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43-408: Voronoi or Voronoy is a Slavic masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Voronaya . It may refer to Georgy Voronoy (1868–1908), Russian and Ukrainian mathematician Voronoi diagram Weighted Voronoi diagram Voronoi deformation density Voronoi formula Voronoi pole Centroidal Voronoi tessellation Topics referred to by

86-465: A Voronoi texture generator as one of its main sources of randomly generated images, that can be applied as textures for many different uses. Among his students was Wacław Sierpiński (Ph.D. at Jagiellonian University in 1906). Although he was not formally the doctoral advisor of Boris Delaunay ( Ph.D. at Kyiv University ), his influence on the latter earns him the right to be considered so. In 2008 Ukraine released two- hryvnia coins commemorating

129-455: A certain object. (Note that the shader nodes editor is shown in the image, although mostly correct, has undergone a slight change, changing how the UI is structured and looks. Materials define the look of meshes , NURBS curves , and other geometric objects. They consist of three shaders to define the mesh's surface appearance, volume inside, and surface displacement. The surface shader defines

172-929: A cube or plane. The largest Blender contest gives out an award called the Suzanne Award , underscoring the significance of this unique 3D model in the Blender community. Blender has support for a variety of geometric primitives , including polygon meshes , Bézier curves , NURBS surfaces, metaballs , icospheres , text, and an n-gon modeling system called B-mesh. There is also an advanced polygonal modelling system which can be accessed through an edit mode. It supports features such as extrusion, bevelling , and subdividing. Modifiers apply non-destructive effects which can be applied upon rendering or exporting, such as subdivision surfaces . Blender has multi-resolution digital sculpting , which includes dynamic topology, "baking", remeshing, re-symmetrization, and decimation. The latter

215-444: A cup. It uses Lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) to simulate fluids and allows for plenty of adjustment of particles and resolution. The particle physics fluid simulation creates particles that follow the smoothed-particle hydrodynamics method. Blender has simulation tools for soft-body dynamics , including mesh collision detection , LBM fluid dynamics , smoke simulation, Bullet rigid-body dynamics, an ocean generator with waves,

258-609: A full 3D pipeline. Blender includes three render engines since version 2.80: EEVEE, Workbench and Cycles. Cycles is a path tracing render engine. It supports rendering through both the CPU and the GPU . Cycles supports the Open Shading Language since Blender 2.65. Cycles Hybrid Rendering is possible in Version 2.92 with Optix. Tiles are calculated with GPU in combination with CPU. EEVEE

301-674: A non-linear video editor called the Video Sequence Editor (VSE), with support for effects like Gaussian blur , color grading , fade and wipe transitions, and other video transformations. However, there is no built-in multi-core support for rendering video with the VSE. Blender supports Python scripting for the creation of custom tools, prototyping, importing/exporting from other formats, and task automation. This allows for integration with several external render engines through plugins/addons. Blender itself can also be compiled & imported as

344-476: A particle system that includes support for particle-based hair, and real-time control during physics simulation and rendering. In Blender 2.82, a new fluid simulation system called Mantaflow was added, replacing the old FLIP system. In Blender 2.92, another fluid simulation system called APIC, which builds on Mantaflow, was added. Vortices and more stable calculations are improved from the FLIP system. Cloth simulation

387-563: A python library for further automation and development. Blender features an internal file system that can pack multiple scenes into a single ".blend" file. A wide variety of import/export scripts that extend Blender capabilities (accessing the object data via an internal API ) make it possible to interoperate with other 3D tools. Blender organizes data as various kinds of "data blocks" (akin to glTF ), such as Objects, Meshes, Lamps, Scenes, Materials, Images, and so on. An object in Blender consists of multiple data blocks – for example, what

430-476: Is a free and open-source 3D computer graphics software tool set that runs on Windows , MacOS , BSD, Haiku , IRIX and Linux . It is used for creating animated films, visual effects , art, 3D-printed models, motion graphics , interactive 3D applications, virtual reality , and, formerly, video games. Blender was initially developed as an in-house application by the Dutch animation studio NeoGeo (no relation to

473-443: Is a path-tracing render engine that is designed to be interactive and easy to use, while still supporting many features. It has been included with Blender since 2011, with the release of Blender 2.61. Cycles supports with AVX, AVX2 and AVX-512 extensions, as well as CPU acceleration in modern hardware. Cycles supports GPU rendering, which is used to speed up rendering times. There are three GPU rendering modes: CUDA , which

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516-420: Is a "pure" path tracer. This integrator works by sending several light rays that act as photons from the camera out into the scene. These rays will eventually hit either: a light source, an object, or the world background. If these rays hit an object, they will bounce based on the angle of impact, and continue bouncing until a light source has been reached or until a maximum number of bounces, as determined by

559-418: Is a branched path tracing integrator, which works mostly the same way. Branched path tracing splits the light rays at each intersection with an object according to different surface components, and takes all lights into account for shading instead of just one. This added complexity makes computing each ray slower but reduces noise in the render, especially in scenes dominated by direct (one-bounce) lighting. This

602-427: Is a new physically based real-time renderer. While it is capable of driving Blender's real-time viewport for creating assets thanks to its speed, it can also work as a renderer for final frames. Workbench is a real-time render engine designed for fast rendering during modelling and animation preview. It is not intended for final rendering. Workbench supports assigning colors to objects for visual distinction. Cycles

645-571: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Georgy Voronoy Voronyi was born in the village of Zhuravka, Pyriatyn , in the Poltava Governorate , which was a part of the Russian Empire at that time and is in Varva Raion, Chernihiv Oblast , Ukraine . Beginning in 1889, Voronyi studied at Saint Petersburg University , where he

688-419: Is done by simulating vertices with a rigid body simulation. If done on a 3D mesh, it will produce similar effects as the soft body simulation. Blender's keyframed animation capabilities include inverse kinematics , armatures , hooks, curve- and lattice-based deformations , shape keys , non-linear animation, constraints, and vertex weighting . In addition, its Grease Pencil tools allow for 2D animation within

731-429: Is the core rendering algorithm used for lighting computations . Cycles currently supports a path tracing integrator with direct light sampling. It works well for a variety of lighting setups, but it is not as suitable for caustics and certain other complex lighting situations. Rays are traced from the camera into the scene, bouncing around until they find a light source (a lamp, an object material emitting light, or

774-512: Is the preferred method for older Nvidia graphics cards; OptiX , which utilizes the hardware ray-tracing capabilities of Nvidia's Turing architecture & Ampere architecture ; HIP , which supports rendering on AMD Radeon graphics cards; and oneAPI for Intel Arc GPUs. The toolkit software associated with these rendering modes does not come within Blender and needs to be separately installed and configured as per their respective source instructions. Multiple GPUs are also supported (with

817-627: Is used to simplify models for exporting purposes (an example being game assets). Blender has a node graph system for procedurally and non-destructively creating and manipulating geometry. It was first added to Blender 2.92, which focuses on object scattering and instancing. It takes the form of a modifier, so it can be stacked over other different modifiers. The system uses object attributes, which can be modified and overridden with string inputs. Attributes can include positions , normals and UV maps . All attributes can be viewed in an attribute spreadsheet editor. The Geometry Nodes utility also has

860-552: The Commodore Amiga platform during the 1987–1991 period. On January 1, 1998, Blender was released publicly online as SGI freeware. NeoGeo was later dissolved, and its client contracts were taken over by another company. After NeoGeo's dissolution, Ton Roosendaal founded Not a Number Technologies (NaN) in June 1998 to further develop Blender, initially distributing it as shareware until NaN went bankrupt in 2002. This also resulted in

903-472: The GPLv3 , as "no evident benefits" were seen. The binary releases of Blender are under GNU GPLv3 or later because of the incorporated Apache libraries. In 2019, with the release of version 2.80, the integrated game engine for making and prototyping video games was removed; Blender's developers recommended that users migrate to more powerful open source game engines such as Godot instead. In February 2002,

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946-471: The surface normals to give the impression of displacement (also known as bump mapping ) – real, or a combination of real displacement with bump mapping. EEVEE (or Eevee) is a real-time PBR renderer included in Blender from version 2.8. This render engine was given the nickname EEVEE, after the Pokémon . The name was later made into the backronym "Extra Easy Virtual Environment Engine" or EEVEE. With

989-611: The video game brand ), and was officially launched on January 2, 1994. Version 1.00 was released in January 1995, with the primary author being the company co-owner and software developer Ton Roosendaal . The name Blender was inspired by a song by the Swiss electronic band Yello , from the album Baby , which NeoGeo used in its showreel . Some design choices and experiences for Blender were carried over from an earlier software application, called Traces, that Roosendaal developed for NeoGeo on

1032-543: The capability of creating primitive meshes. In Blender 3.0, support for creating and modifying curves objects was added to Geometry Nodes; in the same release, the Geometry Nodes workflow was completely redesigned with fields, in order to make the system more intuitive and work like shader nodes. Blender can be used to simulate smoke, rain, dust, cloth, fluids, hair, and rigid bodies . The fluid simulator can be used for simulating liquids, like water being poured into

1075-450: The centenary of Voronyi's death. His son Yuriy Voronyi  [ uk ] became a prominent transplant surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human kidney transplant in 1933, volunteered for the army of Central Council of Ukraine , and fought in the Battle of Kruty . His daughter Mariia Vorona-Vasylenko became a teacher of Ukrainian language . Blender 3D Blender

1118-425: The default 3D viewport drawing system for modeling, texturing, etc. Free and open-source: Proprietary : Blender allows procedural and node-based textures, as well as texture painting , projective painting, vertex painting , weight painting and dynamic painting. Blender has a node-based compositor within the rendering pipeline, which is accelerated with OpenCL , and in 4.0 it supports GPU. It also includes

1161-429: The discontinuation of Blender's development. In May 2002, Roosendaal started the non-profit Blender Foundation , with the first goal to find a way to continue developing and promoting Blender as a community-based open-source project. On July 18, 2002, Roosendaal started the "Free Blender" campaign, a crowdfunding precursor. The campaign aimed at open-sourcing Blender for a one-time payment of €100,000 (USD 100,670 at

1204-677: The evening and from sleeping the whole night. I am so afraid that the results of my enduring efforts, obtained with such difficulty, will perish along with me. Following a severe gall bladder attack, Voronyi died on November 20, 1908. Voronyi introduced the concept of what we today call Voronoi diagrams or tessellations. They are used in many areas of science, such as the analysis of spatially distributed data, having become an important topic in geophysics , meteorology , condensed matter physics , and Lie groups . These tessellations are widely used in many areas of computer graphics, from architecture to film making and video games. Blender 3D includes

1247-452: The fate of the Blender software company, NaN, became evident as it faced imminent closure in March. Nevertheless, one more release was pushed out, Blender 2.25. As a sort of Easter egg and last personal tag, the artists and developers decided to add a 3D model of a chimpanzee head (called a "monkey" in the software). It was created by Willem-Paul van Overbruggen (SLiD3), who named it Suzanne, after

1290-496: The light interaction at the surface of the mesh. One or more bidirectional scattering distribution functions, or BSDFs , can specify if incoming light is reflected , refracted into the mesh, or absorbed . The alpha value is one measure of translucency. When the surface shader does not reflect or absorb light, it enters the volume (light transmission). If no volume shader is specified, it will pass straight through (or be refracted, see refractive index or IOR ) to another side of

1333-426: The mesh. If one is defined, a volume shader describes the light interaction as it passes through the volume of the mesh. Light may be scattered, absorbed, or even emitted at any point in the volume. The shape of the surface may be altered by displacement shaders . In this way, textures can be used to make the mesh surface more detailed. Depending on the settings, the displacement may be virtual-only modifying

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1376-554: The notable exception of the EEVEE render engine ) which can be used to create a render farm to speed up rendering by processing frames or tiles in parallel—having multiple GPUs, however, does not increase the available memory since each GPU can only access its own memory. Since Version 2.90, this limitation of SLI cards is broken with Nvidia's NVLink . Apple's Metal API got initial implementation in Blender 3.1 for Apple computers with M1 chips and AMD graphics cards . The integrator

1419-592: The orangutan in the Kevin Smith film Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back . Suzanne is Blender's alternative to more common test models such as the Utah Teapot and the Stanford Bunny . A low-polygon model with only 500 faces, Suzanne is included in Blender and often used as a quick and easy way to test materials, animations, rigs, textures, and lighting setups. It is as easily added to a scene as primitives such as

1462-814: The release of Blender 4.2 LTS in July 2024, EEVEE received an overhaul by its lead developer, Clément Foucault, called EEVEE Next. EEVEE Next boasts a variety of new features for Blender's real-time and rasterised renderer, including screen-space global illumination (SSGI) , virtual shadowmapping , sunlight extraction from HDRIs, and a rewritten system for reflections and indirect lighting via light probe volumes and cubemaps. EEVEE Next also brings improved volumetric rendering, along with support for displacement shaders and an improved depth of field system similar to Cycles. Plans for future releases of EEVEE include support for hardware-accelerated ray-tracing and continued improvements to performance and shader compilation. Using

1505-464: The right to use dual licensing so that, in addition to GPL 2.0-or-later , Blender would have been available also under the "Blender License", which did not require disclosing source code but required payments to the Blender Foundation. However, this option was never exercised and was suspended indefinitely in 2005. Blender is solely available under "GNU GPLv2 or any later" and was not updated to

1548-464: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Voronoi . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Voronoi&oldid=853740106 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description

1591-460: The time), with the money being collected from the community. On September 7, 2002, it was announced that they had collected enough funds and would release the Blender source code . Today, Blender is free and open-source software, largely developed by its community as well as 26 full-time employees and 12 freelancers employed by the Blender Institute. The Blender Foundation initially reserved

1634-481: The user would describe as a polygon mesh consists of at least an Object and a Mesh data block, and usually also a Material and many more, linked together. This allows various data blocks to refer to each other. There may be, for example, multiple Objects that refer to the same Mesh, and making subsequent editing of the shared mesh results in shape changes in all Objects using this Mesh. Objects, meshes, materials, textures, etc. can also be linked to other .blend files, which

1677-479: The user, which will cause it to terminate and result in a black, unlit pixel. Multiple rays are calculated and averaged out for each pixel, a process known as "sampling". This sampling number is set by the user and greatly affects the final image. Lower sampling often results in more noise and has the potential to create "fireflies" (which are uncharacteristically bright pixels), while higher sampling greatly reduces noise, but also increases render times. The alternative

1720-449: The world background), or until they are simply terminated based on the number of maximum bounces determined in the light path settings for the renderer. To find lamps and surfaces emitting light, both indirect light sampling (letting the ray follow the surface bidirectional scattering distribution function, or BSDF ) and direct light sampling (picking a light source and tracing a ray towards it) are used. The default path tracing integrator

1763-532: Was a student of Andrey Markov . In 1894 he defended his master's thesis On algebraic integers depending on the roots of an equation of third degree . In the same year, Voronyi became a professor at the University of Warsaw , where he worked on continued fractions . In 1897 he defended his doctoral thesis On a generalisation of a continuous fraction . He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1904 at Heidelberg . When he

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1806-436: Was only 40 years of age, Voronyi began having stomach problems. He wrote in his diary: I am making great progress with the question under study [indefinite quadratic forms]; however, at the same time my health is becoming worse and worse. Yesterday I had for the first time a clear idea of the algorithm in the theory of forms I am investigating, but also suffered a strong attack of bilious colic which prevented me from working in

1849-463: Was removed in Blender 3.0 with the advent of Cycles X, as improvements to the pure path tracing integrator made the branched path tracing integrator redundant Blender users can create their own nodes using the Open Shading Language (OSL); this allows users to create stunning materials that are entirely procedural, which allows them to be used on any objects without stretching the texture as opposed to image-based textures which need to be made to fit

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