120-566: FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster . Located in Thurles , County Tipperary , it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park ), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple , the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906 and 1908. The stadium
240-403: A naming rights agreement which provided for the stadium to be referred to as "FBD Semple Stadium". Hurling Hurling ( Irish : iománaíocht , iomáint ) is an outdoor team game of ancient Gaelic Irish origin, played by men and women (camogie for women). One of Ireland's native Gaelic games , it shares a number of features with Gaelic football , such as the field and goals,
360-409: A "third time in the hand", where a player catches the ball for a third time in succession after soloing or an illegal pick up of the ball. Such decisions can only be made at the discretion of the referee. Blunt injury to the larynx is an infrequent consequence of contact sports despite protective equipment and stringent rules. Hurling, one of the two national sporting games of Ireland, is seen as one of
480-554: A code of rules for all clubs in the union and to foster that manly and noble game of hurling in this, its native country". The founding of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 1884 in Hayes Hotel, Thurles, County Tipperary, ended decline by organising the game around a common set of written rules. In 1888, Tipperary represented by Thurles Blues beat Meelick of Galway to win the first All-Ireland Championship. However,
600-416: A few degrees between the airport and the rest of the city. There are also smaller synoptic weather stations at UCC and Clover Hill. Due to its position on the coast, Cork city is subject to occasional flooding. Temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) or above 25 °C (77 °F) are rare. Cork Airport records an average of 1,239.2 millimetres (48.79 in) of precipitation annually, most of which
720-420: A goalkeeper, three full backs, three half backs, two midfielders, three half forwards and three full forwards (see diagram). The panel is made up of 24–30 players and five substitutions are allowed per game. An exception can now be made in the case of a blood substitute being necessary. Blood substitutes are a result of one player needing medical treatment for a laceration, usually stitches, and another coming on as
840-423: A hurley in their hand, must wear a helmet and faceguard at all times. Match officials will be obliged to stop play if any player at any level appears on the field of play without the necessary standard of equipment. Senior inter-county matches last 70 minutes (35 minutes per half). All other matches last 60 minutes (30 minutes per half). For teams under-13 and lower, games may be shortened to 50 minutes. Timekeeping
960-588: A longer All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship . Pay-for-play remains controversial and the Gaelic Players Association continues to grow in strength. The inauguration of the Christy Ring Cup and Nicky Rackard Cup gave new championships and an opportunity to play in Croke Park to the weaker county teams. Further dissemination of the championship structure was completed in 2009 with the addition of
1080-480: A mainstream sport, especially Joe Maher, a leading expert at the sport in Boston . The Milwaukee Hurling Club , with 300 members, is the largest Hurling club in the world outside Ireland, and is made of all Americans and very few Irish immigrants. The St. Louis Gaelic Athletic Club was established in 2002 and has expanded its organization to an eight team hurling league in the spring and six team Gaelic football league in
1200-461: A mix of modern shopping centres and family-owned local shops. Shopping centres can be found in several of Cork's suburbs, including Blackpool , Ballincollig , Douglas , Ballyvolane , Wilton and at Mahon Point Shopping Centre . Other shopping arcades are in the city centre, including the "Cornmarket Centre" on Cornmarket Street, "Merchant's Quay Shopping Centre" on Merchant's Quay, home to Debenhams , Dunnes Stores and Marks & Spencer , and
1320-683: A new corridor leading to a new VIP enclosure area in the Kinnane stand. The estimated cost of the project is €5 million. The planning application for the development was lodged with Tipperary County Council in April 2019. The planning application included reconfiguration of the seating area and modifications to the ground floor, including turnstiles, the construction of a new exit gate, and three service cores providing access to upper floor levels, which would include wheelchair-accessible turnstiles. Wilson Architecture in Cork
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#17328560003851440-417: A point (wave white flag), or a goal (wave green flag). Contrary to popular belief within the association, all officials are not obliged to indicate "any misdemeanours" to the referee, but are in fact permitted to inform the referee only of violent conduct they have witnessed which has occurred without the referee's knowledge. A linesman or umpire is not permitted to inform the referee of technical fouls such as
1560-608: A portion of the old city wall) and the Marina and Atlantic Pond (an avenue and amenity near Blackrock used by joggers, runners and rowing clubs). Up until April 2009, there were also two large commercial breweries in the city. The Beamish and Crawford on South Main Street closed in April 2009 and transferred production to the Murphy's brewery in Lady's Well. This brewery also produces Heineken for
1680-555: A residential housing complex called Atkins Hall, after its architect William Atkins . Cork's most famous building is the church tower of St Anne in Shandon, which dominates the Northside of the city. It is widely regarded as the symbol of the city. The North and East sides are faced in red sandstone, and the West and South sides are clad in the predominant stone of the region, white limestone. At
1800-447: A retail street called Opera Lane off St. Patrick's Street/Academy Street. A mixed retail and office development, on the site of the former Capitol Cineplex, with approximately 60,000 square feet (5,600 m ) of retail space, was opened in June 2017. Retail tenants in this development include Facebook, AlienVault and Huawei . Cork's main shopping street is St. Patrick's Street and is
1920-414: A score consisting of at least one goal and one point is read as simply the two numbers, so Wexford's 1–13 is read "one thirteen"; the words "goals" and "points" invariably omitted. Goals are never "converted" into points; it is incorrect to describe a score of 1–13 as "sixteen". 2–0 would be referred to as "two goals", never "two zero". Likewise, 0–10 would be referred to as "ten points", never "zero ten". 0–0
2040-558: A temporary licensed citywide community station 'Cork City Community Radio' on 100.5FM, which is on-air on Saturdays, Sundays and Mondays only. Cork has also been home to pirate radio stations, including South Coast Radio and ERI in the 1980s. Today some small pirate stations remain. Cork is home to one of Ireland's main national newspapers, the Irish Examiner (formerly the Cork Examiner ). Its ''sister paper'', The Echo (formerly
2160-502: A temporary replacement while the injured player is tended to. From 1 January 2010, the wearing of helmets with faceguards became compulsory for hurlers at all levels. This saw senior players follow the regulations already introduced in 2009 at minor and under 21 grades. The GAA hopes to significantly reduce the number of injuries by introducing the compulsory wearing of helmets with full faceguards, both in training and matches. Hurlers of all ages, including those at nursery clubs when holding
2280-526: A throughput of new blood, as do the theatre components of several courses at University College Cork (UCC). Important elements in the cultural life of the city include: Corcadorca Theatre Company , of which Cillian Murphy was a troupe member prior to Hollywood fame; the Institute for Choreography and Dance, a national contemporary dance resource; the Triskel Arts Centre (capacity c.90), which includes
2400-570: A tour of Ireland, where they played against the County teams from Kilkenny , Tipperary , Limerick , Dublin and Wexford .Traditionally, hurling was a game played by Irish immigrants and discarded by their children. Many American hurling teams took to raising money to import players directly from Ireland. In recent years, this has changed considerably with the advent of the Internet and increased travel. The Barley House Wolves hurling team from New Hampshire
2520-610: Is a fixture of life in many parts of Ireland. Hurling has some popularity among members of the Irish diaspora in North America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Dubai and Argentina. It has featured regularly in art forms such as film, music and literature . The final of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was listed in second place by CNN in its "10 sporting events you have to see live", after
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#17328560003852640-528: Is a landmark statue of Father Mathew . The reason for its curved shape is that it was originally a channel of the River Lee which was built over arches. The General Post Office, with its limestone façade, is on Oliver Plunkett Street , on the site of the Theatre Royal which was built in 1760 and burned down in 1840. The English circus proprietor Pablo Fanque rebuilt an amphitheatre on the spot in 1850, which
2760-478: Is also a generally foggy city, with an average of 97.8 days of fog a year, most common during mornings and winter. Despite this, however, Cork is also one of Ireland's sunniest cities, with an average of 4.04 hours of sunshine every day and only having 63.7 days where there is no "recordable sunshine", mostly during and around winter. The Cork School of Music and the Crawford College of Art and Design provide
2880-510: Is at the discretion of the referee who adds on stoppage time at the end of each half. In 2020, water breaks were brought in after the first 15 minutes in each half. There are various solutions for knockout games that end in a draw, such as a replay, or what the rules refer to as "Winner on the Day" measures such as extra time (20 minutes), further extra time (10 more minutes), or a shoot-out. The application and details of these measures vary according to
3000-427: Is chosen in a vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count. Since June 2023, the mayor has been Kieran McCarthy. Cork City Hall is located along Albert Quay on the south side of the city. It officially opened on 8 September 1936, following the previous building being destroyed in the " Burning of Cork " in 1920. The administrative offices for Cork County Council are also located within
3120-554: Is frequently referred to as "The Golden Age of Hurling". This was when members of the Anglo-Irish landed gentry kept teams of players on their estates and challenged each other's teams to matches for the amusement of their tenants. One of the first modern attempts to standardise the game with a formal, written set of rules came with the foundation of the Irish Hurling Union at Trinity College Dublin in 1879. It aimed "to draw up
3240-413: Is home to some of the country's leading department stores with the foundations of shops such as Dunnes Stores and the former Roches Stores being laid in the city. Cork City is a hub of industry in the region. Several pharmaceutical companies have invested heavily in the area, including American companies Pfizer , Johnson & Johnson and Swiss company Novartis . Perhaps the most famous product of
3360-590: Is known to many, have a second level created over the concourse at the back of the stand. The half nearest the Killinan End terrace will be dedicated to players and will include a full-sized gym, physio room, stats/analysis room plus changing rooms and toilet facilities. The other half, towards the Sarsfields Centre side, would include a function room to accommodate up to 250 people, with adjoining bar and kitchen facility for catering. The development will also include
3480-677: Is noted in Continental Europe, Australia, and North America. Irish immigrants began arriving in Argentina in the 19th century. The earliest reference to hurling in Argentina dates from the late 1880s in Mercedes, Buenos Aires . However, the game was not actively promoted until 1900, when it came to the attention of author and newspaperman William Bulfin . Under Bulfin's patronage, the Hurling Club
3600-417: Is possibly the more famous of the two. It is built on the foundations of an earlier cathedral. Work began in 1862 and ended in 1879 under the direction of architect William Burges . St. Patrick's Street , the main street of the city which was remodelled in the mid-2000s is known for the architecture of the buildings along its pedestrian-friendly route and is the main shopping thoroughfare. At its northern end
3720-489: Is rain. The airport records an average of 6.5 days of hail and 9.5 days of snow or sleet a year; though it only records lying snow for 2 days of the year. The low altitude of the city, and moderating influences of the harbour, mean that lying snow very rarely occurs in the city itself. At Cork airport, there are on average 218 "rainy" days a year (over 0.2 millimetres (0.008 in) of rainfall), of which there are 80 days with "heavy rain" (over 5 millimetres (0.2 in)). Cork
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3840-459: Is said "no score". So the Wexford/Limerick match score would be read as "Wexford one thirteen, Limerick fourteen points". Players may be tackled but not struck by a one-handed slash of the stick; exceptions are two-handed jabs and strikes. Jersey-pulling, wrestling, pushing, and tripping are all forbidden. There are several forms of acceptable tackling, the most popular being: A hurling match
3960-411: Is scored, and a green flag is raised by an umpire. A goal must be scored by either a striking motion or by directly soloing the ball into the net. The goal is guarded by a goalkeeper. Scores are recorded in the format {goal total} – {point total}. For example, the 1996 All-Ireland final finished: Wexford 1–13 Limerick 0–14. Thus Wexford won by two points (1–13 being worth sixteen points). In speech,
4080-465: Is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions. The main or 'Old Stand' of the ground (also known as the 'Ardán Ó Coinneáin' or 'Dr Kinane Stand' named after Jeremiah Kinane ) lies across from the 'New Stand' (also known as the 'Ardán Ó Riáin') both of which are covered. Behind the goals are two uncovered terraces known as
4200-530: Is the only non-Irish team to have won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (having captured the title in 1901 ), and after winning the 2012 Christy Ring Cup gained the right to contest the Liam MacCarthy Cup in 2013. The first ever hurling game played in the Scottish Highlands was played at Easter 2012 between CLG Micheal Breathnach and Fir Uladh, an Ulster select of Gaeiligoiri, as part of
4320-409: Is watched over by eight officials: The referee is responsible for starting and stopping play, recording the score, awarding frees, noting infractions, and issuing yellow (caution) and red (sending off) penalty cards to players after offences. A second yellow card at the same game leads to a red card, and therefore to a dismissal. Linesmen are responsible for indicating the direction of line balls to
4440-630: The Táin Bó Cuailnge (drawing on earlier legends) describes the hero Cúchulainn playing hurling at Emain Macha . Similar tales are told about Fionn Mac Cumhail and the Fianna , his legendary warrior band. Recorded references to hurling appear in many places such as the fourteenth century Statutes of Kilkenny and a fifteenth-century grave slab surviving in Inishowen , County Donegal . The eighteenth century
4560-492: The 2019 Cork City Council election , the political representation is: Fianna Fáil (8 members), Fine Gael (7 members), Green Party (4 members), Sinn Féin (4 members), Labour (1 member), People Before Profit–Solidarity (1 member), Workers' Party (1 member), Independents (5 members). Certain councillors are co-opted to represent the city at the South-West Regional Authority . A new Lord Mayor of Cork
4680-694: The 2020 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final that hurling was "the best sport ever and if the Irish had colonised the world, nobody would ever have heard of football ". UNESCO lists hurling as an element of intangible cultural heritage . A hurling pitch is similar in some respects to a rugby pitch but larger. The grass pitch is rectangular, stretching 130–145 metres (140–160 yards) long and 80–90 m (90–100 yd) wide. There are H -shaped goalposts at each end, formed by two posts, which are usually 6–7 metres (20–23 feet) high, set 6.5 m (21 ft) apart, and connected 2.5 m (8.2 ft) above
4800-616: The Evening Echo ), was for decades connected to the "Echo boys", who were poor and often homeless children who sold the newspaper. Today, the shouts of the vendors selling The Echo can still be heard in parts of the city centre. One of the biggest free newspapers in the city is the Cork Independent . The city's university publishes the UCC Express and Motley magazine. Cork features architecturally notable buildings originating from
4920-675: The Georgian style , although there are a number of examples of modern landmark structures, such as County Hall tower, which was, at one time the tallest building in Ireland until being superseded by another Cork building: The Elysian . Outside the County Hall is the landmark sculpture of two men, known locally as 'Cha and Miah' . Across the river from County Hall is Ireland's longest building; built in Victorian times, Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital has now been partially renovated and converted into
Semple Stadium - Misplaced Pages Continue
5040-626: The Irish Parliamentary Party , but from 1910 stood firmly behind William O'Brien 's dissident All-for-Ireland Party . O'Brien published a third local newspaper, the Cork Free Press . Cork was overtaken by Belfast as Ireland's second-largest city in the nineteenth century. In the War of Independence , the centre of Cork was burnt down by the British Black and Tans , in an event known as
5160-692: The Lory Meagher Cup to make it a four tier championship. Hurling was an unofficial sport at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri , in the United States. In the final, Fenian F.C. (Chicago) USA beat Innisfails (St. Louis). This was the only time hurling was in the Olympics . Although many hurling clubs exist worldwide, only Ireland has a national team (although it includes only players from weaker counties in order to ensure matches are competitive). It and
5280-684: The Olympic Games and ahead of both the FIFA World Cup and UEFA European Championship . After covering the 1959 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final between Kilkenny and Waterford for BBC Television , English football commentator Kenneth Wolstenholme was moved to describe hurling as his second favourite sport in the world. Alex Ferguson used footage of an All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final in an attempt to motivate his players during his time as manager of Premier League football club Manchester United . The players winced at
5400-691: The Taoiseach (Prime Minister) at the time, Éamon de Valera . South African hurling continued to prosper until the outbreak of the Second World War , which caused immigration from Ireland to cease and made it impossible to import equipment. Games of hurling and Gaelic football were occasionally sponsored by the Christian Brothers schools in Boksburg and Pretoria well into the 1950s. Both games have all but ceased to be played. References to hurling on
5520-746: The Triskel Christchurch independent cinema; dance venue the Firkin Crane (capacity c.240); the Cork Academy of Dramatic Art (CADA), Montfort College of Performing Arts , and Graffiti Theatre Company; and the Cork Jazz Festival , Cork Film Festival and Live at the Marquee events. The Everyman Palace Theatre (capacity c.650) and the Granary Theatre (capacity c.150) both host plays throughout
5640-568: The Women's Gaol at Sunday's Well (now a heritage centre) and the English Market . This covered market traces its origins back to 1610, and the present building dates from 1786. Parks and amenity spaces include Fitzgerald's Park to the west of the city (which contains the Cork Public Museum ), the angling lake known as The Lough , Bishop Lucey Park (which is centrally located and contains
5760-404: The province of Munster and third largest on the island of Ireland . At the 2022 census , it had a population of 224,004. The city centre is an island between two channels of the River Lee which meet downstream at its eastern end, where the quays and docks along the river lead outwards towards Lough Mahon and Cork Harbour , one of the largest natural harbours in the world. Cork
5880-421: The sliotar between the opposition's goal posts. The posts, which are at each end of the field, are H posts as in rugby football but with a net under the crossbar as in football. The posts are 6.4 m apart and the crossbar is 2.44 m above the ground. If the ball goes over the crossbar, a point is scored and a white flag is raised by an umpire. If the ball goes below the crossbar, a goal , worth three points,
6000-616: The " Burning of Cork " and saw fierce fighting between Irish guerrillas and UK forces. During the Irish Civil War , Cork was for a time held by anti- Treaty forces, until it was retaken by the pro-Treaty National Army in an attack from the sea . The boundary was expanded in 1840, in 1955 and in 1965. In 2018, cabinet approval was given for a further extension of the Cork City boundary, to include Cork Airport , Douglas , Ballincollig and other surrounding areas. Legislation to expand
6120-468: The 'Town End' (also known as the 'Davin Terrace') and the 'Killinan End' (also known as the 'Maher Terrace') respectively. Currently the stadium has a capacity of 45,690 of which 24,000 are seated. The sports hall accommodates a full-sized basketball court suitable for national standard competition. The hall is also lined for badminton, volleyball, and indoor soccer. It is used in the evenings and weekends by
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#17328560003856240-535: The 1850s refer to occasional matches played in San Francisco, Hoboken and New York City. The first game of hurling played under GAA rules outside Ireland was played on Boston Common in June 1886. In 1888, there was an American tour by fifty Gaelic athletes from Ireland, known as the 'American Invasion'. This created enough interest among Irish Americans to lay the groundwork for the North American GAA . By
6360-701: The 1920s led to the foundation of the Transvaal Hurling Association in Johannesburg in 1928. Games were traditionally played in a pitch on the site of the modern day Johannesburg Central Railway Station every Easter Sunday after Mass . In 1932, a South African hurling team sailed to Ireland to compete in the Tailteann Games , where they carried a banner donated by a convent of Irish nuns in Cape Town . On their arrival, they were personally received by
6480-510: The 1930s as a gesture of reconciliation. Other notable places include Elizabeth Fort , the Cork Opera House , Christ Church on South Main Street (now the Triskel Arts Centre and the original site of early Hiberno-Norse church), and St Mary's Dominican Church on Popes Quay. Other popular tourist attractions include the grounds of University College Cork , through which the River Lee flows,
6600-560: The 1990s at the Féile festivals. Named as Tipp Classical, it will return in September 2019. Semple Stadium is a five-minute walk from Thurles railway station . The station is on the Dublin to Cork main rail line with connections to Limerick and Tralee lines. Irish Rail operates 'GAA Specials' to the station on the date of certain matches at Semple stadium. In 2022, FBD Insurance entered into
6720-721: The Celts. The earliest written references to the sport in Brehon law date from the 5th century. Seamus King's book A History of Hurling references oral history going back as far as 1200 BCE of the game being played in Tara , County Meath. Hurling is related to the games of shinty that is played primarily in Scotland, cammag on the Isle of Man and bando which was played formerly in England and Wales. The tale of
6840-420: The Cork pharmaceutical industry is Viagra . Cork is also the European headquarters of Apple Inc. where over 3,000 staff are involved in manufacturing, R&D and customer support. Logitech and EMC Corporation are also important IT employers in the area. Three hospitals are also among the top ten employers in the city. The city is also home to the Heineken Brewery that brews Murphy's Irish Stout and
6960-518: The Hurling Festival within The Gathering events organised by Aer Lingus . This team was present in September 2013 in the city of Galway . The team consists of 21 players from Hockey and Rugby teams. Many have contributed to the return of hurling as an activity in the club. As an example we can name Alejandro Yoyo Wade, Johnny Wade, Barbie, Cecilia and Irene Scally, David Ganly, Dickie Mac Allister, Eduardo Cabrera Punter, Hernan Magrini Scally. Several Irish have participated in many opportunities to work with
7080-427: The Iomain Cholmcille festival, na Breathnaich coming out victorious. Wales has its own club, St. Colmcilles in Cardiff. Soldiers who served in the Irish Brigade during the Anglo-Boer War are believed to have played the game on the veldt . Immigrants from County Wicklow who had arrived to work in the explosives factory in Umbogintwini , KwaZulu-Natal formed a team c. 1915–16. A major burst of immigration in
7200-415: The Irish market. There is also the Franciscan Well brewery, which started as an independent brewery in 1998 but has since been acquired by Coors. With a population of over 222,000 Cork is the second-most populous city in the State and the 16th-most populous local government area. Under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 , it was made a county borough, governed by a county borough corporation. This
7320-467: The Marina Market is an indoor, open-air space in which food vendors operate, and also incorporates an events space. The Cork accent, part of the Southwest dialect of Hiberno-English , displays various features which set it apart from other accents in Ireland. Patterns of tone and intonation often rise and fall, with the overall tone tending to be more high-pitched than other Irish accents. English spoken in Cork has several dialect words that are peculiar to
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#17328560003857440-438: The Medieval to Modern periods. The only notable remnant of the Medieval era is the Red Abbey . There are two cathedrals in the city; St. Mary's Cathedral and Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral . St Mary's Cathedral, often referred to as the North Cathedral, is the Catholic cathedral of the city and was begun in 1808. Its distinctive tower was added in the 1860s. St Fin Barre's Cathedral serves the Church of Ireland ( Anglican ) and
7560-445: The Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin . Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords extorted "Black Rent" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city. The present extent of the city has exceeded the medieval boundaries of the Barony of Cork City ; it now takes in much of
7680-409: The North American continent date from the 1780s in modern-day Canada concerning immigrants from County Waterford and County Kilkenny , and also, in New York City. After the end of the American Revolution , references to hurling cease in American newspapers until the aftermath of the Great Famine when Irish people moved to America in huge numbers, bringing the game with them. Newspaper reports from
7800-422: The Scotland shinty team have played for many years with modified match rules (as with International Rules Football ). The match is the only such international competition. However, competition at club level has been going on around the world since the late nineteenth century thanks to emigration from Ireland, and the strength of the game has ebbed and flowed along with emigration trends. Nowadays, growth in hurling
7920-467: The Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906 and 1908. The Ardán Ó Riáin opposite the Kinane Stand and the terracing at the town end of the field were completed in 1981 at a cost of £500,000. This development and the terracing at the Killinan end of the field were part of a major improvement scheme for the celebration of the centenary All-Ireland Hurling Final between Cork and Offaly in 1984. Dublin v Kerry in
8040-413: The Tipperary hurling and football teams for training and on match days, the building is used to accommodate GAA and sponsor guests for corporate lunches and functions. It has also been used as a music venue. In July 2018 Tipperary County Board prepared to submit plans to Tipperary County Council to see the Kinane stand redeveloped into a multi-purpose facility. The proposal would see the "Old Stand" as it
8160-439: The arts infrastructure include modern additions to the Crawford Municipal Art Gallery and renovations to the Cork Opera House in the early 21st century. The Lewis Glucksman Gallery opened in the Autumn of 2004 at UCC, was nominated for the Stirling Prize in the United Kingdom, and the building of a new €60 million School of Music was completed in September 2007. Cork was the European Capital of Culture for 2005, and in 2009
8280-410: The ball for more than four steps has to bounce or balance the sliotar on the end of the stick (solo), and the ball can be handled only twice while in the player's possession. Provided that a player has at least one foot on the ground, he may make a shoulder-to-shoulder charge on an opponent who is in possession of the ball or is playing the ball, or when both players are moving in the direction of
8400-406: The ball. No protective padding is worn by players. A plastic protective helmet with a faceguard is mandatory for all age groups as of 2010. The game has been described as "a bastion of humility", with player names absent from jerseys and a player's number decided by his position on the field. Hurling is administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA). It is played throughout the world and
8520-441: The boundary of the city, which would increase its area to 187 km (72 sq mi) and the population within its bounds from 125,000 to 210,000, was debated and approved in Dáil Éireann in June 2018. Corresponding legislation was drafted during July 2018, and enacted as part of the Local Government Act 2019 . The boundary change occurred on 31 May 2019, following the 2019 local elections . The climate of Cork, like
8640-444: The city and environs. Like standard Hiberno-English , some of these words originate from the Irish language, but others through other languages Cork's inhabitants encountered at home and abroad. The Cork accent displays varying degrees of rhoticity , usually indicative of the speaker's local community. Broadcasting companies based in Cork include RTÉ Cork , which has a radio, television and production unit on Father Matthew Street in
8760-480: The city as "the real capital", a reference to its opposition to the Anglo-Irish Treaty in the Irish Civil War . Cork was originally a monastic settlement, reputedly founded by Saint Finbarr in the 6th century. It became (more) urbanised some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman ( Viking ) settlers founded a trading port. It has been proposed that, like Dublin, Cork was an important trading centre in
8880-417: The city centre provides good rail links for domestic trade. According to the 2011 Cork City Employment & Land Use Survey, the single largest employers in the city (all with over 1,000 employees) include Cork University Hospital , Apple Inc , University College Cork , Boston Scientific , Cork City Council , Cork Institute of Technology , Bon Secours Hospital, Cork , retailers Supervalu and Centra ,
9000-511: The city centre. Communicorp Media opened a radio studio in 2019 in the city covering content on both Today FM and Newstalk. The city's FM radio band features RTÉ Radio 1 , RTÉ 2fm , RTÉ lyric fm , RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta , Today FM , Classic Hits , Newstalk and the religious station Spirit Radio . There are also local stations such as Cork's 96FM , Cork's Red FM , C103 , CUH 102.0FM, UCC 98.3FM (formerly Cork Campus Radio 97.4fm) and Christian radio station Life 93.1FM. Cork also has
9120-538: The city limits, on the Carrigrohane Road on the west side of the city. For elections to Dáil Éireann , the city is part of two constituencies : Cork North-Central and Cork South-Central which each returns four TDs . Since the 2020 general election , these constituencies are represented by three Fianna Fáil TDs, two TDs Fine Gael TDs, two Sinn Féin TDs and one People Before Profit–Solidarity TD. Historically,
9240-644: The city was represented in the Dáil by Cork City from 1977 to 1981, by the two constituencies of Cork City North-West and Cork City South-East from 1969 to 1977, and by Cork Borough from 1921 to 1969. In the House of Commons of the United Kingdom , it was represented by Cork City from 1801 to 1922, and the Irish House of Commons , it was represented by Cork City from 1264 to 1800. The retail trade in Cork city includes
9360-461: The county is known as the "Rebel County". This view sometimes manifests itself in humorous references to the Real Capital and the propagation of t-shirts and street art celebrating the fictional The People's Republic of Cork The city has many local traditions in food, including crubeens , tripe and drisheen , which were historically served in eating houses like those run by Katty Barry in
9480-546: The end of 1889, almost a dozen GAA clubs existed in America, many of them in and around New York City, Philadelphia and Chicago. Later, clubs were formed in Boston, Cleveland , and many other centers of Irish America. Concord, New Hampshire has its state's only hurling team, New Hampshire Wolves, sponsored by Litherman's Limited Craft Brewery. In 1910, twenty-two hurlers, composed of an equal number from Chicago and New York, conducted
9600-578: The fact that one newspaper dubbed the game "Two Degrees Safer Than War". Arden Street Oval in North Melbourne was used by Irish immigrants during the 1920s. The game in Australasia is administered by Australasia GAA . Hurling was brought to Great Britain in the 19th century. The game is administered by British GAA . Warwickshire and Lancashire compete at inter-county level in the Lory Meagher Cup , competing against other counties in Ireland. London
9720-1516: The fall. They also have a 30-member camogie league. Saint Louis has won two National Championships in Jr C Hurling (2004 and 2011), as well as two National Championships in Jr D Gaelic Football (2005, and 2013). The Indianapolis Hurling Club began in 2002, then reformed in 2005. In 2008, the Indy Hurling Club won the Junior C National Championship. In 2011, Indy had 7 club teams and sent a Junior B, Junior C and Camogie team to nationals. Hurling continues to grow in popularity with teams now in Knoxville, TN , Charleston, SC , Orlando, FL , Tampa, FL , Augusta, GA , Greenville, SC , Indianapolis, IN , Worcester, MA , Corvallis, OR , Akron, OH , Raleigh, NC , Concord, NH , Portland, Maine , Providence, RI , Twin Cities, MN , Madison, WI , Milwaukee, WI , Washington, DC , Hampton Roads, VA , Rochester NY , Nashville, TN , Richmond, VA , Hartford, CT , Missoula, MT , Butte, MT and Seattle, WA . The GAA have also begun to invest in American college students with university teams springing up at University of Connecticut , Stanford University , UC Berkeley , Purdue University , Indiana University , University of Montana and other schools. On 31 January 2009,
9840-458: The fastest field sports on earth and only played with a facemask and helmet as protection, making injury an unavoidable feature of the game without further padding. The two most common sites of injury in hurling are the fingers and the hamstrings. Hurling is also considered to have "a notable proportion of blunt scrotal trauma." Hurling is older than the recorded history of Ireland. It is thought to predate Christianity, having come to Ireland with
9960-564: The field were raised and extended and the stand accommodation was also extended. However, the jubilee final was held in Croke Park and it was another 50 years before the stadium would host the All-Ireland final as a showpiece to mark the centenary. In 1968 further developments took place when the Dr. Kinane Stand was completed and opened. In 1971 the stadium was named after Tom Semple , who was captain of
10080-415: The first ever US collegiate hurling match was held between UC Berkeley and Stanford University, organized by the newly formed California Collegiate Gaelic Athletic Association. UC Berkeley won the challenge match by one point, while Stanford won the next two CCGAA matches to win the first collegiate cup competition in the U.S. On Memorial Day Weekend of 2011, the first ever National Collegiate GAA championship
10200-569: The first time during the Munster Championship quarter-final between Tipperary and Cork . After 28 minutes of play in a 2022 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship game for Clonoulty–Rossmore against Kilruane at Semple Stadium, Dillon Quirke collapsed and died. An architectural consultancy has been appointed to lead a design team, tasked with preparing a master plan for the redevelopment of Semple Stadium. The Féile Festival , ran from 1990 to 1994 (and returned in 1997 for one day),
10320-558: The global Scandinavian trade network. The ecclesiastical settlement continued alongside the Viking longphort , with the two developing a type of symbiotic relationship; the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid. The city's charter was granted by Prince John , as Lord of Ireland , in 1185. The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today. For much of
10440-492: The ground by a crossbar. A net extending behind the goal is attached to the crossbar and lower goal posts. The same pitch is used for Gaelic football ; the GAA, which organises both sports, decided this to facilitate dual usage. Lines are marked at distances of 13 metres, 20 metres and 59 metres (41 metres for Gaelic football) from each end-line. Shorter pitches and smaller goals are used by youth teams. Teams consist of fifteen players:
10560-507: The hurling match attracted a crowd of five hundred Irish immigrants, while the Orange march shivered out of existence. Several hurling clubs existed in Victoria in the 1870s including Melbourne, Collingwood, Upper Yarra, Richmond and Geelong. In 1885, a game between two Sydney-based teams took place before a crowd of over ten thousand spectators. Reportedly, the contest was greatly enjoyed despite
10680-403: The importance of the match and the difficulty of scheduling possible replays, and can change from year to year. The general trend is that the GAA have been trying to reduce the need for replays, to ease scheduling. The following are considered technical fouls ("fouling the ball"): Can be deliberate or accidental, often accompanied by a card. They are as follows: Scoring is achieved by sending
10800-722: The local community. The last time that hurling was played in Argentina was in 1980, when the Aer Lingus Hurling Club conducted a three-week tour of the country and played matches at several locations. Since 2009, with the realization of several Summers Camps and the visit of the All Stars in December, hurling returned to be a frequent activity at the Hurling Club, where many boys and young men have since been trained and taught to play. The Hurling Club have even been invited to take part in
10920-556: The main music venues in the city are the Cork Opera House (capacity c.1000), The Everyman, Cork Arts Theatre, Cyprus Avenue, Dali, Triskel Christchurch, The Roundy, and Coughlan's. The city's literary community centres on the Munster Literature Centre and the Triskel Arts Centre. The short story writers Frank O'Connor and Seán Ó Faoláin hailed from Cork, and contemporary writers include Thomas McCarthy , Gerry Murphy , and novelist and poet William Wall . Additions to
11040-468: The majority of Ireland, is mild oceanic ( Cfb in the Köppen climate classification ) and changeable with abundant rainfall and a lack of temperature extremes. Cork lies in plant Hardiness zone 9b. Met Éireann maintains a climatological weather station at Cork Airport , a few kilometres south of the city centre. The airport is at an altitude of 153 metres (502 ft) and temperatures can often differ by
11160-420: The mid-20th century. The English Market sells locally produced foods, including fresh fish, meats, fruit and vegetables, eggs and artisan cheeses and breads. During certain city festivals, food stalls are also sometimes erected on city streets such as St. Patrick's Street or Grand Parade . In September 2021, the food hall Marina Market was established in the docklands area of the city. A former warehouse,
11280-425: The most expensive in the country per sq. metre after Dublin's Grafton Street . The area was impacted by the post-2008 downturn , though retail growth has increased since, with Penneys announcing expansion plans in 2015, redesigning of some facades on the street, and opening of newer outlets, including Superdry in 2015. Other shopping areas in the city centre include Oliver Plunkett St. and Grand Parade . Cork
11400-403: The nearby Beamish and Crawford brewery (taken over by Heineken in 2008) which have been in the city for generations. 45% of the world's Tic Tac sweets are manufactured at the city's Ferrero factory. For many years, Cork was the home to Ford Motor Company , which manufactured cars in the docklands area before the plant was closed in 1984. Henry Ford 's grandfather was from West Cork , which
11520-491: The neighbouring Barony of Cork . Together, these baronies are located between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south. The city's municipal government was dominated by about 12–15 merchant families, whose wealth came from overseas trade with continental Europe – in particular the export of wool and hides and the import of salt, iron and wine. The medieval population of Cork
11640-416: The number of players and much terminology . The same game played by women is called camogie ( camógaíocht ), which shares a common Gaelic root. The objective of the game is for players to use an ash wood stick called a hurley (in Irish a camán , pronounced / ˈ k æ m ən / or / k ə ˈ m ɔː n / ) to hit a small ball called a sliotar / ˈ ʃ l ɪ t ər / between
11760-403: The opponent's goalposts either over the crossbar for one point or under the crossbar into a net guarded by a goalkeeper for three points. The sliotar can be caught in the hand and carried for not more than four steps, struck in the air or struck on the ground with the hurley. It can be kicked, or slapped with an open hand (the hand pass), for short-range passing. A player who wants to carry
11880-490: The quarter-finals of the 2001 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was held at Semple Stadium. In April 2006 Tipperary County Board announced an €18 million redevelopment plan for the Stadium. The three-year project aimed to boost capacity to over 55,000, as well as providing a wide range of modern facilities such as corporate space concessions, dining and changing areas within both main stands. There were also plans to upgrade
12000-414: The rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. The title of Mayor of Cork was established by royal charter in 1318, and the title was changed to Lord Mayor in 1900 following the knighthood of the incumbent mayor by Queen Victoria on her visit to the city. Since the nineteenth century, Cork had been a strongly Irish nationalist city, with widespread support for Irish Home Rule , and
12120-411: The referee and also for conferring with the referee. The fourth official is responsible for overseeing substitutions, and also indicating the amount of stoppage time (signalled to him by the referee) and the players substituted using an electronic board. The umpires are responsible for judging the scoring. They indicate to the referee whether a shot was: wide (spread both arms), a 65 m puck (raise one arm),
12240-659: The skills and education: Jonathan Lynch, Kevin O'Connors and Michael Connery, who currently works with the team's training to participate in the Aer Lingus International Hurling Festival. The earliest reference to hurling in Australia is related in the book "Sketches of Garryowen". On 12 July 1844, a match took place at Batman's Hill in Melbourne as a counterpoint to a march by the Orange Order . Reportedly,
12360-424: The standard of physicality and intensity in which the hurlers engaged. In 2007, Forbes magazine described the media attention and population multiplication of Thurles town ahead of one of the game's annual provincial hurling finals as being "the rough equivalent of 30 million Americans watching a regional lacrosse game". Financial Times columnist Simon Kuper wrote after Stephen Bennett 's performance in
12480-542: The standing terraces and install a modern floodlighting facility. Phase one of the upgrade project, upgrading the Kinnane Stand side of the stadium, involved expenditure of €5.5 million. On 14 February 2009 the new state of the art floodlights were switched on by GAA President Nickey Brennan before the National Hurling League game against Cork . In 2016, Hawk-Eye was installed in the stadium and used for
12600-562: The top sits a weather vane in the form of an eleven-foot salmon. Another site in Shandon is Skiddy's Almshouse , which was built in the 18th century to provide a home to the poorest of the city. Cork City Hall replaced the hall destroyed by the Black and Tans during the War of Independence in an event known as the " Burning of Cork ". The cost of this new building was provided by the UK Government in
12720-549: The townspeople. The grounds remained in the hands of the shareholders until 1956 when they were transferred to the Gaelic Athletic Association . In 1934 in anticipation of the All-Ireland Hurling Final being held in the grounds to mark the golden jubilee of the Association, extensive improvements were made to bring the field requirements up to the demands which a crowd of up to 60,000 would make. The embankments around
12840-473: The twentieth century saw Cork , Kilkenny as well as Tipperary dominate hurling with each of these counties winning more than 20 All-Ireland titles each. Wexford , Waterford , Clare , Limerick , Offaly , Antrim , Dublin , and Galway were also strong hurling counties during the twentieth century. As hurling entered the new millennium, it has remained Ireland's second most popular sport behind Gaelic football . An extended qualifier system resulted in
12960-518: The year. Cork is home to the RTÉ Vanbrugh Quartet , and popular rock musicians and bands including John Spillane , Rory Gallagher , Five Go Down to the Sea? , Microdisney , The Frank and Walters , Sultans of Ping , Simple Kid , Fred and Mick Flannery . The opera singers Cara O'Sullivan , Mary Hegarty, Brendan Collins, and Sam McElroy are also Cork born. Ranging in capacity from 50 to 1,000,
13080-714: Was about 2,100 people. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of plague when the Black Death arrived in the town. In 1491, Cork played a part in the English Wars of the Roses when Perkin Warbeck , a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow Henry VII of England . The then-mayor of Cork and several important citizens went with Warbeck to England but when
13200-628: Was altered by the Local Government Act 2001 , under each of the five county boroughs became designated as cities, governed by city councils. Cork City Council is a tier-1 entity of local government with the same status in law as a county council . While the local government in Ireland has limited powers in comparison with other countries, the council has responsibility for planning, roads, sanitation, libraries, street lighting, parks, and several other important functions. Cork City Council has 31 elected members representing six electoral areas. As of
13320-405: Was commissioned to help put together the planning application. Planning permission was granted in April 2020. The grounds on which Semple Stadium is built were formerly known as Thurles Sportsfield. The site was offered for sale in 1910 at the wish of Canon M.K. Ryan and was purchased by local Gaelic games enthusiasts for £900. To meet the cost of the purchase, an issue of shares was subscribed by
13440-410: Was formed on 15 July 1900, leading to teams being established in different neighborhoods of Buenos Aires and the surrounding farming communities. Games of hurling were played every weekend until 1914 and received frequent coverage from Argentina's Spanish language newspapers, such as La Nación . After the outbreak of World War I , it became almost impossible to obtain hurleys from Ireland. An attempt
13560-462: Was formed when U.S. soldiers returning from Iraq saw a hurling game on the television in Shannon Airport as their plane refuelled. Outside of the traditional North American GAA cities of New York, Boston, Chicago and San Francisco, clubs are springing up in other places where they consist of predominantly American-born players who bring a new dimension to the game and actively seek to promote it as
13680-536: Was founded in the 6th century as a monastic settlement, and was expanded by Viking invaders around 915. Its charter was granted by Prince John in 1185 . Cork city was once fully walled, and the remnants of the old medieval town centre can be found around South and North Main streets. The city's cognomen of "the rebel city" originates in its support for the Yorkist cause in the Wars of the Roses . Corkonians sometimes refer to
13800-528: Was held at Semple Stadium. At the height of its success, an estimated 150,000 people attended the festival, which was also known as "The Trip to Tipp". Irish and international artists participated, including The Prodigy , The Cranberries , Blur , Bryan Adams , Van Morrison , Rage Against the Machine , The Saw Doctors and Christy Moore . The Féile Classical Concerts took place at Semple Stadium in September 2018. Line up included Irish musical acts that played in
13920-549: Was included in the Lonely Planet 's top 10 "Best in Travel 2010". The guide described Cork as being "at the top of its game: sophisticated, vibrant and diverse". There is a "friendly rivalry" between Cork and Dublin, similar to the first and second city rivalry between Manchester and London or Melbourne and Sydney . Some Corkonians view themselves as different from the rest of Ireland, and refer to themselves as "The Rebels";
14040-462: Was made to use native Argentine mountain ash, but it proved too heavy and lacking in pliability. Although the game was revived after the end of the war, the golden age of Argentine hurling had passed. World War II finally brought the era to its close. In the aftermath of the Second World War, immigration from Ireland slowed to a trickle. In addition, native born Irish-Argentines assimilated into
14160-532: Was one of the main reasons for opening up the manufacturing facility in Cork. Technology has since replaced the older manufacturing businesses of the 1970s and 1980s, with people now working at several IT companies across the city area – such as Amazon.com , the online retailer, which has offices at Cork Airport Business Park . Cork's deep harbour allows large ships to enter, bringing trade and easy import/export of products. Cork Airport also allows easy access to continental Europe and Cork Kent railway station in
14280-460: Was played. The Indiana University Hurling Club won all matches of the tournament, and won by four points in the championship final to be crowned the first ever U.S. National Collegiate Champions . Cork (city) Cork ( Irish : Corcaigh [ˈkɔɾˠkəɟ] ; from corcach , meaning 'marsh') is the second largest city in Ireland , the county town of County Cork , the largest city in
14400-530: Was subsequently transformed into a theatre and then into the present General Post Office in 1877. The Grand Parade is a tree-lined avenue, home to offices, shops and financial institutions. The old financial centre is the South Mall , with several banks whose interiors derive from the 19th century, such as the interior of the Allied Irish Bank which was once an exchange. Many of the city's buildings are in
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