announced a policy to assist with school funding, the municipality eventually approved an expansion plan in 1921. The plan called for demolishing the 1876 building, modernizing the 1903-04 building, which still stands, and placing in front of it
9125-515: The direct control of the Ministry of Education therefore have direct funding from the ministry. Provincial Schools consists of the vast majority of schools in Sri Lanka which are funded and controlled by the local governments. Piriven are monastic college (similar to a seminary) for the education of Buddhist priests. These have been the centres of secondary and higher education in ancient times for lay people as well. Today these are funded and maintained by
9250-513: The drastic economic sinking, extreme hyperinflation and corruption of the republic, the Weimar Republic collapsed in 1933 with the Nazi seizure of power ( Machtergreifung ) and the appointment of Adolf Hitler as German chancellor . After Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor on 30 January 1933 the black-red-gold flag was banned; a ruling on 12 March established two legal flags: the reintroduced black-white-red imperial tricolour national flag and
9375-444: The education sector within the government. Although some, especially high schools, have started to charge a fair portion of parents of students an additional tuition fee, due to the increased places offered by the schools in recent years. Top state schools are often very selective, however. Students who miss their entrance requirement may still gain places if they meet a relatively lower requirement and their parents are willing to pay for
9500-538: The election of the president or the death of a prominent politician (whereupon flags would be at half-staff), can be declared at the discretion of the Federal Ministry of the Interior . When flags are required to be flown at half-staff, vertical flags are not lowered. A black mourning ribbon is instead attached, either atop the staff (if hung from a pole) or to each end of the flag's supporting cross-beams (if flown like
9625-659: The equivalent. Schools are generally divided into elementary schools (kindergarten to Grade 8) and high schools (Grades 9 to 12). However, in many areas, middle schools are also provided and in some schools, particularly in rural areas, the elementary and middle levels can be combined into one school. In 2003, Grade 13, also known as the Ontario Academic Credit or "OAC" year, was eliminated in Ontario; it had previously been required only for students who intended to go on to university. Children are required to attend school until
9750-499: The examinations themselves. It is comparable to British A-Levels , American SATs , the Irish Leaving Certificate and German Abitur . Most students sit for the baccalauréat général which is divided into three streams of study, called séries . The série scientifique (S) is concerned with mathematics and natural sciences , the série économique et sociale (ES) with economics and social sciences , and
9875-410: The exception of kindergarten. All aspects of public education are the responsibility of the Ministry of Education, which executes administration of schools, allocation of funding, certification of teachers and schools, and curriculum development with standardised textbooks across the country. In 2000, South Korea spent 4.2% of its GDP in education. As of the 2007 United Nations Education Index, South Korea
10000-540: The federal government authority to regulate education. However, any public or private school that accepts educational funding from the federal government, including participation in collegiate federal financial aid programs such as Pell Grants and Stafford Loans by accepting the funds or participating in a particular federal program, is subject to federal jurisdiction as a result of that participation. The U.S. Department of Education , based in Washington, D.C. , supervises
10125-497: The federal government, e.g. the authorities of the German states use the German national flag together with their own flag . The government flag of Germany is officially known as the Dienstflagge der Bundesbehörden (state flag of the federal authorities) or Bundesdienstflagge for short. It was introduced in 1950. It is the civil flag defaced with the Bundesschild ("Federal Shield"), which overlaps with up to one fifth of
10250-415: The first known national public schools called Ju-Hak ( Korean : 주학 ; Hanja : 州學 ) were opened in each Ju and Gun, states and counties, to improve nationwide academic performances. After the ceasefire agreement for the civil war was declared, north and south states of Korea established their own education system. In South Korea , education in public schools (1–12) is compulsory with
10375-558: The first of ten additions to the school. During construction, some classes were moved to the Kitchener City Hall and Carnegie library . On November 30, 1904, a Provincial-Order-in-Council raised the school to the status of a collegiate institute , and the school was renamed the Berlin Collegiate Institute. By 1905 the new building was in use. The school's name changed to Kitchener Collegiate Institute, along with
10500-558: The flag of the state they are in and the flag of the European Union ) in this way; many town flags in Germany exist only in vertical form. The proportions of these vertical flags are not specified. In 1996, a layout for the vertical version of the government flag was established, that coincidentally matched the pattern of the "conventional" black-red-gold flag of the Principality of Reuss-Gera ( Fürstentum Reuß-Gera ) from 1806 to 1918:
10625-420: The former colours used by the Holy Roman Empire. At the time, the colours represented: Out of the blackness (black) of servitude through bloody (red) battles to the golden (gold) light of freedom . Members of the corps were required to supply their own clothing: in order to present a uniform appearance it was easiest to dye all clothes black. Gold-coloured buttons were widely available, and pennons used by
10750-479: The goal of developing first-class education in a limited number of schools in a short period of time. The key school system was canceled by the 2006 amendment to the Compulsory Education Law, along with the introduction of reforms that address education inequality. In Hong Kong the term government schools is used for free schools funded by the government. There are also subsidised schools, which are
10875-692: The individual schools within their jurisdiction. In most states, the county or regional intermediate school districts merely implement state education policy and provide the channels through which a local district communicates with a state board of education, state superintendent, and department of education. They do not establish county or regional policies of their own. Local school districts are administered by local school boards , which operate public elementary and high schools within their boundaries. Public schools are often funded by local taxpayers, and most school boards are elected. However, some states have adopted new funding models that are not dependent upon
11000-568: The islands and mandated the establishment of a school for boys and a school for girls in every municipality. The modern public schools in the Philippines are run by the Department of Education . Some public schools collect miscellaneous school fees to fund school extra-curricular activities or to improve school equipment and services. Most of the schools in Sri Lanka are maintained by the government as
11125-547: The last Holy Roman Emperor, with Napoleon forcing the empire's dissolution in 1806. After this point, these colours continued to be used as the flag of Austria until 1918. With the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, many of its dukes and princes joined the Confederation of the Rhine , a confederation of Napoleonic client states. These states preferred to use their own flags. The confederation had no flag of its own; instead it used
11250-496: The local economy. Public schools are provided mainly by local governments. Curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set through locally elected school boards by jurisdiction over school districts. The school districts are special-purpose districts authorised by provisions of state law. Generally, state governments set minimum standards relating to almost all activities of elementary and high schools, as well as funding and authorisation to enact local school taxes to support
11375-511: The majority in Hong Kong and many of which are run by religious organisations, Direct Subsidy Scheme schools, private schools and international schools in Hong Kong. Some schools are international schools, which are not subsidised by the government. During British rule, a number of state higher education establishments were set up (such as Universities in Chennai , Kolkata , and Mumbai ), but little
11500-519: The mandate for rural public schools to have a higher student-to-teacher ratio. The inequality of resources is exacerbated by the way public schools in urban areas enjoy more support since local governments have more developed economies. Aside from the disparity between urban and rural public schools, there was also the dichotomized system adopted since 1978, which divided schools into two groups: key schools ( zhongdianxiao ) and non-key schools ( putongxiao ). Key schools receive more funding due to
11625-464: The mediaeval Reichsadler .) The German national flag or Bundesflagge (English: Federal flag ), containing only the black-red-gold tricolour, was introduced as part of the (West) German constitution in 1949. Following the creation of separate government and military flags in later years, the plain tricolour is now used as the German civil flag and civil ensign . This flag is also used by non-federal authorities to show their connection to
11750-491: The ministry of education bureaucracy. Flag of Germany The national flag of Germany ( German : Flagge Deutschlands ) is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany : black , red , and gold ( German : Schwarz-Rot-Gold ). The flag was first sighted in 1848 in the German Confederation . The flag was also used by the German Empire from 1848 to 1849 . It
11875-687: The modern German flag's 3:5 figure. In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte declared the First French Empire . In response to this, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II of the Habsburg dynasty declared his personal domain to be the Austrian Empire and became Francis I of Austria. Taking the colours of the banner of the Holy Roman Emperor, the flag of the Austrian Empire was black and gold. Francis II was
12000-453: The motto was Höher Hinauf ( German , To the Heights). At various points since his introduction, there have been contentious debates about the propriety of the former school mascot, a First Nations raider named Rodney. Citing the issue of racism and pressure from special interest groups, the school changed the mascot to a pirate while maintaining the "Raider" name. The most famous alumnus of
12125-402: The name German Empire . It kept these colours until the revolution of 1918–19. Thereafter, black-white-red became a symbol of the political right. The Nazis ( National Socialist German Worker's Party ) re-established these colours along with the party's own swastika flag in 1933. After World War II, black-white-red was still used by some conservative groups or by groups of the far right , as it
12250-508: The national flag of the Republic of Upper Volta , adopted upon the country's independence in 1958 and used until 1984, when the nation was overthrown and re-established as Burkina Faso . Following the declaration of the German republic in 1918 and the ensuing revolutionary period , the so-called Weimar Republic was founded in August 1919. To form a continuity between the anti-autocratic movement of
12375-598: The new confederation was first raised by the shipping sector and its desire to have an internationally recognisable identity. Virtually all international shipping that belonged to the confederation originated from either Prussia or the three Hanseatic city-states of Bremen , Hamburg , and Lübeck . Based on this, Adolf Soetbeer , secretary of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, suggested in the Bremer Handelsblatt on 22 September 1866 that any planned flag should combine
12500-508: The new name of German Empire and the Prussian king the title of Emperor. The German Empire retained black, white, and red as its national colours. An ordinance of 1892 dealt with the official use of the colours. The black-white-red tricolour remained the flag of Germany until the end of the German Empire in 1918, in the final days of World War I . A visually near-identical flag was used as
12625-520: The old colours to return, while monarchists and the far right were far more vocal with their objections, referring to the new flag with various derogatory names ( see Colour above ). As a compromise, the old black-white-red flag was reintroduced in 1922 to represent German diplomatic missions abroad. The symbols of Imperial Germany became symbols of monarchist and nationalist protest and were often used by monarchist and nationalist organisations (e.g. Der Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten ). This included
12750-509: The organisation Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold was founded in Magdeburg by the member parties of the Weimar Coalition ( Centre , DDP , SPD ) and the trade unions . This organisation was formed to protect the fragile democracy of the Weimar Republic, which was under constant pressure by both the far right and far left. Through this organisation, the black-red-gold flag became not only
12875-563: The radical 1840s, when the black-red-gold flag was used to symbolise the movement against the Conservative Order , which was established in Europe after Napoleon's defeat. There are many theories in circulation regarding the origins of the colour scheme used in the 1848 flag. It has been proposed that the colours were those of the Jena Students' League ( Jenaer Burschenschaft ), one of
13000-521: The radically minded Burschenschaften banned by Metternich in the Carlsbad Decrees . The colours are mentioned in their canonical order in the seventh verse of August Daniel von Binzer 's student song Zur Auflösung der Jenaer Burschenschaft ("On the Dissolution of the Jena Students' League") quoted by Johannes Brahms in his Academic Festival Overture . Another claim goes back to
13125-653: The realisation of the Lesser German solution a few years later. Following the dissolution of the German Confederation, Prussia formed its unofficial successor, the North German Confederation , in 1866 with the signing of the Confederation Treaty in August 1866 and then the ratification of the Constitution of 1867 . This national state consisted of Prussia, the largest member state, and 21 other north German states. The question regarding what flag should be adopted by
13250-562: The red band contains the inscription Deutschlands Wiedergeburt (Germany's rebirth). This flag is now on permanent display at the castle. In the Springtime of the Peoples during the Revolutions of 1848 , revolutionaries took to the streets, many flying the tricolour. The Confederation's Bundestag, alarmed by the events, hasted to adopt the tricolour (9 March 1848). Liberals took power and made
13375-528: The red of liberty or the blood of war. More radical students exclaimed that the colours stood for the black night of slavery, the bloody struggle for liberty, and the golden dawn of freedom. In a memoir, Anton Probsthan of Mecklenburg, who served in the Lützow Free Corps, claimed his relative Fraulein Nitschke of Jena presented the Burschenschaft with a flag at the time of its foundation, and for this purpose chose
13500-513: The rest in the workplace to hone their skills. Grammar schools may be run by the local authority , a foundation body or an academy trust. They select their pupils based on academic ability. The original purpose of medieval grammar schools was the teaching of Latin. Over time the curriculum was broadened, first to include Ancient Greek , and later English and other European languages, natural sciences, mathematics, history, geography, art and other subjects. In some localities children can enter
13625-587: The role of the federal government in education. Direct regulation of public, private, and parochial schools is done by state and territorial governments; schools in Washington, D.C., are regulated by the Government of the District of Columbia . Regulation of public schools is typically accomplished through a state education agency and a state department of education. There is usually a state superintendent of schools , who
13750-454: The school specialises, such as Cirencester Deer Park School which currently has 5 specialisms. State schools may request payment from parents for extracurricular activities such as swimming lessons and field trips, provided these charges are voluntary. Comprehensive schools typically describe secondary schools for pupils aged approximately 11–18, that do not select its intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, in contrast to
13875-416: The school was William Lyon Mackenzie King , Prime Minister of Canada for more than 21 years, who was a student between 1887 and 1891. During the school's 150th anniversary celebrations, a statue of him as a student was unveiled on the front lawn of the school. Other noted alumni and former students of the school include: Public education A state school , public school , or government school
14000-658: The schools, primarily through real property taxes. The federal government funds aid to states and school districts that meet minimum federal standards. School accreditation decisions are made by voluntary regional associations. The first free public school in America was the Syms-Eaton Academy (1634) in Hampton, Virginia , and the first tax-supported public school in America was in Dedham, Massachusetts , founded by Rev. Ralph Wheelock . In
14125-530: The status quo, enacted the Carlsbad Decrees of 1819 that banned all student organisations, officially putting an end to the Burschenschaften . In May 1832, around 30,000 people demonstrated at the Hambach Festival for freedom, unity, and civil rights. The colours black, red, and gold had become a well established symbol for the liberal, democratic and republican movement within the German states since
14250-559: The term "Christian school" is generally used to refer to schools operated by Evangelical, Pentecostal, Charismatic, or fundamentalist Christian churches. The role of the U.S. federal government in education is limited and indirect. Direct control of education is a power reserved to the states under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution because the U.S. Constitution does not explicitly or implicitly give
14375-792: The term public schools ( escuelas públicas in Spanish , escolas públicas in Portuguese ) is used for educational institutions owned by the federal, state, or city governments which do not charge tuition. Such schools exist in all levels of education, from the very beginning through post-secondary studies. Mexico has nine years of free and compulsory primary and secondary education. Panama has 11 years of compulsory education, from pre-kindergarten to 9th grade, with children first entering at four or five years old and parents are required by law to give financial support to their children until they are 25 years old if they are studying. Education in Argentina
14500-527: The then-new Principality of Reuss-Greiz on 12 May 1778, the flag adopted by the Fürstentum Reuß-Greiz was the first-ever appearance of the black-red-gold tricolour in its modern arrangement in any sovereign state within what today comprises Germany – the Reuss elder line that ruled the principality used a flag whose proportions were close to a "nearly square"-shape 4:5 hoist/fly ratio, instead of
14625-599: The uniforms (mainly black with red facings and gold buttons) of the Lützow Free Corps , which were mostly worn by university students and were formed during the struggle against the occupying forces of Napoleon. Whatever the true explanation, those colours soon came to be regarded as the national colours of Germany during that brief period. Especially after their reintroduction during the Weimar period , they became synonymous with liberalism in general. (The colours also appear in
14750-420: The west-wing addition was completed. In 1948, KCI introduced driver education, one of the first schools to do so. In 1955, KCI celebrated its 100th anniversary, the only public high school in Kitchener and Waterloo. However, in 1956, Eastwood Collegiate Institute opened, the first of seven additional high schools built in the following 20 years. Several of their principals were former KCI teachers. In 1969,
14875-624: The world. Western education became ingrained into Indian society with the establishment of the British Raj. Education in Indonesia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education and Culture for all education matters up to the tertiary education, and the Ministry of Religious Affairs for Islamic school matters up to the tertiary education. Education may be obtained from state schools, private schools , or through homeschooling . There
15000-534: Was done by the British in terms of primary and secondary schooling. Other indigenous forms of education are being revived in various ways across India. According to current estimates, 80% of all Indian schools are government schools making the government the major provider of education. However, because of the poor quality of public education, 27% of Indian children are privately educated. According to some research, private schools often provide superior educational results at
15125-584: Was modelled after the public education systems of the Song and Tang Dynasties in China. Hak-Je involved operating national universities, called Gukjagam in the capital and called HyangAk in other regions. In King SeongJong Year 6, 987 A.D., a pair of a medical doctor and a scholarly doctor were appointed to administer academic systems and curriculums at Hyang-Ak: scholarly education included subjects of geography, history, math, law, and others. In King SeongJong Year 11, 992 A.D.,
15250-515: Was officially adopted as the national flag of the German Reich (during the period of the Weimar Republic ) from 1919 to 1933, and has been in use since its reintroduction in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949. Since the mid-19th century, Germany has two competing traditions of national colours, black-red-gold and black-white-red. Black-red-gold were the colours of the 1848 Revolutions ,
15375-497: Was ranked eighth in the world. Education in Malaysia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education for matters up to the secondary level, and the Ministry of Higher Education for tertiary education. Although education is the responsibility of the federal government, each state has an Education Department to help co-ordinate educational matters in their respective states. The main legislation governing education
15500-591: Was spent to purchase land at the school's current location on King Street West, closer to the Waterloo border. The building cost $ 5,804 and opened in 1876. It was now called Berlin High School (Ontario legislation passed in 1871 renamed grammar schools "high schools"). In 1876, science teacher David Forsyth pioneered laboratory experiments. By 1891, the curriculum had grown to include commercial subjects, music, manual training, and athletics. In 1903, building commenced on
15625-567: Was the kleindeutsch (Lesser German) solution for a Germany that encompassed only German lands and excluded Austria. The Prussian–Austrian duality within the Confederation eventually led to the Austro-Prussian War in 1866. During the war, the southern states allied with Austria adopted the black-red-gold tricolour as their flag, and the 8th German Army Corps also wore black-red-gold armbands. The Kingdom of Prussia and its predominately north German allies defeated Austria and made way for
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