115-582: The St John Ambulance Australian Youth is an organisation of St John Ambulance Australia that aims to teach and develop young people first aid and other skills with a spirit of community service. The movement has more than 3,500 youth members, aged between 12 and 18 across Australia. Youth divisions operate in every state and territory in Australia, with the exception of Queensland and Western Australia. St John Ambulance Western Australia announced in March 2013 that
230-496: A badge for each level completed. Each level has four subject areas. Youth members complete one activity from each of the subject areas for each badge moving progressively from bronze to gold. To find out all about the award and download an application form visit AYAN Opportunities St John Ambulance Australia St John Ambulance Australia (also known as St John) ( SJAA ) is a charitable organisation , dedicated to helping people in sickness, distress, suffering or danger. It
345-1128: A combination of paid and volunteer staff. Paid ambulance officers and paramedics are used in the metropolitan areas and larger regional centres. Volunteer ambulance officers are used in regional areas. Aeromedical role is offered by CareFlight operating an AW 139 out of Darwin. ^ Youth Leaders are adult members who have undertaken a specific leadership course and are ranked above youth but below all adult ranks St John runs Cadet Divisions for children aged 8–17, this includes Juniors (8–11) and Cadets (11–17). These can be found in most towns or suburbs of major cities in Australia. Examples are Glebe Division and Bathurst Division in New South Wales , Greater Dandenong Division in Victoria and Playford Cadet Division in South Australia. The cadet program has ceased in Western Australia and Queensland. The youth program in Australia, focuses on developing young people in
460-545: A first aid culture in Australia and to contribute to a vibrant and sustainable St John. AYAN is for all young members and their leaders. Whether you are an Adult Member, paramedic or other paid staff member, or involved in the Youth movement—AYAN want to hear from you. The teaching of first aid to cadets and juniors is of primary importance to the movement. This training mainly takes place during weekly divisional meetings, but can also extend to statewide or nationwide events, such as
575-402: A first aid in schools program. State/territory youth councils only act in an advisory role with regards to youth policy and operations and do not have their own decision-making powers. State/territory youth officers may appoint further officers to assist them in their duties, such as youth training. Previously, the role of youth liaison officer in some states was in concert with the role of
690-480: A high amount of Islamic adherents, such as Lakemba (59.2%), South Granville (49%) and Old Guildford (45.9%). Buddhism was the common response in the suburbs of Cabramatta , Canley Vale and Canley Heights , with 43.0%, 37.1% and 38.4% adhering to it, respectively. In Harris Park , to the northwest, Hinduism was the common religion with 44.8% of its inhabitants practicing it. Westmead (40.8%), Parramatta (28.5%) and Rosehill (24.0%) also had Hinduism as
805-475: A mere 4,128 cadets in 206 divisions. Since then, cadet membership has remained more or less at around 4,000. The 1990s were an important decade for the cadet movement, in that a change of emphasis resulted from a review into the movement by the national staff in Canberra . It was decided that rather than treating the cadet organisation as merely a recruiting area for adult divisions, that it should be turned more into
920-472: A national youth organisation of itself. In 1978, the Cadet Handbook was published for the first time by Australian Headquarters staff in Canberra . The handbook explains the rules and regulations under which cadets and the cadet organisation must operate, as well as providing important information to cadets and parents alike. The 1970s also yielded another important development – a Chief Officer for Cadets
1035-590: A number of different definitions, although the one consistently used is the region composed of ten local government authorities , most of which are members of the Western Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils (WSROC). The NSW Government's Office of Western Sydney calls the region "Greater Western Sydney". Radiocarbon dating suggests human activity occurred in the Sydney metropolitan area from around 30,000 years ago . The Darug people lived in
1150-474: A part of everybody's life. AYAN use technology to regularly connect and engage with young people, advocating to and acting as a conduit to assist decision-makers to realise the goals of the organisation. You will find AYAN on Facebook and Instagram, and they have their own website— AYAN Website AYAN believe that young people have a great deal to offer St John. AYAN want to share Young Members ideas, innovations and feedback with St John decision-makers, to promote
1265-402: A sandstone flour mill and additional brewery . The land was also used for wheat farming until 1861 when wheat rust infected the entire crop. The rural regions were chiefly one of dairying and grazing during the 19th century, but in the early 20th century – because of its rural atmosphere and proximity to Sydney – tourism developed as people opened their homes as guest houses . Today,
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#17328593511131380-510: A true youth movement . With this in mind, the Australian Youth Council was founded in 1997, composed of two representatives aged between 15 and 25 from each state/territory. Cadet numbers have been in decline for some years, largely due to a lack of promotion and resources from state offices. St. John Ambulance in Western Australia even announced in March 2013 that the entire cadet movement would be abolished in that state, involving
1495-642: A variety of aspects. Young members are taught first aid and participate in youth development and social activities. For cadets, it is also possible to study for various 'badges'. Some of the topics available include counter-disaster, animal care and cookery. Across most divisions, youth and cadet divisions meet once a week, in a designated place, to conduct a training night. There is a designated training program for youth and cadet divisions Youth members within Event and Emergency First Aid Service programs attend public duties to provide first aid at various events to members of
1610-455: A working class background, with major employment in the heavy industries and vocational trade. Encompassing significant areas of national parks, waterways and parklands, agricultural lands, natural bushland and a range of recreational and sporting facilities, the region also largely contains remnants of critically endangered native Cumberland Plain Bushland and World Heritage -listed areas of
1725-581: A year, usually including the National Conference or Priory in June, and another meeting (Youth Stakeholders Weekend) later in the year, as well as teleconferences during the year which may include either the entire council or the National Team. Youth councils consist of young people in the organisation who are aged 12 to 25 years. Western Sydney Greater Western Sydney ( GWS ) is a large region of
1840-485: Is a diverse area when it comes to socio-economics , with the two largest industries in the region being manufacturing and construction . Of the 544,000 jobs situated in the GWS, 75% of those who live in the region also work there. The Smithfield – Wetherill Park Industrial Estate is the largest industrial estate in the southern hemisphere and is the centre of manufacturing and distribution in GWS. Lying strategically between
1955-436: Is also no longer issued to youth members in Victoria due to budget cuts. Cadets in Western Australia are instead issued the same uniforms as paramedics – known as "Greens". Their rank tag states "Cadet" on the front left breast pocket and on the rear of the shirt piece. All badges are reflective in design. Many different activities are provided for in the cadet programme. These include statewide and nationwide events, such as
2070-587: Is constantly growing. The south and southwest of Sydney is drained by the Georges River , flowing north from its source near Appin, towards Liverpool and then turning east towards Botany Bay . Minor waterways draining Sydney's western suburbs include South Creek and Eastern Creek , flowing into the Hawkesbury, and Prospect Creek draining into the Georges River. Cowan Creek and Berowra Creek run north from
2185-408: Is cooler, with days above 30 °C (86 °F) happening on average only 1.1 times during the month. Days cooler than 20 °C (68 °F) occur more regularly leading into May. In May, days are usually mild, ranging from 17 to 24 °C (63 to 75 °F), but can get quite cold, with maximums of 17 °C (63 °F) or lower starting to occur. Average minimums fall throughout the season, with
2300-545: Is described in William Bradley 's Journal where he noted an expedition from Rose Hill to Prospect Creek to determine whether Prospect Creek led to Botany Bay . The Battle of Parramatta , a major battle of the Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars , occurred in March 1797 where resistance leader Pemulwuy led a group of Bidjigal warriors, estimated to be at least 100, in an attack on a government farm at Toongabbie, challenging
2415-569: Is divided into states, regions and divisions. In South Australia division are known as “Teams”. Events covered by St. John Australia include sports, such as the 2006 Melbourne Commonwealth Games , where a team of 500 members treated over 3000 casualties. Other events covered include sporting events, such as the Australian Open , music concerts and community fetes. St John EHS volunteers support state emergency management and disaster plans in some states, in conjunction with other organisations like
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#17328593511132530-483: Is divided into the states/territories who have their own boards and oversee the day-to-day running of St John. Some states are also divided into regions, who oversee all branches and report to the state boards. St John Ambulance Australia has three main branches, with each one having its own specific area of operation. St John provides volunteer (and in some States, salaried staffed) event health, medical & first aid services at events and emergencies. First Aid Services
2645-661: Is held every year, at the National Cadet Camp. Each state and territory is encouraged to facilitate provision of a youth council, the National Office also facilitates the Australian Youth Council. Broadly, youth councils provide guidance to St John on issues affecting the organisation and its future development, particularly concerning the opinion and interests of young people. In 2006, the Australian Youth Council (AYC) restructured to be made up of 16 state/territory representatives (nominated by their state/territory, including
2760-557: Is mainly due to the immense cultural activities and high affordability in the region, and also the development of new restaurants, high-rise apartments, telecommunications , local employment, retail and education. Regarding this, Allworth Homes director Stephen Thompson states, "While the outskirts of Sydney were once considered undesirable, improved infrastructure coupled with soaring house prices has meant many property seekers are looking further afield for their homes, including high-income earners". With Western Sydney Airport opening in
2875-437: Is now the sixth largest business district in Australia. Rapid population increase after World War II saw the settlement of many ex-service men and migrants in the greater west, making it one of the most urbanised regions in the country and an area of growing national importance. Being the third largest economy in Australia , behind Sydney CBD and Melbourne , the region covers 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and
2990-407: Is one of the fastest growing populations in Australia, with an estimated resident population of 2,288,554 in 2017. Western Sydney has the most multicultural suburbs in the country with 38% of the population speaking a language other than English at home, and up to 90% in some suburbs. Containing about 9% of Australia's population and 44% of Sydney's population, the people of GWS are predominantly of
3105-568: Is part of an international organisation that consists of eight priories that form the Order of St John . The organisation is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "St John's Ambulance" instead of "St John Ambulance". St John First Aid training centres were established in Australia in the late 19th century. On 13 June 1883 a public meeting was held in the Melbourne Town Hall to form a local branch of
3220-481: Is relatively high through the months reaching a peak in winter (due to the lower evaporation rate), despite the lower rainfall in that season. At a time in the past, monocline formed to the west of Sydney. The monocline is a sloping bend that raises the sandstone well above where it is expected to be seen, and this is why the whole of the visible top of the Blue Mountains is made of sandstone. Sandstone slopes in
3335-452: Is some form of 'cadet of the year' award, usually with one award for male cadets and one award for female cadets. They are awarded to recognise excellence in the cadet movement. Divisions may also have their own unofficial awards, which can vary. This is the second highest award that a cadet can receive and is awarded to cadets who have earned 12 proficiency badges, including the Knowledge of
3450-531: Is the fourth-oldest place of British settlement on the Australian continent , where European settlers utilised the fertile river flats for agriculture. Governor Phillip Gidley King began granting land in the area to settlers in 1804 with Captain Daniel Woodriff 's 1,000 acres (4.0 km ) on the banks of the river the first land grant in the area. Liverpool Hospital was founded on a portion of land beside
3565-692: Is the highest that any junior can achieve. It is awarded to juniors who have earned 10 interest badges and is worn on the right breast pocket of a shirt or battlejacket. The Southern Cross Award is designed to provide a flexible framework of personal development and achievement for members aged 16 to 25. The activities are not predetermined—youth members choose activities that are relevant to them. Youth members also set their own goals, work within their own time-frames and make their own decisions about what activities will help them achieve their award goals. To complete this award youth members are required to progress through three levels: bronze, silver and gold, receiving
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3680-727: Is the largest assemblage of igneous rock in Sydney. The oval-shaped ridge was made many millions of years ago when volcanic material from the Earth's upper mantle moved upwards and then sideways. Swamps and lagoons are existent on the floodplain of the Nepean River , one being Bents Basin , which is also a recreational area. Parramatta River drains a large area of Sydney's western suburbs. With 5,005,400 inhabitants (as of 2016) and an urban population density of 2037 people per square kilometre, Sydney's urban area covers 1,788 square kilometres (690 sq mi), comprising 35% of Sydney and
3795-412: Is the largest first aid training organisation in Australia. Apart from its flagship Provide First Aid (a workplace first aid course), St John also offer instruction in topics such as Advanced Resuscitation, Advanced First Aid, AED (Automated External Defibrillation) and analgesic administration, remote first aid and occupational first aid. St John Ambulance in Australia raises funds and recruits staff for
3910-580: Is the primary body within St John for communicating and consulting with and representing the views of young members (aged 12 to 26 years). AYAN aims to: • communicate with young members in the places they hang out (e.g. on social media) • consult with young people nationally and understand their point of view • represent young peoples’ views to decision-makers in St John nationally • help St John to achieve its goal of making first aid
4025-764: The A4 to Glenbrook in west. It continues as the Great Western Highway as the A32, passing the southern fringe of the Parramatta central business district, moving due west across western metropolitan Sydney to Penrith, north of the central business district, crossing the Nepean River via the 1867 Victoria Bridge . Cumberland Highway links the Pacific Highway (A1/B83) and Pacific Motorway ( M1 ) at Pearces Corner, Wahroonga in
4140-659: The Blue Mountains . The Hawkesbury and Nepean River system is Sydney's firsthand water source and the mainstay of the region's agricultural and fishing industries, and is also major recreational area for the inhabitants of GWS. The heritage-listed Warragamba Dam , the primary reservoir for water supply for Sydney, is located in the greater west. Near Penrith , numerous Aboriginal stone tools were found in Cranebrook Terraces gravel sediments dating to 50,000–45,000 BP . For more than 30,000 years, Aboriginal people from
4255-562: The British Army to fight. On 4 March 1804 Irish convicts rose up in Rouse Hill as one, in what was to become known as the Castle Hill convict rebellion . Governor Lachlan Macquarie and Mrs Macquarie preferred the clean air of rural Parramatta to the unsanitary and crime-ridden streets of Sydney and transformed Old Government House, Parramatta , into an elegant Palladian -style home in
4370-589: The Cumberland Plain , a relatively flat region lying to the west of Sydney Harbour, and the Hornsby Plateau , a plateau north of the Harbour rising to 200 metres and dissected by steep valleys. Sydney's native plant species are predominantly eucalyptus trees . The moderately-fertile Soils in western Sydney are usually red and yellow in texture as they are rich in clay, are fine-textured and acidic. Soil moisture
4485-753: The Gandangara tribe have lived in the Fairfield area. Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, the Penrith area was home to the Mulgoa tribe of the Dharug people , who spoke the Dharug language . They lived in makeshift huts called gunyahs , hunted native animals such as kangaroos, and fished in the Nepean River. The Auburn area was once used by Dharug people as a market place for the exchange of goods between them and Dharawal people on
4600-648: The Georges River , making it the second oldest hospital in Australia. Fairfield railway station was opened in 1856 and has the oldest surviving railway building in New South Wales. Quarrying in the Prospect area began in the 1820s and naturalist Charles Darwin visited Prospect Hill in January 1836, to observe the geology. Designed and constructed by the NSW Public Works Department , Prospect Reservoir
4715-524: The Inner West mostly consist of federation -era homes, the west usually features larger modern homes, which are predominantly found in the outer, newer suburbs, starting from the City of Fairfield and Blacktown and including Stanhope Gardens , Kellyville Ridge , and Bella Vista to the northwest, Bossley Park , Abbotsbury , and Cecil Hills to the west, and Hoxton Park , Harrington Park , and Oran Park to
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4830-647: The Penrith City Council . Western Sydney is also sometimes used to refer to the whole Greater Western Sydney region, which is the combination of Western Sydney as defined above and the Macarthur Region (also referred to as South-western Sydney ). As well as the ten councils listed above, the GWS region includes Camden Council , Campbelltown City Council and Wollondilly Shire Council . With more than 240,000 local businesses which generated more than $ 95 billion gross regional product in 2009, Western Sydney
4945-542: The State Emergency Service . South Australia now engages approximately 200 full time and casual staff providing event health and medical services. Commercial event clients are staffed by salaried staff and supplemented by volunteer members. Volunteer members traditionally cover community events, occasionally needing salaried staff when high risk events require guaranteed attendance of health care professionals. In South Australia both volunteer and salaried staff wear
5060-632: The Upper North Shore to the Hawkesbury river. Western Sydney experiences a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfa ) with the annual temperatures having an average maximum of 23 °C (73 °F) and a minimum of 12 °C (54 °F), making the region a few degrees warmer than the Sydney CBD . Maximum summer temperatures average at around 27 to 31 °C (81 to 88 °F) and winter temperatures are mild, averaging at around 16 to 20 °C (61 to 68 °F), depending on
5175-597: The Venerable Order of St John . The previous version of the code required cadets to 'serve God', but this was changed in the 1990s to 'serve my God' to avoid excluding those of no religion or those who are not Christian . It has eight major points, representing the eight points of the Maltese cross of the Venerable Order of St John . I promise To serve God To be loyal to the Sovereign and to my Officers To observe
5290-472: The house sparrow , common myna and feral pigeon are ubiquitous in the CBD areas of Sydney. Possums , bandicoots , rabbits , feral cats , lizards , snakes and frogs may also be present in the urban environment, albeit seldom in city centres . The Sydney area lies on Triassic shales and sandstones with low rolling hills and wide valleys in a rain shadow area. Sydney sprawls over two major regions:
5405-415: The understory , reminiscent of Mediterranean forests . It has been calculated that around 98,000 hectares of native vegetation remains in the Sydney metropolitan area, about half of what is likely to have been existing at the time of European arrival. The endemic flora is home to a variety of bird , insect , reptile and mammal species, which are conspicuous in urban areas. Introduced birds such as
5520-461: The Blue Mountains westwards of these country plains. Abbotsbury , Cecil Hills and Glenmore Park were farms through until the 1980s when it was decided to redevelop them for housing. The area around the site of Regentville has remained largely rural, if hemmed in somewhat by the modern residential suburbs of Jamisontown and Glenmore Park. In the 1800s, John Blaxland built an original wooden weir at "Grove Farm" (now known as Wallacia ) for
5635-472: The Bureau of Statistics, areas with the highest percentage of Christians were found in the western and south-western suburbs such as, Bossley Park (85%), Grasmere (82.3%), Theresa Park (81.1%), Abbotsbury (81%) and Horsley Park (79.6%), with the most popular denominations being Catholic and Anglican , respectively. The suburbs east of those, in the City of Canterbury-Bankstown and Camden Council , had
5750-678: The English manner. Originally constructed under Governor Hunter in 1799 to reflect the economic importance of the Parramatta district, the building remains today Australia's oldest public building and was given World Heritage Listing by UNESCO in 2010. In 1803 a government stock farm was established in what was to become the Riverstone / Marsden Park area, on the basis of the abundant water supply and good grazing land there, and also in Smithfield , due to its good soil and dependable water supply . Windsor
5865-957: The NHS style green uniform (as used in St John New Zealand). No rank markings are used in South Australia. The clinical levels In South Australia are: - Event Responder (advanced first aid and advanced resuscitation) including use of inhaled and oral pain relief, adrenaline auto injectors, aspirin for cardiac use and GTN nitroglycerin. - Event Medic (Certificate II in medical service first response) skills include use of I-Gel airways, pelvic splints, IM adrenaline ampules for anaphylaxis/asthma, glucagon IM, NSAIDs, antihistamines - Ambulance Officer (Certificate IV in Health Care) skills included IM naloxone, ECG, ondansetron, midazolam - Registered Nurse, Registered Paramedic, Medical Officer (Doctor) St John SA does not recognise or Credential Enrolled Nurses St John
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#17328593511135980-439: The National Cadet Camp. Cadets learn a wide variety of first aid skills, including CPR , asthma treatment and bandaging. There are currently 37 proficiency badges available to youth in Australia. These include awards in respect of: Youth members, as with adults, are usually required to regularly attend meetings and participate in divisional activities for at least a few months before receiving their uniform. This new initiative
6095-541: The National Championships but also the international competitions with countries invited to send competitors from all over the world where St John is established. All cadets and juniors are required to recite the Code of Chivalry at least once during their membership. Many divisions will recite the code at the beginning or conclusion of every meeting. The code originates from the historical origins of St John Ambulance –
6210-717: The Order Badge and the Family Care Badge. The first Grand Prior's badges in the world were awarded in 1933 to three cadets – two from the United Kingdom and the other from Australia; Marion Higgins from Marrickville Cadet Nursing Division. The award is worn on the left sleeve for as long as the cadet remains a member of the Operations Branch – even if they become an adult. Similar to the Grand Prior's badge, this award
6325-454: The Parramatta region as a promising area for expansion and moved many of the convicts from late 1788 to establish a small township, which became the main centre of the colony's economic life. Nevertheless, poor equipment and unfamiliar soils and climate continued to hamper the expansion of farming from Farm Cove to Parramatta and Toongabbie . In February 1793, the Auburn area was established as
6440-587: The St John Ophthalmic Eye Hospital in Jerusalem . Funds are raised through public donations, and income received from conducting first aid courses and selling first aid kits and merchandise. St John Community Care conducts programs that are specific to each state. These activities range from assisting disadvantaged youth, to providing voluntary transport and support programs for the frail and elderly. In Western Australia St John Ambulance provides
6555-605: The Sydney area are on three sides: to the west the Blue Mountains, and to the north and south, the Hornsby and Woronora plateau . The centre of the Sydney basin is located beneath Fairfield . Bringelly Shale and Minchinbury Sandstone are often seen in the greater western parts of Sydney, which are part of the Wianamatta Shale group. The Prospect dolerite intrusion in Pemulwuy
6670-422: The Sydney basin. They may exacerbate fire danger in the warm months, although they usually tend to occur between late winter and early spring when westerly cold fronts become more frequent and would therefore be blocked by the ranges – This phenomenon thereby permits the late winter and early spring period to feature the highest amount of clear days in the year. It should be worth noting that Richmond features
6785-573: The United Kingdom in 1922, St John in Australia soon had one of the first overseas cadet divisions. This was the Glebe Ambulance Cadet Division which was registered on 19 December 1925. There was a lull in the registration of cadet divisions for approximately five years afterwards, with the next cadet divisions not being founded until 1930, with the registration of the North Sydney Nursing Cadet Division as well as
6900-556: The WSROC region covers 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and had an estimated resident population as at 30 June 2008 of 1,665,673. The region comprises the areas administered by the Blacktown City Council , Blue Mountains City Council , City of Canterbury-Bankstown , Cumberland Council , Fairfield City Council , Hawkesbury City Council , Hills Shire Council , Liverpool City Council , City of Parramatta Council , and
7015-485: The ambulance service. This service is provided through a combination of paid and volunteer staff. Paid ambulance officers and paramedics are used in the metropolitan areas and larger regional centres. Volunteer ambulance officers are used in regional areas and some outer metropolitan areas. In the Northern Territory St John Ambulance provides the ambulance service. This service is provided through
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#17328593511137130-477: The area that was greater western Sydney before European settlement regarded the region as rich in food from the river and forests. Parramatta was founded in 1788, the same year as Sydney, making it the second oldest city in Australia. Opened in 1811, Parramatta Road , which navigates into the heart of greater western Sydney, is one of Sydney's oldest roads and Australia's first highway between two cities – Sydney central business district (CBD) and Parramatta, which
7245-527: The association. By the end of June 1883, a centre had been established under the leadership of Edward Neild . The first division of the St John Ambulance Brigade (now known as St John Ambulance Event Health Services) was established in Glebe, New South Wales in 1903. A division of this organisation is still in operation today and is known as St John Ambulance Glebe Division. After this initial division
7360-462: The broad expanse of the Nepean River and Penrith . Windsor Road , one of the oldest roads in Sydney, was opened in 1794. In 1795, Matthew Flinders and George Bass explored up the Georges River for about 20 miles beyond what had been previously surveyed, and reported favourably to Governor John Hunter of the land on its banks. The earliest recorded white settlement in the Fairfield district
7475-415: The coast. The area that later became Campbelltown was inhabited prior to European settlement by the Tharawal people . For more than 30,000 years, Aboriginal people from the Gandangara tribe have lived in the Fairfield area. The people of what is now known as Carlingford , a suburb on the eastern peripheries of the greater west, were the Wallumedegal people, who practised fire-stick farming along
7590-399: The current cadet program would be abolished in that state, including the disbandment of all cadet divisions, to make way for a cadetship program for persons aged between 16 and 18 years old. And in 2017 St John Ambulance Queensland announced that their cadet program would be closed down and a first aid in schools program would replace it. Following the formation of St John Ambulance cadets in
7705-442: The dissolution of all cadet divisions and its replacement by an in-school program. A campaign opposing the changes has been organised, involving St. John members from across Australia. In 2017 it was announced that the cadet program in Queensland would dismantled by the end of the year. Cadets between 16–18 years old were given the option to join St John Event Health Services as volunteers. It was stated that they would be moving towards
7820-432: The districts of Ku-ring-gai , Hornsby Shire and The Hills Shire in the north were the most religious areas in Sydney, and were formerly known as being part of Sydney's " bible belt ". Today however, the western suburbs have become Sydney's so-called believer belt, with a high proportion of believers found in a band of suburbs that span the cities of Liverpool, Fairfield, Cumberland and Canterbury-Bankstown. According to
7935-508: The eastern end of the 150th meridian , which is a line that passes through the Russian city of Magadan in the northern hemisphere. In 1820s, Peter Cunningham described the country west of Parramatta and Liverpool as "a fine timbered country, perfectly clear of bush , through which you might, generally speaking, drive a gig in all directions, without any impediment in the shape of rocks, scrubs , or close forest". This confirmed earlier accounts by Governor Arthur Phillip , who suggested that
8050-978: The far-western suburbs, such as Campbelltown , Camden , Penrith and Richmond. These low temperatures often occur when the night sky is clear and the ground can radiate heat back into the atmosphere. Winter nights, though, are typically a few degrees cooler and frost is not uncommon in some areas, especially those in the far west such as Penrith and Richmond . Spring temperatures are highly variable, with temperatures fluctuating quite often. September will normally see 1 day reaching above 30 °C (86 °F), and extremely rare, above 35 °C (95 °F). Cool days in September can occur, occasionally failing to reach 15 °C (59 °F). October and November show high variability, where hot north-westerlies can cause temperatures to rise above 35 °C (95 °F), and even above 40 °C (104 °F) in November, while cool days below 20 °C (68 °F) are also quite common. The average minimum temperature increases throughout
8165-440: The first free-agricultural settlement thanks to Governor Phillip's repeated applications to the British government for free settlers, and by the end of that decade Prospect , West Pennant Hills , Baulkham Hills and Greystanes were established. Eighteen months after the landing of the First Fleet, an exploring party led by Captain Watkin Tench set out to further findings made by Governor Phillip where, in 1789, they discovered
8280-433: The first in Victoria , Richmond Ambulance Cadet Division. At the time, cadet divisions were separated into 'ambulance cadet divisions' and 'nursing cadet divisions', with only males being permitted in the former and females in the latter. Cadet divisions, when established, were intended to be recruiting grounds for the adult divisions up until the early 1950s. This changed and the cadet movement organised itself to become
8395-695: The first night below 10 °C (50 °F) often occurring in April. Winter temperatures often show a higher variation in late winter than early winter, with a day in August rarely reaching above 27 °C (81 °F), which is unknown in June and July. Winter daytime average around between 15 and 20 °C (59 and 68 °F). Winter nights average 6.9 °C (44.4 °F), although a few nights per year see temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F), mostly in July. Nights reaching below 0 °C (32 °F) more often occur in
8510-496: The greatest temperature range ever recorded in Australia; −8.3 °C (17.1 °F) to 47.8 °C (118.0 °F). Western Sydney is much warmer than Sydney city in summer. During this time, daytime temperatures can be 5 °C (9 °F) warmer than the city (in extreme cases the West can even be 10 °C (18 °F) hotter ). This is because sea breezes in the City do not penetrate
8625-446: The heart of the central business district areas of Fairfield , Mount Druitt , Guildford , Cabramatta , Merrylands , Rosehill , Granville , Canley Vale and Auburn . Yennora is known to be the most poorest suburb of western Sydney overall, where the median personal income is just $ 19,000, followed by Landsdowne , Blairmount , Wiley Park , Campsie , Roselands , Carramar , Villawood and Punchbowl . Furthmore, Claymore in
8740-446: The highest anywhere in Australia (excluding remote indigenous communities). Other Western Sydney suburbs, such as Fairfield , Bankstown and Canley Vale , are also over 80%. Although many of these communities are Australian-born (including Arabic speakers, with about 50% born therein), Western Sydney still is the main centre of Australian migration, with 60% of new arrivals settling in greater western Sydney in between 2006 and 2011, with
8855-447: The hilly Northern Suburbs. However, there are still a number of ridgy areas on the plain — Western Sydney Parklands , one of the largest parklands in the world , and Prospect Hill, the only area in Sydney with ancient volcanic activity , are between 120 and 140 metres (390 and 460 ft) high. Highly elevated suburbs, which typically range between 70 and 100 metres (230 and 330 ft) in height, include Leppington and Oran Park to
8970-519: The inland areas. Northwesterlies occasionally bring hot winds from the desert that raise temperatures as high as 40 °C (104 °F). Though southerly busters may still end the hot conditions. The humidity in the summer is usually in the comfortable range, though some days can be slightly humid (due to the ocean proximity) or very dry (due to the heat from the desert ). In early autumn, hot days are possible, with temperatures above 37 °C (99 °F) possible in March, but quite rare. April
9085-611: The location. Autumn and spring are the transitional seasons, with spring showing a larger variation than autumn in terms of temperatures. Rainfall is almost evenly spread throughout the year, although the first few months tend to be wetter, namely February through to April. The months from July through to December tend to be drier (late winter through to early summers). Thunderstorms are common in late summer and early autumn. Winters are pleasantly cool and relatively sunny (especially August), although east coast lows can bring large amounts of rainfall , especially in June. Most suburbs in
9200-465: The major population growth zones in the north-west and south-west of Sydney, it contains more than 1,000 manufacturing, wholesale, transport and service firms which employ more than 20,000 persons. While overall a lower income area for Sydney, with families who are dependent on childcare as both parents work, and higher than average unemployment and lower than average salary levels, it has some exceedingly high income suburbs nonetheless. Namely,
9315-578: The majority coming from India, China, Iraq , the Philippines and Vietnam . Furthermore, GWS also has more Indigenous Australian residents than either South Australia or Victoria, making it the largest indigenous community in Australia. These are some of the largest population groups of Australia's non-English speakers found in Western Sydney: Western Sydney is the most religious and socially conservative region in Sydney. Previously,
9430-468: The metropolitan area of Greater Sydney , New South Wales (NSW), Australia that generally embraces the north-west, south-west, central-west, far western and the Blue Mountains sub-regions within Sydney's metropolitan area and encompasses 11 local government areas : Blacktown , Blue Mountains , Camden , Campbelltown , Cumberland , Fairfield , Hawkesbury , Liverpool , Parramatta , Penrith and Wollondilly . It includes Western Sydney , which has
9545-471: The mid 2020s, Penrith is slated to become another CBD, with the airport creating 35,000 jobs by 2035. Agriculture is mainly concentrated in the outskirts of the Greater Western Sydney area, such as in suburbs of Kemps Creek , Mount Vernon , Mulgoa , Bringelly , Silverdale , Orchard Hills , Luddenham and Horsley Park , among others, which lie in a countryside adjacent to the footsteps of
9660-454: The most common faith. The region's major city centre is Parramatta, and the rest of the LGAs are growing immensely when it comes population, economic opportunity and environmental diversity. In the early 2010s, urban development has occurred in places like Camden, Campbelltown and Penrith, while Parramatta and Blacktown have grown rapidly. The GWS region overall grew at 2.1% in 2014 and 1.6% p.a. for
9775-499: The most likely place for a successful large farm, making it the second European settlement in Australia, after Sydney. Old Toongabbie was established in the same year. The Sydney Cove region originally settled in 1788 turned out to be unsuitable for farming, and after a number of years of near- famine in the colony, efforts were made to relocate food production inland to hopefully more climatically stable regions. Phillip sent exploratory missions in search of better soils and fixed on
9890-565: The mottoes of the Order , which are: Pro Fide – for the faith Pro Utilitate Hominum – for the service of mankind To be thorough in work and play To be truthful and just in all things To be cheerful and prompt in all I do To help the suffering and the needy and To be kind to all animals. Cadets have their own awards system, separate to adult members. These include both exemplary conduct and service awards. Awards are not worn on jumpers. Awards for exemplary conduct may vary throughout Australia, but in most states/territories there
10005-484: The national cadet camp and national cadet first aid championships. The St John Ambulance Australia Cadet National Championship began in the 1960s. At the time there were 4 categories for competition; Ambulance Cadet Team, Ambulance Cadet Individual, Nursing Cadet Team and Nursing Cadet Individual. The Ambulance Cadet categories were for boys between 11 and 18 years of age and the Nursing Cadet categories were for girls of
10120-467: The north to Campbelltown in the south, Lidcombe and Roselands in the east, with the A3 creating the boundary between the greater west and inner West , to Penrith and the lower parts of the Blue Mountains in the far west. The 151st meridian east passes through the heart of western Sydney, namely in the suburbs of Castle Hill , Parramatta , Granville , and Revesby , with the suburbs west of those being on
10235-551: The northern banks of the Parramatta River, which encouraged animals to graze , thus enhancing the ease of hunting and gathering . Most of the natives died due to introduced diseases, such as smallpox , following the arrival of the First Fleet , and the remainder were largely relocated to government farms and a series of settlements. In 1788, Governor Arthur Phillip had reconnoitred several places before choosing Parramatta as
10350-479: The past decade. The South-West, such as, Leppington , spanning Liverpool, Camden and Campbelltown councils, had higher number of families. The region's population is projected to reach 3 million by 2036. The more recent suburban developments tend to be less leafy than more established Sydney neighbourhoods. Home to around 1 in every 11 Australians, the 2 million inhabitants of GWS live in 743,940 dwellings with an average household size of 3.02. While Sydney CBD and
10465-430: The public. These duties include things such as: Big Day Out, Royal Easter Show (NSW), National Folk Festival (ACT), AFL Games (All AFL states), NRL, Super 12, and Rugby Union games, amongst other popular events. There are also many more lower profile events, like local fetes and markets. At these duties, St John members use treatment tools such as oxygen therapy equipment, defibrillators and analgesic gases on top of
10580-492: The region to central Sydney. The region is also served by several bus operators . Sydney Metro's Sydney Metro West and Western Sydney Airport Metro projects are currently under construction in the region. The M4 Western Motorway is a prominent dual carriageway motorway in western Sydney, that stretches from North Strathfield in the east, where it connects with the Great Western Highway / Parramatta Road as
10695-434: The regional youth officer, such as in Victoria where regional youth officers no longer exist. However, in some state/territories, regional youth officers still fulfil these roles. Youth divisions are headed by a divisional officer, who is in turn assisted by youth leaders and youth NCOs. The divisional officer may also have adult members assisting them, as well as other divisional officers or adult NCOs. This often depends on
10810-615: The rural areas include a number of orchards and vineyards in the meadows . Vegetable farming and fruit picking are common activities. Railway lines in Greater Western Sydney include the Main Western railway line , Main Southern railway line , Bankstown railway line , Richmond railway line , Main Suburban railway line , East Hills railway line and Old Main South railway line , connecting
10925-710: The same age. They were held on alternating years until 1985. In 1985, the championships amalgamated when the girls and boys cadet groups joined. A two new categories were added, the Cadet Leader Individual and the Champion State/Territory, and the Ambulance and the Nursing trophies were reassigned to become singular team and individual Championships. At this time, the St John National Champion badge
11040-413: The season, September can still have nights falling below 5 °C (41 °F). October and November occasionally have nights falling below 10 °C (50 °F). The residents of GWS come from more than 170 countries and speak over 100 different languages and 12% of them, namely the newcomers, do not speak English very well. Cabramatta is made up of 87.7% of people from non-English speaking backgrounds,
11155-576: The side of the division. Youth divisions may also be 'combined' with an adult division, meaning that they share resources and are essentially the same division, with the same divisional superintendent, same meeting place and same equipment. School divisions also exist across Australia, such as Bonnyrigg High School Division in Western Sydney , and Carey Grammar Division in Victoria. Youth 11 to 18 years of age. Senior Youth (Blue) from 15 years of age. AYAN
11270-400: The south west of Sydney. Until the 1950s, Liverpool was still a satellite town with an agricultural economy based on poultry farming and market gardening . However the urban sprawl of Sydney across the Cumberland Plain soon reached Liverpool, and it became an outer suburb of metropolitan Sydney with a strong working-class presence and manufacturing facilities. In the 1950s and 1960s, there
11385-553: The southwest was listed as one of the most socially disadvantaged areas in New South Wales. Nonetheless, the rest of the GWS region is generally made up of a middle class population, with such even found in both affluent and low income suburbs. Due to Parramatta's emergence as "Sydney's second CBD", livability in the surrounding western suburbs has been advancing, with Harris Park being 63rd most liveable area by Domain Group , followed by Parramatta at 110 and Rosehill at 187. Further to
11500-534: The southwest, Pemulwuy , Cecil Hills and Horsley Park to the greater west, and Greystanes , Seven Hills and Mount Druitt to the northwest. The main plant communities in the Greater Western Sydney region are sclerophyll grassy woodlands (i.e. savannas ), dry sclerophyll forests and small pockets of wet sclerophyll forests to the northeast as one approaches the Hornsby Plateau . The grassy woodlands contain eucalyptus trees which are usually in open woodlands that have sclerophyllous shrubs and sparse grass in
11615-657: The southwest. High school retention rates for years 7 to 12 are the lowest in the Sydney metropolitan area, recording 69.5% compared to 95.2% in Northern Sydney. In 2009, twice as many people in GWS aged 15 or older hadn't attended school at all compared to the rest of Sydney and NSW. The region has strong automobile dependency with consequent effects on air quality , health, quality of life and household budgets. The Department of Planning and Infrastructure Metropolitan Strategy for Sydney divides Greater Western Sydney into three sub-regions: Western Sydney as defined by
11730-578: The standard first aid equipment. In most states, new youth members (minimum age 14) will be put through a Senior First Aid Course (SFA) free of charge. St John youth also provides leadership opportunities for people of all ages. The program possesses a leadership program and a ranking system similar to the military. First aid competitions are also held each year. In these competitions, cadets (in teams of up to 3, or on their own) are tested on their first aid skill, practical thinking and problem solving ability, and scene management skills. A national competition
11845-509: The state/territory chairperson and another representative) and 5 National portfolio holders, including a Communications Coordinator, Training and Leadership Coordinator, Research Development Coordinator, Policy Coordinator and Australian Chair. The AYC Chair also sits as a full member of the National Board of Directors for St John Ambulance Australia. The aims of the Australian Youth Council include: The AYC usually meets in person once or twice
11960-875: The suburb of The Ponds , in the City of Blacktown, which is the most highly advantaged suburb in NSW on the SEIFA index of advantage-disadvantage, ahead of suburbs on the North Shore , such as St Ives and Avalon . Other affluent suburbs in western Sydney, ranging from upper middle class to upper class neighbourhoods, include, Acacia Gardens , Bella Vista , Castle Hill , Cherrybrook , Pemulwuy , Rouse Hill , Schofields , Edmondson Park , Beaumont Hills , Glenmore Park , Cecil Hills , Elizabeth Hills , Middleton Grange , Carnes Hill , Oran Park , Ropes Crossing , Leppington and Spring Farm , among others. Lower middle class and working class neighbourhoods are mainly concentrated near
12075-760: The surrounding suburbs. Opened in December 1985, in Eastern Creek , Wonderland Sydney was the largest amusement park in the southern hemisphere until its closure in 2004. In 2015, the Abbott government granted 12,000 extra humanitarian visas to persecuted Christians , largely the Assyrians , in the war-torn Middle Eastern countries, which were admitted to Australia as part of its one-off humanitarian intake, with half of them primarily settling in Fairfield and also Liverpool. The Greater Western Sydney region spans from Windsor in
12190-469: The trees were "growing at a distance of some twenty to forty feet from each other, and in general entirely free from brushwood..." Greater western Sydney predominantly lie on the Cumberland Plain and are relatively flat in contrast to the above regions. The region is situated on a rain shadow , thanks to the Hills District to the northeast, where they tend to be drier than the coast and less lush than
12305-467: The west have an annual precipitation that averages at around 700 to 900 mm (28 to 35 in), in contrast to Sydney CBD's 1,217 mm (48 in). Sydney usually experiences a föhn effect that originates from the Great Dividing Range , where the lifting of winds on the windward side of the Blue Mountains forces the air to gradually warm up and lose moisture as the winds descend into
12420-474: The west, Penrith warranted a spot in the top 200 suburbs of the 555 on the list. Seven of the top ten suburbs for home purchasers were more than 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the Sydney CBD, which included areas with high construction activity such as Baulkham Hills , Castle Hill, Liverpool and Blacktown, which has become Sydney's most popular area for home buyers, with more sales than any other suburb. This
12535-663: Was a large amount of suburban development both in the current suburb of Blacktown and the new suburbs that sprung up around it, which led to civic development in the town centre with the Blacktown Hospital opening in 1965. In the 1960s and 1970s, migration from south-east Asia as a result of the Vietnam War transformed Cabramatta into a thriving Asian community. Also in the 1970s, an influx of Middle Eastern immigrants, namely Lebanese people , settled in Lidcombe , Bankstown and
12650-482: Was a popular recreational site of the early 20th century due to its waterways and meadows. During World War II, Bankstown Airport was established as a key strategic air base to support the war effort and the control of Bankstown Airport was handed to US Forces . Campbelltown was designated in the early 1960s as a satellite city by the New South Wales Planning Authority, and a regional capital for
12765-540: Was also introduced. Initially, it was only granted to the winners of the Cadet Team, Cadet Individual and Cadet Leader Championships, however, since 2003 it has been also granted to the winners of the Champion State/Territory, regardless of their rankings in their relevant events. Each year these competitions are held in January at the National Cadet Camp (NatCamp). In 2014, the camp and competitions will be held in New South Wales and will be an international camp with there being
12880-427: Was appointed to the national staff. They became responsible for the nationwide overall direction of cadets, as well as liaising with their state/territory counterparts. Since then, eight people have held the position to date. Membership numbers were in decline during this period. After reaching their high point at 7,584 cadets in 321 divisions during the late 1960s, membership declined steadily until 1990 when there were
12995-477: Was built as Sydney's main water supply in the 1880s. The Upper Nepean Scheme was commenced in 1880 after it was realised that the Botany Swamps scheme was insufficient to meet Sydney's water supply needs. By the latter part of the nineteenth century coarse-grained picrite , and other dolorite rock types were being extracted from William Lawson 's estate on the west and north sides of Prospect Hill. Lansvale
13110-517: Was established other states followed suit, with divisions being set up in other states soon after. In 1987, the organisation adopted a single public title, "St John Ambulance Australia". The cadet movement was established in Australia in 1925 with a division in Glebe, NSW. The first Grand Prior's Badge issued outside the UK went to a cadet from Marrickville Cadet Division in 1933 named Marion Higgins. The organisation
13225-452: Was instituted due to many new members being issued uniforms and then leaving soon afterwards, taking the uniforms with them and never returning them. The youth uniform is similar to the Duty Order 1 adult uniform: Youth members are also issued with the appropriate epaulettes. They may also be issued with a high visibility vest for use on public duties. The distinctive black broad-brimmed hat
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