71-735: Siddhavatam is a village in Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is located in Siddavatam mandal of Kadapa revenue division . This village was initially under the rule of Matli Kings. As the Muslim rulers ruled the South India, it was then brought under the control of the Nawab of Cuddapah. With the advent of British, it was ceded to them by the Nawab. Under the rule of British, Siddavatam served as
142-547: A capacity of 1650MW is one of the biggest coal based power plant. It is near to Proddatur . The district has 29 large and medium scale industries with an investment of Rs. 10,22,943 crores providing employment to 19,410. It also has 2335 small scale units employing 21,294 persons with an investment of Rs. 688.59 Cr. Tummalapalle uranium mine was commissioned in 2012 to extract Uranium from ore. The district has 864.02 km (536.88 mi) of State Highway and 325.28 km (202.12 mi) of National Highway. The district
213-489: A fallout of the demolition, Joshi was dismissed in 1993 and controversially replaced as director general by Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer Achala Moulik, a move which inaugurated a tradition of appointing bureaucrats of the IAS instead of archaeologists to head the survey. The tradition was finally brought to an end in 2010 when Gautam Sengupta an archaeologist, replaced K.M Srivastava an IAS officer as director general. He
284-433: A gift along with some other places. Later Matli Anantha Raju remodelled the fort as Rock Fort . Later Aurangzeb's commander Mir Jumla II in 1682 along with shah nawaz khan captured Siddavatam along with other places in the region. Later Aarkatu Nawabs occupied the town. In 1714 Abdul Nabi Khan, who was ruling Kadapa conquered Siddavatam. This place was also ruled by Mayana Nawabs for some period. In 1799, it went into
355-401: A major share to the economy. Paddy, Groundnut, Sunflower, Cotton, Betel Leaves, Mango, Papaya, Banana, Lemon and Sweet Orange are the major crops cultivated in the district. As per 2019-20, the gross cropped area in the district is 2,53,458 hectares, out of which 1,14,410 hectares were irrigated. Starting at Sunkesula Dam on Tungabadra river Kurnool - Cuddapa Canal ( K. C. Canal ) flows through
426-592: A period of about ten years known as the "Buck crisis", after the Liberal Edward Buck. In effect, this severely threatened the employment of the employees of the ASI, such as Alois Anton Führer , who had just started a family and become a father. In 1892, Edward Buck announced that the Archaeological Survey of India would be shut down and all ASI staff would be dismissed by 1895, in order to generate savings for
497-585: A place in Kadapa district history; the remnants of a buried Jain temple were found at Danavulapadu village on the banks of the Penna. In the later half of 13th Century, this region was ruled from Vallur by Ambadeva. During his rule, the land survey was carried out. Subsequently, a Kakatiya King Pratapa rudra ruled the district with Warangal as the capital. Jyothi village located in Siddavatam mandal has 108 Shiva lingas on
568-415: A population of 20,60,654, of which 809,290 (39.27%) lived in urban areas. Kadapa district had a sex ratio of 985 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 3,37,860 (16.40%) and 40,994 (2.03%) of the population respectively. Hinduism is the dominant religion with 83.02% followers followed by Islam with 15.40% followers. Languages of Kadapa district based on 2011 Census Based on
639-529: A portmanteau of two words Sidda + vatam. Siddavatam Fort was constructed by Matti Raja, a Tuluva dynasty feudatory chief to the Vijayanagara Empire, in 1303 CE. It lies on the banks of the Pennar River. The fort extends over an area of 30 acres (12 ha). Visitors can view gateways and decorated pillars at the two ends of the fort. Top of the fort has been adorned with carvings of Gajalakshmi . It
710-581: A protégé of James Prinsep , carried out a detailed survey of the Buddhist monuments of his own type to be constructed in the Nepalese tarai which lasted for over half a century. Inspired by early amateur archaeologists like the Italian military officer, Jean-Baptiste Ventura , Cunningham excavated stupas along the width, the length and breadth of India. While Cunningham funded many of his early excavations himself, in
781-486: A supplement to the Indian Antiquary . The post of Director General was permanently suspended in 1889 due to a funds crunch and was not restored until 1902. In the interim period, conservation work in the different areas was carried out by the superintendents of the individual areas. From 1888 started severe lobbying aimed at reducing Government expenses, and at curtailing the budget of the Archaeological Survey of India,
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#1732858646706852-533: Is also a repository of rare books, plates, and original drawings. The Survey additionally maintains a library in each of its circles to cater to local academics and researchers. Mohammed Sanaullah Khan was appointed to the Archaeological Survey of India on 29 June 1917, marking the establishment of the Science Branch. His main responsibilities included preserving and chemically treating artefacts from museums and other artefacts. An Archaeological Chemist then oversaw
923-524: Is assisted by an additional director general, two joint directors general, and 17 directors. The ASI is divided into a total of 34 circles each headed by a Superintending Archaeologist. Each of the circles are further divided into sub-circles. The circles of the ASI are: The ASI also administers three "mini-circles" at Delhi , Leh and Hampi . The Survey has had 32 Directors-General thus far. Its founder, Alexander Cunningham served as Archaeological Surveyor between 1861 and 1865. India's first museum
994-421: Is given below. There are 1 municipal corporation, 5 municipalities, 2 nagar panchayats in the district. ^ upgraded in 2019 The district is covered by Kadapa (fully) and Rajampet (partially) parliamentary constituencies. The assembly constituencies covering the district are given below. Kadapa district is considered to be a bastion of the ruling YSR Congress party. Agriculture contributes
1065-418: Is having 6174.69 KMs of BT roads 727.03 of CC road and 1458.48 KMs of Metal roads. National Highway 40 , National Highway 716 and National Highway 67 pass through the district. The district has broad-gauge railway line of 195.13 km (121.25 mi). There are 14 railway stations covering 7 Mandals. Kadapa , Yerraguntla Junction , Proddatur and Jammalamadugu are the major railway stations from
1136-475: Is noteworthy that the 17 bastions which once used to protect the region are still visible in the fort. The fort houses an ancillary passage which allows the visitors to gain access even after the closure of the main gates. It is considered as the gateway to Dakshina Kashi . The temples and masjid present inside its premise include the Ranganatha Swamy Temple. The fort here was much developed under
1207-478: Is one of the twenty six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . In the 2022 reorganisation of Andhra Pradesh districts, the district boundary was largely restricted to the Kadapa parliamentary constituency area. It is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region. Kadapa is the administrative headquarters for this district. Barytes, limestone, asbestos and uranium are major mineral resources of
1278-566: Is spread over March–May. This is followed by the South-West monsoon during June - September. North East monsoon season is spread over October–November. December–February is the winter or cold season. The average annual rainfall is 572.25 mm. The rainfall generally increases from the North-West to the South-East. October is the month with maximum rainfall. After reorganization,the district had
1349-756: The British Raj who also became its first Director-General. ASI was founded in 1861 by Alexander Cunningham who also became its first Director-General. The first systematic research into the subcontinent's history was conducted by the Asiatic Society , which was founded by the British Indologist Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784. Based in Calcutta , the society promoted the study of ancient Persian texts and published an annual journal titled Asiatic Researches . Notable among its early members
1420-557: The Iron Age site of Arikamedu and the Stone age sites of Brahmagiri , Chandravalli and Maski in South India. Wheeler founded the journal Ancient India in 1946 and presided over the partitioning of ASI's assets during the Partition of India and helped establish an archaeological body for the newly formed Pakistan. Wheeler was succeeded by N. P. Chakravarti in 1948. The National Museum
1491-670: The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , continued to advocate for the preservation of the Archaeological Survey of India, and expressed that what was needed were "new authentic documents" from the pre-Ashokan period, and they would "only be found underground". Another momentous discovery would be made in 1896, with the Lumbini pillar inscription , a major inscription on a pillar of Ashoka discovered by Alois Anton Führer . The inscription, together with other evidence, confirmed Lumbini as
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#17328586467061562-648: The public-private-partnership (PPP) model. In May 2018, the Supreme Court of India said that the ASI was not properly discharging its duty in maintaining the World Heritage Site of Taj Mahal and asked the Government of India to consider whether some other agency be given the responsibility to protect and preserve it. The fictional character Kakababu , in Sunil Gangopadhyay 's famed Kakababu series,
1633-479: The 2011 census, as computed for the revised district boundaries of 2022, 84.66% of the population spoke Telugu and 14.37% Urdu as their first language. The district is divided into 4 revenue divisions: Badvel , Jammalamadugu , Kadapa and Pulivendula , which are further subdivided into a total of 36 mandals , each headed by a sub-collector. The list of 36 mandals in YSR district, divided into 4 revenue divisions,
1704-408: The ASI administers more than 3650 ancient monuments, archaeological sites and remains of national importance. These can include everything from temples, mosques, churches, tombs, and cemeteries to palaces, forts, step-wells, and rock-cut caves. The Survey also maintains ancient mounds and other similar sites which represent the remains of ancient habitation. The ASI is headed by a director general who
1775-460: The ASI did not have reliable information on the exact number of monuments under its protection. The CAG recommended that periodic inspection of each protected monument should be done by a suitably ranked officer. The Culture ministry accepted the proposal. Author and IIPM Director Arindam Chaudhuri said that since the ASI is unable to protect the country's museums and monuments, they should be professionally maintained by private companies or through
1846-786: The Government's budget. It was understood that only a fantastic archaeological discovery within the next three years for example might be able to turn public opinion and save the funding of the ASI. Great "discoveries" were indeed made with the March 1895 discovery of the Nigali Sagar inscription, which succeeded in bringing the "Buck Crisis" to an end, and the ASI was finally allowed in June 1895 to continue operations, subject to yearly approval based on successful digs every year. Georg Bühler , writing in July 1895 in
1917-555: The administration at the time. He was hired in 1807 to investigate historical sites and monuments in what is now Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The first attempt at using the legal system to force the government to become involved when there was a risk to a monument was the Bengal Regulation XIX of 1810. The publication revealed the studies and polls that the society conducted to educate the public about India's ancient treasures. Many antiques and other relics were quickly discovered during
1988-726: The archaeological survey under the aegis of the Ministry of Culture. Ghosh was succeeded by B. B. Lal who conducted archaeological excavations at Ayodhya to investigate whether a Ram Temple preceded the Babri Masjid . During Lal's tenure, the Antiquities and Art Treasures Act (1972) was passed recommending central protection for monuments considered to be "of national importance". Lal was succeeded by M. N. Deshpande who served from 1972 to 1978 and B. K. Thapar who served from 1978 to 1981. On Thapar's retirement in 1981, archaeologist Debala Mitra
2059-497: The bank of the river Penna which are dated to the rule of Kakatiyas. In A.D.1309, Allah-ud-din Khilji defeated PratapaRudra and took over the region. In 1344, the confederation of Hindu kings overthrew the Muslim rule. This led to the formation of Vijayanagar Empire , who ruled the area for two centuries. Gandikota fort located on the bank of the Penna river was the citadel of Pemmasani Nayaks , commanders of Vijayanagar army. After
2130-460: The birthplace of the Buddha. The organization was rocked when Führer was unmasked in 1898, and was found to file fraudulent reports about his investigations. Confronted by Smith about his archaeological publications and his report to the Government, Führer was obliged to admit "that every statement in it [the report] was absolutely false." Under official instructions from the Government of India, Führer
2201-536: The course of its history upto medieval period. Later on it was ruled as part of British East India company. Many paleolithic sites were found in Kadapa district, as the surroundings of Jammalamadugu, Mailavaram Dam and Gandikota. Some megalithic burial sites were explored near Porumamilla, Sankhavaram and at Yellatur village near Kadapa. The surroundings of Vontimitta are also noted as Megalithic cultural sites. Paleolithic rock paintings found at Chintakunta caves near Muddanur in Kadapa district are said to be
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2272-564: The decade 2001–2011 was 10.87%. It has a sex ratio of 984 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.88%. The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the district for FY 2013-14 is ₹ 26,342 crore (US$ 3.2 billion) and contributes 5% to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) . For the FY 2013–14, the per capita income at current prices was ₹ 70,821 (US$ 850). The primary , secondary and tertiary sectors of
2343-476: The director-general of the ASI. Marshall had experience with archeological excavations in Greece and oversaw reforms within the organization that consolidated funding and oversight over the local branches of the ASI. He served as the director-general for a quarter of a century and during his long tenure, he replenished and invigorated the survey whose activities were fast dwindling into insignificance. Marshall established
2414-598: The district contribute ₹ 6,204 crore (US$ 740 million), ₹ 6,935 crore (US$ 830 million) and ₹ 13,203 crore (US$ 1.6 billion) respectively. Kadapa district occupies an area of 11,228 square kilometres (4,335 sq mi). This district is bordered on north by Nandyal district , south by Annamayya district , east by SPS Nellore district and west by Sri Sathya Sai district and Anantapur district . The main rivers in this district are Penna , Kundu , Chitravathi , Papagni , and Sagileru . Vellikonda, Palakonda, Nallamalai, Lankamalai and Yerramalai are
2485-594: The district providing water to 40 km (15 sq mi) of cultivable land. The main source of drinking water to this district is Galeru Nagari Sujala Sravanthi Project Canal. There is one major irrigation project on the river Penna at Mylavaram. There are 4 medium irrigation projects namely Lower Sagileru Project, Upper Sagileru Project, BrahmamSagar Project and Pulivendula Branch Canal. These form several reservoirs such as Brahmamsagar Reservoir, Mylavaram Dam Reservoir, Annamayya Project reservoir and Gandikota Reservoir . Rayalaseema Thermal Power Station with
2556-684: The district under Guntakal railway division . Kadapa Airport is a small airport located north west to Kadapa city. Tirupati Airport is the nearest bigger airport at a distance of 139 Kms from Kadapa city. The district has 2001 Primary Schools, 468 Upper Primary Schools, 683 High Schools, 142 Junior Colleges, 48 Degree Colleges. It also has 120 Polytechnics, Engineering colleges and Govt. Aided Professional & Special Education Colleges. Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) , one Dental college, one Homoeopathic Medical college, one Veterinary college and one IIIT centre at Rajiv Knowledge Valley, Idupulapaya of Vempalle mandal are also present in
2627-407: The district. JNTUA College of Engineering, Pulivendula is one of the government engineering colleges in the district. Yogi Vemana University offers P.G. courses for general education. CP Brown library in Kadapa is famous for its collection of manuscripts collected by CP Brown. Siddavatam (Sidhout) at a distance of 25 Km Kadapa town is famous for its fort and temples. Matli Maharajas built
2698-768: The district. Fertile black clay soil occupies 23.7% area. Barytes, Lime Stone and Asbestos are the major minerals. Napa slabs, road metal, building stone, marble, are also found in the district. Limestone is available in Yerraguntla. National Mineral Development Corporation is extracting asbestos in Brahman palli and barytes in Mangampet. Kadapa is also famous for its stone called "kadapa stone" used in building construction and for slabs especially in south India. In Tummalapalle, there are 49,000 tonnes of confirmed uranium deposits which are mined and processed locally. The summer season
2769-505: The district. The district is home to many religious and historic places of interest. Kodandarama Temple at Vontimetta, Chennakesava temple of Pushpagiri , Siddavatam Fort and Gandikota gorge are some of the famous places. The old records of the district reveal that Kadapa was previously called Gadapa which translated in Telugu to threshold . The ancient village of Kadapa with its large tank and temple of Lord Venkateswara at Devuni Kadapa
2840-528: The district. This region was transferred to Nizam by the treaties of Mysore and Srirangapatnam . Nizam of Hyderabad ceded it to the British in 1800, and in 1808 it was divided to form Kadapa (spelt Cuddapah by the British) and Bellary districts. Munro was appointed as principal Collector over the ceded districts. Munro subjugated over 80 Palegars, instituted revenue collection system through which he secured
2911-566: The establishment of a laboratory at the Indian Museum in Calcutta, which was later moved to Dehradun in 1921–1922. The scope and activities of the Science Branch greatly expanded along with the survey's expansion and shortly after Independence. These included doing in-depth study, treating monuments, analysing material remnants, determining the reasons behind deterioration, and taking corrective action for chemical conservation. The day-to-day work of
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2982-604: The fall of Vijayanagar kingdom, this region came under the rule of Qutub shahis, who later became part of Mughal empire. As part of Qutub Shahi rule, Riza Quli Beg under the title of Nek naam Khan and his successors ruled the region with certain degree of autonomy. Later Abdul Nabi Khan was appointed as the governor of the district in the year 1714. The Marathas invaded and defeated the nawabs of Kurnool and Kadapa in 1740. Hyder Ali took over Gurramkonda and Kadapa from Marathas in 1760. He appointed his brother-in-law Mir Saheb in Kadapa district. Thus Mir Saheb became son first ruler of
3053-533: The finances. The district headquarters were situated in Siddavatam but moved to Kadapa in 1812. On April 4, 2022, Annamayya district was formed from the parts of erstwhile YSR Kadapa district and others. As of 2011 census , Kadapa district has a population of 2,884,524. This gives it a ranking of 132 in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 188 inhabitants per square kilometre (490/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over
3124-562: The first Archaeological Surveyor. The survey was suspended briefly between 1865 and 1871 due to lack of funds but restored by Lord Lawrence the then Viceroy of India . In 1871, the Survey was revived as a separate department and Cunningham was appointed as its first Director-General. Cunningham retired in 1885 and was succeeded as Director General by James Burgess . Burgess launched a yearly journal The Indian Antiquary (1872) and an annual epigraphical publication Epigraphia Indica (1882) as
3195-422: The fort in A.D.1303. Hyder Ali destroyed it in 1770. The fort is spread over an area of 30 acres and has 17 bastions. It is called the southern gate way of Srisailam . Brahmamgari Matham (B. Mattam), is the place where SreeVeerabrahmendra Swamy, a 17th century saint and clairvoyant entered Jeevasamadhi. The annual prayer festival is held for 6 days in the month of Vysakha. Kodandarama Temple dedicated to
3266-509: The god Rama , is located in Vontimitta . The temple is built in Vijayanagara architectural style and is dated to the 16th century. This inspired Pothana to compose Andhra Maha Bhagavatham. It is located at a distance of 25 kilometres (16 mi) from Kadapa . Some of the other tourist attractions are Chennakesava temple of Pushpagiri , Madhavaraya temple at Gandikota . Gandikota gorge
3337-520: The hands of British East India Company . From 1807 to 1812 Siddavatam was the district headquarters. However, since it is on the bank of river Penna, every time there was a flood, the place was marooned from other places of the district giving rise to administerial difficulties and subsequently the district headquarters was shifted to Kadapa. Siddavatam has a tropical climate as is the encompassing region of Rayalaseema . The summers have temperatures ranging between 37°C and 45°C and normally occurs between
3408-399: The headquarters of the district briefly. Currently the city of Cuddapah serves as the headquarters and Siddavatam was reduced to a Mandal in the district. Siddhavattam is located at 14°28′00″N 78°58′11″E / 14.4667°N 78.9698°E / 14.4667; 78.9698 . It has an average elevation of 111 meters (354 feet). It is located on the left bank of river Penna on
3479-450: The individual archaeological departments of these states were not integrated with the ASI. Instead, they were allowed to function as independent bodies. In 2013, a Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) report found that at least 92 centrally protected monuments of historical importance across the country had gone missing without a trace. The CAG could physically verify only 45% of the structures (1,655 out of 3,678). The CAG report said that
3550-616: The interior areas of Nallamalas, Lankamalas, Palakonda-Seshachalam and Velikonda forests. mungoose, jackal, fox, wolves, wild dogs, bear, the Malabar squirrel, porcupine, the Indian antelope, Indian gazelle, Blue bull, sambar, deer and wild pigs are also found in the forests. Grey partridge known as Kamju, the quail, the Jungle fowl, the dove, pigeon and wild goose are the other common birds found in this district. Red ferruginous and Black soils are common in
3621-401: The long run, he realised the need for a permanent body to oversee archaeological excavations and the conservation of Indian monuments and used his stature and influence in India to lobby for an archaeological survey. While his attempt in 1848 did not meet with success, the Archaeological Survey of India was eventually formed in 1861 by a statute passed into law by Lord Canning with Cunningham as
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#17328586467063692-458: The major hill ranges in the district. The forests of Kadapa comprise fuel forests up to an elevation of 800 feet, red sanders lying between the elevation of 800 feet and 2,000 feet and Shorea Eugenia at elevations of more than 2,000 feet. The district has a forest cover of 28.49%. The Bonnet monkey (Macaca Radiata) also known as the Madras Langur is common. Tiger and Panther can be seen in
3763-427: The months of April and July. During monsoons the climate starts to cool down and the river swells up during the rains which could sometimes be very hazardous especially during the torrential rains in the months of August to October. The months between September and March are relatively cool, January being the coolest with a temperature averaging at 18°C. The fort built here attracts many tourists. This popular fort
3834-515: The ongoing fieldwork, and in 1814 they were placed in a museum. Subsequently, comparable organisations were founded in Madras, Chennai, in 1818, and Bombay, Mumbai, in 1804. However, the most important of the society's achievements was the decipherment of the Brahmi script by James Prinsep in 1837. This successful decipherment inaugurated the asset. Armed with the knowledge of Brahmi, Alexander Cunningham ,
3905-526: The post of Government epigraphist and encouraged epigraphical studies. In 1913, he began the excavations at Taxila , which lasted for 21 years. The most significant event of his tenure was, however, the discovery of the Indus Valley civilization at Harappa and Mohenjodaro in 1921. The success and scale of the discoveries made ensured that the progress made in Marshall's tenure would remain unmatched. Marshall
3976-458: The route to Badvel from Kadapa at a distance of about 25 km. It was said that this place used to be inhabited by people who wanted to meditate in the sereneness of climate and had a thick canopy of Indian Banyan trees which served as shades for them. In Sanskrit, Sidda means people who perform meditation and vata is the Indian Banyan tree. Hence, the name Siddavatam is said to be
4047-410: The rule of king Varadha Raju , who is the son-in-law of Sri Krishna Deva Raya . This fort was just a mud fort at the time the area was ruled by " Matli Rajulu ". Later it came under the control of Varadha Raju. Earlier it was a part of Udayagiri Kingdom . Matli Yellama Raju used to support the second Venkatapathi Rayalu in many wars. For this favour, Siddavatam was given to Matli Yellama Raju as
4118-595: The second largest group of paintings in India after Bhimbetika rock art paintings. The rock paintings with mystic figures are also found at Dappalle village near Mylavaram Dam in Jammalamadugu Taluk of the district. This region was ruled by the Mauryan Empire and the Satavahana Empire (Andhras) . Buddhism flourished for many years along the banks of the rivers Cheyyeru and Penna . Jainism also had
4189-598: The sites that their inventories are associated with "so that they may be studied amid their natural surroundings and not lose focus by being transported". A dedicated Museums Branch was established in 1946 by Mortimer Wheeler, which now maintains a total of 50 museums spread across the country. The ASI maintains a Central Archaeological Library in the Archaeological Survey of India headquarters building in Tilak Marg, Mandi House, New Delhi. Established in 1902, its collection numbers more than 100,000 books and journals. The library
4260-450: The survey was published in a series of periodical bulletins and reports. The periodicals and archaeological series published by the ASI are: Apart from the ASI, archaeological work in India and conservation of monuments is also carried out in some states by state government archaeological departments. Most of these bodies were set up by the various princely states before independence. When these states were annexed to India after independence,
4331-456: Was Charles Wilkins who published the first English translation of the Bhagavad Gita in 1785 with the patronage of the then Governor-General of Bengal , Warren Hastings . Jones initiative resulted in the publication of Asiatick Researches , a monthly that was launched in 1788. The Marquis of Wellesley's 1800 nomination of Francis Buchanan to survey Mysore was a wise move on the part of
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#17328586467064402-625: Was a convenient camping place for the myriads of pilgrims travelling to the holy shrine of Tirupati . On 19 August 2005, the nomenclature of "Cuddapah" was changed to "Kadapa" by the Government of A.P. It was renamed as Y.S.R District during the year 2010, in honour of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy , the former chief minister of United Andhra Pradesh . This region was part of Maurya empire , Satavahana dynasty , Chola dynasty , Pallava dynasty , Pandya dynasty , Bana kingdom , Rashtrakuta dynasty , Kakatiya dynasty , Vijayanagara empire , Maratha empire , kingdom of Mysore and Carnatic Sultanate during
4473-575: Was again succeeded by Pravin Srivastava, another IAS officer. Srivastava's successor incumbent, Rakesh Tiwari was also a professional archaeologist. His successor Usha Sharma was also an IAS officer and her successor V Vidyavathi who is the present DG of ASI is also an IAS officer. The Archaeological Survey of India is an attached office of the Ministry of Culture . Under the provisions of the AMASR Act of 1958,
4544-470: Was appointed to succeed him - she was the first woman Director General of the ASI. Mitra was succeeded by M. S. Nagaraja Rao , who had been transferred from the Karnataka State Department of Archaeology . Archaeologists J. P. Joshi and M. C. Joshi succeeded Rao. M. C. Joshi was the director general when the Babri Masjid was demolished in 1992 triggering Hindu-Muslim violence all over India. As
4615-639: Was established by the Asiatic Society in Calcutta (now Kolkata ) in 1814. Much of its collection was passed on to the Indian Museum , which was established in the city in 1866. The Archaeological Survey did not maintain its own museums until the tenure of its third director-general, John Marshall. He initiated the establishment of various museums at Sarnath (1904), Agra (1906), Ajmer (1908), Delhi Fort (1909), Bijapur (1912), Nalanda (1917) and Sanchi (1919). The ASI's museums are customarily located right next to
4686-466: Was formed in the Erramala range of hills. The river Penna flows in the gorge with a width of 100 m. Archaeological Survey of India The Archaeological Survey of India ( ASI ) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexander Cunningham during
4757-590: Was inaugurated in New Delhi on 15 August 1949 to house the artifacts displayed at the Indian Exhibition in the United Kingdom. Madho Sarup Vats and Amalananda Ghosh succeeded Chakravarti. Ghosh's tenure which lasted until 1968 is noted for the excavations of Indus Valley sites at Kalibangan , Lothal and Dholavira . The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act was passed in 1958 bringing
4828-468: Was relieved of his positions, his papers seized and his offices inspected by Vincent Arthur Smith on 22 September 1898. Führer had written in 1897 a monograph on his discoveries in Nigali Sagar and Lumbini, Monograph on Buddha Sakyamuni's birth-place in the Nepalese tarai , which was withdrawn from circulation by the Government. Führer was dismissed and returned to Europe. The post of Director General
4899-445: Was restored by Viceroy and Governor-General Lord Curzon in 1902. In a speech given to the Asiatic Society on 26 February 1901, he stated that he 'regarded the conservation of ancient monuments as one of the primary obligations of Government’. The Ancient Monuments Preservation Act was passed in 1904 during his tenure as viceroy. Breaking with tradition, Curzon appointed 26-year-old Cambridge -trained archeologist John Marshall as
4970-413: Was succeeded by Harold Hargreaves in 1928. Hargreaves was succeeded by Daya Ram Sahni . Sahni was succeeded by J. F. Blakiston and K. N. Dikshit both of whom had participated in the excavations at Harappa and Mohenjodaro. In 1944, a British archaeologist and army officer, Mortimer Wheeler took over as Director General. Wheeler served as Director General till 1948 and during this period he excavated
5041-541: Was taken under control by Archaeological Survey of India in 1956. Not only fort, this place is also famous for many temples. Among these are Ranganatha Swamy temple, Jyoti Siddavateswara Swamy temple, Panchalingala and others. There is also a 16 pillar Mantapam built in the name of Bhakara Panthulu, who also lends his name to the nearby hamlet of Bhakarapeta. Bhakara Pantulu seems to be the corrupted form for Bhaskara Pantulu. Kadapa district Kadapa district (officially: YSR district ; formerly: Cuddapah district )
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