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29-462: Ulch or ULCH may refer to: the Ulch people the Ulch language Ultra Low Cost Handset , a term used for some very simple mobile phones (see also: Feature phone ) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ulch . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

58-478: A devil's fur earmuffs were worn under such a hat. In the summer they used birch bark hats. Shoes were made of fish, deer and elk leather (rovduga), seal and sea lion leather. The term "shaved-head people" was used to describe the Nanai people by Ulch people. According to Sukernik et al. (2012), the mitochondrial DNA of the present-day Ulchi population belongs predominantly to haplogroup Y1a (69/160 = 43.1%), which

87-541: A sitting U.S. congressman, Larry McDonald , strayed into the Soviet air space and was attacked by a Soviet Su-15 interceptor just west of Sakhalin Island . The plane came down on the waters off the strait's only land mass, Moneron Island . An intensive naval search by the U.S. with assistance of Japanese and Korean vessels was carried on in a 225 square miles (580 km ) area of the strait just north of Moneron Island . In 1956

116-614: Is an older name used by Europeans to refer to a vast region covering Inner Asia , Central Asia and North Asia . The toponym is derived from the Medieval ethnonym Tartars , which was applied to various Turkic and Mongol semi- nomadic empires , including the Yuan dynasty that ruled over China and the straits of Northeast Asia. During the destruction of the Ming dynasty and rise of the Qing dynasty in 1644,

145-435: Is shared with Nivkhs, Koryaks, Evens, and Mongolians and is estimated to have a time to most recent common ancestor of approximately 6,000 (95% CI 3,300 <-> 8,800) years before present on the basis of complete genomes or approximately 1,800 (95% CI 800 <-> 2,900) years before present on the basis of synonymous positions. Another 20% of the present-day Ulchi population belongs to mitochondrial DNA haplogroup D , which

174-558: Is significantly more diverse than their haplogroup Y1a mtDNA and can be resolved as follows: 12/160 = 7.5% D4o2, 4/160 = 2.5% D4h, 3/160 = 1.9% D4e4, 3/160 = 1.9% D4j, 2/160 = 1.25% D3, 2/160 = 1.25% D4c2, 1/160 = 0.6% D4a1, 1/160 = 0.6% D4b2b, 1/160 = 0.6% D4g2b, 1/160 = 0.6% D4m2, 1/160 = 0.6% D4o1, 1/160 = 0.6% D5a. Haplogroups C (20/160 = 12.5%, including 11/160 = 6.9% C5, 5/160 = 3.1% C4b, 3/160 = 1.9% C4a1, 1/160 = 0.6% C1a) and G (14/160 = 8.75%, including 12/160 = 7.5% G1b and 2/160 = 1.25% G2a1) are also well represented. The remainder of

203-462: Is the Amur Liman ; and the name of "Strait of Tartary" is reserved for the largest section of the body of water, south of Nevelskoy Strait . The Tartar Strait was a puzzle to European explorers since, when approached from the south, it becomes increasingly shallow and looks like the head of a bay. In 1787 La Perouse decided not to risk it and turned south even though locals had told him that Sakhalin

232-530: Is the main branch of their traditional economic complex. Their most important food source was the anadromous salmon. The needs of their catch largely determined the settlement pattern of the Ulchi - along the right bank of the main channel of the Amur , on the main routes of the salmon returning to their spawning grounds. The traditional fishing equipment consisted of gear nets, rides, hook tackle, different types of stocks and

261-470: Is via Tsugaru Strait , and around Hokkaido ; the usual summer route, is via La Pérouse Strait and around Sakhalin . Only when coming back from Magadan to Vanino with a low load and in good weather would the ships travel along the shortest route, i.e., via the Amur Liman , Nevelskoy Strait , and the Strait of Tartary proper (which SASCO calls the "Strait of Sakhalin" – Sakhalinsky Proliv ). A tunnel under

290-585: The Oroks , it contains relics of the ancient pre-Tungusic " Amuric " vocabulary, which makes it possible to consider the ancestors of the Ulchi as one of the most ancient inhabitants of the Amur region. The traditional religion of the Ulchi, as well as of other peoples of the Amur region, is expressed by animism and shamanism . A large role in the social life of the Ulchi is their system of cults of family and ancestors ( ancestor worship ). Their religion bears similarities to

319-694: The Sea of Okhotsk ( Nevelskoy Strait ) on the north with the Sea of Japan on the south. It is 632 km (393 mi) long, 7–23 km (4.3–14.3 mi) wide, and only 4 m (13 ft) deep at its shallowest point. During the Yuan dynasty , the Yuan armies crossed the strait in the Mongol invasions of Sakhalin . Alleged remnants of a Chinese fort dating back to the Mongol Yuan era can be found in Sakhalin today. " Tartary "

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348-504: The East Asian component of Native Americans. But there is evidence of gene flow from Central Asian and Far East populations over the past 1000 to 3000 years. 6.0% of modern Ulchi also share an ancestral component unique to a 2500-year-old Jōmon individual. The Ulch language belongs to the southern (Amur) branch of the Tungusic languages . Along with the languages of the Nanai people and

377-454: The Russians and dates back to the 17th century. The Ulchi led a sedentary lifestyle in small villages of two to five houses. The villages had both winter and summer dwellings. The ancient winter dwelling, the "hagdu", was a ground frame structure made of pillars and logs with a gable roof without a ceiling, and an earthen or clay floor. The house was heated by two kanovye hearths. In extreme cold,

406-502: The Soviet government proposed that a causeway be built at the Tartar Strait to block cold water from flowing into the Sea of Japan therefore raising the temperature in areas around the Sea of Japan. The Russians claimed it would raise the temperature of the Sea of Japan by an average of 35 °F (19.5 °C). Since 1973, Vanino-Kholmsk train ferry operates across the strait, connecting

435-463: The Ulch also used large metal braziers on three legs with burning coals. A characteristic feature of the Ulch winter dwelling is the presence of a "dog table", or uycheu - a low platform on which sled dogs were fed. Summer dwellings were of two types - quadrangular made of poles with gable roofs, covered with bark (daura) and pile letniki (gengga). While fishing, the Ulchi built small cylindrical huts. Fishing

464-681: The Ulchi are linked to 7,700 year old remains from Chertovy Vorota Cave ("Devil's Gate") and are also genetically similar to an East Asian genetic component within Native Americans . The Ulchi do not appear to have originally possessed the " Ancient North Eurasian " (ANE) genetic component found in low frequency in Native Americans and Central Asian , as well as in higher percentage in South Asian , and West Eurasian (European and Middle Eastern ) populations; and thus are suggested to represent

493-501: The Ulchi mitochondrial DNA pool consists of haplogroups N9b (7/160 = 4.4%), M8a (6/160 = 3.75%), F1a (5/160 = 3.1%), M7 (4/160 = 2.5%), M9a1 (1/160 = 0.6%), Z1 (1/160 = 0.6%), and B5b2 (1/160 = 0.6%). According to a study by Balanovska et al. (2018), present-day Ulchi males belong to Y-DNA haplogroups C-M217(xM48, M407) (18/52 = 34.6%), C-M48 (18/52 = 34.6%, including 9/52 = 17.3% C-M86/F12355(xB470, F13686), 4/52 = 7.7% C-F13686, 1/52 = 1.9% C-B470, and 4/52 = 7.7% C-B93(xGG_16645386),

522-452: The ancient Paleosiberian peoples , which is however not an ethno-linguistic group but a term applied to various ethnic groups of Siberia which do not belong to the bigger Northeast Asian populations (such as Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic populations). Others classify them as one of the Tungusic peoples as their language belongs to the Tungusic languages . The first mention of the Ulchi is from

551-569: The end of the 19th century, sable was already rare on the Amur, so they went on long expeditions to Sakhalin , to the basins of the Amgun , Gorin and Tumnin  [ ru ] , on the coast of the Tatar Strait and on Hokkaido . Ungulates (elk, deer) were hunted all year round using crossbows. Hunting for sea animals also played a significant role in their economic life, and they caught seals and sea lions. The upper summer clothing for men and women

580-422: The last of which is a deeply divergent branch belonging to C-M48(xM86)), O-M175 (8/52 = 15.4%, including 6/52 = 11.5% O-M122(xP201) , 1/52 = 1.9% O-M119 , and 1/52 = 1.9% O-P31 ), Q-M242(xM120) (3/52 = 5.8%), N-M231 (3/52 = 5.8%, including 1/52 = 1.9% N-M231(xM128, P43, M178), 1/52 = 1.9% N-M2118, and 1/52 = 1.9% N-B479), I-P37 (1/52 = 1.9%), and J–M267(xP58) (1/52 = 1.9%). The population genetics of

609-539: The like. Each of them was used, depending on the season, weather conditions, water level in the river, fishing objects, and many other characteristics. Fish were caught both for daily consumption and for storage. The main method of preserving the catch was to make yukola - fish dried in the wind and sun in the form of thin long plates. Hunting was of secondary importance, mostly fur animals, since furs were in great demand among traders. They mostly hunted Siberian rabbit, squirrel, otter, fox, and most importantly, sable. At

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638-605: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulch&oldid=933225118 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ulch people The Ulch people descend from the autochthonous Paleolithic population of coastal Northeast Asia and were found to be very similar to ancient samples found in this region from about 8000 years ago. The Ulch people are often classified as one of

667-522: The name "Tartars" became applied to the Manchus as well, and Manchuria (and Mongolia) became known to the Europeans as the "Chinese Tartary". Accordingly, when La Pérouse charted most of the strait between Sakhalin and the mainland "Chinese Tartary" in 1787, the body of water received the name of the Strait (or Channel, or Gulf) of Tartary. In Japan , the strait is named after Mamiya Rinzō , who traveled to

696-490: The port of Vanino, Khabarovsk Krai on the mainland with Kholmsk on Sakhalin Island. Looking at the map, one could think that the Strait of Tartary would provide a convenient connection for boats sailing from the Sea of Japan to the Sea of Okhotsk , e.g. from Vanino to Magadan . However, according to the SASCO that operates that shipping line, their ships rarely travel that way. The usual winter route from Vanino to Magadan

725-618: The religion of the Nivkh people and Ainu people . Strait of Tatary Strait of Tartary or Gulf of Tartary ( Russian : Татарский пролив ; Chinese : 韃靼海峽 ; pinyin : Dádá hǎixiá ; Japanese : 間宮海峡 , romanized :  Mamiya kaikyō , lit.   'Mamiya Strait'; Korean : 타타르 해협 ) is a strait in the Pacific Ocean dividing the Russian island of Sakhalin from mainland Asia (South-East Russia ), connecting

754-506: The strait in 1808 whereof the name was introduced by Philipp Franz von Siebold in his book Nippon: Archiv zur Beschreibung von Japan (1832–54). On Russian maps, the short narrowest section of the strait (south of the mouth of the Amur) is called Nevelskoy Strait , after Admiral Gennady Nevelskoy , who explored the area in 1848; the body of water north of there, into which the Amur River flows,

783-520: Was a Soviet Shchuka class submarine that was lost on or about December 15, 1952, due to unknown causes in the Strait of Tartary in the Sea of Japan . The boat may have collided with a surface ship or struck a mine . All forty-seven crewmen died in the incident. The southeastern part of the Strait of Tartary was the site of one of the tensest incidents of the Cold War, when on September 1, 1983, Korean Air Lines Flight 007 , carrying 269 people including

812-525: Was an island. In 1797 William Broughton also decided that the Gulf of Tartary was a bay and turned south. In 1805 Adam Johann von Krusenstern failed to penetrate the strait from the north. Mamiya Rinzō 's journey of 1808 was little known to Europeans. Gennady Nevelskoy passed the strait from the north in 1848. The Russians kept this a secret and used it to evade a British fleet during the Crimean War. S-117

841-400: Was kimono-cut cloth capchum robes with a left hem that was fastened on the right side. Ornaments on men's clothing were rare. Winter clothing was insulated (quilted on cotton wool). In winter, fur coats were also worn, cut like a robe and covered on top with cotton or silk fabric. Winter hats looked like a hood with a top made of white dog kamuses and a fox trim around the face. In severe frosts,

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