130-610: Suffern is a village that was incorporated in 1796 in the town of Ramapo in Rockland County, New York . Sitting adjacent to the town of Mahwah, New Jersey , Suffern is located 31 miles northwest of Manhattan . As of the 2020 census , Suffern's population was 11,402. "The Point of the Mountains" or "Sidman's Clove" were names used before the American Revolution to designate the present village of Suffern. The area originally
260-641: A freeway at the point where I-86 crosses the New York–Pennsylvania border in Mina , Chautauqua County . I-86 heads westward from there to its western terminus at I-90 . I-86 and NY 17 continue eastward through the Southern Tier , encountering NY 426 (exit 4) a short distance from the state line prior to meeting NY 76 (exit 6) south of Sherman . East of exit 8 ( NY 394 ), I-86 and NY 17 cross Chautauqua Lake and follow
390-498: A 3,000-square-foot (280 m) laboratory in Suffern. By 1971 the lab had been expanded into the 323,000-square-foot (30,000 m) Avon Suffern Research and Development facility. In late 2005, construction was finished on a state-of-the art, 225,000-square-foot (20,900 m) facility that would become Avon's global hub for research and development. The new building was constructed on the same site as their previous R&D facility, which
520-499: A county administrator, who acts on behalf of the legislature, the legislature must maintain ultimate control over the actions of the administrator. Many, but not all, charter counties have an elected executive who is independent of the legislature; the exact form of government is defined in the County Charter. In New York, each city is a highly autonomous incorporated area that, with the exceptions of New York City and Geneva ,
650-632: A direct connection between Randolph and Salamanca (current NY 394 and NY 951T ). In Vestal, NY 17 was routed along the south bank of the Susquehanna River , bypassing Endicott and Johnson City on what is now NY 434 and Broome CR 44. Lastly, NY 17 broke from the path of legislative Route 4 in Harriman and followed the former Route 39-b south to the New Jersey state line at Suffern. As originally laid out, NY 17
780-455: A four-lane replacement, the first free long-distance expressway in the state and one of the earliest in the United States. It would replace intersections with well-spaced access ramps, separate grades with flyovers , and allow safe travel at up to 65 miles per hour (105 km/h). The first segment of the new highway extended from Fair Oaks to Goshen , bypassing the city of Middletown to
910-631: A land-use classification for private land under its Adirondack Park Land Use and Development Plan (APLUDP). The APLUDP extends the boundaries for its classification of hamlets "well beyond established settlements" to allow for growth. In New York, a village is an incorporated area. About 85% of villages fall within a single town. Villages in the State of New York are classified by the Census Bureau as incorporated places . Like all municipal corporations, villages have clearly defined legal boundaries. A village
1040-417: A mayor and (usually) four trustees. The board is responsible for approving mayoral appointments, managing village finances and property, and approving a budget. The mayor, who is generally the chief executive of the village, may vote in all business before the board and must vote to break a tie. The mayor generally does not possess veto power, unless this is provided for by local law. Administrative duties of
1170-506: A modified trumpet interchange. Outside of Sloatsburg, NY 17 becomes a four-lane expressway and winds its way southeasterly along the Ramapo River and the Thruway through the town of Ramapo to the hamlet of the same name, based just north of NY 17's junction with NY 59 . Here, NY 17 turns to the southwest, merging onto the Thruway southbound at exit 15A, traversing
1300-460: A new park-and-ride was built, and the ramp from NY 17 west to Woodbury Common was demolished. In December 2020, NYSDOT completed construction of a new exit 125, which was built to accommodate the new Legoland New York . As part of the project, a four-ramp parclo was built, which replaced the prior exit 125, located 4,000 feet (1.2 km) west. NY 17 was expanded to three lanes in each direction between exits 124 and 125. Harriman Drive
1430-457: A portion of NY 17 was to be designated the "Dennis 'Matt' Howe Memorial Highway" from exit 63 in the hamlet of Lounsberry to exit 62 in the village of Nichols. On March 18, 2019, Howe died from injuries sustained when a tractor-trailer collided with his DOT truck as he and others were performing highway safety work on NY 17. The signs were unveiled and the dedication ceremony was held on October 29, 2019. In November 2019, NYSDOT completed
SECTION 10
#17328517059291560-579: A sparsely developed area of the village of Hillburn . About 0.75 miles (1.21 km) south of merging onto the Thruway, NY 17 passes to the south of the village center as it approaches I-287 . At exit 15A for New Jersey , NY 17 leaves the Thruway and merges with I-287 southbound and proceeds to the New Jersey state line, where it connects to New Jersey's Route 17 . An old alignment of NY 17 in Hillburn, now called Old Route 17 used to go around
1690-534: A summit to Liberty (exits 99–100), and continue along the Middle Mongaup River to Ferndale (exit 101). The NYO&W turned east there, but NY 17 continues south over a summit and into the Spring Brook and East Mongaup River valleys past Harris (exit 102). NY 17 then cuts southeast cross-country to Monticello (exit 104; passing Monticello Raceway ) and beyond, following
1820-714: A summit, rejoining the Erie Railroad just north of Gulf Summit . The highway and railroad head east along Oquaga Creek to Deposit (exit 84), where they turn southeast along the West Branch Delaware River , where NY 17 briefly becomes an arterial road. A gap in the freeway stretches from here to just short of Hancock (exit 87), the place the West Branch joins with the East Branch Delaware River . The Erie Railroad continues southeast along
1950-597: A town; 35.9% were living in a town but outside a village. Whereas cities and villages can cross county boundaries, each town in New York is completely contained within a single county. New York towns are classified by statute as being a town of the first class or a town of the second class . Additionally, a town of the first class can further be classified as a suburban town upon meeting certain criteria. Originally, towns of different classes possessed different powers. Since 1964, all towns, regardless of classification, have had
2080-473: A uniform statewide Village Law (twelve villages still operate under charters issued by the state legislature prior to a revision of the State Constitution in 1874 that forbade chartering villages). Also, villages are part of a town (or towns; some villages cross town borders), with residents who pay taxes to and receive services from the town. Cities are neither part of nor subordinate to towns except for
2210-504: A village becomes a city, the Legislature requires clear evidence, usually in the form of a locally drafted charter, that the community in question seeks to incorporate as a city. The forms of government cities can have are council–manager, strong mayor–council, weak mayor–council or commission. Forty-six cities, the majority, use the mayor–council form. The City of New York is a special case. The state legislature reorganized government in
2340-482: A village or town but will perform some of the functions of the other form. Villages remain part of the towns in which they are located; village residents pay both town and village taxes, and vote in both town and village elections. Towns can contain several hamlets and communities. If the United States Postal Service (USPS) has a post office in a hamlet it often will use the name of that hamlet, as will
2470-423: Is Sherrill, New York , with just 3,071 inhabitants in 2010. The smallest city by area is Mechanicville, New York , which covers 0.91 sq mi (2.4 km ) (of which 0.08 sq mi (0.2 km ) is water). Some places containing the word "city" in their name are not cities. Examples include Johnson City , Garden City , and New City . Several cities, such as Albany, are divided into wards for
2600-408: Is a municipality that provides services to the residents, services that may or may not include garbage collection, management of cemeteries, street and highway maintenance, street lighting, and building codes. Some villages provide their own police and other municipal services. Villages have less autonomy than cities. While cities are not subject to a town's jurisdiction, villages legally remain part of
2730-402: Is commonplace to change boundaries and define new CDPs for each census. The Census Bureau formerly referred to CDPs as "unincorporated places" from 1950 through the 1970 decennial censuses. The term CDP was first used for the 1980 census , and minimum population criteria for CDPs were dropped with the 2000 census . Though the term "hamlet" is not defined under New York law, many people in
SECTION 20
#17328517059292860-456: Is contained within one county. Cities in New York are classified by the U.S. Census Bureau as incorporated places. They provide almost all services to their residents and have the highest degree of home rule and taxing jurisdiction over their residents. The main difference between a city and a village is that cities are organized and governed according to their charters , which can differ widely among cities, while most villages are subject to
2990-492: Is headed by a mayor, Michael Curley. The mayor presides over a village board consisting of four trustees. The village is represented in the United States House of Representatives by Mike Lawler . In state government, it is represented by Senator Bill Weber and Assemblyman Karl Brabenec . Suffern is an incorporated village within the town of Ramapo , where Michael Specht serves as town supervisor. Suffern Middle School
3120-548: Is in three towns and two counties. Five towns are coterminous with their single village and have a coterminous town-village form of government. Despite their names, Greenwich Village , the East Village , and Queens Village are not villages, but neighborhoods of the City of New York . A borough is one of the five major administrative divisions of the consolidated City of New York . Boroughs do not currently exist elsewhere in
3250-475: Is now NY 19 to access the village of Wellsville . From Wellsville to Andover and from Jasper to Corning , Route 4 followed modern NY 417. In between Andover and Jasper, however, Route 4 veered north on current NY 21 and NY 36 to serve Hornell . East of Corning, the alignment of legislative Route 4 ran along the Great Bend and Bath Turnpike, and more closely resembled
3380-411: Is now NY 394 and NY 430 . From there, the route headed generally eastward to Salamanca over modern NY 394, NY 242 , and NY 353 , and southeast to Olean via NY 417 . At Olean, the route shifted northward, passing through Hinsdale , Friendship , and Belvidere on current NY 16 , NY 446 and Allegany County's CR 20 before returning southward on what
3510-557: Is still signed as NY 17, and these roadways are still maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation . At the Tioga County line near Waverly, I-86 temporarily terminates as NY 17 continues eastward toward Binghamton . Near downtown Binghamton, NY 17 goes around the side of Prospect Mountain at what is locally known as " kamikaze curve". Heading eastbound, the freeway curves sharply left around
3640-611: Is the junior high school of the Suffern Central School District (SCSD), and is located in the village Montebello , adjacent to Suffern. The 1,200 grade 6-8 students educated there hail from Airmont , Suffern, Montebello , Hillburn , Sloatsburg and parts of Monsey . The village is home to Richard P. Connor Elementary School, also part of SCSD. Viola Elementary School is located in the neighboring CDP of Viola . High school students are zoned to Suffern High School . In 2013, Cherry Lane Elementary School, located in
3770-402: Is the state. All of them have their own governments, sometimes with no paid employees, that provide local services. Centers of population that are not incorporated and have no government or local services are designated hamlets . Whether a municipality is defined as a borough, city, town, or village is determined not by population or land area, but rather on the form of government selected by
3900-425: Is then voted upon by the qualified voters living in the proposed village only. Some villages have fewer than 500 residents, having incorporated before the present population requirement or fallen below the old 500-resident threshold after incorporation. A village may also be dissolved, returning all government control to the town level. The process of dissolution can be initiated by the village board itself, or upon
4030-406: Is water. The town of Webb ( Herkimer County ) has the greatest land area, at 451 sq mi (1,170 km ). The smallest town, Green Island ( Albany County ), covers 0.7 sq mi (1.8 km ). The town of Hempstead ( Nassau County ) has about 760,000 people (2010 census), making it more populous than any city in the state except New York City . Red House ( Cattaraugus County ),
Suffern, New York - Misplaced Pages Continue
4160-537: The Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of New York . Articles VIII (titled "Local Finances") and IX (titled "Local Government", but commonly referred to as the "Home Rule" article) of the state constitution establish the rights and responsibilities of the municipal governments. The New York State Constitution provides for democratically elected legislative bodies for counties, cities, towns and villages. These legislative bodies are granted
4290-673: The Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area . As of the census of 2000, there were 11,006 people, 4,634 households, and 2,836 families residing in the village. The population density was 5,265.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,033.1/km). There were 4,762 housing units at an average density of 2,278.4 per square mile (879.7/km). The racial makeup of the village was 86.83% white , 3.53% African American , 0.26% Native American , 2.83% Asian , 0.09% Pacific Islander , 4.52% from other races , and 1.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.87% of
4420-574: The Quickway from Binghamton east to Woodbury , where it turns south to follow the Orange Turnpike to the New Jersey state line near Suffern , where it connects to New Jersey Route 17 . From the Pennsylvania border to the village of Waverly and from Binghamton to Windsor , NY 17 is concurrent with Interstate 86 (I-86). Eventually, the entire east–west portion of NY 17 from
4550-583: The Salvation Army 's School for Officer Training was moved to a 30-acre (120,000 m) site in Suffern. This took over the former School of the Holy Child, a Catholic school for girls. According to the United States Census Bureau , the village has a total area of 2.1 square miles (5.4 km), of which 0.04 square miles (0.10 km), or 1.42%, is water. Suffern is designated as a gateway to
4680-439: The United States Census Bureau as "a statistical entity defined for each decennial census according to Census Bureau guidelines, comprising a densely settled concentration of population" that is not part of a city or a village "but is locally identified by a name." CDPs may cross town and county borders. CDPs are defined collaboratively by state and local officials and the Census Bureau. They are defined for each census, and it
4810-464: The 1970s, NY 17 was realigned onto them, with much of NY 17's old alignment becoming NY 394, NY 417, or NY 17C. By 1980, the expressway was complete from Bemus Point to Binghamton except for two areas near Salamanca and Corning. Although NY 17 continued to extend northwestward along its original alignment from Bemus Point to Westfield, both highways were also designated as parts of NY 430 and NY 394 in anticipation of
4940-594: The American state of New York . The state is divided into boroughs , counties, cities, towns, and villages. (The only boroughs, the five boroughs of New York City, have the same boundaries as their respective counties.) They are municipal corporations , chartered (created) by the New York State Legislature , as under the New York State Constitution the only body that can create governmental units
5070-543: The Bergen County routes of Coach USA ShortLine . U.S. Route 202 , New York State Route 59 , Interstate 287 , and Interstate 87 , also known as the New York State Thruway , go through Suffern. Administrative divisions of New York#Village See also: [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The administrative divisions of New York are the various units of government that provide local services in
5200-638: The Erie Railroad (now operated by Norfolk Southern as the Southern Tier Line ), and its old alignments generally stay close together. They follow the Chemung River to exit 60 ( US 220 in South Waverly, Pennsylvania ) and the Susquehanna River from east of exit 61 ( Waverly, New York ) to Binghamton; on the latter section, both NY 17C and NY 434 are old NY 17. Between
5330-462: The Erie Railroad, which crosses into Pennsylvania several times. At the end of Stilson Hollow, NY 17 heads over a summit and into the valley formed by the Occanum Creek . The creek empties into the Susquehanna River at Windsor (exit 79), which NY 17 follows southeast to Damascus (exit 80) before turning northeast along Tuscarora Creek . It soon turns east and southeast over
Suffern, New York - Misplaced Pages Continue
5460-591: The Erie run generally east-southeast, partly cross-country and partly through small stream valleys, to the end of the freeway, the directional change in NY ;17 from east–west to north–south, and the junction of the Erie with its branch to Newburgh . NY 17 heads southwest from the Quickway as a surface road, passing through the village of Woodbury before entering the village of Harriman , where it intersects with
5590-541: The Liberty Highway and proceeded northeast over current US 6 and NY 293 to Highland Falls , where it ended at legislative Route 3 (modern US 9W ). The portion of the Liberty Highway between Suffern and Harriman became part of legislative Route 39-b in 1911; however, this designation was removed on March 1, 1921. Another auto trail, the West Shore Route, also followed this section of
5720-455: The Liberty Highway, but proceeded north from Harimman along modern-day NY 32. When New York first signed its state highways with route numbers in 1924, much of legislative Route 4 was designated as NY 17. From Randolph to Salamanca, NY 17 followed the more southerly routing of the Liberty Highway instead of the Route 4 routing, bypassing Little Valley to the south in favor of
5850-517: The Pennsylvania border to Woodbury will become I-86 as projects to upgrade the route to Interstate Highway standards are completed. At 397 miles (639 km), NY 17 is the longest state route in New York, and is the second-longest highway of any kind in the state, beside the Thruway . It serves 11 counties ( Chautauqua , Cattaraugus , Allegany , Steuben , Chemung , Tioga , Broome , Delaware , Sullivan , Orange , and Rockland ), passes through
5980-589: The Pennsylvania state line to Harriman. On December 3, 1999, the westernmost 177 miles (284.85 km) of NY 17 were designated as part of I-86 , a new route that had been written into law a year earlier. As legislated, I-86 will eventually extend eastward along the length of both the Southern Tier Expressway and the Quickway to the New York State Thruway in Harriman once both highways are brought up to Interstate Highway standards . I-86
6110-500: The Southern Tier Expressway, namely modern NY 17 and Chemung and Tioga CR 60 from Elmira to Waverly , NY 17C between Waverly and Owego , NY 434 from Owego to Vestal , and NY 17C and Riverside Drive (via NY 26 ) from Vestal to Binghamton. Route 4 exited the city on US 11 and followed it to Kirkwood Center, a hamlet adjacent to the eastern junction of NY 17 and I-81 . From this point to Harriman, except for one section near Middletown ,
6240-634: The Susquehanna Valley. Today, the road is designated US 11 from Pennsylvania to Binghamton, then NY 17C to Waverly, NY 352 into Corning, and NY 415 to Bath. The at-grade sections of NY 17 in Orange County follow the Orange Turnpike south of Southfields and the New Windsor and Cornwall Turnpike to its north. The original routing of NY 17, from Westfield to Harriman ,
6370-471: The Thruway instead of merging onto it. From Binghamton to Corning, NY 17 follows the course of the Great Bend and Bath Turnpike, which was legislated in 1808 to continue the Cochecton and Great Bend Turnpike (US 11) through the Susquehanna Valley. The road ran from the Pennsylvania state line at Great Bend through Binghamton, Owego, and Elmira to Bath. In its day, it was a major route of travel through
6500-542: The U.S. Census Bureau as minor civil divisions . Like New Jersey and southern New England , all of New York is incorporated; all residents who do not live in a city or on an Indian reservation live in a town. Towns provide or arrange for the primary functions of local government. While some provide most municipal services for all town residents and selected services for residents of villages, some provide little more than road maintenance. There were 933 towns in New York. As of 2000 , 45.8% of state residents were living in
6630-636: The Washington Avenue side of the Lafayette Theatre identifies this site of "Rochambeau's Encampment 1781–1782". The National Park Service has installed a wayside panel near the gazebo in Suffern to commemorate Rochambeau's encampment in Suffern. At the time of the encampment, this site was directly across the road from village founder John Suffern's home and tavern where the Count de Rochambeau stayed. Based on an 1860 painting of John Suffern's home that showed
SECTION 50
#17328517059296760-451: The area in the 1890s in an effort to consolidate. Other cities, villages, and towns were annexed to become the " City of Greater New York ", (an unofficial term, the new city retained the name of New York), a process basically completed in 1898. At the time of consolidation, Queens County was split. Its western towns joined the city, leaving three towns that were never part of the consolidation plan as part of Queens County but not part of
6890-495: The area of the proposed village must have at least 1,500 inhabitants and not be part of an existing city or village. Additionally, the proposed village can be no more than 5 square miles (13 km ) in area unless its boundaries are to be coterminous with a school, fire, improvement or other district, or the entire town. The process of incorporation begins with a petition by either 20% of residents or owners of 50% of assessed real property. If deemed legally sufficient, incorporation
7020-592: The auspices of the National Park Service . This trail commemorates the route followed by General Washington and the French Comte de Rochambeau as they traveled to the siege of Yorktown, Virginia , which led to victory for the United States in gaining independence. Rochambeau made encampment with his 5,000 soldiers in Suffern on August 25, 1781, on his way to Yorktown, and again on September 13, 1782, as he retraced his steps to New York. An historical marker on
7150-409: The average family size was 3.00. In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.1% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 24.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males. The median income for a household in the village
7280-600: The cities of Salamanca , Olean , Corning, Elmira, and Binghamton, and enters the vicinity of several others, including Jamestown and Middletown . As it proceeds across the state, it intersects many of New York's Interstate and U.S. Highways , including U.S. Route 219 (US 219) in Salamanca, I-390 in Avoca , I-99 and US 15 near Corning, I-81 in Binghamton, and I-84 near Middletown. The portion of NY 17 in
7410-427: The cities of New York and Albany city charters, which were recognized by the first State Constitution in 1777. All other cities have been established by act of the state legislature and have been granted a charter. Cities have been granted the power to revise their charters or adopt new ones. There are no minimum population or area requirements in order to become a city. While there is no defined process for how and when
7540-529: The city of Sherrill , which for some purposes is treated as if it were a village of the town of Vernon . Some cities are completely surrounded by a town, typically of the same name. There are sixty-two cities in the state. As of 2000 , 54.1% of state residents were living in a city; 42.2% were living in New York City; 11.9% were living in one of the other 61 cities. In 1686, the English colonial governor granted
7670-720: The combined Delaware River , while NY 17 turns east along the valley formed by the East Branch, either closely following or built directly over the abandoned New York, Ontario and Western Railway to Liberty . At East Branch (exit 90), the East Branch Delaware River turns north, and NY 17 continues east with the Beaver Kill to Roscoe (exit 94), Willowemoc Creek to Livingston Manor (exit 96), and Little Beaver Kill to Parksville (exit 98). The highway and parallel NYO&W pass south over
7800-399: The company announced closure of this facility by 2017, citing loss of patent exclusivity on Diovan as a major factor in the decision. The facility was engaged in the "production of tablets, capsules, vials and inhalation products". Avon's Global Research and Development facility is located in Suffern, employing 350 scientists and technicians in developing cosmetics. Suffern's government
7930-426: The completion of the Southern Tier Expressway west of Chautauqua Lake , which NY 17 would be rerouted to follow. This segment was built in stages during the 1980s as a super two highway; it was widened to four lanes in 1997. The portions of the freeway in and around Salamanca and Corning were completed in the late 1980s and mid-1990s, completing the conversion of NY 17 into a continuous expressway from
SECTION 60
#17328517059298060-601: The consolidated city. Each borough individually elects a borough president and used to elect two at-large city council members, in addition to those elected based on each borough's population. The borough presidents once wielded considerable power as members of the New York City Board of Estimate , but the position is now largely ceremonial and advisory. Boroughs function as counties for certain purposes, but have no county government. The five New York City district attorneys , however, are still elected by county (for example,
8190-614: The county also publish maps that conflict both in the number of hamlets and their boundaries. Nevertheless, all land not within a village is administered by the town. Most of the rest of New York's hamlets, however, have less well-defined boundaries, and most towns have areas that are not considered to be a part of any hamlet. The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) puts hamlet names on rectangular green signs with white lettering at roadside locations of its choosing. The NYSDOT and local governments also provide community identification signs on some scenic byways to be placed at
8320-587: The county boundaries—each have a Borough Board made up of the Borough President, the borough's district council members, and the chairpersons of the borough's community boards. A mayor serves as the city's chief executive officer. The most populous and largest city in the state is New York City , with a population of over 8.5 million inhabitants and comprising just over 300 sq mi (777.00 km ) of land (468.87 sq mi (1,214.368 km ) total area, which includes water). The least populous city
8450-478: The creation of a solar photovoltaic energy generating facility (solar park) to help power the toll and maintenance facilities in Harriman, Woodbury, Spring Valley, and Nyack. Cashless tolling began on the night of September 27, 2018. This was a part of Governor Andrew Cuomo 's goal to convert the entirety of the New York Thruway to cashless tolling. On August 9, 2019, Governor Andrew Cuomo signed into law that
8580-645: The district attorney for Brooklyn is called the Kings County District Attorney). Orange Turnpike New York State Route 17 ( NY 17 ) is a major state highway that extends for 397 miles (638.91 km) through the Southern Tier and Downstate regions of New York in the United States. It begins at the Pennsylvania state line in Mina and follows the Southern Tier Expressway east through Corning to Binghamton and
8710-487: The east in Avoca , the Southern Tier Expressway meets I-390 at exit 36. I-86 and NY 17 southeast from the junction, passing through Bath on its way an interchange with I-99 and US 15 in Painted Post (exit 44). Here, I-99 and US 15 begin and head south toward Pennsylvania, while I-86 and NY 17 continue east through Corning to the city of Elmira . From Elmira to Binghamton, NY 17,
8840-399: The eastern edge of the state park as it heads south. Meanwhile, the freeway continues east to Olean , where it meets NY 417 (a previous alignment of NY 17) at exit 24 west of town and NY 16 (exit 27) north of the area. Past Olean, the route drifts northward away from Pennsylvania toward Hornell , where I-86 and NY 17 intersect NY 36 (exit 34). To
8970-406: The eastern terminus of NY 17M. As the route heads southward from this junction, its signage changes from being east or west to north or south. The route parallels the Thruway as it proceeds through a disjointed piece of Harriman State Park and enters the town of Tuxedo . While inside the park, NY 17 intersects Arden Valley Road , a parkway that connects to Seven Lakes Drive deep inside
9100-690: The executive branch. All town justices were originally part of a town's board. Today, justices belong to a separate judicial branch known as Town Court or Justice Court, part of New York's Justice Court system. A town may contain one or more villages. Many towns have no villages. Five towns are coterminous with their single village and share the same name: Green Island in Albany County ; East Rochester in Monroe County ; and Scarsdale , Harrison , and Mount Kisco in Westchester County . A sixth,
9230-468: The freeway runs adjacent to the northern extent of the Allegany State Park and follows the reservoir and the connecting Allegheny River eastward to Salamanca . Near downtown Salamanca, I-86 and NY 17 meet US 219 (exit 21). US 219 joins the freeway east to exit 23 near Carrollton , where it splits from I-86 and NY 17 and heads toward Bradford, Pennsylvania , forming
9360-535: The general provisions of the County Law. Although all counties have a certain latitude to govern themselves, "charter counties" are afforded greater home rule powers. The charter counties are Albany , Broome , Chautauqua , Chemung , Dutchess , Erie , Herkimer , Monroe , Nassau , Oneida , Onondaga , Orange , Putnam , Rensselaer , Rockland , Schenectady , Suffolk , Tompkins , Ulster , and Westchester . Sixteen counties are governed through an assembly with
9490-546: The hillside, splits into ramps to I-81 north and south, and curves right to merge into I-81 south as it passes over the Chenango River . From that point east and southeast about 5 miles (8.0 km), I-81 and NY 17 run concurrently . NY 17 splits from I-81, the Erie Railroad and the Susquehanna River to the east into Stilson Hollow ; from this split (exit 75) to its end, most of NY 17 does not follow
9620-556: The junction, NY 17 leaves the park and proceeds through a lightly populated area to the village of Tuxedo Park . At the Tuxedo Park train station is access to some hiking trails in Harriman State Park. The route continues on, paralleling the Thruway into Rockland County . On the other side of the county line, NY 17 enters the village of Sloatsburg , where it meets Seven Lakes Drive and connects to CR 72 by way of
9750-504: The lake shore eastward to Jamestown , where it connects to NY 60 at exit 12 due north of the city. East of the city, the freeway meets US 62 at exit 14 and is joined by the old Erie Railroad line, which parallels the freeway as it heads across southern New York. Between exits 17 and 18 ( NY 280 ), I-86 and NY 17 cross the Allegheny Reservoir near its northernmost extent. Past NY 280,
9880-458: The least populous, has 38 permanent residents (2010 census). The use of "town" in a community's name is irrespective of municipal status. Elizabethtown , Germantown and Stephentown are towns. Cooperstown , home of the Baseball Hall of Fame , is a village, Jamestown and Middletown are cities, and Levittown is an unincorporated hamlet. A census-designated place (CDP) is defined by
10010-572: The limits. Based on the ZIP Code, the United States Postal Service (USPS) identifies the correct location for mail delivery. The New York State Gazetteer , published by the New York State Department of Health in 1995, includes a list of hamlets in the state. The criteria used for inclusion in the Gazetteer are not stated. The Adirondack Park Agency also uses the term "hamlet", though as
10140-513: The local fire department or elementary school. Businesses may also use the name of a hamlet as part of their name. The United States Census Bureau will, with consideration from the town, designate a census-designated place (CDP) that may use the name of one or more hamlets, though boundaries may differ from what is used by the ZIP code, local fire department, etc. Towns in New York may be further subdivided into wards, although as of 2017 , only fifteen of
10270-473: The mayor include enforcing laws and supervising employees. A village may also have a full-time village manager who performs these administrative duties instead of the mayor. In 2007, sixty-seven villages had such a manager. Some villages have their own village justice, while others utilize the justice of the town or towns in which they are located. While most villages are subject to a uniform statewide Village Law, twelve villages operate under charters issued by
10400-611: The mid-19th century; the New York City Council is currently elected from special districts, which are allowed to cross borough lines. New York City has a unique system of divisions, some of which possess governmental power, see Divisions unique to New York City . In New York, a town is a municipal corporation, and is the major division of each county (excluding the five boroughs that comprise New York City ), very similar to townships in other states such as Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana. Towns in New York are classified by
10530-446: The modern alignments of the Southern Tier Expressway and the Quickway. Route 4 exited Corning on what is now NY 352 and followed it to Big Flats , where it broke from NY 352 and proceeded to Horseheads on Chemung CR 64 and to Elmira on what is now Lake Road, Madison Avenue and the east end of NY 352 . Between Elmira and Binghamton , Route 4 followed either local roads that were bypassed or upgraded into
10660-931: The neighboring Village of Airmont and part of SCSD, became one of the Blue Ribbon School of Excellence Award winners awarded by the U.S. Department of Education . Rockland Community College , part of the SUNY system, is located just outside the village limits. Suffern station serves both local and express trains, operated by New Jersey Transit to Hoboken Terminal with connecting service at Secaucus Junction to New York's Pennsylvania Station . Most New Jersey Transit Main Line trains terminate at Suffern; some Bergen County Line trains also terminate at Suffern; and Metro-North Railroad 's Port Jervis Line trains continue into Orange County to Port Jervis . Transport of Rockland buses serve Suffern, as well as Hudson Link buses, and
10790-448: The new Borough of Queens. (A small portion of the Town of Hempstead was itself annexed, also.) The next year (1899), the three eastern towns of Queens County separated to become Nassau County . The city today consists of the entire area of five counties (named New York, Kings, Queens, Bronx, and Richmond). While these counties have no county government, boroughs—with boundaries coterminous with
10920-578: The northeast. It opened to traffic in July 1951 as a realignment of NY 17. As more sections of the freeway—known as the Quickway—opened up during the 1950s and 1960s, NY 17 was moved onto them. The Quickway was completed by 1968, connecting Binghamton to Harriman by way of a continuous expressway. Farther west, plans were also in the works to build an expressway across the Southern Tier. The highway
11050-448: The old Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike (old NY 17) to Bloomingburg (exit 116). The old Middletown and Wurtsboro Turnpike , also old NY 17, and partially NY 17M , runs south to Middletown , which NY 17 cuts cross-country to bypass to the east, rejoining NY 17M – and the main line of the Erie Railroad – at Goshen (exit 123). NY 17, its old former alignment (NY 17M) and
11180-471: The park. South of Arden Valley Road, NY 17 briefly exits Harriman State Park and enters the hamlet of Southfields , where it intersects with County Route 19 (CR 19) and passes by the Red Apple Rest , a former restaurant and roadside attraction. Past the hamlet, the route heads back into the park and intersects with NY 17A and CR 106 near the park's western boundary. South of
11310-586: The path Route 4 followed became the basis for the Quickway several decades later. Between Kirkwood Center and Hancock, Route 4 utilized what was later upgraded into the Quickway (via Broome CR 28 from Windsor to Deposit ). East of here, it used parallel roads instead: modern "Old Route 17" (Delaware CR 17 and Sullivan CRs 179A to 174) from Deposit to Monticello , Sullivan CRs 173 to 171 between Monticello and Bloomingburg , and Orange CR 76 and NY 17M from Bloomingburg to Harriman. At Harriman, Route 4 broke from
11440-407: The population. There were 4,634 households, out of which 25.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and
11570-432: The power and fiscal capacity to provide an array of local government services. Such services generally include law enforcement and public safety, social and health services (such as Medicaid ), and education (special needs and community colleges). Every county outside of New York City has a county seat , which is the location of county government. Nineteen counties operate under county charters, while 38 operate under
11700-480: The power of a board of supervisors , composed of the supervisors of its constituent towns and cities. In most of these counties, each supervisor's vote is weighted in accordance with the town's population in order to abide by the U.S. Supreme Court mandate of " one person, one vote ". Other counties have legislative districts of equal population, which may cross municipal borders; these counties may also have an elected County Executive. Most counties in New York do not use
11830-493: The power to enact local laws as needed in order to provide services to their citizens and fulfill their various obligations. The county is the primary administrative division of New York. There are sixty-two counties in the state. Five of the counties are boroughs of the City of New York and do not have functioning county governments. While originally created as subdivisions of the state meant to carry out state functions, counties are now considered municipal corporations with
11960-522: The purposes of municipal representation. Each ward elects one member to the city's legislative body, and the wards are redistricted roughly every ten years. These divisions can go by other names by city; in Buffalo they are known as districts . These divisions can either be numbered or named. New York City was divided into wards at various times in its history between 1683 and 1938, although they were gradually replaced by Assembly and Senate districts starting in
12090-475: The reconstruction of exit 131 along NY 17. As part of the project, a diverging diamond interchange was built at the exit to improve access between NY 17 and NY 32. Also as part of the project, NY 32 was widened to three lanes to each way; CR 64 / Nininger Road was extended to Woodbury Common Premium Outlets ; and exit ramps were built from NY 32 north and NY 32 south to meet Nininger Road at two respective traffic circles. In addition,
12220-589: The remaining at-grade sections are eliminated and the highway is brought up to Interstate Highway standards. On November 14, 2024, NYSDOT announced the extension of the I-86 designation from exit 60 to exit 67 ( NY 26 ) in Vestal . The New York State Thruway Authority converted the Harriman Toll Barrier at the interchange of NY 17 and I-87 (exit 16 on I-87) to cashless tolling. This included
12350-695: The residents and approved by the New York State Legislature. Each type of local government is granted specific home rule powers by the New York State Constitution. There are still occasional changes as a village becomes a city, or a village dissolves (stops existing), each of which requires legislative action. New York also has various corporate entities that provide local services and have their own administrative structures (governments), such as school and fire districts. These are not found in all counties. Almost every piece of land in
12480-455: The road. The New York State Thruway now runs through the pass. The south entrance to the town was garrisoned during the Revolution, with General Washington ordering as many as 400 soldiers to be stationed there at all times. The first railroad line across Rockland County, the Erie Railroad , was built in 1841 and ran from Piermont to Ramapo. By 1851, the line was extended to Lake Erie , and
12610-728: The roadside boundaries of hamlets, as decided by the sign provider. Many towns have special zoning or planning districts and planning strategies for their hamlets, and many places welcome signs at the gateways to the hamlets. Some hamlets are former villages that have dissolved their incorporation ( Old Forge in Herkimer County ; Rosendale , in Ulster County ; and Andes in Delaware County , for example). Notwithstanding hamlets are not cities or towns, many of them are called out in formal addresses for those residents residing within
12740-450: The same legal powers as were once available only to suburban towns. Even so, towns of different classifications continue to have organizational differences and certain conditions that must be met before a town's classification changes. The town board serves as the legislative branch. The board is composed of one elected town supervisor (or chief executive officer in suburban towns) and a specific number of elected council persons; towns of
12870-575: The second class generally have two but may have four council persons, whereas towns of the first class generally have four but can have two or six. The supervisor presides over the board, voting on all matters but not possessing veto or tie-breaking power. Certain towns operate under a town manager form of government, creating an executive branch in the town government, as permitted by legislation enacted in 1976. As such, some supervisors have additional authority or executive powers, whereas some towns have town managers or chief executive officers who serve as
13000-456: The state has more than 3,400 active local governments and more than 4,200 taxing jurisdictions. Counties and incorporated municipal governments (also known as "general purpose units of local government"; i.e., cities, towns and villages) in the State of New York have been granted broad home rule powers enabling them to provide services to their residents and to regulate the quality of life within their jurisdictions. They do so while adhering to
13130-404: The state is part of a city or town, which is part of one county. The exceptions are the city of Geneva ; New York City ; and ten Indian reservations . As of 2009 , New York has 62 counties (including New York City's five boroughs ), which are subdivided into 933 towns and 61 cities (including Geneva in both Ontario and Seneca counties, but excluding New York City and Sherrill ). In total,
13260-635: The state legislature prior to 1874. Before a revision to the State Constitution in that year, villages were formed by the state legislature through granting of charters. Many villages reincorporated, dumping their charters in favor of the Village Law. The villages that retain their charters are Alexander , Carthage , Catskill , Cooperstown , Deposit , Fredonia , Ilion , Mohawk , Ossining , Owego , Port Chester , and Waterford . These villages must still comply with those aspects of Village Law that are not inconsistent with their charters. To be incorporated,
13390-408: The state line. By 1932, an alternate route of NY 17 between the New Jersey state line at Hillburn and the hamlet of Ramapo on the western bank of the Ramapo River was designated as NY 339 . The route largely followed the path of modern I-287 and the New York State Thruway between the two locations. It initially became a local road upon crossing into New Jersey; however, Route 2
13520-580: The state use the term hamlet to refer to a community within a town that is not incorporated as a village but is identified by a name, i.e. an unincorporated community . A hamlet often has a name corresponding to the name of a local school district , post office , or fire district. Because a hamlet has no government of its own, it depends upon the town or towns that contain it for municipal services and government. Because they do not have governments, hamlets have no clear boundaries . Suffolk County publishes maps that give hamlet boundaries, but towns within
13650-423: The state's 932 towns used this system. In towns operating under the ward system, citizens vote for councilmen who represent a specific area (ward) of the town, as opposed to the at-large councilmen elected in the majority of the state's towns. Towns vary in size and population. The largest town by area is Brookhaven ( Suffolk County ), which covers 531.5 sq mi (1,377 km ), but more than half of that
13780-478: The state. Each of the five boroughs of the city is coextensive with a county of the state of New York. Under New York State's General Municipal Law , a borough results when the towns, villages and cities in a county merge with the county itself. This occurred in 1898 when New York City merged with surrounding counties, cities and towns to form its present configuration. The five boroughs are: The boroughs were originally intended to retain some local governance in
13910-508: The submission of a proper petition to the board. The village board must produce a "dissolution plan" that settles specific matters, such as the village's debts, its employees and property, and the financial impact dissolution would have on village and non-village town residents. This plan is voted upon by village voters only. About 15% of villages cross other municipal boundaries. More than 70 villages are located in two or more towns. Seven villages are in two counties. The village of Saranac Lake
14040-405: The term "Board of Supervisors." 34 counties have a County Legislature, six counties have a Board of Legislators, and one county has a Board of Representatives. The five counties, or boroughs, of New York City are governed by a 51-member City Council. In non-charter counties, the legislative body exercises executive power as well. Although the legislature can delegate certain functions and duties to
14170-473: The third Vice President of the United States; General George Clinton , who became the first (and longest-serving) elected Governor of New York , as well as the fourth Vice President of the United States (under both Thomas Jefferson and James Madison ); and Alexander Hamilton , first United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Washington. From Suffern to Monroe was a main route of travel through
14300-496: The town of Palm Tree in Orange County was incorporated in 2019 and is coterminous with the village of Kiryas Joel , having acquired land from the town of Monroe . When such an entity is formed, officials from either unit of government may serve in both village and town governments simultaneously. A referendum is held to decide whether residents prefer a village-style or town-style government, which will then function primarily as
14430-419: The town or towns in which they are located. Village residents pay both town and village taxes, and vote in town and village elections. Those services not provided by the village are provided by the town or towns containing the village. As of the 2000 census, 9.9% of the state's population was living in one of the 556 villages in New York. The legislature of a village is the board of trustees, composed of
14560-435: The two rivers, which intersect in Pennsylvania, the general corridor runs just north of the state line in New York. NY 17 itself crosses into Pennsylvania for approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) between a point west of exit 60 and a point west of exit 61; additionally, all the ramps at exit 60 and portions of the eastbound ramps at exits 59A and 61 are in Pennsylvania. Despite being in Pennsylvania, it
14690-459: The two-lane NY 17 hopelessly jammed in summer. Many towns, especially the fairly large city of Middletown , were paralyzed on Friday evenings and Sunday afternoons in the summertime, as traffic passed through local downtowns and their traffic lights. In addition, the tight turns and steep inclines along the route led to numerous fatal crashes, including two milk tanker truck crashes in the mid-1950s. In response, New York State officials planned
14820-486: The vicinity of Waverly is actually located in Pennsylvania; however, it is maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT). A very small portion of the route is concurrent with the Thruway in the area of Hillburn for less than 0.5 miles (0.80 km) and is therefore maintained by the New York State Thruway Authority , but otherwise NY 17 is maintained by NYSDOT. The route
14950-592: The well in the side yard, his home would have been in at the area of Licata Insurance. The well is in the basement of the furniture store. During the war, General General Washington and his regiment made camp in the village several times. Lafayette Avenue, the main street of Suffern, is named in honor of Revolutionary War hero Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, better known as the Marquis de Lafayette . Other guests who took advantage of Suffern's hospitality included Lieutenant Colonel Aaron Burr , who later became
15080-487: The west of both Hillburn and old NY 17, bypassing the village before rejoining the old road south of Ramapo. The explosive growth of the tourism industry in the Catskill Mountains region, which began in the 1930s and intensified after World War II , stretched the rural road to its limits. Scores of hotels, resorts and bungalow colonies attracted hundreds of thousands of vacationing New Yorkers, whose cars left
15210-635: The western Hudson Highlands . The main road was the Albany Post Road , one of the oldest roads in the state, which served as the stagecoach line between Albany and New York City . Once the Hudson River froze in winter, the Post Road was heavily traveled as an alternate. The 20 miles (32 km) of road through Ramapo Pass was later developed as the Orange Turnpike (now known as Route 17 ). Tolls were collected from 1800 until 1886 to maintain and improve
15340-435: Was $ 59,754, and the median income for a family was $ 74,937. Males had a median income of $ 46,959 versus $ 36,093 for females. The per capita income for the village was $ 29,208. About 3.5% of families and 5.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.6% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over. Novartis had a manufacturing facility in Suffern, employing approximately 525 workers. In January 2014,
15470-556: Was 434 miles (698 km) long. In the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York , NY 17 basically remained intact. The only changes made at this time were the straightening out of the Olean–Wellsville segment (now via Ceres ) and the Andover–Jasper segment (now via Greenwood ). NY 17 initially reached New Jersey by way of Suffern's Orange Avenue (now US 202 ) and connected to New Jersey's Route 2 at
15600-425: Was assigned in 1924, extending from Westfield to Suffern via at-grade highways. It was moved onto the Quickway and the Southern Tier Expressway as sections of both were completed from the 1950s to the 1980s. Two of NY 17's suffixed routes, NY 17C and NY 17M , follow substantial portions of NY 17's pre- freeway alignment. In 1998, all of NY 17 between the Pennsylvania state line and Harriman
15730-524: Was considered an engineering marvel. The tracks are now owned by the Norfolk Southern line. In consideration for the right-of-way given it by Judge Edward Suffern, son of founder John, to lay track across his 6 miles (10 km) of land, the Erie Railroad named their depot "Suffern's Station." The village became known as Suffern, not New Antrim, as it had been called by John Suffern. In 1897, Avon Products , known then as California Perfume Company, built
15860-573: Was considered strategically important in the Revolutionary War because it was at an important crossroads near Ramapo Pass. General George Washington and other important military leaders used John Suffern's home as headquarters when they were in the area. This history has been recognized in the town. Suffern is a stop on the Washington–Rochambeau Revolutionary Route National Historic Trail, under
15990-646: Was demolished for site parking. In 2023, Avon was sold to Regeneron Pharmaceuticals to be used for research and development laboratories. In 1916, what would become New York State Route 59 , which reached from Nyack to Spring Valley in 1915, was extended to Suffern and the Ramapo hamlet. In 1924, the Lafayette Theatre , named for the Revolutionary War hero the Marquis de Lafayette, opened its doors. In 1972,
16120-432: Was designated as "Future I-86". The westernmost 177 miles (285 km) of the route was designated as I-86 one year later, and the designation has been gradually extended eastward as sections of NY 17 were improved to Interstate Highway standards. Prior to the I-86 designation, NY 17 was part of a 3-state Route 17 along with New Jersey Route 17 and the former Pennsylvania Route 17 (PA 17). NY 17 begins as
16250-618: Was expanded to two lanes in each direction between the exit and Legoland's entrance. NYSDOT has requested proposals for plans to widen NY 17 between the Thruway in Orange County and the town of Liberty in Sullivan County. The widening is supported by the 17-Forward-86 coalition, several state senators, and various businesses and organizations in the area. NY 17 has had 13 suffixed routes bearing 11 different designations. Five are still assigned to their routes, while eight have been removed or renumbered. A fourteenth, NY 17L ,
16380-613: Was extended east to Horseheads in 2004 and Elmira in 2008; additionally, a 10-mile (16 km) stretch of NY 17 in central Broome County was designated as I-86 in 2006. In September 2013, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) approved a 15.8-mile (25.4 km) extension of the I-86 designation from exit 56 in Elmira to the Tioga county line. The remainder of NY 17 west of I-87 will be designated as I-86 after
16510-465: Was first proposed by New York Governor Thomas Dewey in 1953, and the first sections of the Southern Tier Expressway were completed in the mid-1960s. At the time, NY 17 followed the entirety of two of the four open sections ( Steamburg to Salamanca and Owego to the Broome County line) and part of a third (Corning to Lowman via Elmira). As more continuous pieces of the expressway opened during
16640-828: Was inhabited by the Ramapough , a tribe of Munsee , who were a division of the Lenape tribe. Upon Sidman's death, this land passed into the hands of his son-in-law, John Smith, who sold it to John Suffern. The village of Suffern was founded in 1796. John Suffern, first Rockland County judge, 1798–1806, settled near the base of the Ramapo Mountains in 1773, and called the place New Antrim , after his home in County Antrim , Ireland . His French Huguenot ancestors had settled there after fleeing religious persecution in France. New Antrim's location
16770-606: Was largely designated in 1908 by the New York State Legislature as Route 4, an unsigned legislative route . This routing was incorporated in 1918 as the main portion of an auto trail called the Liberty Highway , which connected New York City to Cleveland via Hackensack , Liberty , the Southern Tier , and Erie . Legislative Route 4 began at legislative Route 18 (current US 20 ) in Westfield and proceeded southeast through Mayville to Jamestown on what
16900-403: Was realigned c. 1933 to connect to NY 339 instead of NY 17. In the mid-1930s, the alignments of NY 17 and NY 339 south of Ramapo were flipped, placing NY 17 on the western route. By 1938, NY 17 was relocated onto a new highway through the Hillburn village limits. While the southern half of the new road utilized the old highway, the northern half veered to
#928071