55-488: The Tautua Samoa Party ( Samoan : Vaega Faaupufai le Tautua Samoa ) was a political party in Samoa . The party's policies include economic development, particularly in the agricultural sector, public service reform, a limit on the number of Associate Ministers, and a reduction in the term of Parliament from 5 to 3 or 4 years. Its president was Afualo Wood Salele . The party was deregistered on 7 March 2023 after failing to pay
110-409: A handful; feanu , to spit; anusaga , spittle; tanu , to bury; tanulia , the part buried. These verbal nouns have an active participial meaning; e.g. ʻO le faiga o le fale , the building of the house. Often they refer to the persons acting, in which case they govern the next noun in the genitive with a ; ʻO le faiga a fale , contracted into ʻo le faiga fale , those who build
165-431: A maʻa , the heap of stones, that is, the stones which have been heaped up. Those nouns which take ʻaga are rare, except on Tutuila ; gataʻaga , the end; ʻamataʻaga , the beginning; olaʻaga , lifetime; misaʻaga , quarrelling. Sometimes the addition of ga makes the signification intensive; such as ua and timu , rain; uaga and timuga , continued pouring (of rain). The simple form of
220-558: A party after being elected breached the provisions of the Electoral Act and the parliament standing orders. Their expulsion from Parliament would prompt by-elections . Lealailepule Rimoni Aiafi stated that he would seek an interim injunction against the Speaker's ruling. The Supreme Court of Samoa cancelled the by-elections and reinstated the MPs, stating that the speaker's position was wrong and
275-612: A second election, as a means of breaking the parliamentary deadlock that had formed between FAST and the HRPP. Tautua Samoa began to campaign for the second poll, however the Supreme Court ruled that the proclamation by the O le Ao o le Malo (head of state) for a second election was unlawful. Party President Afualo Wood Salele unsuccessfully attempted to challenge the results of the electorate he contested of Salega No. 1, via an electoral petition. Subsequently through another electoral petition,
330-509: A vowel in some words creates the sound of the English w , a letter not part of the Samoan alphabet, as in uaua (artery, tendon). /a/ is reduced to [ ə ] in only a few words, such as mate or maliu 'dead', vave 'be quick'. In formal Samoan, used for example in news broadcasts or sermons, the consonants /t n ŋ/ are used. In colloquial Samoan, however, /n ŋ/ merge as [ŋ] and /t/
385-450: Is (C)V, where V may be long or a diphthong. A sequence VV may occur only in derived forms and compound words; within roots, only the initial syllable may be of the form V. Metathesis of consonants is frequent, such as manu for namu 'scent', lavaʻau for valaʻau 'to call', but vowels may not be mixed up in this way. Every syllable ends in a vowel. No syllable consists of more than three sounds, one consonant and two vowels,
440-536: Is a Samoan politician, matai and academic. He is the leader of the Tautua Samoa Party . Salele is an economist and worked as a lecturer at the National University of Samoa . He served as Tautua's vice-president, but was appointed president in 2010 after the departure of Papalii Tavita Moala . In February 2011 he was replaced as party president by Va'aelua Eti Alesana. Salele was first elected to
495-406: Is at Safotu. The same thing is done in referring to a family; as Sa Muliaga, the family of Muliaga, the term Sa referring to a wide extended family of clan with a common ancestor. So most words ending in ga , not a sign of a noun, as tigā , puapuaga , pologa , faʻataga and aga . So also all words ending in a diphthong , as mamau , mafai , avai . In speaking
550-432: Is either the bathing-place or the party of bathers. The first would take o after it to govern the next noun, ʻO le taʻelega o le nuʻu , the bathing-place of the village; the latter would be followed by a , ʻO le taʻelega a teine , the bathing-place of the girls. Sometimes such nouns have a passive meaning, such as being acted upon; ʻO le taomaga a lau , the thatch that has been pressed; ʻo le faupuʻega
605-459: Is his excellence or that is his best. Many verbs may become participle-nouns by adding ga ; as sau , come, sauga ; e.g. ʻO lona sauga muamua , his first coming; mau" to mauga , ʻO le mauga muamua , the first dwelling. As there is no proper gender in Oceanic languages, different genders are sometimes expressed by distinct names: When no distinct name exists, the gender of animals
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#1733115468459660-635: Is in New Zealand , where there were 101,937 Samoan speakers at the 2018 census, or 2.2% of the country's population. Samoan is the third-most spoken language in New Zealand after English and Māori. According to the 2021 census in Australia conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Samoan language is spoken in the homes of 49,021 people. US Census 2010 shows more than 180,000 Samoans reside in
715-681: Is known by adding poʻa and fafine respectively. The gender of some few plants is distinguished by tane and fafine , as in ʻo le esi tane ; ʻo le esi fafine . No other names of objects have any mark of gender. The singular number is known by the article with the noun; e.g. ʻo le tama , a boy. Properly there is no dual. It is expressed by omitting the article and adding numbers e lua for things e.g. e toʻalua teine , two girls, for persons; or ʻo fale e lua , two houses; ʻo tagata e toʻalua , two persons; or ʻo lāʻua , them/those two (people). Afualo Wood Salele Afualo Wood Uti Salele (born 6 August 1957)
770-450: Is pronounced [k] . The glottal stop /ʔ/ is phonemic in Samoan. Its presence or absence affects the meaning of words otherwise spelled the same, e.g. mai = from, originate from; maʻi = sickness, illness. The glottal stop is represented by the koma liliu ("inverted comma"), which is recognized by Samoan scholars and the wider community. The koma liliu is often replaced by an apostrophe in modern publications. Use of
825-441: Is sometimes used where English would require the indefinite article. As a specific, rather than a definite article, it is used for specific referents that the speaker has in mind (specificity), regardless of whether the listener is expected to know which specific referent(s) is/are intended (definiteness). A sentence such as ʻUa tu mai le vaʻa , could thus, depending on context, be translated into English as "A canoe appears", when
880-453: Is the third-most widely spoken language in New Zealand, where 2.2% of the population, 101,900 people, were able to speak it as of 2018. The language is notable for the phonological differences between formal and informal speech as well as a ceremonial form used in Samoan oratory. Samoan is an analytic , isolating language and a member of the Austronesian family, and more specifically
935-573: Is used when the speaker doesn't have a particular individual of a class in mind, such as in the sentence Ta mai se laʻau , "Cut me a stick", whereby there is no specific stick intended. The plural non-specific article ni is the plural form and may be translated into English as "some" or "any", as in Ta mai ni laʻau , "Cut me some sticks". In addition, Samoan possesses a series of diminutive articles. Names of natural objects, such as men, trees and animals, are mostly primitive nouns, e.g. ʻO le la ,
990-586: Is widely spoken across the Pacific region, heavily so in New Zealand and also in Australia and the United States . Among the Polynesian languages, Samoan is the most widely spoken by number of native speakers. Samoan is spoken by approximately 260,000 people in the archipelago and with many Samoans living in diaspora in a number of countries, the total number of speakers worldwide was estimated at 510,000 in 2015. It
1045-536: The Legislative Assembly of Samoa at the 2011 election . During the 2011–2016 term he served as Tautua's finance spokesperson, during which he called for the creation of an independent anti-corruption body. He lost his seat at the 2016 election . Following his election loss he returned to the National University of Samoa. In the leadup to the 2021 election he negotiated an electoral alliance with
1100-577: The Samoic branch of the Polynesian subphylum. It is closely related to other Polynesian languages with many shared cognate words such as aliʻi , ʻava , atua , tapu and numerals as well as in the name of gods in mythology . Linguists differ somewhat on the way they classify Samoan in relation to the other Polynesian languages . The "traditional" classification, based on shared innovations in grammar and vocabulary, places Samoan with Tokelauan ,
1155-482: The Tautua Samoa caucus members consisting of deputy leader A'eau Peniamina and first term MP Ili Setefano Taʻateo . This prevented Tautua Samoa from obtaining the eight seats required for recognition as a parliamentary party. Which left the party with no official status and also left Samoa without an official opposition. Party leader Palusalue Faʻapo II was among those to lose their seat in this election. Following
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#17331154684591210-543: The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database is contradictory in that while in part it suggests that Tongan and Samoan form a subgroup, the old subgroups Tongic and Nuclear Polynesian are still included in the classification search of the database itself. There are approximately 470,000 Samoan speakers worldwide, 50 percent of whom live in the Samoan Islands. Thereafter, the greatest concentration
1265-515: The HRPP leadership to consider lowering the seat quota for parties to attain recognition in parliament. Members of the ruling party echoed this request. Prime minister Tuila'epa then instructed 19 HRPP caucus members who were not selected to be associate ministers to perform the role of the opposition along with the Tautua Samoa MPs. The party did not select a replacement following the defeat of party leader Palusalue. Deputy leader A'eau Peniamina
1320-405: The Polynesian outlier languages and the languages of Eastern Polynesia , which include Rapanui , Māori , Tahitian and Hawaiian . Nuclear Polynesian and Tongic (the languages of Tonga and Niue) are the major subdivisions of Polynesian under this analysis. A revision by Marck reinterpreted the relationships among Samoan and the outlier languages. In 2008 an analysis, of basic vocabulary only, from
1375-579: The Tautua Samoa endorsed candidates were unsuccessful. Samoan language Samoan ( Gagana faʻa Sāmoa or Gagana Sāmoa , pronounced [ŋaˈŋana ˈsaːmʊa] ) is a Polynesian language spoken by Samoans of the Samoan Islands . Administratively, the islands are split between the sovereign country of Samoa and the United States territory of American Samoa . It is an official language , alongside English , in both jurisdictions. It
1430-587: The United States, which is triple the number of people living in American Samoa, while slightly less than the estimated population of the island nation of Samoa – 193,000, as of July 2011. Samoan Language Week ( Vaiaso o le Gagana Sāmoa ) is an annual celebration of the language in New Zealand supported by the government and various organisations including UNESCO . Samoan Language Week was started in Australia for
1485-535: The annual registration fee. The party was formed by 11 independent Members of Parliament in December 2008. The party's founders described their aim as providing parliamentary opposition to the ruling Human Rights Protection Party . Under the Samoan Electoral Act, registering as members of a new party would have required Tautua Samoa's members to contest a by-election for their parliamentary seats. To avoid this,
1540-625: The apostrophe and macron diacritics in Samoan words was readopted by the Ministry of Education in 2012 after having been abandoned in the 1960s. /l/ is pronounced as a flap [ ɾ ] following a back vowel ( /a, o, u/ ) and preceding an /i/ ; otherwise it is [ l ] . /s/ is less sibilant (hissing) than in English. /r h/ are found in loan words. The consonants in parentheses are only present in loanwords and informal Samoan. Loanwords from English and other languages have been adapted to Samoan phonology: Stress generally falls on
1595-527: The election, Palusalue congratulated Tuila'epa and the HRPP on their landslide victory. He then blamed the Tautua Samoa Party’s overwhelming defeat on vote-buying. Former shadow minister of finance Afualo Wood Salele weighed in on this sentiment, claiming that candidates had offered voters bags of rice, chicken legs and money. Levaopolo announced that he would rejoin the party, increasing Tautua Samoa’s seat count to three. He subsequently began to call for
1650-410: The fire; talafaʻasolopito , ("history") stories placed in order, faletalimalo , ("communal house") house for receiving guests. Like many Austronesian languages, Samoan has separate words for inclusive and exclusive we , and distinguishes singular , dual , and plural . The root for the inclusive pronoun may occur in the singular, in which case it indicates emotional involvement on the part of
1705-457: The first time in 2010. The Samoan alphabet consists of 14 letters, with three more letters ( H , K , R ) used in loan words. The ʻ ( koma liliu or ʻokina ) is used for the glottal stop . Vowel length is phonemic in Samoan; all five vowels also have a long form denoted by the macron . For example, tama means child or boy, while tamā means father. Diphthongs are /au ao ai ae ei ou ue/ . The combination of u followed by
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1760-406: The house, the builders. In some cases verbal nouns refer to either persons or things done by them: ʻO le faiga a talo , the getting of taro, or the party getting the taro , or the taro itself which has been got. The context in such cases decides the meaning. Sometimes place is indicated by the termination; such as tofā , to sleep; tofāga , a sleeping-place, a bed. ʻO le taʻelega
1815-645: The latter to run their candidates under the Tautua banner. Shortly thereafter, the leader of the Samoa Party, Feo Nemaia Esau , announced that his party had disbanded and merged into the Tautua Samoa Party. He explained that the merger would form a more "united opposition" to the ruling Human Rights Protection Party. Also in September 2010, founding member Mulipola Oliva asked to run as an HRPP candidate. In November,
1870-479: The legislative assembly. Initially it appeared that the party would retain one seat, with Tautua Samoa Party candidate Tamaleta Taimang Jensen leading in the Vaimauga No. 2 constituency. However, an accounting error was detected, which had incorrectly displayed Jensen leading ahead of the HRPP candidate. Thus leaving the party with no seats. The party supported prime minister Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi’s proposal for
1925-523: The listener or reader is not expected to know which canoe, or "The canoe appears", if the listener or reader is expected to know which canoe, such as when the canoe has previously been mentioned. The plural specific is marked by a null article: ʻO le tagata "the person", ʻO tagata "people". (The word ʻoe in these examples is not an article but a "presentative" preposition. It marks noun phrases used as clauses, introducing clauses or used as appositions etc.) The non-specific singular article se
1980-431: The nominative ʻoe , the prepositions o, a, i, e , and the euphonic particles i and te , are unaccented; as ʻO maua, ma te o atu ia te oee , we two will go to you. Ina , the sign of the imperative, is accented on the ultima; ína , the sign of the subjunctive , on the penultima. The preposition iá is accented on the ultima, the pronoun ia on the penultima. Samoan syllable structure
2035-420: The number of words and affixes of which the compound word is composed; as tofátumoánaíná , to be engulfed. The articles le and se are unaccented. When used to form a pronoun or participle, le and se are contractions for le e , se e , and so are accented; as ʻO le ona le meae , the owner, literally the (person) whose (is) the thing, instead of O le e ona le meae . The sign of
2090-432: The parties will support each other's candidates in seats where they are not running against one another. On 29 January 2021 the alliance launched its manifesto. The party also revealed that it had begun talks with the F.A.S.T. party and Samoa National Democratic Party (who are already in a formal alliance) to form a "grand coalition" to oust the government. During the 2021 election, Tautua Samoa failed to win any seats in
2145-417: The party and establish a new opposition party. The party's chief whip, Lealailepule Rimoni Aiafi, subsequently defected to the HRPP. On 4 January 2016 Tautua announced its key election policies of free medical care for under-5-year-olds, increased pension funding, and a ban on work on Sundays. The party ran only 25 candidates, and several were subsequently declared ineligible. The party won only two seats, with
2200-547: The party announced that it had reached an agreement with the United Samoa People's Party and several independent politicians to form an organisation, Tumua'i Tutusa, to campaign together for the election. The new group's chairman, Afualo Dr. Wood Salele, stated that the organisation would seek divine intervention , notably through a week of fasting and praying, to defeat the Human Rights Protection Party in
2255-418: The party elected Va'aelua Eti Alesana as its new president. At the election the party won 13 of 49 seats. Following the election party leader Va'ai Papu Vailupe was found guilty of bribery and treating and deprived of his seat. He contested the subsequent 2011 Vaisigano No. 1 by-election , but was unsuccessful. Vailupe was subsequently convicted of bribery and fined $ 2,500. In the interim, Palusalue Fa’apo II
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2310-574: The party following its formal registration. Other MPs who had initially aligned themselves with the party are therefore not officially members. On 2 May 2010 Va'ai Papu Vailupe was elected unopposed in the Vaisigano by-election , becoming the first MP elected for the party. In September 2010 the party announced that it had made an agreement with the Samoa Party and is negotiating with the People's Party for
2365-605: The party formation was legal. In March 2010, the Electoral Act was amended, forbidding any Member of Parliament from leaving their initial party while retaining their seat. Consequently, three members of the Tautua Samoa Party resigned from Parliament: party chairman Lealailepule Rimoni Aiafi , and former HRPP cabinet ministers Palusalue Fa’apo II and Va'ai Papu Vailupe . Their resignation led to by-elections in their constituencies: Vaisigano number one, Faleata West, and Safata territorial. Only those three Members of Parliament resigned, because only they declared they were members of
2420-529: The party was initially registered under the Companies Act, and its members remained listed as independents. However, as such it was not an officially recognized party by the Parliament of Samoa . Samoa at times has had no official opposition parties, because of restrictive Parliamentary rules that control and constrain the formation of opposition parties. The party launched with no formal leader; its interim chair
2475-421: The penultimate mora ; that is, on the last syllable if that contains a long vowel or diphthong or on the second-last syllable otherwise. Verbs formed from nouns ending in a, and meaning to abound in, have properly two aʻs, as puaa ( puaʻaa ), pona , tagata , but are written with one. In speaking of a place at some distance, the accent is placed on the last syllable; as ʻO loʻo i Safotu , he
2530-436: The speaker. In formal speech, fuller forms of the roots mā- , tā- , and lā- are ‘imā- , ‘itā- , and ‘ilā- . Articles in Samoan do not show the definiteness of the noun phrase as do those of English but rather specificity . The singular specific article le has frequently, erroneously, been referred to as a "definite" article, such as by Pratt, often with an additional vague explanation that it
2585-422: The sun; ʻo le tagata , the person; ʻo le talo , the taro; ʻo le iʻa , the fish; also manufactured articles, such as matau , an axe, vaʻa , canoe, tao , spear, fale , house, etc. Some nouns are derived from verbs by the addition of either ga , saga , taga , maga , or ʻaga : such as tuli , to chase; tuliga , chasing; luluʻu , to fill the hand; luʻutaga ,
2640-495: The supreme court found him guilty of three counts of bribery. On 23 August, the party met to re-strategise for upcoming by-elections. Afualo Wood Salele later announced that the party would be endorsing three candidates one from Tautua Samoa and two independents to contest the by-elections. Tautua Samoa’s sole candidate Su’a Samuelu Su’a withdrew his nomination to contest the Aleipata Itupa i Lalo electorate on 12 November. Both of
2695-404: The two vowels making a diphthong; as fai , mai , tau . Roots are sometimes monosyllabic , but mostly disyllabic or a word consisting of two syllables. Polysyllabic words are nearly all derived or compound words; as nofogatā from nofo (sit, seat) and gatā , difficult of access; taʻigaafi , from taʻi , to attend, and afi , fire, the hearth, making to attend to
2750-524: The upcoming election. In December, party president Papalii Tavita Moala resigned unexpectedly, and Afualo Wood Salele was chosen for the presidency in his place. On 22 December 2010 Va'ai Papu Vailupe was formally chosen as party leader, with Palusalue Fa’apo II as their deputy. In January 2011 the party announced a list of 47 candidates to contest the election. In February 2011 at least three Tautua candidates were prevented from standing after village mayors refused to sign their nomination forms. On 14 February
2805-690: The verb is sometimes used as a noun: tatalo , to pray; ʻo le tatalo , a prayer; poto , to be wise; ʻo le poto , wisdom. The reciprocal form of the verb is often used as a noun; e.g. ʻO le fealofani , ʻo femisaiga , quarrellings (from misa ), feʻumaiga ; E lelei le fealofani , mutual love is good. A few diminutives are made by reduplication , e.g. paʻapaʻa , small crabs; pulepule , small shells; liilii , ripples; ' ili'ili , small stones. Adjectives are made into abstract nouns by adding an article or pronoun; e.g. lelei , good; ʻo le lelei , goodness; silisili , excellent or best; ʻo lona lea silisili , that
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#17331154684592860-405: The voice is raised, and the emphasis falls on the last word in each sentence. When a word receives an addition by means of an affixed particle, the accent is shifted forward; as alofa , love; alofága , loving, or showing love; alofagía , beloved. Reduplicated words have two accents; as palapala , mud; segisegi , twilight. Compound words may have even three or four, according to
2915-404: Was Lealailepule Rimoni Aiafi . In January 2009, the Speaker of Parliament ordered Tautua Samoa to provide formal notice of its existence and membership. The party formally identified itself, and nine Members of Parliament identified themselves as members. In May, Speaker Tolofuaivalelei Falemoe Lei'ataua revoked the parliamentary membership of all nine of the party's MPs, on the grounds that joining
2970-446: Was confirmed as party leader, with A'eau Peniamina Leavaise'eta as his deputy. Party president Va'aelua Eti Alesana died on 4 October 2011. On 11 November, Leatinu’u Salote Lesa became the party's president, and the first woman to hold that position. In October 2015 the party began publishing its own newspaper, Tautua Lelei . In the leadup to the 2016 election, Tautua MP Levaopolo Talatonu Va’ai announced that he planned to quit
3025-493: Was unable to confirm when the election of a new leader would occur. In April 2020 Ili Setefano Ta’ateo , one of the party's two MP's, revealed that he was facing pressure from his constituents to switch his support to the HRPP. The party nominated 14 candidates for the 2021 election. On 11 December 2020 the party announced an electoral alliance with the Samoa First Party and Sovereign Independent Samoa Party , under which
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