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29-564: The town of Tekkeköy lies on the west end of the plain. Çarşamba lies in the middle, and is traversed by the Yeşilırmak. Terme (the ancient Themiscyra ), on the east, is traversed by the Terme, as is Salıpazarı in the south. The ancient plain has been described as: a rich and beautiful district, ever verdant... [that] suppl[ied] food for numberless herds of oxen and horses... produced great abundance of grain, especially pannick and millet... [and that]

58-588: A kephale ("head") here to collect taxes. Itt was ceded to the Turkish emirate of the Taceddinoğulları in 1379 when the emir Tadj ed-Din married Eudokia , daughter of the Trapezuntine emperor Alexios III . The emirate also controlled the coast east of Çam Burnu , passing Perşembe and Bozuk Kale , which was separated from Limnia by the separate emirate of Chalybia (based at Ünye ). This article about

87-739: A little further inland. Ruins of the place do not appear to exist, for those which Texier regards as indicating the site of Themiscyra, at a distance of two days' journey from the Halys (now called the Kızılırmak River ), on the borders of Galatia , cannot possibly have belonged to it, but are in all probability the remains of Tavium . The editors of the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World , place Themiscyra "at or near" Terme. In ancient times, Themiscyra's bees were famous for their honey. Themiscyra

116-538: A location in ancient Pontus is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Themiscyra (Pontus) Themiscyra ( / ˌ θ ɛ m ɪ ˈ s k ɪr ə / ; Ancient Greek : Θεμίσκυρα Themiskyra ) was an ancient Greek town in northeastern Anatolia ; it was situated on the southern coast of the Black Sea , near the mouth of the Thermodon , probably at or near modern Terme . According to Greek mythology , it

145-478: A perfunctory explanation of historic events. The Roman author Velleius ' history examines Roman history from the city's foundation until AD 29. This history is more detailed in the late Republic and early Empire period, while the earlier history is condensed. The Epitome of Roman History by Florus , also covers Roman history from mythical times until the 5th century AD in an extremely condensed format. The history of Diodorus of Sicily also covers Roman history until

174-751: Is a lush city-state and island nation , and the place of origin of Wonder Woman and the Amazons . [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Smith, William , ed. (1854–1857). "Themiscyra". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray. 41°12′33″N 36°58′26″E  /  41.20917°N 36.97389°E  / 41.20917; 36.97389 Appian Appian of Alexandria ( / ˈ æ p i ə n / ; Ancient Greek : Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς , romanized :  Appianòs Alexandreús ; Latin : Appianus Alexandrinus ; c.  95  – c.  AD 165 )

203-509: Is one of the few primary historical sources for the period. Appian began writing his history around the middle of the second century AD. Only sections from half of the original 24 books survive today of a much larger history known as The Roman History , namely books 6-7, much of 8, 9, and 11, and 12-17 (only fragments of books 1-5 and of the remainder of 8 and 9 are preserved, while books 10 and 18-24 are lost entirely). The section of this history known as The Civil Wars comprises books 13–17 of

232-714: Is undoubtedly mistaken in placing it further west, midway between the Iris ( Yeşilırmak ) and Cape Heraclium . Scylax calls it a Greek town; but Diodorus Siculus (ii. 44) states that it was built by the founder of the kingdom of the Amazons. After the retreat of Mithridates VI from Cyzicus during the Third Mithridatic War , Themiscyra was besieged by Lucullus . The inhabitants on that occasion defended themselves with great valor; and when their walls were undermined, they sent bears and other wild beasts, and even swarms of bees, against

261-524: The Roman History , concern mainly the end of the Roman Republic and take a conflict-based view and approach to history. Despite the lack of cited sources for his works, these books of the Roman History are the only extant comprehensive description of these momentous decades of Roman history. The other extant work of Appian is his "The Foreign Wars", which includes an ethnographic style history recounting

290-627: The Seleucid Empire (book 11), and the Mithridatic Wars (book 12). Several small fragments also survive, describing the early Roman kingdom (book 1) and the wars against the central Italians (book 2), Samnites (book 3), Illyrians (book 9), Macedonians (book 9), Numidians (book 8), and the Gauls (book 4). Especially notable is this work's ethnographic structure. Appian most likely used this structure to facilitate his readers' orientation through

319-797: The Themiscyreians ( Greek : Θεμισκύρειαι ), in another the Lycastians ( Greek : Λυκάστιαι ), and in another the Chadesians ( Greek : Χαδήσιαι ). Jason and the Argonauts passed by Themiscyra on their journey to Colchis . Zeus sent Boreas , the god of the north wind, and with his help the Argonauts stood out from the shore near Themiscyra where the Themiscyreian Amazons were arming for battle. In comic books featuring Wonder Woman , Themyscira

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348-556: The Amazons lived in and about the Tánais ( Ancient Greek : Τάναϊς , now the Don River ), formerly called the Amazonian or Amazon ( Ancient Greek : Ἀμαζόνιος ) because the Amazons bathed themselves in it, before moving to Themiscyra. In addition, Strabo , in his Geographica , mention that Themiscyra was the home of Amazons but later they were driven out of these places. Ptolemy (v. 6 § 3)

377-612: The Gallic Wars, but his history becomes fragmentary after around 300 BC. Another work of Appian's history which still survives mostly extant is called The Foreign Wars . This history describes the wars the Romans fought against other cultures throughout their history. The mostly extant work narrates the wars in Spain (book 6), the Punic Wars in both Italy and Africa (books 7 and 8), the wars against

406-630: The capital of Roman Egypt. Since his parents were Roman citizens capable of paying for their son's education, it can be inferred that Appian belonged to the wealthy upper classes. It is believed that Appian moved to Rome in 120, where he became a lawyer . In the introduction to his Roman History, he boasts "that he pleaded cases in Rome before the emperors." The emperors he claims to have addressed must have been either Hadrian or Marcus Aurelius and definitely Antoninus Pius, for Appian remained in Egypt at least until

435-466: The end of the reign of Trajan (117). In the letter of Cornelius Fronto, it is revealed that a request on behalf of Appian to receive the rank of procurator occurred during the co-regency of Marcus Aurelius and his brother Lucius Verus between 147 and 161. Although Appian won this office, it is unclear whether it was a real job or an honorific title. The only other certain biographical datum is that Appian's Roman History appeared sometime before 162. This

464-483: The ensuing civil and military strife. Besides Appian, this period is also covered by a handful of ancient authors with varying degrees of detail and viewpoints. The commentaries of Julius Caesar record his personal, mainly military, observations of the Gallic Wars . Plutarch 's Roman biographies sketch the lives of the major leaders of the late Republican period, recording events Plutarch thought interesting and give only

493-413: The first version he accompanied Heracles on his expedition and helped him capture the city, and in the second, Theseus led an expedition of his own, long after Heracles himself had visited the city. Apollonius of Rhodes , in his Argonautica , mentions that at Thermodon the Amazons were not gathered together in one city, but scattered over the land, divided into three different tribes; in one part dwelt

522-622: The history of the Empire up to the reign of Trajan , book 23 covered Trajan's wars against the Dacians , the Jews , and the Parthians , and book 24 described his annexation of Arabia Petraea . One might expect that a historical work covering nine centuries and countless different peoples would involve a multitude of sources from different periods. However, Appian's sources remain uncertain, as he only mentions

551-635: The imperial treasury). It was in 147 at the earliest that he was appointed to the office of procurator , probably in Egypt, on the recommendation of his friend Marcus Cornelius Fronto , an influential rhetorician and advocate. Because the position of procurator was open only to members of the equestrian order (the "knightly" class), his possession of this office tells us about Appian's family background. His principal surviving work (Ρωμαϊκά Romaiká , known in Latin as Historia Romana and in English as Roman History )

580-569: The original 24 of the Roman History . This history narrates the history of the Romans from the time of the Gracchan tribunates , through the civil wars of Marius , Sulla , Caesar and Pompey , to break off in the time of the Second Triumvirate . These five books stand out because they are one of the few comprehensive histories available on the transition of the Roman state from Republic to Empire and

609-519: The sequence of events, which are united only by their relationship to Rome. For example, the chapter on Spain recounts Roman history in Spain chronologically with the Romans' first intervention in Spain during the War with Hannibal . The book goes on to describe the Roman conquest of several regions of Spain, followed by their wars with Spanish tribes and the Numantine War . The chapter on Spain concludes with

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638-515: The southern parts near the mountains furnished a variety of fruits, such as grapes, apples, pears, and nuts in such quantities that they were suffered to waste on the trees.... [m]ythology describes [it] as the native country of the Amazons. During the Middle Ages, the Yeşilırmak delta was known as Limnia . The area was originally controlled by the Empire of Trebizond , which appointed an official called

667-460: The various military conflicts against a foreign enemy in Roman history, until the time of Appian. Little is known of the life of Appian of Alexandria. He wrote an autobiography that has been almost completely lost. Information about Appian is distilled from his own writings and a letter by his friend Cornelius Fronto . However, it is certain that Appian was born around the year AD 95 in Alexandria,

696-670: The war against Sertorius in roughly 61 BC. Likewise, the chapter on the Hannibalic wars only recounts the battles that took place on the Italian Peninsula during the second Punic war, while the chapters on the Punic War recount all the action that occurred in northern Africa during the first and second Punic war. Of the books which are now entirely lost, book 10 described the wars in Greece and Ionia , books 18-21 discussed Egypt, book 22 covered

725-506: The workmen of Lucullus ( Appian , Mithrid. 78). But notwithstanding their gallant defence, the town seems to have perished on that occasion, for Pomponius Mela speaks of it as no longer existing (i. 19), and Strabo does not mention it at all. Some believe the town of Terme (Therme), at the mouth of the Thermodon, marks the site of ancient Themiscyra; but Hamilton (Researches, i. p. 283) justly observes that it must have been situated

754-529: Was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who prospered during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Trajan , Hadrian , and Antoninus Pius . He was born c. 95 in Alexandria . After holding the senior offices in the province of Aegyptus (Egypt), he went to Rome c. 120, where he practised as an advocate , pleading cases before the emperors (probably as advocatus fisci , an important official of

783-498: Was previously thought to have been the seat of a bishopric, but is not now included in the Catholic Church 's list of titular sees . In Greek myth, Themiscyra was the capital city of the Amazons. Heracles journeyed to Themiscyra to complete his ninth labour , which was to retrieve the golden belt that belonged to the Amazonian queen Hippolyta . Theseus also visited the city, though there are two versions of this myth. In

812-516: Was the capital city of the Amazons . The town is mentioned as early as the time of Herodotus (iv. 86; comp. Scylax of Caryanda , p. 33; Pausanias i. 2. § 1) who also mentions the Amazon female warriors from Themiscyra. Aeschylus , in his play Prometheus Bound , places the original home of the Amazons in the country about Lake Maeotis (the modern-day Sea of Azov ), stating that they later moved to Themiscyra. According to Pseudo-Plutarch ,

841-532: Was written in Greek in 24 books, before 165. This work more closely resembles a series of monographs than a connected history. It gives an account of various peoples and countries from the earliest times down to their incorporation into the Roman Empire , and survives in complete books and considerable fragments. The work is very valuable, especially for the period of the civil wars . The Civil Wars , books 13–17 of

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