61-538: Kampong Jerudong is a village in Mukim Sengkurong , Brunei–Muara District , Brunei, about 21 kilometres (13 mi) from the capital Bandar Seri Begawan . The population was 3,856 in 2016. It is one of the settlements within Mukim Sengkurong . It is of historical interest as it is considered the starting point for the Kedayan community and where they first introduced rice cultivation . There are various stories about
122-462: A North Borneo Federation . The TNKU began co-ordinated attacks on the oil town of Seria (targeting the Royal Dutch Shell oil installations), on police stations, and on government facilities around the protectorate. The revolt began to break down within hours, having failed to achieve key objectives such as the capture of Brunei Town and Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III . The revolt influenced
183-589: A few modern weapons and about 1000 shotguns. Hints of brewing trouble came in early November 1962 when the Resident for the 5th Division of Sarawak, Richard Morris (an Australian), who was based in Limbang (sandwiched between the two parts of Brunei) received information. Special Branch police from Kuching visited Limbang but only found some illegal uniforms with TNKU badges. Later in November, Morris heard that an insurrection
244-683: A legislature with half its members nominated and half elected. Elections were held in September 1962 and all of the contested seats were won by the Brunei People's Party . Between 1959 and 1962, the United Kingdom , Malaya , Singapore , North Borneo and Sarawak were involved in negotiations to form a new Malaysian Federation . However, the Philippines and particularly Indonesia opposed any move toward unification of North Borneo and Sarawak with
305-618: A military wing had emerged, the North Kalimantan National Army saw itself as an anti-colonialist liberation party. Its sympathies lay with Indonesia which was seen as having better 'liberationist' credentials than Malaya and Singapore. Its 34-year-old leader A.M. Azahari had lived in Indonesia and was in touch with Indonesian intelligence agents. He had recruited several officers who had been trained in clandestine warfare in Indonesia. By late 1962, they could muster about 4000 men,
366-514: A primary school. Because the majority of Brunei's population is Muslims, many villages have mosques , particularly serving the need of Jumu'ah or congregational Friday prayers, as well as a religious primary school for its resident Muslim pupils. There are also at least a grocery store present in many villages, as well as a few other miscellaneous shops such as eateries, tailors, and barbers or salons. A village may have population ranging from hundreds to less than ten thousand people. Also, not all of
427-477: A water park, musical fountain, food court and an indoor amphitheatre for events; the Jerudong Park Amphitheater once hosted concerts by Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston in 1996. The existing mosque at Kampong Jerudong had grown too tiny and run-down to house the increasing number of worshipers, so a second mosque was constructed there in 1973. The Chief Kadi of Brunei, Abdul Hamid Bakal , gave
488-407: Is an elected position, whereby the populace nominates candidates to the district office and votes among the approved nominees. The nominee may be of an age between 30 and 55 years old. The elected person shall be in office for up to ten years. A village may also have a Village Consultative Council ( Majlis Perundingan Kampung ), the local equivalent of community association . A key outcome of
549-611: The Brunei rebellion of 1962 was a December 1962 insurrection in the British protectorate of Brunei by opponents of its monarchy and its proposed inclusion in the Federation of Malaysia who wanted to establish a republic. The insurgents were members of the TNKU ( North Kalimantan National Army ), a militia supplied by Indonesia and linked to the left-wing Brunei People's Party (BPP), which favoured
610-628: The Deputy Chief Minister Pengiran Ali was granted an audience by the Sultan. After the meeting, the Sultan made a radio declaration condemning TNKU, the armed wing of the Brunei People's Party, for treason . In Limbang, rebels attacked the local police station, killing five local policemen. The rebels then obtained the surrender of British official R.H. Morris, his wife, four other Europeans and an American Peace Corps worker, and took
671-559: The Falklands War ). After acquiring two landing craft, the Marines were transported to Limbang by Royal Navy crews led by Captain Jeremy Black (who later commanded HMS Invincible (R05) during the Falklands War ) and staged their arrival at dawn, 13 December. The landing craft had manually operated ramps which took too long to lower and the senior officer took the decision that
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#1732851758596732-454: The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry and 1/7 Gurkhas and special forces troops had also arrived. Mopping up operations, by this time including a commando artillery battery with their guns, continued until May 1963. On 18 May, a patrol of 1/7 Gurkhas were guided by an informer to a camp in the mangrove. They flushed a party of rebels towards an ambush. Ten rebels were killed or captured. They were
793-565: The Pantai Jerudong Specialist Centre (PJSC), adding to the region's overall healthcare environment and offering vital medical services to the population. Jerudong Park , the country's only amusement park, was opened in 1994. It used to offer free admission, which claimed to be the first amusement park in the world to do so. The park fell into disuse for several years but it was eventually revamped and relaunched in 2014. At present, Jerudong Park features several rides as well as
854-737: The Beverley at Anduki. A police station 2 miles (3 km) from the western landing was recaptured and so was the Telecommunications Centre after a brief fight. Anduki airfield was quickly recaptured. However, the main Seria police station, with 48 hostages, most Shell expatriates, was not secured until the 12th. Anduki Airfield is today a grass airstrip with a concrete ramp used almost exclusively by Brunei Shell Petroleum aircraft and helicopters servicing Brunei's extensive offshore petroleum production installations. The Sultan of Brunei and members of
915-666: The Brigadier General Staff at Far East HQ. Both reported to Lieutenant General Sir Nigel Poett , the Far East Land Forces Commander in Singapore. Seria and Limbang remained in rebel hands. Further reinforcements arrived in the following days. These enabled Seria and Limbang to be recaptured. By 17 December, the rebellion had been held and broken. Some 40 rebels were dead and 3,400 captured. The remainder had fled and were assumed to be trying to reach Indonesia. Of
976-579: The Brunei Rebellion as 40 rebels and six Marines. There is a memorial to all the dead in Limbang. The leader of the Limbang rebels was caught and tried and received an eleven-year prison sentence. He lives (2007) on the outskirts of Limbang. By 17 December 42 Commando was complete in Brunei and 1st Green Jackets (43rd and 52nd) had landed from the cruiser HMS Tiger (C20) in Miri. 40 Commando aboard
1037-738: The Jerudong Primary School is the village primary school, whereas Jerudong Religious School is the village school for the country's Islamic religious primary education . Several prestigious medical facilities can be found in Jerudong, such as the Jerudong Park Medical Centre (JPMC), which is home to the specialty heart surgery clinic Gleneagles JPMC. The Brunei Cancer Centre (TBCC) and the Brunei Neuroscience Stroke and Rehabilitation Centre (BNSRC) are both housed inside
1098-527: The Malaysian Federation plan have often been under-represented in historical writings on the Brunei rebellion and the subsequent Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation . In fact, political forces in Sarawak had long anticipated their own national independence as promised (but later aborted) by the last White Rajah of Sarawak, Charles Vyner Brooke , in 1941. The North Kalimantan (or Kalimantan Utara) proposal
1159-434: The Marines would vault over the sides or over the ramps under covering fire from Vickers machine guns mounted on the bridges. One landing craft's bridge was raked with Bren gun fire, disabling the crew, and the craft rammed into the river bank and quay. The only map they had was 10 years old at the time. The Marines lost the element of surprise due to the loud noise of their boats, but succeeded nevertheless in suppressing
1220-554: The RAF airfields at Changi and Seletar in Singapore to fly to Labuan Island in Brunei Bay . The Gurkhas' embarkation went slowly because the RAF was unprepared and following normal peacetime procedures. The troops were in a Bristol Britannia of No. 99 Squadron and three Blackburn Beverleys from the No. 32 Squadron , and the latter were diverted in flight from Labuan to Brunei Airfield when it
1281-647: The Sultan's 1963 decision not to join Malaysia. It is seen as one of the first stages of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation . The northern part of the island of Borneo was composed of three British territories: the colonies of Sarawak and North Borneo (to be renamed Sabah ) and the protectorate of the Sultanate of Brunei . Brunei became a British protectorate in 1888, had an area of about 2,226 square miles (5,800 km ) and some 85,000 people. Just over half of
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#17328517585961342-471: The Sultan's Istana ( Istana Darul Hana ), the Chief Minister's house (Rumah Jerambak) and the power station, and that another rebel force was approaching the capital by water. Far East Headquarters ordered ALE YELLOW, which placed a force of two Gurkha infantry companies on 48 hours notice to move. Most of the attacks in Brunei town were repulsed although the electricity supply was cut off. At this stage it
1403-1027: The airfield. On 9 December, John Fisher called on the Dayak tribes for help by sending a boat with the traditional Red Feather of War up the Baram River. Tom Harrisson , the Curator of the Sarawak Museum in Kuching and leader of resistance to the Japanese in the Second World War also arrived in Brunei. He summoned the Kelabits from the highlands around Bario in the 5th Division, the centre of his wartime resistance. Hundreds of Dayaks responded, and formed into companies led by British civilians all commanded by Harrisson. This force reached some 2,000 strong, and with excellent knowledge of
1464-451: The arrival of the Japanese forces, the villagers relied on candles for light at night. During the Japanese occupation of Brunei, gas lamps were introduced for use by the villagers. It wasn't until after the 1962 Brunei revolt that Kampong Jerudong began receiving electrical supply. Bukit Shahbandar Recreational Park features hiking trails and facilities for running and recreation, making it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Among
1525-547: The commando carrier HMS Albion (R07) was diverted from Miri to Kuching. On 14 December, most of the unit reinforced the artillery battery sent there as infantry on 12 December to pre-empt trouble from the Chinese of the Clandestine Communist Organisation (CCO) who were openly sympathetic to the Brunei rebels. The last company of 40 Commando landed near Seria. HMS Albion also provided helicopters from
1586-450: The council is One Village One Product ( Satu Kampung Satu Produk , abbreviated as "1K1P"), which promotes local goods produced in the village. It was stated on 13 October 1976, that the four districts of Brunei had come up with a plan wherein signboards listing the names of the villages would be placed in each kampong. At the edges of each village, the boards will be erected. There are already signboards in place at almost every village in
1647-491: The districts of Brunei-Muara, Belait, and around 50 in Tutong. A typical Bruneian village may have basic socio-economic infrastructures which are similar to other villages elsewhere but may also be unique to Brunei or countries which have predominantly Islamic Malay culture. For communal purposes, there may be a balai raya or dewan kemasyarakatan , the local equivalent of a community centre . A Bruneian village typically has
1708-508: The embarked Naval Air Commando squadrons. Major General Walter Walker took over as COMBRITBOR and Director of Operations (DOBOPS) on 19 December with command of all land, sea and air forces assigned to Borneo and reporting directly to the Commander-in-Chief Far East Forces, Admiral Sir David Luce . Three weeks after the rebellion started, 99th Gurkha Infantry Brigade had 5 infantry battalions and HQ 3rd Command Brigade
1769-434: The formal opening. The mosque, named Al-Ameerah Al-Hajjah Maryam, can accommodate 2,000 worshippers. Villages of Brunei A village ( Malay : kampung or kampong ) is the third and lowest administrative division of Brunei . It is headed by a village head ( ketua kampung ). Several villages are grouped together to form a mukim . A village is generally the traditional rural settlement , in particular in
1830-1105: The government chose to formally designate a Ketua Kampung to settle these issues. Haji Ali bin Saban was Kampong Jerudong's first appointed village head. He served in that capacity until the Japanese occupation of Brunei . Following his term, Haji Jais bin Haji Ali, his son, took over as the village head and held the position for thirty years. A total of 23 small villages included in Kampong Jerudong, namely Kampong Angor, Kampung Kampong Limau, Kampong Pancuran, Kampong Sungai Penipahan, Kampong Pulau Kubu, Kampong Pulau Mamut, Kampong Peninjau, Kampong Bukit Bunga, Kampong Bukit Kaboh, Kampong Bukit Seniwasa, Kampong Telaga Tabam, Kampong Temiang Lada, Kampong Kepayas Akar, Kampong Luahan, Kampong Mejawa, Kampong Durian Selangan, Kampong Tandueh Besar, Kampong Tandueh Kecil, Kampong Merasak, Kampong Menunggul, Kampong Siacang, Kampong Lampaki and Kampong Siandang. They are among
1891-415: The hostages. About 200 rebels, who had little if any military training and a paltry assortment of weapons (about a dozen Bren light machine guns and Lee–Enfield rifles, but mainly shotguns , muskets and daggers ), tried to resist, but were beaten back. Five Marines were killed and eight wounded in the attack. British sources do not list rebel losses in this incident, but Clodfelter estimates losses in
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1952-607: The leaders, Azahari was in the Philippines and Yassin Affandi was with the fugitives. The road route to Seria was judged too vulnerable to ambush and there were no naval resources for a move by sea. Reconnaissance by an Army Air Corps Beaver revealed rebel flags over the Shell complex, and the 6 miles (10 km) of coast seemed in rebel hands. However, there appeared to be a potential landing site for light aircraft west of Seria and east of
2013-627: The market are mainly catches by the fishermen going to the sea from this beach. The Jerudong Market is one of the two largest markets in the country, supported by the Minister of Home Affairs . Kampong Jerudong is served by three major highways: the Muara–Tutong Highway , Jalan Jerudong, and the Jerudong–Tungku Highway. The Muara–Tutong Highway runs through Jerudong, connecting its northeastern and western points, while Jalan Jerudong spans
2074-625: The morning, shots could be heard near police stations all over Brunei. According to news received from Temburong , the District Officer Pengiran Haji Besar bin Pengiran Haji Kula and a few others from Brunei security forces and a number of civilians were executed for refusing to join in the rebellion. By five in the morning, TNKU controlled Pekan Besar . News came that a number of civil servants at Brunei Town had managed to escape capture. Around an hour later at downtown,
2135-553: The new federation. This external opposition toward unification strengthened by widespread anti-Federation sentiment within Sarawak and Brunei itself. The Brunei People's Party was in favour of joining Malaysia on condition of the unification of the three crown colonies of northern Borneo (total about 1.5 million people, half Dayak) with their own sultan. It was thought that the resultant sultanate would be strong enough to resist domination by Malaya or Singapore, Malay administrators or Chinese merchants. Local opposition and sentiments against
2196-452: The new mosque its ceremonial opening. The government, which provided half of the financing for its development, worked in tandem with the village's citizens to create it. Adjacent to the second mosque was constructed a third one in order to accommodate the growing congregation. Waqf (endowment) from Pengiran Isteri Hajjah Mariam binti Haji Abdul Aziz was used to build this mosque. On Friday, 28 January 1999, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah gave it
2257-574: The origins of the Kedayan people, with some suggesting they came from Java . According to one account, Sultan Bolkiah brought the Kedayan to teach rice cultivation to his people, and they first settled in Kampong Pasir, Jerudong. The name Kampong Jerudong is said to have originated from a folktale about two fishermen who were fishing in the Sungai Si Anggus river. Aya was the woman's name, and Dong
2318-522: The people were Malays, a quarter were Chinese , and the rest were Dayaks , the indigenous people of Borneo. Oil was discovered in 1929 near Seria and the Brunei Shell Petroleum Company concession provided the Sultanate with a huge income. The capital, then called Brunei Town, was on a river some 10 miles (20 km) from the coast. In 1959, the Sultan, Sir Omar Ali Saifuddin III , established
2379-406: The populaces may also be subjected under the jurisdiction of respective municipal departments. Even though Kampong Ayer has the term ' kampong ' in its name, it is not officially a village subdivision. In fact, Kampong Ayer is made up of several villages constituting a few subdistricts. Brunei revolt 1963 1964 1965 The Brunei revolt ( Malay : Pemberontakan Brunei ) or
2440-502: The rebels' machine guns and landed. The attackers started their search for the hostages who, on hearing shots, began singing the American song " She'll Be Coming 'Round the Mountain ", allowing the first rescue party to quickly locate them. The first rescue party was attacked and two of the three Marines were killed. A second rescue party fought off the rebels from around the hospital and freed
2501-513: The remaining police officers hostage. On the first night of their captivity, they were crowded into the police cells, the second night they were moved to the local hospital where they overheard the rebels planning their hangings the following day. Eighty-nine Marines of 42 Commando had arrived in Brunei on 11 December, led by Captain Jeremy Moore (who later commanded the British Forces during
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2562-619: The remnants of TNKU headquarters and one of the wounded, shot in the hip, was Yassin Affendi. However, on 12 April, the police station at Tebedu in the 1st Division of Sarawak was attacked and captured. The attackers had come from Kalimantan. This marked the beginning of confrontation. The rebellion also played a role in the Sultan of Brunei's subsequent decision for Brunei to not join the Federation of Malaysia . The following units, or significant elements of them, deployed to Borneo in response to
2623-520: The residence of Mariam Abdul Aziz 's family. According to accounts, before a school was established in Kampong Jerudong, residents who wished to study had to temporarily leave their families to attend school in the city. They could only return home during school holidays. At that time, the distance from the village to the city was considerable, and the main mode of transportation was riding water buffalo. The first school in Jerudong, named Jerudong Malay School, opened on 3 August 1957. The school later became
2684-598: The royal family sometimes use it in their helicopters when they wish to visit Seria, especially on State occasions. Regarded as strategically important because of its proximity to the oil town of Seria, its history in the Brunei Revolt and the paucity of other Brunei airstrips usable by fixed-wing military aircraft, Anduki and the adjacent highway to Bandar Seri Begawan is one of the first areas to be secured by Gurkha and Brunei Army troops when they deploy on contemporary war exercises. On 8 December 1962, from two till five in
2745-402: The sense of a kampong or Malay traditional village, but it may also be an urbanised settlement within or near the capital city or a town , or part of the public housing estates . The population varies from hundreds to a few thousands. Villages are administered under the district office of the district where they belong. A village is headed by a village head ( ketua kampung ). It
2806-598: The several hotels in Jerudong, the most notable is The Empire Brunei , a luxury 5-star beach resort that opened in 2000. Jerudong is also home to the BRIDEX International Conference Centre, which has hosted the Brunei Darussalam International Defence Exhibition , a biennial event showcasing arms and defence technology. Additionally, the village houses the consulates of Russia and Benin, as well as Istana Nurul Izzah,
2867-568: The socio-economic amenities are present in every village. Some villages do not have primary and/or religious primary school – prospective resident pupils go to the schools in nearby villages. Some village subdivisions are simply designated public housing areas but having the population size comparable to a village. Other villages, especially in the more urban areas, may be large enough to function socio-economically as towns but without any municipal body. Several villages may also be part of municipal areas of Bandar Seri Begawan and other district towns, thus
2928-403: The story, shared by the ketua kampong ( village head ) of Jerudong, Haji Mohd. Rais, recounts that the village did not have an official name until a man and a woman, both from different places, met there. The woman was grazing her pet buffalo when a man arrived and asked about the village's name. Upon learning that the village was unnamed, they decided to name it together. The man suggested that
2989-527: The town – the runway at Anduki Airfield had been cleared by a small group of western civilians who had managed to escape the rebels. One escapee, Hugh McDonald, a Shell contractor and WWII veteran, made contact with Singapore installations to confirm a safe landing. On 10 December, a company of the Queen's Own Highlanders boarded five Twin Pioneers and a Beverley at Brunei. The Twin Pioneers landed west of Seria and
3050-574: The tracks through the interior (there were no roads), helped contain the rebels and cut off their escape route to Indonesia. Meanwhile, reinforcements flowed into Labuan. The 2nd Gurkhas were brought up to battalion strength. On 10 December, the Far East 'spearhead battalion', the Queen's Own Highlanders began arriving in Brunei. Brigadier Arthur Patterson , commander 99th Gurkha Infantry Brigade arrived to take overall command from Brigadier Pat Glennie, normally
3111-655: The village in a north-south direction, terminating at Jerudong Beach in the north. These two roads are linked by an interchange and are also connected indirectly through a road that passes through Jerudong Park, leading to another interchange on the highway and terminating at a traffic light junction on Jalan Jerudong. Additionally, the western end of the Jerudong–Tungku Highway meets another traffic light junction on Jalan Jerudong at its eastern end. Around 1951, road construction began in Kampong Jerudong, but it could not be fully utilised that year due to various issues. It took three years before residents could use it comfortably. Before
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#17328517585963172-410: The villages encompassed by Mukim Sengkurong. The economy of Jerudong is based on a mixture of retail, service and hospitality. Jerudong has a number of grocery stores, restaurants and other types of shops which mainly cater the livelihood of the residents. It also has a fish market: Jerudong Market ( Pasar Jerudong ) is located close to Jerudong Beach, whereby the fish and other marine produce sold in
3233-448: The woman add to his word, starting with "Ja," to which she added "Dong." From this, the village was named "Jadong," and over time, the name evolved into "Jerudong." The woman, who kept repeating the word, even named her buffalo "Jaudong." There had been oil exploration attempts being conducted in Jerudong in the past. In 1914, five shallow wells were drilled but abandoned in the following year due to geological issues. Nevertheless, drilling
3294-626: Was in Kuching. This force was supported by the Brunei Malay Regiment , the Sarawak Rangers , police of the three territories including paramilitary Police Field Force, and Harrisson's force of now 4,000 Dayaks. Suitable coastal patrol naval vessels were lacking (the Royal Navy didn't have any) so minesweepers were used. The RAF had medium and short range transport aircraft. In January, the Queen's Own Highlanders and 1/2 Gurkhas were replaced by
3355-528: Was learned that this was not in rebel hands. The Beverleys landed at about 10:00 pm and the Gurkhas advanced into Brunei. They fought a series of actions, suffering six casualties, two fatal. A small group of Gurkhas led by Captain Digby Willoughby rescued the Sultan and took him to police headquarters. An advance to Seria met strong opposition and returned to Brunei to counter a rebel threat to its centre and
3416-490: Was not known that rebels had attacked police stations throughout Brunei, in the 5th Division of Sarawak and on the western edge of North Borneo. Miri was still in government hands but Limbang had been taken by the rebels. The situation was most serious in Seria where the rebels had captured the police station and were dominating the oilfields. Nine hours after ALE YELLOW, ALE RED was ordered and two companies of 1st Battalion, 2nd Gurkha Rifles , of 99th Infantry Brigade, moved to
3477-742: Was planned for Brunei, but not before 19 December. Claude Fenner , the Inspector General of the Malayan Police flew to Sarawak to investigate but found no evidence. However, the Chief of Staff in the British Far East Headquarters in Singapore did review and update the contingency plan, PALE ALE, for Brunei. However, the risk was assessed as low and the British Far East Land, Sea and Air Commanders-in-Chief were away from Singapore as
3538-619: Was renewed in 1940, and subsequently in 1955, by the then British Malayan Petroleum Company , resulting in the six wells being spudded. However, the wells yielded negligible results. In the past, Kampong Jerudong lacked a designated village head to oversee the settlement. Rather, the village's oldest inhabitant took on a leadership role, and the other residents obeyed the laws and regulations that this elder established. In addition, this elder oversaw all communal rituals and festivities. But when disagreements about who owned what property began to emerge, some people claimed land they didn't actually own,
3599-523: Was seen as a post-decolonisation alternative by local opposition against the Malaysian Federation plan. Local opposition throughout the Borneo territories was primarily based on economic, political, historical and cultural differences between the Borneo states and the Malayan peninsula, and an unwillingness to be subjected to peninsular political domination. However, before the Brunei People's Party electoral success,
3660-406: Was the man's. Aya inquired of Dong while he was fishing as to his residence. " Tu... jauh, Dong ," Dong responded. This phrase led to the location being known as "Jerudong" throughout time. This is comparable to the origin of the term "Brunei," which was taken from the words "Baru-nah," pronounced by the Sakai people upon discovering a new settlement that they had been looking for. Another version of
3721-615: Was the operational commander of land forces, Major General Walter Walker . On 6 December, Morris heard the rebellion would start on the 8th. The next day similar information reached John Fisher, the resident of the 4th Division of Sarawak, who was based in Miri some 20 miles (30 km) west of Brunei. As a result, police were put on full alert through Brunei, North Borneo and Sarawak, and Police Field Force reinforcements were flown from Kuching to Miri. The rebellion broke out at 2:00 am on 8 December. Signals from Brunei to British Far East Headquarters reported rebel attacks on police stations,
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