79-542: A waffle is a dish made from leavened batter or dough that is cooked between two plates that are patterned to give a characteristic size, shape, and surface impression. There are many variations based on the type of waffle iron and recipe used. Waffles are eaten throughout the world, particularly in Belgium , which has over a dozen regional varieties. Waffles may be made fresh or simply heated after having been commercially cooked and frozen. The word waffle first appears in
158-595: A leavening agent such as baking powder is included to aerate and fluff up the batter as it cooks, or the mixture may be naturally fermented for this purpose as well as to add flavour. Carbonated water or another carbonated liquid such as beer may instead be used to aerate the batter in some recipes, such as for Fanta cake . Other substitutes for water are wine, or flavored liquors like curaçao , brandy , and maraschino . The viscosity of batter may range from very "heavy" (adhering to an upturned spoon) to "thin" (similar to single cream , enough to pour or drop from
237-426: A "grid cake" or "grid biscuits" (格仔餅), is a waffle usually made and sold by street hawkers and eaten warm on the street. It is similar to a traditional waffle but larger, round in shape and divided into four quarters. It is usually served as a snack. Butter, peanut butter and sugar are spread on one side of the cooked waffle, and then it is folded into a semicircle to eat. Eggs, sugar and evaporated milk are used in
316-503: A Huguenot defeat and the death of Anne de Montmorency , the royal commander-in-chief, and the short war ended in 1568 with the Peace of Longjumeau . The privileges granted to Protestants were widely opposed, however, leading to their cancellation and the resumption of war. The Dutch Republic , England and Navarre intervened on the Protestant side, while Spain, Tuscany and Pope Pius V supported
395-403: A bowl with salt and one ounce of brewer's yeast barm. Moisten it completely with warm milk. Then whisk fifteen egg whites and add that to the mixture, stirring continuously. Incorporate "un livre" (490 grams or 1.1 pounds) of fresh butter, and let the batter rise. Once the batter has risen, take your heated iron, made expressly for these waffles, and wrap some butter in a cloth and rub both sides of
474-556: A distinctive shape, with an oblong middle section (containing the hotdog) surrounded by flattened square edges. It is served plain or with a combination of ketchup , mustard , and pickle relish . Its popularity spread to the continental United States , the Philippines (then an American colony ), and throughout the rest of the Pacific Islands . Waffle dogs remain an iconic part of Hawaiian culture, though it has waned in popularity in
553-406: A husband as a set of instructions to his young wife. While it technically contains four recipes, all are a variation of the first: Beat some eggs in a bowl, season with salt and add wine. Toss in some flour, and mix. Then fill, little by little, two irons at a time with as much of the paste as a slice of cheese is large. Then close the iron and cook both sides. If the dough does not detach easily from
632-498: A last desperate bid to reconcile his people. Facing popular hostility against this policy of appeasement and at the instigation of his mother Catherine de' Medici , Charles oversaw the massacre of numerous Huguenot leaders who gathered in Paris for the royal wedding, though his direct involvement is still debated. This event, known as the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre , was a significant blow to
711-524: A leader in the development and publication of waffle recipes during the 18th century, introducing coffee waffles, the specific use of Hefeweizen beer yeast, cardamom, nutmeg, and a number of Zuickerwaffeln (sugar waffles). At the same time, the French introduced whipped egg whites to waffles, along with lemon zests, Spanish wine, and cloves. Joseph Gillier even published the first chocolate waffle recipe, featuring three ounces of chocolate grated and mixed into
790-684: A number of the 18th and 19th century varieties can still be easily found throughout Northern Europe, where they were first developed. Brussels waffles are prepared with an egg-white-leavened or yeast-leavened batter, traditionally an ale yeast; occasionally both types of leavening are used together. They are lighter, crisper and have larger pockets compared to other European waffle varieties, and are easy to differentiate from Liège Waffles by their rectangular sides. In Belgium, most waffles are served warm by street vendors and dusted with confectioner's sugar, though in tourist areas they might be topped with whipped cream, soft fruit or chocolate spread. Variants of
869-480: A result of the legislation, oublieurs were required " d'être au moins à la distance de deux toises l'un de l'autre. " (to be no less than four yards from one to the other). By the 17th century, unsweetened or honey-sweetened waffles and oublies—often made of non-wheat grains—were the type generally accessible to the average citizen. The wheat-based and particularly the sugar-sweetened varieties, while present throughout Europe, were prohibitively expensive for all but
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#1732837524082948-471: A spoon and sometimes called "drop batter"). Heat is applied to the batter, usually by frying , baking , or steaming , to cook the ingredients and to "set" the batter into a solid form. Batters may be sweet or savoury , often with either sugar or salt added (sometimes both). Many other flavourings such as herbs , spices , fruits , or vegetables may be added to the mixture. Beer is a popular ingredient in batters used to coat foods before frying. One reason
1027-566: A spoonful of pot sugar or powdered sugar. Take with that half water and half wine, and ginger and cinnamon. Alternately attributed to the 16th and 17th centuries, Groote Wafelen from the Belgian Een Antwerps kookboek was published as the first recipe to use leavening (beer yeast): Take white flour, warm cream, fresh melted butter, yeast, and mix together until the flour is no longer visible. Then add ten or twelve egg yolks. Those who do not want them to be too expensive may also add
1106-409: A sweet breakfast food, topped with butter and maple syrup , bacon, and other fruit syrups , honey, or powdered sugar. They are also found in many different savory dishes, such as fried chicken and waffles or topped with kidney stew. They may also be served as desserts, topped with ice cream and various other toppings. A large chain (over 1,900 locations) of waffle specialty diners , Waffle House ,
1185-625: A variety of shapes and flavors. Scandinavian style waffles, common throughout the Nordic countries , are thin and made in a round waffle iron. The batter is similar to other varieties, but does not contain sugar. The most common style are heart-shaped slices with a sweet topping such as cream or jam. Gofri (singular gofre) are waffles in Italy and can be found in the Piedmontese cuisine: they are light and crispy in texture, contain no egg or milk (according to
1264-644: A waffle pan and eaten with ice cream or maple syrup. It is a popular dessert in Korea . On the Internet, jokes about "the greatest invention of the Covid-19 Age" spread. There are various types of croffles that utilize various toppings such as basil, corn, cheese and so on. It is also popular with people because it is easy to make and eat at home. The beginning of Croffle is the cafe "Le Petit Parisian" in Dublin, Ireland. According to
1343-501: Is a richer, denser, sweeter, and chewier waffle. Native to the greater Wallonia region of Eastern Belgium – and alternately known as gaufres de chasse (hunting waffles) – they are an adaptation of brioche bread dough, featuring chunks of pearl sugar which caramelize on the outside of the waffle when baked. It is the most common type of waffle available in Belgium and prepared in plain, vanilla and cinnamon varieties by street vendors across
1422-468: Is most often used for pancakes , light cakes , and as a coating for fried foods. It is also used for a variety of batter breads . The word batter comes from the French word battre , which means to beat , as many batters require vigorous beating or whisking in their preparation. Many batters are made by combining dry flour with liquids such as water, milk , or eggs . Batters can also be made by soaking grains in water and grinding them wet. Often
1501-825: Is that a basic batter can be made from merely flour, beer, and some salt. The purpose of using beer is so the bubbles in the beer will add body and lightness to the batter. Depending on the type and quality of the beer, it may also add colour or some flavour to the batter. The practice of beer battering is popular in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Britain, Ireland, Germany, Iceland and Russia. Foods that are commonly beer-battered and fried include fish, chips , and onion rings . Batters are used in many cuisines under many names. Tempura in Japan, pakoda and dosa in India, galapong in
1580-520: Is the Dorsas who would go on to innovate commercial production of frozen waffles, which they began selling under the name " Eggo " in 1953. Manufacturers are now testing the production of waffles with potato starch, which increase the stability of the waffle and protect them from sticking to the iron. Belgian-style waffles were showcased at Expo 58 in Brussels. Another Belgian introduced Belgian-style waffles to
1659-534: Is the cause of all of this? God's blood, you are the cause of it all!" Catherine responded by declaring she had a lunatic for a son. Charles' physical condition, tending towards tuberculosis , deteriorated to the point where, by spring of 1574, his hoarse coughing turned bloody and his hemorrhages grew more violent. Charles IX died at the Château de Vincennes on 30 May 1574, aged 23. Given that his younger brother Henry, Duke of Anjou , had recently been elected King of
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#17328375240821738-460: Is the first to incorporate gros sucre into several waffle variations named in his 1822 work, Le Maitre d'Hotel Français . Then, in 1834, Leblanc publishes a complete recipe for gaufres grêlées (hail waffles), where gros sucre is mixed in. A full Gaufre de Liège recipe does not appear until 1921. Waffles remained widely popular in Europe for the first half of the 19th century, despite
1817-500: Is ubiquitous in the southern United States. Belgian waffles are based on a simplified version of the Brussels waffle. Recipes are typically baking soda leavened, though some are yeast-raised. They are distinguished from standard American waffles by their use of 1 ½" depth irons. Belgian waffles take their name from the Bel-Gem brand , which was promoted by waffle vendor Maurice Vermersch, who came from Brussels , Belgium. The thicker style
1896-511: The Beuckelaer and Bruegel paintings of the time. By the mid-16th century, there were signs of waffles' mounting French popularity. François I, king from 1494 to 1547, who, it was said, les aimait beacoup (loved them a lot), had a set of waffle irons cast in pure silver. His successor, Charles IX enacted the first waffle legislation in 1560 in response to a series of quarrels and fights that had been breaking out between oublieurs. As
1975-526: The Edict of Roussillon , which standardised 1 January as the first day of the year throughout France. War again broke out in 1567 after Charles added 6,000 Swiss mercenaries to his personal guards. Huguenots, fearing a Catholic attack was imminent, tried to abduct the king at Meaux , seized various cities, and massacred Catholics at Nîmes in an action known as the Michelade . The Battle of Saint-Denis resulted in
2054-581: The Greeks cooked flat cakes, called obelios , between hot metal plates. As they spread throughout medieval Europe , the cakes—made from a mixture of flour, water or milk, and often eggs—became known as wafers and were also cooked over an open fire between iron plates with long handles. Waffles are preceded, in the early Middle Ages, around the period of the 9th–10th centuries, with the simultaneous emergence of fer à hosties / hostieijzers (communion wafer irons) and moule à oublies (wafer irons). While
2133-501: The Liège waffle's distinctive ingredients, brioche-based dough and pearl sugar. It is not until 1814 that Antoine Beauvilliers publishes a recipe in l'Art du Cuisiner where brioche dough is introduced as the base of the waffle and sucre cassé (crushed block sugar) is used as a garnish for the waffles, though not worked into the dough. Antonin Carême , the famous Parisian pastry chef,
2212-486: The Philippines , spoonbread in the US, and many other examples are all types of batters. The ideal batter for fried foods is to be thick enough to adhere to the food, but not so thick as to become heavy. Batters made with wheat flour thicken with every second that passes after mixing because of the development of gluten . Strategies to reduce this effect include the use of ice water when mixing, alcohol (which does not mix with
2291-410: The communion wafer irons typically depicted imagery of Jesus and his crucifixion, the moule à oublies featured more trivial Biblical scenes or simple, emblematic designs. The format of the iron itself was almost always round and considerably larger than those used for communion. The oublie was, in its basic form, composed only of grain flour and water—just as the communion wafer was. It took until
2370-509: The waffle iron . When the waffle is baked and while it is still warm, it is cut into two halves. The warm filling made from syrup is spread in between the waffle halves, which glues them together. They are popular in the Netherlands and Belgium and sold in pre-prepared packages in shops and markets. Galettes campinoises / Kempense galetten are a type of waffle popular in Belgium. They are rigid and crunchy, but are buttery, crumbly and soft in
2449-453: The 11th century, when the Crusades brought new culinary ingredients to Western Europe, for flavorings such as orange blossom water to be added to oublies; however, locally sourced honey and other flavorings may have already been in use before that time. Oublies (which formally received this name c. 1200 ) spread throughout northwestern continental Europe. Their spread eventually led to
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2528-475: The 13th–14th centuries, it was not until the 15th century that a true physical distinction between the oublie and the waffle began to evolve. Notably, while a recipe like the fourth in Le Ménagier de Paris was only flour, salt, and wine—indistinguishable from common oublie recipes of the time—what emerged was a new shape to many of the irons being produced. Not only were the newly fashioned ones rectangular, taking
2607-466: The 16th century waffle recipes, Om ghode waffellen te backen —from the Dutch KANTL 15 manuscript ( c. 1500–1560 )—is only the second-known waffle recipe after the four variants described in Le Ménagier de Paris . For the first time, partial measurements were given, sugar was used, and spices were added directly to the batter: Take grated white bread. Take with that the yolk of an egg and
2686-468: The 16th century, paintings by Joachim de Beuckelaer, Pieter Aertsen and Pieter Bruegel clearly depict the modern waffle form. Bruegel's work, in particular, not only shows waffles being cooked, but fine detail of individual waffles. In those instances, the waffle pattern can be counted as a large 12x7 grid, with cleanly squared sides, suggesting the use of a fairly thin batter, akin to contemporary Brussels waffles ( Brusselse wafels ). The earliest of
2765-474: The 1806 British Atlantic naval blockade that greatly inflated the price of sugar. This coincided with the commercial production of beet sugar in continental Europe, which, in a matter of decades, had brought the price down to historical lows. Within the transitional period from cane to beet sugar, Florian Dacher formalized a recipe for the Brussels Waffle, the predecessor to American "Belgian" waffles, recording
2844-419: The 1874 edition of his recipe book "La Pâtisserie et la Confiture". Maximilien Consael, another Ghent chef, had claimed to have invented the waffles in 1839, though there's no written record of him either naming or selling the waffles until his participation in the 1856 Brussels Fair. Neither man created the recipe; they simply popularized and formalized an existing recipe as the Brussels waffle. The Liège waffle
2923-467: The Brussels waffles – with whipped and folded egg whites cooked in large rectangular forms – date from the 18th century. However, the oldest recognized reference to "Gaufres de Bruxelles" (Brussels Waffles) by name is attributed from 1842/43 to Florian Dacher, a Swiss baker in Ghent, Belgium, who had previously worked under pastry chefs in central Brussels. Philippe Cauderlier would later publish Dacher's recipe in
3002-660: The Catholics. Finally, the royal debt and the King's desire to seek a peaceful solution led to yet another truce, the Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in August 1570, which again granted concessions to the Huguenots. On 26 November 1570, Charles married Elisabeth of Austria , with whom he fathered one daughter, Marie Elisabeth . In 1573, Charles fathered an illegitimate son, Charles, Duke of Angoulême , with his mistress, Marie Touchet . After
3081-803: The Dutch and German yeasted recipes that preceded them, use only egg whites and over a pound of butter in each batch. They are also the oldest named recipe that survives in popular use to the present day, produced regionally and commercially by Meert. The 18th century is also when the word waffle first appeared in the English language, in a 1725 printing of Court Cookery by Robert Smith. Recipes had begun to spread throughout England and America, though essentially all were patterned after established Dutch, Belgian, German, and French versions. Waffle parties, known as "wafel frolics", were documented as early as 1744 in New Jersey, and
3160-494: The Dutch had earlier established waffles in New Amsterdam (New York City). Liège waffles, the most popular contemporary Belgian waffle variety, are rumored to have been invented during the 18th century, as well, by the chef to the prince-bishop of Liège . However, there are no German, French, Dutch, or Belgian cookbooks that contain references to them in this period – by any name – nor are there any waffle recipes that mention
3239-802: The English language in 1725: "Waffles. Take flower, cream...." It is directly derived from the Dutch wafel , which itself derives from the Middle Dutch wafele . While the Middle Dutch wafele is first attested to at the end of the 13th century, it is preceded by the French walfre in 1185. Both are from the Frankish word wafla ("honeycomb" or "cake"). Other spellings throughout modern and medieval Europe include waffe, wafre, wafer, wâfel, waufre, iauffe, gaufre, goffre, gauffre, wafe, waffel, wåfe, wāfel, wafe, vaffel, and våffla. In ancient times,
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3318-518: The French throne and husband to Queen Jeanne III of Navarre , was appointed Lieutenant-General of France. In 1560, a group of Huguenot nobles at Amboise had planned to try to abduct King Francis II and arrest the Catholic leaders Francis, Duke of Guise , and his brother Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine . The plot was discovered ahead of time, and the Guises were prepared, executing hundreds of Huguenots. This
3397-459: The French throne as Henry IV , establishing the House of Bourbon as the new French royal dynasty. Charles Maximilien of France, third son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici , was born on 27 June 1550 at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye . He was the fifth of ten children born to the royal couple. Styled since birth as Duke of Angoulême , he was created Duke of Orléans after
3476-550: The Huguenot movement, and religious civil warfare soon began anew. Charles sought to take advantage of the disarray of the Huguenots by ordering the siege of La Rochelle , but was unable to take the Protestant stronghold. Many of Charles' decisions were influenced by his mother, a fervent Roman Catholic who initially supported a policy of relative religious tolerance . After the events of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, he began to support
3555-558: The Irish newspaper Dublin Gadget (reported on July 20, 2017), Louise Lenox, a baker at the café in Camden Street, Dublin, first created a menu item called Croffle. Kue gapit is an Indonesian kue kering (dry snack) which originates from West Java. Generally made from tapioca flour, its name comes from the cooking process, in which it is grilled between iron molds like a waffle. The snack comes in
3634-463: The United States at the 1962 Seattle World's Fair, but only really took hold at the 1964 New York World's Fair , when another Belgian entrepreneur introduced his "Bel-Gem" waffles. In practice, contemporary American "Belgian waffles" are actually a hybrid of pre-existing American waffle types and ingredients and some attributes of the Belgian model. Even as most of the original recipes have faded from use,
3713-440: The batter, before cooking. A number of 18th century waffle recipes took on names to designate their country or region/city of origin— Schwedische Waffeln , Gauffres à l'Allemande and, most famous of all the 18th century varieties, Gauffres à la Flamande , which were first recorded in 1740. These Gauffres à la Flamande (Flemish waffles / Gaufres de Lille ) were the first French recipe to use beer yeast, but unlike
3792-498: The concessions given to the Huguenots. After the military leaders of both sides were either killed or captured in battles at Rouen , Dreux , and Orléans , the regent mediated a truce and issued the Edict of Amboise (1563). The war was followed by four years of an uneasy "armed peace", during which time Catherine united the factions in the successful effort to recapture Le Havre from the English. After this victory, Charles declared his legal majority in August 1563, formally ending
3871-550: The conclusion of the Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1570, the king increasingly came under the influence of Admiral Gaspard de Coligny , who had succeeded the slain Prince of Condé as leader of Huguenots after the Battle of Jarnac in 1569. Catherine, however, became increasingly fearful of Coligny's unchecked power, especially since he was pursuing an alliance with England and the Dutch. Coligny
3950-401: The culmination of decades of tension between Protestants and Catholics. Civil and religious war broke out between the two parties after the massacre of Vassy in 1562. In 1572, following several unsuccessful attempts at brokering peace, Charles arranged the marriage of his sister Margaret to Henry of Navarre , a major Protestant nobleman in the line of succession to the French throne, in
4029-518: The death of his elder brother Louis , his parents' second son, who had died in infancy on 24 October 1550. The royal children were raised under the supervision of the governor and governess of the royal children, Claude d'Urfé and Françoise d'Humières , under the orders of Diane de Poitiers . On 14 May 1564, Charles was presented the Order of the Garter by Henry Carey . Charles' father died in 1559, and
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#17328375240824108-406: The egg white and just milk. Put the resulting dough at the fireplace for four hours to let it rise better before baking it. Until this time, no recipes contained leavening, and dough could therefore be easily cooked in the thin moule à oublies . Groote Wafelen , in its use of leavening, was the genesis of contemporary waffles and validates the use of deeper irons ( wafelijzers ) depicted in
4187-433: The finest of the finest flour, mixed in white wine " and were served " like dessert pastry. " By the dawn of the 18th century, expansion of Caribbean plantations had cut sugar prices in half. Waffle recipes abounded and became decadent in their use of sugar and other rare ingredients. For instance, Menon 's gaufre from Nouveau Traité de la Cuisine included a livre of sugar for a demi-livre of flour. Germany became
4266-403: The flour to produce gluten), and making it at the last possible moment before use. Charles IX of France Charles IX (Charles Maximilien; 27 June 1550 – 30 May 1574) was King of France from 1560 until his death in 1574. He ascended the French throne upon the death of his brother Francis II in 1560, and as such was the penultimate monarch of the House of Valois . Charles' reign saw
4345-402: The form of the fer à hosties , but some circular oublie irons were cut down to create rectangles. It was also in this period that the waffle's classic grid motif appeared clearly in a French fer à oublie and a Belgian wafelijzer —albeit in a more shallowly engraved fashion—setting the stage for the more deeply gridded irons that were about to become commonplace throughout Belgium. By
4424-402: The formation of the oublieurs guild in 1270. Oublieurs/obloyers were responsible for producing not only oublies but also a number of other contemporaneous and subsequent pâtisseries légères (light pastries), including the waffles that were soon to arise. In the late 14th century, the first known waffle recipe was penned in an anonymous manuscript, Le Ménagier de Paris , written by
4503-617: The fuse that sparked the French Wars of Religion . Louis of Bourbon, Prince of Condé , brother of the Lieutenant-General and the suspected architect of the Amboise conspiracy , had already prepared for war and, taking Wassy as the pretext, assumed the role of a protector of Protestantism and began to seize and garrison strategic towns along the Loire Valley . In response, the monarchy revoked
4582-551: The iron with it. When the iron is completely heated, make your waffles, but do so gently for fear of burning them. Cooked, take them out, put them on a platter, and serve them with both sugar and orange blossom water on top. American waffles vary significantly. Generally denser and thinner than the Belgian waffle, they are often made from a batter leavened with baking powder , which is sometimes mixed with pecans, chocolate drops or berries and may be round, square, or rectangular in shape. Like American pancakes they are usually served as
4661-406: The iron, coat it first with a piece of cloth that has been soaked in oil or grease . The other three variations explain how cheese is to be placed between two layers of batter, grated and mixed into the batter, or left out, along with the eggs. However, this was a waffle / gaufre in name only, as the recipe contained no leavening. Though some have speculated that waffle irons first appeared in
4740-440: The king's fragile mental and physical constitution weakened drastically. His moods swung from boasting about the extremity of the massacre to exclamations that the screams of the murdered Huguenots kept ringing in his ears. Frantically, he blamed alternately himself – "What blood shed! What murders!", he cried to his nurse. "What evil counsel I have followed! O my God, forgive me... I am lost! I am lost!" – or his mother – "Who but you
4819-499: The massacres weakened Huguenot power, they also reignited war, which only ceased after the Edict of Boulogne in 1573 granted Huguenots amnesty and limited religious freedom. However, the year 1574 saw a failed Huguenot coup at Saint-Germain and successful Huguenot uprisings in Normandy, Poitou and the Rhône valley, setting the stage for another round of war. In the aftermath of the massacre,
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#17328375240824898-446: The monarchy and bourgeoisie. Even for the Dutch, who controlled much of the mid-century sugar trade, a kilogram of sugar was worth half an ounce of silver (the equivalent of ~$ 7 for a 5 lb. bag, 01/2016 spot silver prices), while, elsewhere in Europe, it fetched twice the price of opium. Wealthier families' waffles, often known as mestiers , were " smaller, thinner and above all more delicate, being composed of egg yolks, sugar, and
4977-580: The most ancient recipe) and come both in sweet and savory versions. Central Italian cuisine also features waffle-like cookies, which are locally known as pizzelle , ferratelle (in Abruzzo ) or cancelle (in Molise ). Stroopwafels are thin waffles with a syrup filling, which originated from the Dutch city of Gouda . The stiff batter for the waffles is made from flour , butter , brown sugar , yeast , milk , and eggs . Medium-sized balls of batter are put on
5056-548: The mouth. Hotdog waffles (or waffle dogs) are cylindrical waffles with a hot dog cooked inside them, similar to a corn dog . It is made with specialized waffle irons with cylindrical hotdog-bun shaped molds. They originate from Hawaii where it was first served at the KC Drive Inn in 1934, owned by the Japanese American Jiro Asato (who later legally changed his name to KC Jiro Asato). The original version has
5135-595: The nation. In the United States, they are best known for being sold at ski resorts, mostly in the Northeast , under the Waffle Cabin brand. Flemish waffles, or Gaufres à la Flamande, are a specialty of northern France and portions of western Belgium. The original recipe, published in 1740 by Louis-Auguste de Bourbon in Le Cuisinier Gascon , is as follows: Take "deux litrons" (1.7 liters or 7 cups) of flour and mix it in
5214-410: The oublieurs, remained in Paris. Waffles were shifting from a predominantly street-vendor-based product to an increasingly homemade product, aided by the 1918 introduction of GE's first electric commercial waffle maker. By the mid-1930s, dry pancake/waffle mix had been marketed by a number of companies, including Aunt Jemima , Bisquick , and a team of three brothers from San Jose, Calif. – the Dorsas. It
5293-406: The persecution of Huguenots. However, the incident haunted Charles for the rest of his life, and historians suspect that it caused his physical and mental health to deteriorate over the next two years. Charles died of tuberculosis in 1574 without legitimate male issue, and was succeeded by his brother Henry III , whose own death in 1589 without issue allowed for the ascension of Henry of Navarre to
5372-490: The recipe in 1842/43. Stroopwafels (Dutch syrup wafels), too, rose to prominence in the Netherlands by the middle of the century. However, by the second half of the 1800s, inexpensive beet sugar became widely available, and a wide range of pastries, candies and chocolates were now accessible to the middle class, as never before; waffles' popularity declined rapidly. By the early 20th century, waffle recipes became rare in recipe books, and only 29 professional waffle craftsmen,
5451-497: The regency. However, Catherine continued to play a principal role in politics, and often dominated her son. In March 1564, the King and his mother set out from Fontainebleau on a grand tour of France . Their tour spanned two years and brought them through Bar, Lyon , Salon-de-Provence (where they visited Nostradamus ), Carcassonne , Toulouse (where the King and his younger brother Henry were confirmed ), Bayonne , La Rochelle , and Moulins . During this trip, Charles IX issued
5530-405: The rest of Southeast Asia , where it is served with ketchup , mayonnaise , or both. Batter (cooking) Batter is a flour mixture with liquid and other ingredients such as sugar, salt, and leavening used for cooking. It usually contains more liquid than dough , which is also a mixture of flour and liquid. Batters are usually a pourable consistency that cannot be kneaded. The batter
5609-740: The rest of the US. It has also remained popular as a street food item in the Philippines, where variants can use other savory fillings like ham, bacon, longganisa , tuna, or cheese; as well as sweet fillings like ube , chocolate , or yema custard. The Filipino versions are also more uniformly cylindrical, with a grid pattern, and are usually served on bamboo skewers. The Filipino fast food chain Waffle Time, founded in 1998, specializes in hotdog waffles as well as other savory and sweet fillings. In modern times, it has also gained popularity in Thailand and
5688-411: The street, Parisians mutilated the body. The mob action then erupted into the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre , a systematic slaughter of Huguenots that was to last five days. Henry of Navarre managed to avoid death by pledging to convert to Catholicism. Over the next few weeks, the disorder spread to more cities across France. In all, up to 10,000 Huguenots were killed in Paris and the provinces. Though
5767-574: The use of pandan flavoring and coconut milk in the batter. The pandan flavoring results in the batter's distinctive spring green color . When cooked, the waffle browns and crisps on the outside and stays green and chewy on the inside. Unlike most waffles, pandan waffles are typically eaten plain. In Vietnam they are relatively cheap and so are popular among children. They are a popular street food made in either cast iron molds heated with charcoal or in electric waffle irons . Croffle (a compound word of croissant and waffle) bakes croissant dough in
5846-447: The waffle recipes, giving them a sweet flavor. They are generally soft and not dense. Traditional Hong Kong style waffles are full of the flavor of yolk . Sometimes different flavors, such as chocolate and honey melon, are used in the recipe and create various colors. Another style of Hong Kong waffle is the eggette or gai daan jai (鷄蛋仔), which have a ball-shaped pattern. Pandan waffles originate from Vietnam and are characterized by
5925-447: The wedding, which was set for 18 August 1572. On 22 August, a failed attempt on Coligny's life put the city in a state of apprehension, as both visiting Huguenots and Parisian Catholics feared an attack by the other side. In this situation, in the early morning of 24 August 1572, the Duke of Guise moved to avenge his father and murdered Coligny in his lodgings. As Coligny's body was thrown into
6004-528: Was also hated by Henry, Duke of Guise, who accused the Admiral of having ordered the assassination of his father Francis of Guise during the siege of Orléans in 1563. During the peace settlement, a marriage was arranged between Charles' sister Margaret of Valois and Henry of Navarre, the future King Henry IV, who was at that time heir to the throne of Navarre and one of the leading Huguenots. Many Huguenot nobles, including Admiral de Coligny, thronged into Paris for
6083-523: Was also popularized at the 1964 New York World's Fair . Bergische waffles, or Waffles from Berg county, are a specialty of the German region of Bergisches Land . The waffles are crisp and less dense than Belgian waffles, always heart shaped, and served with cherries, cream and optionally rice pudding as part of the traditional afternoon feast on Sundays in the region. Hong Kong style waffle, in Hong Kong called
6162-714: Was followed by cases of Protestant iconoclasm and Catholic reprisals. The regent Catherine tried to foster reconciliation at the Colloquy at Poissy and, after that failed, made several concessions to the Huguenots in the Edict of Saint-Germain in January 1562. Nonetheless, the Massacre of Vassy , perpetrated on 1 March 1562, when the Duke of Guise and his troops attacked and killed or wounded over 100 Huguenot worshipers and citizens, brought France spiralling towards civil war. The massacre lit
6241-515: Was succeeded by Charles' elder brother, King Francis II . Francis II died in 1560. The ten-year-old Charles was immediately proclaimed king on 5 December 1560, and the Privy Council appointed his mother, Catherine de' Medici , as governor of France ( gouvernante de France ), with sweeping powers, at first acting as regent for her young son. On 15 May 1561, Charles was consecrated in the cathedral at Reims . Antoine of Bourbon , himself in line to
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