56-595: The Ministry of Home Affairs ( IAST : Gṛha Mantrālaya ), or simply the Home Ministry , is a ministry of the Government of India . It is mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy . It is headed by Minister of Home Affairs . The Ministry of Home Affairs is also the cadre controlling authority for the Indian Police Service (IPS), DANIPS and DANICS . Police-I Division of
112-480: A ban on filing RTI inquiries took place, noted NGO Mahiti Adhikar Gujarat Pahel, also stating that no provision in the act allowed for the blacklisting of applicants. Scholars argue that the Right to Information Act's original intent to make government transparent and accountable is faltering as RTI requests are rejected and the bureaucratic systems are bogged down by thousands of requests. Many RTIs are rejected because
168-569: A broad range of social issues, including "land and environmental rights, social security benefits, the working of financial institutions, political party financing reform, civic infrastructure, and even public-private partnerships". As per section 24 of the Act, intelligence and security organisations, both central and state, are exempted from the RTI Act except in cases of corruption or human rights violation. Such central organisations are listed in schedule 2 of
224-433: A font, etc. It can be enabled in the input menu in the menu bar under System Preferences → International → Input Menu (or System Preferences → Language and Text → Input Sources) or can be viewed under Edit → Emoji & Symbols in many programs. Equivalent tools – such as gucharmap ( GNOME ) or kcharselect ( KDE ) – exist on most Linux desktop environments. Users of SCIM on Linux based platforms can also have
280-707: A modifier key to type letters with diacritical marks. For example, alt + a = ā. How this is set up varies by operating system. Linux/Unix and BSD desktop environments allow one to set up custom keyboard layouts and switch them by clicking a flag icon in the menu bar. macOS One can use the pre-installed US International keyboard, or install Toshiya Unebe's Easy Unicode keyboard layout. Microsoft Windows Windows also allows one to change keyboard layouts and set up additional custom keyboard mappings for IAST. This Pali keyboard installer made by Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator (MSKLC) supports IAST (works on Microsoft Windows up to at least version 10, can use Alt button on
336-624: A part of the composite dialogue process. Recently launched cyber coordination center (CYCORD) https://cycord.gov.in meant for assisting LEAs in all the matters of cyber-crime, cyber-espionage and cyber-terrorism works under this division. Division deals with arms and explosives; letters of request for mutual legal assistance in criminal matters; National Security Act, 1980 and representations thereunder; administration of Narcotics Control Bureau ; providing central assistance to victims of terrorist, communal, and naxal violence; matters relating to breach of privilege of MPs, etc. Legislative aspects of
392-452: A state legislature. It is also defined in the Act that bodies or authorities established or constituted by order or notification of appropriate government including bodies "owned, controlled or substantially financed" by government, or non-Government organizations "substantially financed, directly or indirectly by funds". Private bodies are not within the act's purview. In a decision of Sarbjit Roy vs Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission ,
448-758: Is Govind Mohan, IAS All Central Armed Police Forces such as the CRPF , CISF , BSF , etc. and the Union territory police forces are under the control of the Union Home Ministry. The Union Home Secretary is the Chief Advisor to the Union Home Minister on all matters such as policy formation, etc. The Post of Union Home Secretary is equivalent to the Chief Secretary of a State. The Union Home Secretary draws salary at
504-435: Is actually glottal , not velar . Some letters are modified with diacritics : Long vowels are marked with an overline (often called a macron ). Vocalic (syllabic) consonants, retroflexes and ṣ ( / ʂ ~ ɕ ~ʃ/ ) have an underdot . One letter has an overdot: ṅ ( /ŋ/ ). One has an acute accent : ś ( /ʃ/ ). One letter has a line below: ḻ ( / ɭ / ) (Vedic). Unlike ASCII -only romanisations such as ITRANS or Harvard-Kyoto ,
560-503: Is an act of the Parliament of India & Delhi Legislative Assembly which sets out the rules and procedures regarding citizens' right to access information. It replaced the former Freedom of Information Act, 2000. Under the provisions of RTI Act, any citizen of India may request information from a "public authority" (a body of Government or "instrumentality of State") which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. In case of
616-654: Is based on a scheme that emerged during the 19th century from suggestions by Charles Trevelyan , William Jones , Monier Monier-Williams and other scholars, and formalised by the Transliteration Committee of the Geneva Oriental Congress , in September 1894. IAST makes it possible for the reader to read the Indic text unambiguously, exactly as if it were in the original Indic script. It is this faithfulness to
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#1732851879326672-460: Is made up of a State Chief Information Commissioner (SCIC) and up to 10 State Information Commissioners (SIC). The Governor appoints the members of the SIC on the recommendation of a committee. Public authorities and government departments are required to appoint a State Public Information Officer (SPIO) and an appellate authority. The SPIO is the initial point of contact for citizens seeking information under
728-504: Is the initial contact for citizens who request information under the Right to Information (RTI) Act. If a citizen is dissatisfied with the response provided by the State Public Information Officer (SPIO), they may file an appeal with the designated Appellate Authority. The State Information Commission (SIC) is an autonomous body, that is established by state governments to ensure the public's right to information. The SIC
784-636: The Central Information Commission also reaffirmed that privatised public utility companies fall within the purview of RTI. As of 2014, private institutions and NGOs receiving over 95% of their infrastructure funds from the government come under the Act. The Central Information Commission (CIC) held that the political parties are public authorities and are answerable to citizens under the RTI Act. The CIC said that eight national parties - Congress , BJP , NCP , CPI(M) , CPI , BSP , NPP and AITC - has been substantially funded indirectly by
840-753: The ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts emerged in 2001 from the standards and library worlds. For the most part, ISO 15919 follows the IAST scheme, departing from it only in minor ways (e.g., ṃ/ṁ and ṛ/r̥)—see comparison below. The Indian National Library at Kolkata romanization , intended for the romanisation of all Indic scripts , is an extension of IAST. The IAST letters are listed with their Devanagari equivalents and phonetic values in IPA , valid for Sanskrit , Hindi and other modern languages that use Devanagari script, but some phonological changes have occurred: * H
896-759: The Indian Penal Code (IPC), Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), and also the Commission of Inquiry Act. It also handles matters relating to state legislations, which require the assent of the President under the Constitution, political pension to erstwhile rulers before independence, and mercy petitions under Article 72 of the Constitution . Countering of left-wing Naxalite-Maoist extremism in India. The division deals with
952-555: The Official Secrets Act 1923 and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act overrides. Right to Information codifies a fundamental right of the citizens of India. RTI has proven to be very useful, but is counteracted by the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2011 . The Right to Information (Amendment) Bill, 2019, seeks to amend Sections 13, 16, and 27 of the RTI Act. Section 13 of the original Act: It sets
1008-564: The Central Government and have the character of public authorities under the RTI Act as they perform public functions. But in August 2013 the government introduced a Right To Information (Amendment) Bill which would remove political parties from the scope of the law. Currently no parties are under the RTI Act and a case has been filed for bringing all political parties under it. The Right to Information Act 2019 passed on 25 July 2019 modified
1064-603: The Delhi High Court bringing the office of Chief Justice of India under the purview of the Right to Information (RTI) Act. The Right to information in India is governed by two major bodies: Chief Information commissioner who heads all the central departments and ministries- with their own public Information officers (PIO)s. CICs are directly under the President of India. The public authorities and departure under Union government of India are required to designate Central Public Information Officer and appellate authority. The CPIO
1120-661: The First Appellate Authority in the public authorities perform quasi judicial function of deciding on the application and appeal respectively. This act was enacted in order to consolidate the fundamental right in the Indian constitution 'freedom of speech'. Since RTI is implicit in the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression under Article 19 of the Indian Constitution, it is an implied fundamental right. Information disclosure in India had traditionally been restricted by
1176-872: The Freedom Fighters' Pension Scheme and the schemes for the rehabilitation of migrants from former West Pakistan/East Pakistan and the provision of relief to Sri Lankan and Tibetan refugees. It also handles work relating to Enemy Properties and residual work relating to Evacuee Properties. The division deals with matters relating to the Protection of Human Rights Act and also matters relating to national integration and communal harmony. Internal security and law and order, including anti-national and subversive activities of various groups/extremist organizations, policy and operational issues on terrorism, security clearances, monitoring of ISI activities and Home Secretary -level talks with Pakistan on terrorism and drug trafficking as
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#17328518793261232-522: The Right to Information (RTI) Act. If a citizen is dissatisfied with the SPIO's response, they can file an appeal with the appellate authority. As a final recourse, citizens can appeal to the State Information Commission.. The SPIO office is directly under the corresponding State Governor. State Information Commissions are independent bodies and Central Information Commission has no jurisdiction over
1288-582: The State Governments for the maintenance of security, peace, and harmony without trampling upon the constitutional rights of the States. The Ministry of Home Affairs has the following constituent Departments: Department of Border Management, dealing with the management of borders, including coastal borders. Department of Internal Security, dealing with police , law and order and rehabilitation . Department of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh Affairs, dealing with
1344-545: The State Information Commission. List of SICs: A citizen who desires to seek some information from a public authority is required to send, along with the application (a Postal order or DD ( Demand draft ) or a bankers cheque) or a court stamp payable to the Accounts Officer of the public authority as fee prescribed for seeking information. If the person is from a disadvantaged community, he/she need not pay. The applicant may also be required to pay further fee towards
1400-453: The acts and functionaries of the public authorities. There is a consensus felt that there is a need to amend the RTI Act to provide for the protection of those seeking information under the Act . The Asian Centre for Human Rights recommends that a separate chapter, "Protection of those seeking information under the (RTI) Act", be inserted into the Act. Protection measures suggested include: Many civil society members have recently alleged
1456-574: The area of Sanskrit studies make use of free OpenType fonts such as FreeSerif or Gentium , both of which have complete support for the full repertoire of conjoined diacritics in the IAST character set. Released under the GNU FreeFont or SIL Open Font License , respectively, such fonts may be freely shared and do not require the person reading or editing a document to purchase proprietary software to make use of its associated fonts. Right to Information Act, 2005 The Right to Information ( RTI )
1512-621: The bureaucratic requirements (including the technocratic language used) of filing are too onerous and legalistic for ordinary citizens. Sixty percent of the RTI appeals made to Information Commissioners in Delhi are rejected for a variety of reasons, including that appeals are not typed or not written in English, or lack an index of the papers attached or a list of date. This bureaucratic barrier, worse for those without access to higher education or information, makes
1568-597: The cadre controlling authority of the Arunachal Pradesh - Goa - Mizoram - Union Territories (AGMUT) cadre of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Forest Service (IFS/IFoS), and the Indian Police Service (IPS) as also Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Civil Service (DANICS)/ Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Police Service (DANIPS). Besides, it is responsible for overseeing
1624-668: The constitutional provisions in respect of the Union Territories Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh and all other matters relating to the UTs excluding those with which the Ministry of External Affairs is concerned. Dealing with the notification of assumption of office by the President and Vice-president , notification of appointment of the Prime Minister and other Ministers, etc. Dealing with
1680-526: The consumer edition since XP. This is limited to characters in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). Characters are searchable by Unicode character name, and the table can be limited to a particular code block. More advanced third-party tools of the same type are also available (a notable freeware example is BabelMap ). macOS provides a "character palette" with much the same functionality, along with searching by related characters, glyph tables in
1736-507: The cost of providing the information, details of which shall be intimated to the applicant by the PIO (Public Information Officer) as prescribed by the RTI ACT. A digital portal has been set up, RTI Portal , a gateway to the citizens for quick search of information on the details of first Appellate Authorities, PIOs etc. amongst others, besides access to RTI related information disclosures published on
Ministry of Home Affairs (India) - Misplaced Pages Continue
1792-507: The country for the management of international borders, the creation of infrastructure like roads/fencing and floodlighting of borders, border areas development program pilot project on Multi-purpose National Identity Card and Coastal Security. The division deals with Centre-State relations, including working on the constitutional provisions governing such relations, the appointment of governors, creation of new states, nominations to Rajya Sabha/Lok Sabha, Inter-State boundary disputes, over-seeing
1848-450: The crime and law and order situation in UTs. Central Armed Police Forces Commissions/Committees/Missions Councils Regional/Field Offices (Central Government ) International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration ( IAST ) is a transliteration scheme that allows the lossless romanisation of Indic scripts as employed by Sanskrit and related Indic languages. It
1904-544: The crime situation in States, imposition of President's Rule and work relating to Crime and Criminal Tracking Network System (CCTNS), etc. Intra-ministry coordination work, parliamentary matters, public grievances (PGs), publication of annual report of the ministry, record retention schedule, annual action plan of the ministry, custody of classified and unclassified records of the ministry, internal work study, furnishing of various reports of scheduled castes / scheduled tribes and persons with disabilities , etc. Responsible for
1960-525: The diacritics used for IAST allow capitalisation of proper names. The capital variants of letters never occurring word-initially ( Ṇ Ṅ Ñ Ṝ Ḹ ) are useful only when writing in all-caps and in Pāṇini contexts for which the convention is to typeset the IT sounds as capital letters. For the most part, IAST is a subset of ISO 15919 that merges the retroflex (underdotted) liquids with the vocalic ones ( ringed below ) and
2016-493: The first ten years of the commencement of the act, over 17,500,000 applications had been filed. Although Right to Information is not included as a Fundamental Right in the Constitution of India , it protects the fundamental rights to Freedom of Expression and Speech under Article 19(1)(a) and Right to Life and Personal Liberty under Article 21 guaranteed by the Constitution. The authorities under RTI Act 2005 are called public authorities. The Public Information Officer (PIO) or
2072-577: The implementation of the provisions of the Constitution relating to official languages and the provisions of the Official Languages Act, 1963. Department of Official Language was set up in June 1975 as an independent Department of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Dealing with center-state relations, inter-state relations, union territories and freedom fighters' pension. These are organizational divisions of
2128-431: The internal security and law and order situation in the northeastern states , including matters relating to insurgency and talks with various extremist groups operating in that region. Division functions as the cadre controlling authority in respect of Indian Police Service (IPS) and also deals with the award of Presidents' Police Medals for Meritorious/ Distinguished service and Gallantry, etc. This Division deals with
2184-525: The matter involving a petitioner's life and liberty, the information has to be provided within 48 hours. The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to proactively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request information formally. The RTI Bill was passed by Parliament of India on 15 June 2005 and came into force with effect from 12 October 2005. Every day on average, over 4800 RTI applications are filed. In
2240-523: The ministry is the cadre controlling authority in respect of the Indian Police Service; whereas, the UT Division is the administrative division for DANIPS . The Home Secretary ( IAST : Gṛiha Sachiva गृह सचिव ) is the administrative head of the Ministry of Home Affairs. This post is held by a very senior IAS officer of the rank of Secretary to Government of India . The current Home Secretary
2296-719: The ministry itself, without the splitting into specialized departments. Handling all administrative and vigilance matters, allocation of work among various Divisions of the ministry and monitoring of compliance of furnishing information under the Right to Information Act, 2005 , matters relating to the Order of Precedence , Padma Awards , Gallantry Awards, Jeevan Raksha Padak Awards, National Flag , National Anthem , State Emblem of India and Secretariat Security Organisation. Matters relating to coordination by administrative, diplomatic, security, intelligence, legal, regulatory, and economic agencies of
Ministry of Home Affairs (India) - Misplaced Pages Continue
2352-488: The modernization of Central Police Forces, police reforms, and police missions. The division deals with matters relating to policy formulation in respect of internal security issues, international cooperation on counter-terrorism, international covenants, bilateral assistance treaties, and related items of work. The division deals with all legislative and constitutional matters relating to Union territories , including National Capital Territory of Delhi . It also functions as
2408-716: The opportunity to install and use the sa-itrans-iast input handler which provides complete support for the ISO 15919 standard for the romanization of Indic languages as part of the m17n library. Or user can use some Unicode characters in Latin-1 Supplement, Latin Extended-A, Latin Extended Additional and Combining Diarcritical Marks block to write IAST. Only certain fonts support all the Latin Unicode characters essential for
2464-507: The original scripts that accounts for its continuing popularity amongst scholars. Scholars commonly use IAST in publications that cite textual material in Sanskrit, Pāḷi and other classical Indian languages. IAST is also used for major e-text repositories such as SARIT, Muktabodha, GRETIL, and sanskritdocuments.org. The IAST scheme represents more than a century of scholarly usage in books and journals on classical Indian studies. By contrast,
2520-605: The pay level 17 of the 7th Central Pay Commission i.e. Rupees 2,25,000 plus other allowances applicable per month which is equivalent to a Chief Secretary's salary. Chiefs of CAPFs , NIA and IB have operational independence to manage their forces with policy directives coming from the ministry. DGs of CAPFs may also report to the Special Secretary (Internal Security) and Special Secretary/ Additional Secretary (Border Management). The Ministry of Home Affairs extends manpower and financial support, guidance, and expertise to
2576-538: The policy, personnel, operational (including deployment), and financial matters relating to all the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs). It also deals with matters relating to the welfare of the serving and retired CAPF personnel and the deployments in UN peacekeeping missions . The division handles all items of work relating to the modernization of State Police Forces, provisioning/procurement of various items for
2632-669: The response, relief, and preparedness for natural calamities and human-made disasters (except drought and epidemics ). The division is also responsible for legislation, policy, capacity building, prevention, mitigation, and long-term rehabilitation. The division is responsible for formulating, operating, and controlling the budget of the ministry under the Integrated Finance Scheme. The division deals with all matters relating to visa , immigration , citizenship , overseas citizenship of India , acceptance of foreign contribution and hospitality. The division frames and implements
2688-464: The right side of the keyboard instead of Ctrl+Alt combination). Many systems provide a way to select Unicode characters visually. ISO/IEC 14755 refers to this as a screen-selection entry method . Microsoft Windows has provided a Unicode version of the Character Map program (find it by hitting ⊞ Win + R then type charmap then hit ↵ Enter ) since version NT 4.0 – appearing in
2744-486: The right to information inaccessible. Many citizens have to seek out NGOs, RTI activists, or lawyers, to file their RTIs. Many activists view the Right to Information Act as a final liberation from British colonialism; they describe the RTI law as "a tool for empowering ordinary citizens and changing the culture of governance by making it transparent, less corrupt, participatory, and accountable". They also note that RTI requests provide strategy and substance for activists on
2800-400: The short close-mid vowels with the long ones. The following seven exceptions are from the ISO standard accommodating an extended repertoire of symbols to allow transliteration of Devanāgarī and other Indic scripts , as used for languages other than Sanskrit. The most convenient method of inputting romanized Sanskrit is by setting up an alternative keyboard layout . This allows one to hold
2856-488: The state hampered the citizen's right to know. Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative (CHRI) data points to over 310 cases across India where people were either attacked, physically or mentally harassed or had their property damaged because of the information they sought under RTI. The data throws up over 50 alleged murders and two suicides that were directly linked with RTI applications filed. R.T.I. Act 2005 applies to both central as well as state governments. It also covers
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#17328518793262912-464: The subversion of the right to information Act by the invocation of Intellectual Property rights argument by the government agencies from time to time. Most notable are: Gujarat State Information Commission banned 10 people from filing RTI queries, citing that these people were "harassing government officials" by filing multiple queries with "malafide intentions". This was the first time in Gujarat that
2968-540: The term of the central Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioners at five years (or until the age of 65, whichever is earlier). Finally in Ashwanee K. Singh's case on 20 September 2020, it is stabilised that right to information is a fundamental right. The Act extends to the whole of India. It covers all the constitutional authorities, including executive, legislature and judiciary; any institution or body established or constituted by an act of Parliament or
3024-445: The terms and conditions of service of the CIC and Information Commissioners at the centre and in states. It had been criticized as watering down the independence of the information commissions, namely by empowering the government to fix the term of service and salaries of information commissioners. Supreme Court judgement Supreme Court of India on 13 November 2019, upheld the decision of
3080-483: The transliteration of Indic scripts according to the IAST and ISO 15919 standards. For example, the Arial , Tahoma and Times New Roman font packages that come with Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions also support precomposed Unicode characters like ī . Many other text fonts commonly used for book production may be lacking in support for one or more characters from this block. Accordingly, many academics working in
3136-546: The web by various Public Authorities under the government of India as well as the State Governments. It is an initiative taken by Department of Personnel and Training , Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions . The Right to information in India has been mired with controversies ranging from their use in political battles, asking for educational degrees of political rivals, or cases of blatant refusals to provide information on high-profile projects to allegations of misuse by civil society. The backlash against RTI by
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