Brick and mortar (or B&M ) is an organization or business with a physical presence in a building or other structure. The term brick-and-mortar business is often used to refer to a company that possesses or leases retail shops , factory production facilities , or warehouses for its operations. More specifically, in the jargon of e-commerce businesses in the 2000s, brick-and-mortar businesses are companies that have a physical presence (e.g., a retail shop in a building) and offer face-to-face customer experiences.
82-747: The Vagina Museum is the world's first brick and mortar museum about the female reproductive system . The project is based in the United Kingdom, and moved into its first fixed location in Camden Market , London, in October 2019. Its first exhibition opened on 16 November 2019. It moved to its second premises in Bethnal Green on 19 March 2022 and was open to the public until Wednesday, 1 February 2023. It reopened in its next long-term home in two railway arches in Bethnal Green on 4 November 2023. The Vagina Museum
164-626: A 2024 film, Blitz , about the wartime bombing of London ( the Blitz ), depicting and partly inspired by this event. Bethnal Green tube station opened on 4 December 1946 on the Central line and is between Liverpool Street and Mile End on the London Underground , however construction of the Central line's eastern extension into then- Essex was started in the 1930s, and the tunnels were largely complete at
246-543: A Metropolitan Borough in 1900, which merged with some of the neighbouring areas, to become the new London Borough of Tower Hamlets, in 1965. The area was part of the historic (or ancient) county of Middlesex , but military and most (or all) civil county functions were managed more locally, by the Tower Division (also known as the Tower Hamlets) . The role of the Tower Division ended when Bethnal Green became part of
328-591: A Parish, then a Metropolitan Borough before merging with neighbouring areas to become the north-western part of the new Tower Hamlets. Economic focus shifted from mainstream farming produce for the City of London – through highly perishable goods production ( market gardening ), weaving, dock and building work and light industry – to a high proportion of commuters to city businesses, public sector/care sector roles, construction, courier businesses and home-working digital and creative industries. Identifiable slums in
410-650: A Sunday flower market. Bethnal Green Junction , now just Bethnal Green from 1946 (which leads to confusion with the much-later London Underground station) and Cambridge Heath railway station are on the London Overground . Both were opened by the Great Eastern Railway (GER) on the Lea Valley Lines in 1872 as part of a more direct route to Enfield Town . The GER opened further Fast Lines that allow longer-distance trains to bypass these. Bethnal Green
492-451: A baby tripping on the stairs. A new anti-aircraft rocket being test-fired in nearby Victoria Park caused panic, being thought to be a German weapon. The panic began at 8:27. In the wet, dark conditions, a woman tripped on the crowded stairs, causing many others to fall. Within a few seconds 300 people were crushed in the narrow stairwell, causing the deaths of 173 people, mostly women and 62 children, who were crushed and asphyxiated. A report
574-448: A business has to make for elements such as rent of a store and monthly payments for services such as a security alarm . Fixed costs stay the same for a business even if it ramps up its operations or winds down its operations during a slow period. In contrast, variable costs change as a business ramps its operations up or down. Variable costs include wages (for employees paid by the hour) and electricity for operating machinery used by
656-443: A few types of each product. Online shops are able to have a huge amount of stock in numerous large warehouses (e.g., Amazon.com has warehouses in numerous locations from which it ships its products) which it can quickly ship out. An online store may be able to order up products from a large number of geographically dispersed warehouses, even warehouses owned and operated by third parties (e.g., smaller companies), which are connected to
738-542: A flow of people down the narrow staircase, with no handrail, of the uncompleted Bethnal Green tube station , wet from rain and only dimly lit due to blackout precautions, to shelter from bombs. (The station had been requisitioned in 1940 by the Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green under the supervision of the Regional Commissioners.) A crowd crush ensued, thought to have been triggered by a woman carrying
820-559: A lease with The Arch Co for six years. The museum reopened in November 2023, initially on the ground floor only as lifts were not yet available. A range of temporary exhibitions are planned, with the first one about endometriosis . Its first exhibition in its temporary gallery, titled " Endometriosis: Into The Unknown" was created in collaboration with Oxford EndoCare, part of the Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, and
902-455: A major local shopping area. In the 19th century, Bethnal Green remained characterised by its market gardens and by weaving. Having been an area of large houses and gardens as late as the 18th century, by about 1860 Bethnal Green was mainly full of tumbledown old buildings with many families living in each house. By the end of the century, Bethnal Green was one of the poorest slums in London. Jack
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#1732851559307984-441: A new permanent exhibition titled From A to V. Prior to the reopening, the museum was advertised on billboards in the vicinity with cheeky puns about other local businesses in the area. The Vagina Museum closed its original Bethnal Green premises on 2 February 2023. Following a fundraising drive in 2023 raising over £85,000 in which over 2,500 people donated, the museum found new premises on Poyser Street, Bethnal Green. It signed
1066-406: A physical presence only, they may also have an online presence such as Tesco , who offer an online grocery service as well as a brick-and-mortar retail presence. The presence of brick-and-mortar establishments may bring many benefits to businesses; The brick-and-mortar approach also has various drawbacks. Fixed costs are a serious challenge for B&M businesses. Fixed costs are payments that
1148-582: A physical rental store to rent a DVD, and then return to the store to give the DVD back. "The rapid rise of online film streaming offered by the likes of Lovefilm and Netflix made Blockbuster's video and DVD [rental] business model practically obsolete.' There has been an increase in online retailers in the 2000s, as people are using e-commerce (online sales) to fulfill basic needs ranging from grocery shopping to book purchases. Sales through mobile devices such as tablet computers and smartphones have also risen in
1230-414: A pre-Internet era, when contrasting businesses with physical retail presence with those that operated strictly in an order-by-mail capacity pre- Internet . The history of brick-and-mortar businesses cannot be dated precisely, but it existed in the earliest vendor stalls in the first towns (as early as 7500 BC), where merchants brought their agricultural produce, clay pots and handmade clothing to sell in
1312-601: A problem using the word vagina or vulva with almost half of 18-to-24 year old women say they are too embarrassed to talk about sexual health issues. We are therefore incredibly excited that the Vagina Museum is seeking to establish in Camden, and hope that it is funded to provide an inclusive and intersectional centre for learning, creativity, activism, and outreach that will add immeasurably to our collective understanding of our bodies. The crowdfunder raised £48,945 and in October 2019,
1394-608: A range of government departments and agencies, ranging from departments of motor vehicles (online car registration), police (paying speeding tickets online), city services (paying parking tickets online or requesting that a pothole be filled) and social services (registering for social assistance or unemployment insurance ) and tax departments (paying a tax bill or submitting a tax return online). Many governments use e-services to provide online information to citizens (e.g., "help" guides, Frequently Asked Question lists, manuals for government program applicants, etc.), thus saving on
1476-559: A reliable e-commerce system for payment, a good delivery or shipping service, and effective online marketing tactics to drive web traffic to the site. Governments are also adopting e-government approaches, which is the use of online services for citizens to enable them to fill out government forms, pay tax bills, and register for government programs online; these services aim to cut bricks-and-mortar costs (building leasing/purchase and staff costs) and improve services to citizens (by offering 24/7 access to information and services). The name
1558-518: A service center or repair facility where customers can bring their products, has played a crucial role in providing goods and services to consumers throughout history. All large retailers in the 19th and the early to mid-20th century started off with a smaller brick-and-mortar presence, which increased as the businesses grew. A prime example of this is McDonald's , a company that started with one small restaurant and now has nearly 36,000 restaurants in over 120 countries and plans to grow further; this shows
1640-461: A short time at the Queen's Arms inn at Romford . There, her beauty quickly attracts four suitors, three of whom lose interest when she declares her background, while the fourth, a knight is unconcerned by her father's status. The couple marry, and despite his seeming poverty, the beggar gives a huge dowry to the knight, to the bitter dismay of the other three suitors. The Blind Beggar public house, just on
1722-808: A talk on "Vulvanomics" by Emma L. E. Rees , author of The Vagina: A Literary and Cultural History , and a screening of the 2007 film Teeth (see vagina dentata ) followed by a Q&A with Amanda DiGioia, the author of Childbirth and Parenting in Horror Texts: The Marginalized and the Monstrous and various comedy nights. They have also held events at Limmud Festival 2017 and the Royal Institution . The museum held its first exhibition in August 2017 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Its second pop up exhibition
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#17328515593071804-515: A towpath to interrupt development, giving direct access to the canal. A row of Victorian workshops was built on Wadeson Street in what was a historically Jewish precinct. This became very overcrowded with 572 inhabitants living in 125 houses by the 1930s. During the Second World War, the Luftwaffe began The Blitz on 7 September 1940. Bethnal Green was in "Target Area A" along with the rest of
1886-697: A transitory business or an Internet -only presence, such as fully online shops , which have no physical presence for shoppers to visit, talk with staff in person, touch and handle products, or buy from the firm in person. However, such online businesses normally have non-public physical facilities from which they either run business operations (e.g., the company headquarters and back office facilities), and/or warehouses for storing and distributing products. Concerns such as foot traffic, storefront visibility, and appealing interior design apply to brick-and-mortar businesses rather than online ones. An online-only business needs to have an attractive, well-designed website ,
1968-558: A trust under which it was to be kept open and rent from it used for the benefit of poor people living in the vicinity. From that date, the trust has administered the land and its minute books are kept in the London Metropolitan Archives . Bethnal House, or Kirby's Castle, was the principal house on the Green. One of its owners was Sir Hugh Platt (1552–1608), author of books on gardening and practical science. Under its next owner it
2050-403: A village market . Bricks and mortar businesses remain important in the 2010s, though many shops and services, ranging from consumer electronics shops to clothing shops and even grocery shops have begun offering online shopping. This physical presence, either of a retail shop, a customer service location with staff, where clients can go in person to ask questions about a product or service, or
2132-458: Is a metonym derived from the traditional building materials associated with physical buildings: bricks and mortar , however, it is applicable to all stores with a physical storefront, not just those built out of bricks and mortar. The term brick-and-mortar businesses is also a retronym , in that most shops had a physical presence before the advent of the Internet . The term is also applicable in
2214-670: Is an area in London , England, and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets . It is in east London and part of the East End . The area emerged from the small settlement which developed around the Green , much of which survives today as Bethnal Green Gardens, beside Cambridge Heath Road. By the 16th century the term applied to a wider rural area, the Hamlet of Bethnal Green , which subsequently became
2296-818: The Church of England . After examining the text of the sermon, the Bishop of London condemned it as containing "erroneous and dangerous notions". As a result, the bishop sent Woodard to be a curate in Clapton . Globe Town was established from 1800 to provide for the expanding population of weavers around Bethnal Green attracted by improving prospects in silk weaving. The population of Bethnal Green trebled between 1801 and 1831, operating 20,000 looms in their own homes. By 1824, with restrictions on importation of French silks relaxed, up to half these looms became idle and prices were driven down. With many importing warehouses already established in
2378-527: The City and East seat in the London Assembly is held by the Labour Party member, Unmesh Desai . The area of Bethnal Green covers roughly three wards of Tower Hamlets; Bethnal Green represented by Councillors Mohammed Ahbab Hossain, Sirajul Islam (who is Statutory Deputy Mayor for Housing under Mayor of Tower Hamlets and Eve McQuillan; St Peter's (which takes its name from the ecclesiastical parish of
2460-656: The Cranbrook Estate in Bethnal Green. Bethnal Green is famous for its mulberry trees, most notably the Bethnal Green mulberry at the site of the former London Chest Hospital, which is reputed to be the oldest tree in the East End. Many of these mulberry trees may be a legacy of unsuccessful 16th and 17th century attempts to boost the weaving industries that Bethnal Green, Shoreditch , Spitalfields and other East End districts relied upon so heavily. Mulberries were used as
2542-401: The East End of London . Bethnal Green Library was bombed on the very first night of the Blitz. This forced the temporary relocation of the library into the unopened Bethnal Green Underground Station in order to provide continuity of lending services. The library was rebuilt and opened a few months later for the public. Oxford House also had a major role, with some local residents fleeing into
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2624-502: The Young V&;A and St John's Church , designed by John Soane . In John Stow 's Survey of London (1598) the hamlet was called Blethenal Green . It was one of the hamlets included in the Manor of Stepney and Hackney. Hackney later became separated. In 1678, the owners of houses surrounding the Green purchased the land to save it from being built on and in 1690, the land was conveyed to
2706-459: The 2000s: "While total online sales rose 18% year-on-year in December to £11.1 [B], according to the latest figures [January 2014] from e-tail industry body IMRG and advisory firm Capgemini, sales via mobile devices doubled to £3 [B].' The increase in households where both adults work outside the home, combined with the convenience of shopping for and buying products and services online, has decreased
2788-707: The 9 am-5 pm or 8 am-4 pm business hours of most physical government offices, and citizens do not have to incur the costs of transportation (e.g., bus tickets, gas, parking, etc.) associated with going to a bricks and mortar location. Nevertheless, government e-services do not help all citizens, due to the digital divide ; citizens who are in poverty , who are homeless or who live in rural or remote regions may not have access to high speed Internet . These citizens, as well as those who are not comfortable with computers or those who do not understand how to use them, which in practice means elderly people, are not able to benefit from e-services. Bethnal Green Bethnal Green
2870-432: The Bethnal Green side of the historic boundary with Whitechapel , is reputed to be the site of his begging. A depiction of the beggar is known to have been used on the head of the local beadle's staff in 1690. Later, the beggar and his daughter were the basis of the common seal of the Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green . The legend also inspired Elisabeth Frink 's sculpture Blind Beggar and his Dog (1958) on
2952-575: The Jews built Palestine Place as Cambridge Heath began to be fully developed during the first half of the 19th century. A windmill survived until at least 1836. Most local residents were poor, especially in the streets around the railway line and the Regent's Canal, as well as on Russia Lane. In 1841, the Anglo-Catholic Nathaniel Woodard , who was to become a highly influential educationalist in
3034-484: The Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green, affecting 21,700 houses, destroying 2,233 and making a further 893 uninhabitable. There were a total of 555 people killed and 400 seriously injured. Many unexploded bombs remain in the area, and on 14 May 2007, builders discovered a Second World War 1 m long 500 lb (230 kg) bomb . On 3 March 1943, the air-raid civil defence siren sounded at 8:17 pm, causing
3116-667: The Ripper operated at the western end of Bethnal Green and in neighbouring Whitechapel . In 1900, the Old Nichol Street rookery was replaced with the Boundary Estate (near the limits of Shoreditch). This was a first in council housing . Brothers Lew Grade and Bernard Delfont were brought up on the estate. In 1909, the larger Bethnal Green Estate was opened with money left by the philanthropist William Richard Sutton which he left for "modern dwellings and houses for occupation by
3198-450: The Salmon and Ball public house . Bethnal Green Road Market on the road of the same name, founded in the 18th century, grew and grew and became more full with stalls. By 1959 stalls were choking the streets and the council attempted to relocate the market but had no success. In 1986 there had been many shop closures but the stalls were still trading. The street market is now today recognised as
3280-609: The Vagina Museum was launched when the founder, Florence Schechter , discovered there was a penis museum in Iceland, the Icelandic Phallological Museum , but there was no equivalent for the vagina or vulva . The museum's first event, a comedy fundraiser, was held on 19 May 2017 headlined by Hayley Ellis. It has run a number of events since, including participating in a residency with The Mothership Group called Superculture. Events as part of this residency have included
3362-636: The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics based at the University of Oxford . In 2024, the Vagina Museum opened two further galleries, a "community gallery" and a permanent exhibition gallery. In October 2024, to mark Black History Month , the Museum announced that the galleries would be named after the Mothers of Gynecology , Anarcha, Lucy and Betsey. Brick and mortar This term is usually used to contrast with
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3444-610: The area during the 1950s and 1960s, with a gang known as The Firm. In 2015, three children Amira Abase, Shamima Begum , and Kadiza Sultana appeared in the press, referred to as the Bethnal Green trio . All three had attended the Bethnal Green Academy before leaving home to join the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). Excluding the five-year tenure of George Galloway at Westminster from 2005, for any seat containing
3526-524: The area had become a hamlet , a territorial sub-division of Stepney, with a degree of independence. Continued housebuilding and population growth in the 18th century led to the hamlet area becoming a fully independent daughter parish in 1743. The parish had a church, a benefice (for its priest) and vestry (for its people) in 1743. In 1855 Bethnal Green was included within the area of the Metropolitan Board of Works to which it nominated one member and
3608-707: The asylum are kept in the annual reports of the Commissioner in Lunacy. Even today, the park where the library stands is known locally as "Barmy Park". The original mansion, the White House, was supplemented by other buildings. In 1891, the Trust lost the use of Poor's Land to the London County Council. The asylum reorganised its buildings, demolishing the historic White House and erecting a new block in 1896. This building became
3690-456: The business during its operating hours. If a business increases its hours of operation, its hourly wages and electricity bill will rise, but its rent and security alarm costs will stay the same (assuming that the business does not add additional locations). Start-up companies and other small businesses typically find it hard to pay all of the fixed costs that are part of their venture. Research shows that 70% of new start up businesses fail within
3772-439: The citizens using online services are generally doing all of the administrative tasks (e.g., downloading a form, filling in a form, looking up guidance in an online "help" manual, paying fees) themselves using their home computer. E-government services also improve service for citizens who have access to a computer, Internet and an online payment method (e.g., a credit card or PayPal ), because these citizens are not limited by
3854-493: The customer experience, they add to the costs of operating a B&M establishment. On the other hand, an online virtual store in which customers select their own purchases in a virtual "shopping cart" and pay for them using e-commerce approaches may be able to serve thousands of customers at the same time. Beginning in the 1990s and early 2000s, many governments in industrialised countries began to offer e-government services to citizens. Online government services are offered by
3936-416: The district, the abundance of cheap labour was turned to boot, furniture and clothing manufacture. Globe Town continued its expansion into the 1860s, long after the decline of the silk industry. Columbia Road Flower Market is on the street of the same name which has kept some Victorian shops, and was established as Columbia Market in 1869 as a covered food market. It closed in 1886, but was later revived as
4018-527: The east side of the Green, No. 18 has a Tudor well in its cellar. The silk-weaving trade spread eastwards from Spitalfields throughout the 18th century. This attracted many Huguenot and Irish weavers to the district. Large estates of small two-storey cottages were developed in the west of the area to house them. A downturn in the trade in 1769 led to the Spitalfield Riots , and on 6 December 1769, two weavers accused of "cutting" were hanged in front of
4100-543: The first 10 years. People have busier lifestyles in the 2010s, with more families having both adults working, and therefore they find it harder to find the time to physically go and shop at stores and services. As well, in many cities traffic jams and congestion on roads have made it more stressful and time-consuming to drive to physical locations to shop. Online shopping and online services, which consumers can access from an Internet -connected laptop or smartphone are more convenient for these people. B&M increases
4182-489: The fixed cost for any business, therefore the products sold in physical shops tend to be more expensive compared to online shops. For stores selling expensive products or services in a B&M format, customers expect beautiful window displays, fine decorating in the establishment and well-dressed salespeople who earn high commission on their sales. Some high-end hair salons and luxury car stores even offer conveniences such as free espresso and bottled water, all of which add to
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#17328515593074264-474: The hours and location(s) of their bricks and mortar stores. Netflix , an online movie streaming website founded in 1997, is an example of how an online business has affected a B&M businesses such as video rental stores . After Netflix and similar companies became popular, traditional DVD rental stores such as Blockbuster LLC went out of business. Customers preferred to be able to instantly watch movies and TV shows using "streaming", without having to go to
4346-502: The house off Bethnal Green Road seeking shelter, this location was more attractive than the stables under the nearby Great Eastern Main Line arches. The Chief Shelter Welfare Officer at the time, Jane Leverson, is reported to have said that "people came to Oxford House not because it was an air raid shelter but because there they found happiness and a true spirit of fellowship". It is estimated that during this war, 80 tons of bombs fell on
4428-405: The importance of having a physical presence. For many small businesses , their business model is mostly limited to a bricks and mortar model, such as a diner restaurant or a dry cleaning service. Nevertheless, even service-based businesses can use websites and "apps" to reach new customers or improve their services. For example, a dry cleaning service could use a website to let customers know of
4510-562: The large company via the Internet. Queues ( lineups and waiting rooms ) are part and parcel of B&M retail businesses, due to physical constraints and the limitations on how many staff the business can afford to hire. A physical store may only have a few salespeople to serve customers, so many customers may have to wait in line during the busiest hours. To lessen the stress of waiting, some B&M stores provide big-screen TVs with cable TV, free coffee and newspapers; while these niceties improve
4592-434: The later part of the 19th century, became the curate of the newly created St. Bartholomew's in Bethnal Green. He was a capable pastoral visitor and established a parochial school. In 1843, he got into trouble for preaching a sermon in which he argued that The Book of Common Prayer should have additional material to provide for confession and absolution and in which he criticised the "inefficient and Godless clergy" of
4674-463: The local emblem when it was a partly self-governing neighbourhood of Tower Hamlets from 1986 to 1992, and the symbol can still be seen on many local street signs. The mulberry is also used as a symbol of the East End more generally, and is featured on the coat of arms of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets . The Green and Poor's Land is the area of open land now occupied by Bethnal Green Library ,
4756-552: The maps of Booth in Life and Labour of the People in London (3 editions, 1889–1903) were in large part cleared before the aerial bombardment of the Second World War which accelerated clearance of many tightly packed terraces of small houses to be replaced with green spaces and higher-rise social housing. The topographer Daniel Lysons suggested in the late 18th century that Bethnal
4838-506: The museum announced that its landlord had decided not to extend its lease beyond September. The Camden Market site closed but the museum retained its online presence while it sought a new premises. On 22 February 2022, it announced a relocation to 18 Victoria Park Square in Bethnal Green and a scheduled reopening date of 19 March 2022. On 19 March, the Vagina Museum reopened at 18 Victoria Park Square in Bethnal Green . The museum opened with its exhibition Periods: A Brief History , along with
4920-453: The museum moved into Camden Stables Market and began a programme of events. It opened its first exhibition, Muff Busters: vagina myths and how to fight them in November 2019. This exhibition was scheduled to end on 29 March 2020, but closed a few days earlier due to national lockdown restrictions in the UK. The next exhibition, Periods: A Brief History opened on 21 May 2021. In August 2021,
5002-486: The name Bethnal Green: the pre-1945 General Election decades of Bethnal Green South West was the last time when such a seat was not won by the chosen Labour Party candidate. Bethnal Green forms part of the UK Parliament constituency of Bethnal Green and Bow . Its MP since 2010 has been Rushanara Ali of the Labour Party . London overall has a directly elected executive Mayor of London, currently Sadiq Khan , and
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#17328515593075084-640: The need for call centers where citizens can call to ask questions or physical service locations where citizens can come in person to ask about government forms or services. These online government services aim at two goals: reducing costs to governments and improving client service. By offering these services and information online, governments save money, because they do not have to offer as many bricks and mortar client service centers where citizens can come and fill in these forms and pay government bills. Governments offering e-services can also operate with less civil servants and thus less salary and benefits costs, as
5166-552: The new County of London in 1889. The County of London was replaced by Greater London in 1965. In what would become northern Bethnal Green (known as Cambridge Heath ) a tract of common land , which stretched to the east and west, a part of the Manor and Ancient Parish of Stepney . The heath was used as pasture where people grazed their sheep in the 13th century, though 1275 records suggest at least one house stood there. Stepney's Manor House (known as Bishopswood , later Bishop's Hall )
5248-520: The number of customers going to retail outlets, as consumers can access the same information about products and services without paying for gas, parking and other costs, thus saving them time and money. "Today’s consumers lead busy lives and [Bricks and Mortar] shopping takes time. Often it is a [challenging] task. Consumers find researching and shopping on the Web far more convenient than brick-and-mortar visits." Brick and mortar businesses are not limited to having
5330-524: The outbreak of the Second World War although rails were not laid. The book Family and Kinship in East London (1957) shows an improvement in working class life. Husbands in the sample population no longer went out to drink but spent time with the family. As a result, both birth rate and infant death rate fell drastically and local prosperity increased. The famous criminals, the Kray twins , lived and operated in
5412-646: The overhead of selling these products and services. Online shops, even those for luxury goods, do not have to pay for high-end retail stores and salespeople. Nevertheless, high-end online stores typically incur higher costs for their online presence, because they need to have leading edge Web 2.0 functions on their website, a professionally designed site, and in some cases, staff available to respond to phone calls, e-mails and online "chat" questions. Products may be out stock in relatively small brick-and-mortar retail stores and due to limited space in small business retail stores, these establishments may only be able to carry
5494-636: The poor of London and other towns and populous places in England". The Peabody Trust administered the funds to complete much of the estate in 1910. The Regent's Canal opened in 1820, for horse-drawn canal barges to carry cargo between the London Docklands and the Grand Union Canal . These supplied local coal merchants and gas houses/plants (gasifiers) built along its banks including Bethnal Green. The London Society for Promoting Christianity among
5576-570: The present Bethnal Green Library. A history of Poor's Land and Bethnal House is included in The Green , written by A.J. Robinson and D.H.B. Chesshyre. Boxing has a long association with Bethnal Green. Daniel Mendoza , who was champion of England from 1792 to 1795 though born in Aldgate , lived in Paradise Row on the western side of Bethnal Green for 30 years. Joe Anderson , 'All England' champion of 1897,
5658-451: The same name ) represented by Councillors Kevin Brady, Tarik Khan and Gabriella Salva-Macallan; and Weaver's represented by Councillors John Pierce and Abdul Mukit All local councillors are currently members of the Labour Party . Between 1986 and 1992, the name Bethnal Green was applied to one of seven neighbourhoods to which power was devolved from the council. Much of the street signage in
5740-722: The tune of the Blind Beggar . A play on the same theme, almost certainly based on an existing ballad, is known to have been performed in 1600. According to one version of the legend, found in Thomas Percy 's Reliques of Ancient English Poetry published in 1765, the beggar was said to be Henry , the son of Simon de Montfort , but Percy himself declared that this version was not genuine. A version published in 1934, closely based on Percy's but with some amendments to include much older material, contains 67 verses. The ballad recounts how Bess leaves Bethnal Green to seek her fortune, and stays
5822-538: The various local government bodies were replaced by a single incorporated vestry which consisted of 48 elected vestrymen. Under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 , any parish that exceeded 2,000 ratepayers was to be divided into wards; as such the incorporated vestry of St Matthew Bethnal Green was divided into four wards (electing vestrymen ): No. 1 or East (9), No. 2 or North (9), No. 3 or West (15) and No. 4 or South (15). The (civil) parish became
5904-466: The word for "happy, blithe", or come from a personal name Blitha . In either case, the Dictionary of London Place Names supports a contraction involving hall or healh , noting h-dropping in local dialects, to Bethnal Green . The term Bethnal Green originally referred to a small common in the Manor and Ancient Parish of Stepney ; around which a small settlement developed. By the seventeenth century
5986-543: Was a corruption of Bathon Hall which would have been the residence of a notable Bathon family who owned large parts of Stepney , the parish of which Bethnal Green was part. "Green" related to one which lay "about half a mile beyond the suburbs". More recently it has been suggested that the name could be a derivation of the Anglo-Saxon Blithehale or Blythenhale from the 13th century. healh would have meant "angle, nook, or corner" and blithe would have been
6068-485: Was also formerly served by trains on the Great Eastern Main Line (GEML) via Stratford and saw two derailments in the later 20th century, similar to other contemporary comparators of busy, metropolitan junctions. Mowlem Street School opened in 1887. It was enlarged in 1898 and again in 1902 to accommodate 410 boys and 410 girls. A new single-storey building catering for 280 children was opened in 1971 when it
6150-483: Was called "Is Your Vagina Normal?", and it travelled around the UK to Ancient House, Thetford, Brainchild Festival 2018, SQIFF 2018, and Museums Association Conference 2018. In the 2017 Women of the Future Awards , Schechter was commended in the arts and culture category for her work with the Vagina Museum. A permanent museum was proposed with exhibitions on gynaecological anatomy from science to art to culture, which
6232-522: Was filed by Eric Linden, who witnessed the incident, with the Daily Mail , but not published. Very little information was provided at the time. The outcome of a government inquiry was not made public until 1946 to avoid a propaganda win for the enemy and to protect public morale. It was the largest loss of life in a single incident on the London Underground network. Director Steve McQueen made
6314-411: Was founded in response to a lack of gynaecological representation within the culture and heritage sector throughout the world. The museum usually hosts two temporary exhibitions per year which explore a multitude of topics surrounding gynaecological health, social history, activism and discourse, as well as an events programme of talks, workshops, comedy, theatre and performance art. The project to create
6396-607: Was from Bethnal Green. The north end of the Green is associated with the Natt family. During the 18th century they owned many of its houses. Netteswell House is the residence of the curator of the Bethnal Green Museum. It is almost certainly named after the village of Netteswell , near Harlow , whose rector was the Reverend Anthony Natt. A few of its houses have become University settlements . In Victoria Park Square, on
6478-558: Was located in Bethnal Green from at least 1207, on a site subsequently occupied by the London Chest Hospital . The area was once best known for the popular early modern ballad, The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green , which tells the story of a beautiful young woman named Bess, the daughter of a blind beggar. The earliest known explicit mention of the ballad is from 1624, but it was clearly well established by that date, as two other ballads of similar date were said to have been sung to
6560-470: Was renamed Mowlem Primary School. Bethnal Green Town Hall was completed in 1910 and the internationally renowned York Hall opened in 1929 with a capacity of 1,200. Later, in 1993, the Town Hall was vacated when the London Borough of Tower Hamlets moved its headquarters, and in 2007 the building was converted to a hotel which opened in 2010. The warehouse buildings rose from the Regent's Canal without
6642-582: Was to be trans-inclusive. On 21 March 2019, the Vagina Museum launched a crowdfunder to raise money to open a premises in Camden Market. The project was supported by Camden Council , and leader of Camden Council Georgia Gould said: Camden has a proud and radical history of challenging prejudice and orthodoxy, however, we acknowledge that the stigma associated with talking about gynaecological health has meant ignorance, confusion, shame, and poor medical care for too many. 65% of 16-to-25 year olds say they have
6724-582: Was visited by Samuel Pepys . In 1727 it was leased to Matthew Wright and for almost two centuries it was an asylum . Its two most distinguished inmates were Alexander Cruden , compiler of the Concordance to the Bible , and the poet Christopher Smart . Cruden recorded his experience in The London Citizen Grievously Injured (1739) and Smart's stay there is recorded by his daughter. Records of
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