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46-518: Zagórz is the most southeasterly railroad junction of the PKP , with lines going into three directions - eastwards (to Krościenko and Ukrainian border), southwards (to Nowy Łupków and Slovak border) and westwards (to Jasło and the rest of the country). The village of Zagórz was established in the 14th century, when Red Ruthenia was annexed by the Kingdom of Poland . In early 16th-century documents, its name

92-715: A European Court ruling on the required restructuring of the Polish State Railways prior to joining the EU, is the PKP group company responsible for freight transport operations. It is currently the largest railway cargo carrier in Poland, and second-largest in the European Union. The company was founded after dividing Polskie Koleje Państwowe (all-national rail operator) into several dozens of companies to meet European Union Standards. PKP Cargo

138-513: A contract valued at €247 million was issued by PKP Intercity to the Swiss rolling stock manufacturer Stadler Rail for the manufacture and delivery of 12 Stadler FLIRT electric multiple units in an eight-car long configuration as well as a 15-year maintenance period; these feature both first class and second class compartments along with an onboard lounge bar area and accessibility adaptions for persons of reduced mobility. In 2024, PKP Intercity signed

184-691: A contract with H. Cegielski – FPS for the delivery of 300 modern railroad carriages. The contract with the Polish rolling stock manufacturer is worth PLN 4.2 billion (ca. EUR 1 billion). It also covers an option for the production of additional 150 carriages, which would increase the total value of the deal to PLN 6.35 billion (EUR 1.47 billion). The new carriages will be designed to reach the speeds of 200 km/h and are expected to be delivered in 2028. They will also be authorised for operation in Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia. The company runs

230-642: A new speed record for Polish railways was set when the Pendolino ED250 reached a speed of 291 km/h (181 mph). Furthermore, on 24 November 2013, the final day of tests on the CMK Central Rail Line , the Pendolino reached 293 km/h (182 mph). On 11 September 2014, Polands's Railway Transport Office (UTK) announced that the ED250 had been certified for operation at up to 250km/h in accordance with

276-594: A rail junction contributed to the development of the village, whose population grew to 2,400 (in the year 1914). During the Polish–Ukrainian War (1918-1919), local rail workers built the armoured train Gromobój , which protected the area from Ukrainian raids. In the Second Polish Republic , Zagorz belonged to Lwow Voivodeship . On September 12, 1939, the first Wehrmacht units entered the village.. During

322-660: A result left the railways far less able to compete with intercity bus and air services. During the entire communist period, only one major infrastructural project relating to the railways was completed. This, the Central Trunk Line , was a prestige project completed in 1976, intended both for heavy coal transport and fast passenger services. This line for the first time allowed passengers to travel in comfort and at relatively high speed from Kraków and Katowice to Warsaw; however, high-speed services have never started, although test runs reached 250 km/h in 1994. Moreover, despite

368-493: A scheduled speed of up to 200 km/h (124 mph) along selected stretches of the Warszawa - Gdynia and Central Rail Line routes. Various other schemes were underway during the late 2010s, such as the retrofitting of Wi-Fi apparatus throughout the various types of rolling stock to provide passengers with mobile internet access, having completed work on 171 PKP Intercity cars and 40 combined sets by August 2018. One year later,

414-690: A single-track line for almost 400 km, from the Polish- Ukrainian border crossing just east of Hrubieszów to Sławków Południowy (near Katowice ). It is used only for freight traffic, mainly iron ore and coal. It is the westernmost broad gauge railway line in Europe that is connected to the broad gauge rail system of the countries which before 1991 constituted the Soviet Union . Electric train traction of Polish State Railway started in 1936 in Warsaw area and

460-678: A solution. The end of the crisis and an increase in cargo transport and income came in 1937. Following the German invasion on 1 September 1939 and the Soviet invasion of eastern Poland on 17 September 1939, most Polish rolling stock fell into Soviet hands. The Polish railways in Silesia, Greater Poland and Pomerania were adopted by German railways Deutsche Reichsbahn on 25 September. The Polish railways in Generalgouvernement became Ostbahn. Until

506-478: A tourist attraction for British trainspotters since at least the mid-twentieth century. The late withdrawal of steam power on the PKP system meant that Poland was an attractive destination for rail enthusiasts long after steam had ended on Britain’s railways. The last PKP steam shed in Wolsztyn has remained in operation as a result of this tourism and continues to operate regular steam hauled services. PKP Intercity

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552-461: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Polskie Koleje Pa%C5%84stwowe The Polish State Railways ( Polish : Polskie Koleje Państwowe , abbr. : PKP S.A. ) is a Polish state-owned holding company (legally a sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury ) comprising the rail transport holdings of the country's formerly dominant namesake railway operator . The company

598-478: Is a semi-independent division of PKP that operates long-distance passenger trains in Poland. It was founded in 2001 when, in preparation for separation between infrastructure management and transport operations, the Polish State Railways were reorganized into a number of independent operating companies under the unified direction of the PKP Group . PKP Intercity operates all InterCity trains in Poland as well as most of

644-503: Is a switch, which can be used to connect the overhead wires together. At some lines, a three-phase AC line operated with 6 kV, 15 kV or 20 kV runs parallel to the railway line , either on the poles of the overhead wire or on separate poles. It is used for power supply of signals, level crossing equipment and other devices requiring electric power used for the rail. This line can be also used for emergency power supply of substations. Until 22 December 2008 Przewozy Regionalne

690-506: Is currently the parent company of the PKP Group, passenger operators PKP Intercity and PKP Szybka Kolej Miejska w Trójmieście . Freight carriers PKP Cargo and PKP Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa are also parts of the group. PKP is also one of the largest real estate managers in Poland. Regaining independence on 11 November 1918 allowed Poland to reclaim the former Russian and Austrian sectors from military railways. The Railway Department in

736-399: Is indoors, outdoor switchgear is used at 110 kV. The distance between substations is between 15 and 28 kilometres. For reliability of supply, substations are usually fed by at least two powerlines. Each substation normally feeds two segments of the overhead wire, which are separated by a switch. As is common with DC systems, the negative pole is grounded. Halfway between two substations, there

782-423: Is owned by the PKP S.A. (50% + 1 share) and private investors. It is a railway transportation service that originally functioned in Poland's Tricity area ( Gdynia , Sopot and Gdańsk ). The system has since grown to cover a longer route, reaching towns like Słupsk , Lębork and Wejherowo . It is serviced by electric multiple unit cars at a frequency of 6 minutes to half an hour between trains (depending on

828-455: Is performed since the beginning with 3 kV DC. As of 1 January 2011, 11481 kilometres were electrified by a total length of 19276 kilometres. All used power is taken from the public grid and rectified in substations . Most substations are fed with voltages between 15 and 30 kV. Where lines have heavy traffic and higher speed, the substations are fed from the 110 kV grid. The switchyard of substations fed from voltages below 30 kV

874-451: Is the subsidiary of the PKP Group responsible for long-distance rail passenger transport in Poland. It operates around 350 trains daily, connecting large agglomerations and smaller towns in Poland . It offers its services under TLK, InterCity , Express Intercity and Express Intercity Premium brands. The company also provides most international rail connections to and from the country. In 2023,

920-488: The Bar Confederation , and in 1789, when Zagórz already belonged to Austrian Galicia (see Partitions of Poland ), the abbey was closed by Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor . In 1830, the complex burned in a fire. In 1880, the population of Zagórz was 1,639, including Poles, "Rusyny" (Ukrainians), Jews and Germans. By that time, Zagorz already had a rail station, located in the district of Nowy Zagorz. The establishment of

966-554: The Polish resistance movement on railways took place about the same time. In 1942, production of simple military-use DR Kriegslok BR52 ( PKP class Ty2 ) steam locomotives began in Poznań and Chrzanów ; the steam boilers for these locomotives were produced in Sosnowiec . The Warsaw Uprising caused widespread damage of Warsaw rolling stock, network and electric traction; both bridges over

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1012-519: The Polish - Ukrainian border in Izow-Hrubieszów to Sławków Południowy (near Katowice ). The line was opened in 1979 and was used to import iron ore from the USSR, as well as to export coal and sulphur from Poland. After the fall of communism and the economic changes of 1989 traffic on the line has much diminished. At present various schemes are being tried to increase its profitability. This line runs as

1058-493: The CMK line (224 km line from Kraków and Katowice to Warsaw) with trains reaching 200 km/h (124 mph) as a regularly scheduled operation. There is a plan by PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe (infrastructure manager) to increase speed to 250 km/h on whole line soon. In the day of 13 December 2020 the speed limit was raised to 200 km/h also on the line from Warsaw to seaport Gdynia by New Pendolino train. The PKP has been

1104-540: The Ministry of Communication was created and the Polish railways were officially named Polskie Koleje Państwowe . In December 1918, the Greater Poland Uprising started. The rebels took over the former Prussian sector of railways. One year later, the fights for Lwów were over and the former Austrian railway directorate was taken over by Poland. Taking over the railways from Prussians lasted until 1921. After

1150-535: The Soviet Union. Due to the Red Army's rapid advance into Germany proper, the railway lines of Silesia, Farther Pomerania, and East Prussia largely remained intact, so that operations could be resumed. However, on many lines, the second track was removed and transported into the Soviet Union as war reparations. Because the Polish did have enough personnel, Germans continued their work, to be deported only in 1946. Renaming

1196-759: The Vistula River and the tunnel on the Warsaw Cross-City Line were destroyed. At the beginning of 1945, the Ministry of Transport was created, as well as the Regional Directorate of National Railways. Many pre-war locomotives were sent to the Soviet Union. Poland received many German locomotives as a compensation for war losses. In June, the rail connection with Warsaw was opened, using a temporary railway station made of warehouses. On 15 September 1945, PKP took over management of all railway lines on former German, now Polish Western and Northeastern land from

1242-401: The company reported an 18.2% of market share in terms of total number of served passengers in the country. PKP Intercity came into existence as a result of a major restructuring of the state-owned Polish railway operator Polskie Koleje Państwowe which, in 2001, was divided up into several different companies that were operated as independent entities on a commercial basis. This restructuring

1288-408: The country's EuroCity services throughout Europe. Although competition is rising in the long-distance rail travel market in Poland, PKP Intercity still holds a de facto monopoly in the industry, as its current market share represents almost 100% of the segment. PKP Intercity's trains currently (2015) operate under the following brands: PKP Cargo ( WSE :  PKP ), founded in 2001 so as to satisfy

1334-453: The country's rapidly expanding network of motorways and express roads . However, ever-decreasing journey times, better schedules which allow for well-coordinated connections, the rise of private operators and large-scale investment in infrastructure, in many cases aided by European Union funding, as well as new rolling stock is slowly enticing people back onto the railways. On 14 December 2014 PKP Intercity Pendolino trains began operating on

1380-557: The country, scheduling train timetables, and management of railway property, such as lines and stations. In 2024 PKP owns 16.54% of this company's shares. A company responsible for supplying Polish railroad operators with electric energy. PKP Energetyka was founded after dividing PKP into a group of several dozen independent companies to meet European Union Standards. PKP Group sold PKP Energetyka to CVC Capital Partners in 2015, which in turn sold it to PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna in 2022. PKP Intercity PKP Intercity

1426-521: The country; in 2007, PKP Intercity transported 11.6 million passengers, up by almost one million from 10.7 million passengers in 2006. By 2007, it was drawing up plans to purchase new locomotives and to further upgrade existing rolling stock. In May 2011, PKP Intercity awarded a contract valued at €665 million to the French rolling stock manufacturer Alstom covering the manufacture and supply of 20 ED250 New Pendolino high speed trains. It additionally covered

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1472-520: The last moment before the German attack on the Soviet Union in 1941, cargo trains transported goods from the Soviet Union to Germany. The beginning of German attacks on the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 resulted in the possession of railway and rolling stock by the Ostbahn and the possession of PKP rolling stock with broad gauge track and reconstruction to standard gauge. The beginning of organized sabotage by

1518-454: The mid-to-late communist era, the state of the Polish railways deteriorated to a large extent. Once a large and profitable network, the systemic lack of funding and failure to acquire new rolling stock left PKP far behind the railway operators of Western Europe in terms of technical advances and passenger comfort. In addition to this, the poor state of many rail lines throughout the country led to ever-increasing journey times for passengers, and as

1564-445: The provision of all maintenance activities for up to 17 years and the construction of a new maintenance depot. These trainsets, each comprising seven cars, were built to PKP Intercity's individual specifications; whilst capable of attaining a maximum speed of 250 km/h, carrying up to 402 passengers, and incorporating various noise minimisation measures, they intentionally excluded the optional tilting mechanism . On 17 November 2013,

1610-456: The railways in Upper Silesia in 1922. That same year, a decision was made to divide railways in Poland into nine administrative districts. An economic crisis in the 1930s forced the state to cut back its budget for railway investment. Profit decreased by 50% compared to 1929. The next year, over 23,000 PKP employees had been dismissed and protests and strikes causes authorities to try to find

1656-535: The range of services provided by PKP Intercity has expanded; in 2005, PKP Intercity launched the TLK (Lowcost Trains) brand, an alternative service level aimed at less affluent passengers. In 2006, PKP Intercity inaugurated its first modern Customer Service Centre at Warsaw Central station; one year later, the second such facility was opened in Poznan. By the late 2000s, it operated the largest segment of passenger rail services in

1702-418: The relevant Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI). They are operated on existing conventional lines between major city groups such as Warsaw-Gdansk-Gdynia, Warsaw-Krakow, and Warsaw-Katowice, delivering significantly shortened journey times over traditional rolling stock, traversing the route between Warsaw and Gdansk in two and a half hours. In the 2020/21 timetable, ED250 routinely operated at

1748-407: The station names took quite some time, often causing confusion because the decreed Polish names were once again changed. Maps of the Polish railroad network still reflect in the borders drawn in 1945, because in the lands annexed in 1945, railroad lines are relatively dense. In the former territory of Congress Poland, however, only a few main lines existed had been built in the 19th century. During

1794-399: The successful completion of the section from southern to central Poland, the planned extension to Gdańsk and the country's Baltic ports was never realised, and this significantly curtailed both the usefulness and potential of the line. Since Poland's return to democracy in the early 1990s, the Polish State Railways have faced ever-increasing competition from private automotive transport and

1840-644: The time of day). It is comparable to subway service or light rail in other European cities. The Tricity area is uniquely suited for this mode of transport, as it's shaped in a relatively narrow north–south corridor between the Gdańsk Bay and the Tricity Landscape Park . PKP LHS is a company of the PKP Group responsible for infrastructure operation and freight transport on the Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line . The line runs for about 400 km from

1886-543: The victory over the Red Army in the Polish-Bolshevik War (1920), a great deal of damage in railway structure was discovered on the route along which the communists were retreating. At the same time, the tense relations with Lithuania led the railways around Vilnius and Minsk to a partial disintegration and stagnation. The Libau–Romny Railway was not recovered. The Polish railways administration finally took over

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1932-535: The war, a Home Army unit operated in the area of the village. German occupation ended on September 13, 1944, when the Red Army entered Zagorz. During World War II dzielnica Zasław of the town Zagórz was the location of Zasław concentration camp set up by Nazi Germany for the concentration and exploitation of Polish Jews soon to be exterminated in Belzec . [REDACTED] Media related to Zagórz at Wikimedia Commons This Sanok County location article

1978-577: Was a wholly owned subsidiary of the PKP Group ; after that date, all of its shares have been transferred to Poland's 16 regional governments. Thus, the company is no longer part of the PKP Group and on interregional routes its InterRegio trains compete with PKP Intercity TLK trains. This was done in order to increase competition amongst operators on the Polish rail network. The company finally changed its name from PKP Przewozy Regionalne to Przewozy Regionalne on 8 December 2009. A company responsible for maintenance of rail tracks, conducting trains across

2024-486: Was aimed at separating railway operating activities from the management of Poland's railway infrastructure. PKP Intercity is a subsidiary of PKP Group, a state-owned holding company for various other railway-orientated subsidiaries. PKP Intercity introduced a new standard of service in the Polish rail sector. Certain trains operated under the InterCity brand offer onboard snacks and most feature air conditioning . Over time,

2070-441: Was reformed in 2001 when the former Polish State Railways state-owned enterprise was divided into several units based on the need for separation between infrastructure management and transport operations. Polish State Railways is the dominant company in the PKP Group collective that resulted from the split, and maintains 100% share control, being fully responsible for the assets of all of the other PKP Group component companies. PKP

2116-466: Was spelled Sagorsze and Sogorsch. Zagorz belonged to the noble Tarnawski family, but in 1490, the village was sold to Piotr Kmita Sobienski . In the 16th and 17th centuries, Zagórz frequently changed owners. In 1710, Voivode of Volhynia , Count Jan Adam Stadnicki built in Zagórz a fortified Carmelite monastery, which also served as a hospital for war veterans. The complex served as a hideout for rebels of

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