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115-818: Sir Sean Connery , Brian Cox and Dame Judi Dench are patrons of the Academy. The Academy is one of three UK centres of excellence in film practice education recognised by Creative Skillset (the Sector Skills Council for Creative Media) as a Skillset Film Academy. In November 2008 the Academy at Edinburgh Napier University was admitted to full membership of CILECT , the association of the world's major film and television schools. The Academy regularly hosts masterclasses and guest lectures by prominent industry figures, recent examples of which include ' Trainspotting ' and ' 28 Days Later ' producers Andrew MacDonald and Iain Smith (who

230-505: A Crystal Globe for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema. In a 2003 UK poll conducted by Channel 4 , Connery was ranked eighth on their list of the 100 Greatest Movie Stars . The failure of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen was especially frustrating for Connery. He sensed during shooting that the production was "going off the rails", and announced that the director, Stephen Norrington should be "locked up for insanity". Connery spent considerable effort in trying to salvage

345-430: A catch phrase in the lexicon of Western popular culture. Film critic Peter Bradshaw writes, "It is the most famous self-introduction from any character in movie history. Three cool monosyllables, surname first, a little curtly, as befits a former naval commander. And then, as if in afterthought, the first name, followed by the surname again. Connery carried it off with icily disdainful style, in full evening dress with

460-454: A Jewish "dark-haired beauty with a ballerina's figure", Carol Sopel, but was warned off by her family. He then dated Julie Hamilton, daughter of documentary filmmaker and feminist Jill Craigie . Given Connery's rugged appearance and rough charm, Hamilton initially thought he was an appalling person and was not attracted to him until she saw him in a kilt , declaring him to be the most beautiful thing she had ever seen in her life. He also shared

575-613: A Scot) was unrefined. Fleming's girlfriend Blanche Blackwell told him Connery had the requisite sexual charisma, and Fleming changed his mind after the successful Dr. No première. He was so impressed, he wrote Connery's heritage into the character. In his 1964 novel You Only Live Twice , Fleming wrote that Bond's father was Scottish and from Glencoe in the Scottish Highlands . Connery's portrayal of Bond owes much to stylistic tutelage from director Terence Young , who helped polish him while using his physical grace and presence for

690-520: A bodybuilding competition held in London in 1953, one of the competitors mentioned that auditions were being held for a production of South Pacific , and Connery landed a small part as one of the Seabees chorus boys. By the time the production reached Edinburgh, he had been given the part of Marine Cpl. Hamilton Steeves and was understudying two of the juvenile leads, and his salary was raised from £12 to £14–10s

805-459: A cigarette hanging from his lips. The introduction was a kind of challenge, or seduction, invariably addressed to an enemy. In the early 60s, Connery's James Bond was about as dangerous and sexy as it got on screen". During the filming of Thunderball in 1965, Connery's life was in danger in the sequence with the sharks in Emilio Largo 's pool. He had been concerned about this threat when he read

920-487: A fair idea of the who-did-what logistics of a costly military operation. The root problem with A Bridge Too Far , however, is that the top-heavy complement of stars never allows for any focus of attention." Charles Champlin of the Los Angeles Times wrote, In strictly cinematic terms, the appeal of A Bridge Too Far is easy to state: it is spectacular in the size and range of its effects, earnestly well-acted by

1035-531: A fifth of his original 10,000 troops while those who are too badly injured to flee stay behind to cover the withdrawal. At British headquarters, Urquhart confronts Browning about his personal sentiments regarding the operation and the latter contradicts his earlier optimism. Back in Oosterbeek Kate ter Horst , whose home has been converted into a makeshift hospital by the British, abandons its ruins. Passing through

1150-522: A hard-nosed Irish-American cop alongside Kevin Costner 's Eliot Ness . The film also starred Charles Martin Smith , Patricia Clarkson , Andy Garcia , and Robert De Niro as Al Capone . The film was a critical and box-office success. Many critics praised Connery for his performance, including Roger Ebert, who wrote: "The best performance in the movie is Connery   ... [he] brings a human element to his character; he seems to have had an existence apart from

1265-604: A knighthood in 1997 and 1998, but these nominations were reportedly vetoed by Donald Dewar owing to Connery's political views. Connery had a villa in Kranidi , Greece. His neighbour was King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands , with whom he shared a helicopter platform. Michael Caine (who co-starred with Connery in The Man Who Would Be King in 1975) was among Connery's closest friends. Growing up, Connery supported

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1380-508: A labourer, an artist's model for the Edinburgh College of Art , and after a suggestion by former Mr. Scotland Archie Brennan , as a coffin polisher , among other jobs. The modelling earned him 15 shillings an hour. Artist Richard Demarco , at the time a student who painted several early pictures of Connery, described him as "very straight, slightly shy, too, too beautiful for words, a virtual Adonis". Connery began bodybuilding at

1495-501: A leading role in director Robert Stevenson 's Walt Disney Productions film Darby O'Gill and the Little People (1959), alongside Albert Sharpe , Janet Munro , and Jimmy O'Dea . The film is a tale about a wily Irishman and his battle of wits with leprechauns . Upon the film's initial release, A. H. Weiler of The New York Times praised the cast (save Connery whom he described as "merely tall, dark, and handsome ") and thought

1610-446: A major role in the melodrama Another Time, Another Place (1958) as a British reporter named Mark Trevor, caught in a love affair opposite Lana Turner and Barry Sullivan . During filming, Turner's possessive gangster boyfriend, Johnny Stompanato , who was visiting from Los Angeles, believed she was having an affair with Connery. Connery and Turner had attended West End shows and London restaurants together. Stompanato stormed onto

1725-910: A minor role as a hoodlum in the "Ladies of the Manor" episode of the BBC Television police series Dixon of Dock Green . This was followed by small television parts in Sailor of Fortune and The Jack Benny Program (in a special episode filmed in Europe). In early 1957, Connery hired agent Richard Hatton, who got him his first film role, as Spike, a minor gangster with a speech impediment in Montgomery Tully 's No Road Back , alongside Skip Homeier , Paul Carpenter , Patricia Dainton , and Norman Wooland . In April 1957, Rakoff – after being disappointed by Jack Palance  – decided to give

1840-402: A mutual attraction with jazz singer Maxine Daniels , whom he met while working in theatre. He made a pass at her, but she told him she was already happily married with a daughter. Connery was married to actress Diane Cilento from 1962 to 1974, though they separated in 1971. They had a son, actor Jason Joseph . Connery illustrated the cover of Cilento's 1967 novel: The Manipulator. Connery

1955-857: A number of Dakota aircraft. The Dakotas were gathered by the film company Joseph E. Levine Presents Incorporated. All aircraft were required to be CAA ( Civil Aviation Authority ) or FAA ( Federal Aviation Administration ) registered and licensed to carry passengers. An original deal for the purchase of 10 fell through when two airframes were rejected as passenger configured without the necessary jump doors. Eleven Dakotas were procured. Two ex- Portuguese Air Force , 6153 and 6171 (N9984Q and N9983Q), and two from Air Djibouti , operating from Djibouti in French Somaliland , F-OCKU and F-OCKX (N9985Q and N9986Q) were purchased by Joseph E. Levine . Three Danish Air Force K-685, K-687, and K-688, and four Finnish Air Force C-47s , DO-4, DO-7, DO-10 and DO-12, were loaned for

2070-570: A party during the production of South Pacific in 1954, and the two later became close friends. During this production at the Opera House , Manchester, over the Christmas period of 1954, Connery developed a serious interest in the theatre through American actor Robert Henderson , who lent him copies of the Ibsen works Hedda Gabler , The Wild Duck , and When We Dead Awaken , and later listed works by

2185-775: A prosperous, vigorous and modern self-governing Scotland in which we can all take pride and which will deserve the respect of other nations." His funding of the SNP ceased in 2001, when the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed legislation prohibiting overseas funding of political activities in the United Kingdom. In response to accusations that he was a tax exile , Connery released documents in 2003 showing he had paid £3.7 million in UK taxes between 1997 and 1998 and between 2002 and 2003; critics pointed out that had he been continuously residing in

2300-478: A setting for a 1940s city. A few scenes were shot in Zutphen , where the old municipality house and the main church can be seen. Additional scenes were filmed at Twickenham Studios . The Motion Picture Association of America initially gave the film an R rating for its use of the word " fuck " and depictions of war violence, but United Artists lobbied it to change it to a PG rating so that younger audiences could see

2415-481: A short-list of ten feature films that receive their world premières at the festival each year. Honours A Bridge Too Far (film) A Bridge Too Far is a 1977 epic historical war film directed by Richard Attenborough . It depicts Operation Market Garden , a failed Allied operation in the Nazi-occupied Netherlands during World War II ; the film's screenplay , by William Goldman ,

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2530-429: A starry and able cast, well-paced and swift despite its length, and marked by an evident attempt to give the balanced truth of a tragic episode from history. Gary Arnold of The Washington Post called it "an unusually conscientious and impressive war epic" that justified its high budget... in terms of careful period recreation, visual spectacle (the sequences depicting paratroop landings are particularly awesome),

2645-675: A tacit understanding between themselves about their characters. They glow. They really do seem in love". During the 1970s, Connery was part of ensemble casts in films such as Murder on the Orient Express (1974) with Vanessa Redgrave and John Gielgud , and played a British Army general in Richard Attenborough 's war film A Bridge Too Far (1977), co-starring Dirk Bogarde and Laurence Olivier . In 1974, he starred in John Boorman 's sci-fi thriller Zardoz . Often called one of

2760-667: A tax evasion investigation, alleging that the Spanish treasury had been defrauded of £5.5 million. Connery was subsequently cleared by officials, but his wife and 16 others were charged with attempting to defraud the Spanish treasury. Connery died in his sleep on 31 October 2020, aged 90, at his home in the Lyford Cay community of Nassau in the Bahamas. His death was announced by his family and Eon Productions ; although they did not disclose

2875-468: A tepid critical response, A Bridge Too Far received several awards. At the 31st BAFTA Awards it won four out of eight nominated categories, including Best Supporting Actor for Edward Fox and Best Score for John Addison —who himself had served in the British XXX Corps during Market Garden. Attenborough was nominated for Best Direction , and the film was nominated for Best Motion Picture . It

2990-471: A week (equivalent to £882 in 2023) immediately after the game. Connery said he was tempted to accept, but he recalls, "I realised that a top-class footballer could be over the hill by the age of 30, and I was already 23. I decided to become an actor and it turned out to be one of my more intelligent moves". Seeking to supplement his income, Connery helped out backstage at the King's Theatre in late 1951. During

3105-559: A week. The production returned the following year, out of popular demand, and Connery was promoted to the featured role of Lieutenant Buzz Adams, which Larry Hagman had portrayed in the West End . While in Edinburgh, Connery was targeted by the Valdor gang, one of the most violent in the city. He was first approached by them in a billiard hall where he prevented them from stealing his jacket and

3220-502: Is a war movie too long, although top-notch talent on both sides of the camera keeps the end result consistently watchable." According to Metacritic , the film received "generally favorable" reviews based on a weighted average score of 63 out of 100 from 13 critics. Vincent Canby of The New York Times said further, "The movie is massive, shapeless, often unexpectedly moving, confusing, sad, vivid and very, very long." James Caan and Anthony Hopkins were cited by many critics for

3335-591: Is also a member of the Screen Academy Board) as well as Iranian Director Seyyed Reza Mir-karami. Films by Academy graduates have won numerous prizes and been screened at festivals worldwide including Venice , Kolkata , Tribeca and Beijing . Students or graduates of the Academy have won the Page Screenwriting Awards Gold Prize for Short Film in three of the past four years, the most recent winner being Amy Rich in 2010. Michael Cumes took

3450-404: Is anything particularly wrong in hitting a woman, though I don't recommend you do it in the same way you hit a man". He was also reported to have stated to Vanity Fair in 1993, "There are women who take it to the wire. That's what they are looking for, the ultimate confrontation. They want a smack". In 2006, Connery told The Times of London, "I don't believe that any level of abuse of women

3565-409: Is based on a book of the same title by historian Cornelius Ryan . It stars an ensemble cast , featuring Dirk Bogarde , James Caan , Michael Caine , Sean Connery , Edward Fox , Elliott Gould , Gene Hackman , Anthony Hopkins , Hardy Krüger , Laurence Olivier , Ryan O'Neal , Robert Redford , Maximilian Schell and Liv Ullmann . Independently produced by Richard and Joseph E. Levine , it

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3680-472: Is ever justified under any circumstances. Full stop". Connery was married to French-Moroccan painter Micheline Roquebrune (born 4 April 1929) from 1975 until his death. The marriage survived a well-documented affair Connery had in the late 1980s with the singer and songwriter Lynsey de Paul , which she later regretted due to his views concerning domestic violence. Connery owned the Domaine de Terre Blanche in

3795-588: Is only a single lane linking the key bridges, and vehicles have to squeeze onto the verge to pass. The road is also elevated, causing anything moving along it to stand out. Although the airborne drops surprise the enemy and meet little resistance, the Son bridge is demolished by the Germans just before it can be secured. Furthermore, many of the jeeps either do not arrive or are destroyed in an ambush, in addition to their nonfunctional radio sets. Meanwhile, XXX Corps's progress

3910-477: Is slowed by German resistance, the narrowness of the road, and the need to construct a Bailey bridge to replace the bridge at Son. They are halted at Nijmegen, where soldiers of the 82nd Airborne Division perform a daylight crossing to capture the Nijmegen bridge , and XXX Corps is further delayed waiting for infantry to secure the town. The Germans close in on the isolated British paratroopers occupying Arnhem near

4025-507: Is that resistance will consist entirely of inexperienced old men and Hitler Youth , reconnaissance photos show German tanks at Arnhem. General Browning nevertheless dismisses the photos and ignores reports from the Dutch underground . The Arnhem bridge is the prime target, as the last means of escape for the German forces in the Netherlands and it is a direct route to Germany. However the road to it

4140-400: Is to land near Arnhem and hold the bridge there, backed by a brigade of Polish paratroopers under General Stanisław Sosabowski . XXX Armoured Corps is to push up the road over the captured bridges and reach Arnhem within two days. As Major-General Urquhart briefs his officers, some are surprised that they are going to attempt a landing so far from their objectives. Although the consensus

4255-606: The BAFTA Fellowship , a lifetime achievement award from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts . Connery's later films included several box-office and critical disappointments such as First Knight (1995), Just Cause (1995), The Avengers (1998), and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (2003); however, he received positive reviews for his performance in Finding Forrester (2000). He also received

4370-847: The Oxford Playhouse , and a role opposite Jill Bennett in Eugene O'Neill 's play Anna Christie . During his time at the Oxford Theatre, Connery won a brief part as a boxer in the TV series The Square Ring , before being spotted by Canadian director Alvin Rakoff , who gave him multiple roles in The Condemned , shot on location in Dover in Kent. In 1956, Connery appeared in the theatrical production of Epitaph , and played

4485-569: The South of France from 1979. He sold it to German billionaire Dietmar Hopp in 1999. He was awarded an honorary rank of Shodan (1st dan ) in Kyokushin karate. Connery relocated to the Bahamas in the 1990s; he owned a mansion in Lyford Cay on New Providence . Connery was knighted by the Queen at an investiture ceremony at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh on 5 July 2000. He had been nominated for

4600-437: The "most extraordinary memory". In 1981, Connery appeared in the film Time Bandits as Agamemnon . The casting choice derives from a joke Michael Palin included in the script, which describes the character's removing his mask and being "Sean Connery – or someone of equal but cheaper stature". When shown the script, Connery was happy to play the supporting role. In 1981 he portrayed Marshal William T. O'Niel in

4715-469: The "weirdest and worst movies ever made" it featured Connery in a scarlet mankini  – a revealing costume which generated much controversy for its unBond-like appearance. Despite being panned by critics at the time, the film has developed a cult following since its release. In the audio commentary to the film, Boorman relates how Connery would write poetry in his free time, describing him as "a man of great depth and intelligence" and possessing

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4830-597: The 1960s. In Marnie , Connery starred opposite Tippi Hedren . Connery had said he wanted to work with Hitchcock, which Eon arranged through their contacts. Connery also shocked many people at the time by asking to see a script, something he did because he was worried about being typecast as a spy and he did not want to do a variation of North by Northwest or Notorious . When told by Hitchcock's agent that Cary Grant had not asked to see even one of Hitchcock's scripts, Connery replied: "I'm not Cary Grant". Hitchcock and Connery got on well during filming, and Connery said he

4945-546: The American Film Institute's Lifetime Achievement Award on 8 June 2006, he confirmed his retirement from acting. Connery's disillusionment with the "idiots now making films in Hollywood" was cited as a reason for his decision to retire. On 7 June 2007, he denied rumours that he would appear in the fourth Indiana Jones film, saying "retirement is just too much damned fun". In 2010, a bronze bust sculpture of Connery

5060-640: The American-led assault on the Bridge at Nijmegen was dubbed the "Million-Dollar Hour". Because of heavy traffic, the crew had permission to film on the bridge only between eight and nine o'clock on October 3, 1976. Failure to complete the scene would have necessitated rescheduling at a cost—including Redford's overtime—of at least a million dollars. For this reason, Attenborough insisted that all actors playing corpses keep their eyes closed. After United Artists agreed to pay $ 6 million for US and Canada distribution rights,

5175-737: The Broadcast Journalism Training Council (BJTC). In 2007 and every year since, the Academy was awarded funding by the EU MEDIA programme for its international writer, director and producer development programme ENGAGE which is a collaboration with the National Film School of Ireland , the Baltic Film and Media School, Tallinn, Estonia and Aalto University in Finland. The programme runs on an annual basis with workshops in each of

5290-658: The Connery brothers drinking beer. Around this time, Connery was residing at TV presenter Llew Gardner's house. Henderson landed Connery a role in a £6 a week Q Theatre production of Agatha Christie 's Witness for the Prosecution , during which he met and became friends with fellow Scot Ian Bannen . This role was followed by Point of Departure and A Witch in Time at Kew, a role as Pentheus opposite Yvonne Mitchell in The Bacchae at

5405-674: The Gold Prize in 2009 with The Romance Class. In 2007, David Bishop won with Danny’s Toy’s. Chico Pereira's feature documentary 'Pablo's Winter' won Best Student Documentary at IDFA in 2012 and the President's Award at the Full Frame Festival in 2013. In addition to offering a range of degree programmes, the Academy also hosts professional summer schools such as 'The Soundtrack', in partnership with industry training partners such as The School of Sound, its journalism programmes are accredited by

5520-566: The Lion opposite Candice Bergen who played Eden Pedecaris (based on the real-life Perdicaris incident ), and in 1976 played Robin Hood in Robin and Marian opposite Audrey Hepburn , who played Maid Marian . Film critic Roger Ebert , who had praised the double act of Connery and Caine in The Man Who Would Be King , praised Connery's chemistry with Hepburn, writing: "Connery and Hepburn seem to have arrived at

5635-694: The Rose (1986), Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), The Hunt for Red October (1990), Dragonheart (1996), The Rock (1996) and Finding Forrester (2000). His final on-screen role was as Allan Quatermain in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (2003). Connery received numerous accolades. For his role in The Untouchables (1987), he received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor ,

5750-538: The Scottish football club Celtic F.C. , having been introduced to the club by his father who was a lifelong fan of the team. Later in life, Connery switched his loyalty to Celtic's bitter rival , Rangers F.C. , after he became close friends with the team's chairman, David Murray . He was a keen golfer, introduced to the game by his friend Iain Stewart. English professional golfer Peter Alliss gave Connery golf lessons before

5865-509: The Tiger , opposite Van Johnson , Martine Carol , Herbert Lom , and Gustavo Rojo ; the film was shot on location in southern Spain. He also had a minor role in Gerald Thomas 's thriller Time Lock (1957) as a welder, appearing alongside Robert Beatty , Lee Patterson , Betty McDowall , and Vincent Winter ; this commenced filming on 1 December 1956 at Beaconsfield Studios . Connery had

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5980-445: The UK for tax purposes, his tax rate would have been far higher. In the run-up to the 2014 Scottish independence referendum , Connery's brother Neil said Connery would not come to Scotland to rally independence supporters, since his tax exile status greatly limited the number of days he could spend in the country. After Connery sold his Marbella villa in 1999, Spanish authorities launched

6095-571: The United Kingdom (in 2011, Connery said " The Bowler and the Bunnet was just the beginning of a journey that would lead to my long association with the Scottish National Party"). Connery supported the party both financially and through personal appearances. In 1967, he wrote to George Leslie , the SNP candidate in the 1967 Glasgow Pollok by-election , saying, "I am convinced that with our resources and skills we are more than capable of building

6210-426: The action. Lois Maxwell , who played Miss Moneypenny , related that "Terence took Sean under his wing. He took him to dinner, showed him how to walk, how to talk, even how to eat". The tutoring was successful; Connery received thousands of fan letters a week after Dr. No's opening, and he became a major sex symbol in film. Following the release of the film Dr. No in 1962, the line "Bond ... James Bond", became

6325-517: The age of 16, Connery joined the Royal Navy , during which time he acquired two tattoos. Connery's official website says "unlike many tattoos, his were not frivolous – his tattoos reflect two of his lifelong commitments: his family and Scotland. ... One tattoo is a tribute to his parents and reads 'Mum and Dad', and the other is self-explanatory, 'Scotland Forever'". He trained in Portsmouth at

6440-742: The age of 18, and from 1951 trained heavily with Ellington, a former gym instructor in the British Army . While his official website states he was third in the 1950 Mr. Universe contest, most sources place him in the 1953 competition, either third in the Junior class or failing to place in the Tall Man classification. Connery said he was soon deterred from bodybuilding when he found that Americans frequently beat him in competitions because of sheer muscle size and, unlike Connery, refused to participate in athletic activity which could make them lose muscle mass. Connery

6555-496: The announcement of his death, many co-stars and figures from the entertainment industry paid tribute to Connery, including Sam Neill , Nicolas Cage , Robert De Niro , Michael Bay , Tippi Hedren , Alec Baldwin , Hugh Jackman , George Lucas , Shirley Bassey , Kevin Costner , Catherine Zeta-Jones , Barbra Streisand , John Cleese , Jane Seymour and Harrison Ford , as well as former Bond stars George Lazenby , Timothy Dalton , Pierce Brosnan and Daniel Craig , including

6670-467: The bridge, and although Sosabowski's troops finally arrive after being delayed in England they are too late to reinforce the British. After days of intense fighting against SS infantry and panzers the outgunned troops are either captured or forced to withdraw to Oosterbeek . Urquhart receives orders to retreat, while the other Allied commanders blame the various difficulties encountered for their failure to provide support. Urquhart escapes with less than

6785-459: The cause of death, his son Jason said he had been unwell for some time. A day later, his widow revealed he had dementia in his final years. Connery's death certificate was obtained by TMZ a month after his death, showing the cause of death was pneumonia and respiratory failure, and the time of death was listed as 1:30 am. His remains were cremated, and the ashes were scattered in Scotland at undisclosed locations in 2022. Following

6900-540: The documentary film The Bowler and the Bunnet in 1967. The film described the Fairfield Experiment , a new approach to industrial relations carried out at the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company , Glasgow, during the 1960s; the experiment was initiated by Stewart and supported by George Brown , the First Secretary in Harold Wilson 's cabinet, in 1966. The company was facing closure, and Brown agreed to provide £1 million (£13.135 million; US$ 15.55 million in 2021 terms) to enable trade unions,

7015-506: The duration of the parachute filming. Aircraft 6171 doubled as the camera ship on most formations, with a camouflaged Piper Aztec , G-AWDI. A camera was mounted in the astrodome, one on the port upper mainplane surface, with a third camera on the outside of the forward port cabin window and a fourth under the aircraft centre section. In addition, centre escape hatches were removed to make additional camera ports available, provided that no troops were aboard during filming. A second Aztec, G-ASND,

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7130-472: The excellence of their performances in a film with hundreds of speaking roles and cameos by many of the period's top actors. Generals Urquhart and Horrocks acted as military advisers to the film, adding to its historical accuracy. However, some reviewers suggested that the film contains historical inaccuracies and needs to be viewed as a 'Hollywood' interpretation of events. Robin Neillands commented, "A countless number of veterans have urged me to ignore most of

7245-413: The family of late former Bond actor Roger Moore . Connery's longtime friend Michael Caine called him a "great star, brilliant actor and a wonderful friend". James Bond producers Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli released a statement saying Connery had "revolutionized the world with his gritty and witty portrayal of the sexy and charismatic secret agent. He is undoubtedly largely responsible for

7360-500: The film an "overpoweringly charming concoction of standard Gaelic tall stories, fantasy and romance". He also had prominent television roles in Rudolph Cartier 's 1961 productions of Adventure Story and Anna Karenina for BBC Television, co-starring with Claire Bloom in the latter. Also in 1961 he portrayed the title role in a CBC television film adaptation of Shakespeare's Macbeth with Australian actress Zoe Caldwell cast as Lady Macbeth. Connery's breakthrough came in

7475-452: The film set and pointed a gun at Connery, only to have Connery disarm him and knock him flat on his back. Stompanato was banned from the set. Two Scotland Yard detectives advised Stompanato to leave and escorted him to the airport, where he boarded a plane back to the United States. Connery later recounted that he had to lie low for a while after receiving threats from men linked to Stompanato's boss, Mickey Cohen . In 1959, Connery landed

7590-418: The film through the editing process, ultimately deciding to retire from acting rather than go through such stress ever again. Connery turned down the role of Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings films, saying he did not understand the script. He was reportedly offered US$ 30 million along with 15% of the worldwide box office receipts, which would have earned him US$ 450 million. He also turned down

7705-456: The film two out of four, describing it as such an exercise in wretched excess, such a mindless series of routine scenes, such a boringly violent indulgence in all the blood and guts and moans they could find, that by the end we're prepared to speculate that maybe Levine went two or even three bridges too far. The movie's big and expensive and filled with stars, but it's not an epic. It's the longest B-grade war movie ever made. Gene Siskel gave

7820-399: The film two-and-a-half out of four and wrote, More often than not, A Bridge Too Far isn't a story; it's a parade of famous faces. As for the battle footage, it is more often tedious than glamorous. The paratroop landing provides a spectacular five minutes. Other action footage is routine. John Pym of The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote that "by the end of this extravagant film, we have

7935-438: The film went on to become the sixth-most popular movie at the 1977 US box office. The film received a favourable, but tepid response from critics. Critics agreed that the film was impressively staged and historically accurate, although many found it too long and too repetitive. On Rotten Tomatoes , 59% of 29 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 6.1/10. Its critics consensus reads: " A Bridge Too Far

8050-405: The film. Cuts were also made to the film when released in the United Kingdom to avoid an AA rating from the British Board of Film Censors . In order to keep costs down, all the star-name actors agreed to participate on a "favoured-nation" basis (i.e. they would all receive the same weekly fee), which in this case was $ 250,000 per week (the 2012 equivalent of $ 1,008,250 or £642,000). Shooting of

8165-478: The filming of the 1964 James Bond film Goldfinger , which involved a scene where Connery, as Bond, played golf against gold magnate Auric Goldfinger at Stoke Park Golf Club in Buckinghamshire. The golf scene saw him wear a Slazenger v-neck sweater, a brand which Connery became associated with while playing golf in his free time, with a light grey marl being a favoured colour. Record major championship winner and golf course designer Jack Nicklaus said, "He loved

8280-674: The first Scottish actor to win the achievement, and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture , and in the same year he received the BAFTA Award for Best Actor for his role in The Name of the Rose (1986). He also received honorary awards such as the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1987, the BAFTA Fellowship in 1998 and the Kennedy Center Honors in 1999. Connery

8395-535: The first actor to portray fictional British secret agent James Bond on film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983. Connery originated the role in Dr. No (1962) and continued starring as Bond in the Eon Productions films From Russia with Love (1963), Goldfinger (1964), Thunderball (1965), You Only Live Twice (1967) and Diamonds Are Forever (1971). Connery made his final appearance in

8510-679: The former two aircraft loaned by the Royal Netherlands Air Force . These were flown by members of the Gilze Rijen Aero Club , which also provided an Auster III, PH-NGK, which depicted an Auster V, RT607, in wartime camouflage. Spitfire Mk. IX, MH434, depicting a photo reconnaissance variant, coded AC-S, was lent by the Hon. Patrick Lindsay, and was flown by aerobatic champion Neil Williams . Sufficient American tanks, jeeps, and trucks of World War II vintage were found because many of

8625-604: The franchise in Never Say Never Again (1983), a non-Eon-produced Bond film. Connery is also known for his notable collaborations with directors such as Alfred Hitchcock , Sidney Lumet and John Huston . Their films in which Connery appeared included Marnie (1964), The Hill (1965), The Offence (1973), Murder on the Orient Express (1974) and The Man Who Would Be King (1975). He also acted in Robin and Marian (1976), A Bridge Too Far (1977), Time Bandits (1981), Highlander (1986), The Name of

8740-401: The front yard, now a graveyard for fallen troops, she and her children leave with an elderly doctor, pulling a few possessions in a cart, while wounded British troops sing " Abide with Me " as they await capture. Note: Characters ordered by rank Air filming was done in the first weeks of September 1976, culminating in a series of air drops of a total of 1,000 men. Supplies were dropped from

8855-648: The game of golf – Sean was a pretty darn good golfer! – and we played together several times. In May 1993, Sean and legendary driver Jackie Stewart helped me open our design of the PGA Centenary Course at Gleneagles in Scotland". Connery's Scottish roots and his experiences in filming in Glasgow's shipyards in 1966 inspired him to become a member of the centre-left Scottish National Party (SNP), which supports Scottish independence from

8970-606: The legend of the Untouchables, and when he's onscreen we can believe, briefly, that the Prohibition Era was inhabited by people, not caricatures". For his performance, Connery received a BAFTA nomination and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Connery starred in Steven Spielberg 's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), playing Henry Jones Sr. ,

9085-598: The likes of Proust , Tolstoy , Turgenev , Bernard Shaw , Joyce , and Shakespeare for him to digest. Henderson urged him to take elocution lessons and got him parts at the Maida Vale Theatre in London. He had already begun a film career, having been an extra in Herbert Wilcox 's 1954 musical Lilacs in the Spring alongside Errol Flynn and Anna Neagle . Although Connery had secured several roles as an extra, he

9200-708: The management and the shareholders to try out new ways of industrial management . Having played Bond six times, Connery's global popularity was such that he shared a Golden Globe Henrietta Award with Charles Bronson for "World Film Favorite – Male" in 1972. He appeared in John Huston 's The Man Who Would Be King (1975) opposite Michael Caine. Playing two former British soldiers who set themselves up as kings in Kafiristan , both actors regarded it as their favourite film. The same year, he appeared in The Wind and

9315-480: The mixture of exciting combat episodes with vivid human interest vignettes, an effort to establish a coherent, many-faceted view of a complicated and ill-fated military adventure, and a generally superior level of filmmaking intelligence and craftsmanship. A "making-of" documentary included in a special edition DVD of A Bridge Too Far says that, at the time of its release, "the film was shunned by American critics and completely ignored at Oscar time for daring to expose

9430-512: The most portrayals as James Bond with Roger Moore (with seven apiece). In June 1965, Time magazine observed "James Bond has developed into the biggest mass-cult hero of the decade". In 2024, the Edinburgh International Film Festival established an annual award in Connery's honour. The Sean Connery Prize for Feature Filmmaking Excellence is a prize of £50,000 given to the makers of a film chosen by audience vote from

9545-423: The naval gunnery school and in an anti-aircraft crew. He was later assigned as an Able Seaman on HMS Formidable . Connery was discharged from the navy at the age of 19 on medical grounds because of a duodenal ulcer , a condition that affected most of the males in previous generations of his family. Afterwards, he returned to the co-op and worked as a lorry driver, a lifeguard at Portobello swimming baths ,

9660-615: The opportunity to appear as Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter series and the Architect in The Matrix trilogy. In 2005, he recorded voiceovers for the From Russia with Love video game with recording producer Terry Manning in the Bahamas, and provided his likeness. Connery said he was happy the producers, Electronic Arts , had approached him to voice Bond. When Connery received

9775-513: The original screenplay". His subsequent box-office hits included The Hunt for Red October (1990), The Russia House (1990), The Rock (1996), and Entrapment (1999). In 1996, he voiced the role of Draco the dragon in the film Dragonheart . He also appeared in a brief cameo as King Richard the Lionheart at the end of Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991). In 1998, Connery received

9890-500: The partner countries. In 2011, the ENGAGE partnership was awarded EU MEDIA MUNDUS funding to extend its programme to include non-EU countries including Canada, China and India. Notable alumni of Screen Academy Scotland include writer Lin Anderson and filmmaker Basil Khalil . Sean Connery Sir Thomas Sean Connery (25 August 1930 – 31 October 2020) was a Scottish actor. He was

10005-515: The rear fuselage, with camera angles carefully chosen to avoid revealing this. Dakota 6153 was fitted with tow gear and Horsa replicas were towed at high speed, though none went airborne. A two-seat Blaník sailplane, provided by a member of the London Gliding Club , Dunstable , was towed aloft for the interior takeoff shots. Four Harvards portrayed American and German fighters. Their original identities were PH-KLU, PH-BKT, B-64 and B-118,

10120-415: The role of British secret agent James Bond . He was initially reluctant to commit to a film series, but understood that if the franchise succeeded, his film career would greatly benefit. Between 1962 and 1967, Connery played 007 in Dr. No , From Russia with Love , Goldfinger , Thunderball , and You Only Live Twice , the first five Bond films produced by Eon Productions . After departing from

10235-446: The role of James Bond owed a lot to Dana Broccoli, wife of producer Albert "Cubby" Broccoli , who is reputed to have been instrumental in persuading her husband that Connery was the right man. James Bond's creator, Ian Fleming , originally doubted Connery's casting, saying, "He's not what I envisioned of James Bond looks", and "I'm looking for Commander Bond and not an overgrown stunt-man", adding that Connery (muscular, 6'   2", and

10350-501: The role, Connery returned for the seventh film, Diamonds Are Forever , in 1971. Connery made his final appearance as Bond in Never Say Never Again , a 1983 remake of Thunderball produced by Jack Schwartzman 's Taliafilm. All seven films were commercially successful. James Bond, as portrayed by Connery, was selected as the third-greatest hero in cinema history by the American Film Institute . The choice of Connery for

10465-502: The role. Although the film performed well at the box office, it was plagued with production problems: strife between the director and producer, financial problems, the Fleming estate trustees' attempts to halt the film, and Connery's wrist being broken by the fight choreographer, Steven Seagal . As a result of his negative experiences during filming, Connery became unhappy with the major studios and did not make any films for two years. Following

10580-668: The science fiction thriller Outland . In 1982, Connery narrated G'olé! , the official film of the 1982 FIFA World Cup . That same year, he was offered the role of Daddy Warbucks in Annie , going as far as taking voice lessons for the John Huston musical before turning down the part. Connery agreed to reprise Bond as an ageing agent 007 in Never Say Never Again , released in October 1983. The title, contributed by his wife, refers to his earlier statement that he would "never again" return to

10695-490: The script. Connery insisted that Ken Adam build a special Plexiglas partition inside the pool, but this was not a fixed structure, and one of the sharks managed to pass through it. He had to abandon the pool immediately. Although Bond had made him a star, Connery grew tired of the role and the pressure the franchise put on him, saying "[I am] fed up to here with the whole Bond bit" and "I have always hated that damned James Bond. I'd like to kill him". Michael Caine said of

10810-606: The situation, "If you were his friend in these early days you didn't raise the subject of Bond. He was, and is, a much better actor than just playing James Bond, but he became synonymous with Bond. He'd be walking down the street and people would say, 'Look, there's James Bond'. That was particularly upsetting to him". While making the Bond films, Connery also starred in other films such as Alfred Hitchcock 's Marnie (1964) and Sidney Lumet 's The Hill (1965), which film critic Peter Bradshaw regards as his two great non-Bond pictures from

10925-444: The story in the film A Bridge Too Far ". Stanley Kauffmann of The New Republic wrote "A picture of conventional length on this subject might have scored some conventional ironies. But why did anyone think that a film about a failed WWII operation, without any novelty of information or deepening of history or even differently spectacular action, should run five minutes less than three hours? A Film Too Long". Roger Ebert gave

11040-519: The success of the film series and we shall be forever grateful to him". In 2004, a poll in the UK Sunday Herald recognised Connery as "The Greatest Living Scot" and a 2011 EuroMillions survey named him "Scotland's Greatest Living National Treasure". He was voted by People magazine as the "Sexiest Man Alive" in 1989 and the "Sexiest Man of the Century" in 1999. Connery shares the record for

11155-544: The successful European production The Name of the Rose (1986), for which he won a BAFTA Award for Best Actor , Connery's interest in more commercial material was revived. That same year, a supporting role in Highlander showcased his ability to play older mentors to younger leads, which became a recurring role in many of his later films. In 1987, Connery starred in Brian De Palma 's The Untouchables , where he played

11270-425: The title character's father, and received BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations. Harrison Ford said Connery's contributions at the writing stage enhanced the film. "It was amazing for me in how far he got into the script and went after exploiting opportunities for character. His suggestions to George [Lucas] at the writing stage really gave the character and the picture a lot more complexity and value than it had in

11385-558: The vehicles were being discarded from European military (almost entirely reserve) units, especially from Greece and Turkey . The scenes set around the Arnhem bridge were shot in Deventer , where a similar bridge over the IJssel was still available. Although a replica of the original road bridge in Arnhem existed, by the mid-1970s modern urban development surrounded it, making it impossible to use as

11500-712: The young actor his first chance in a leading role, and cast Connery as Mountain McLintock in BBC Television's production of Requiem for a Heavyweight , which also starred Warren Mitchell and Jacqueline Hill . He then played a rogue lorry driver, Johnny Yates, in Cy Endfield 's Hell Drivers (1957) alongside Stanley Baker , Herbert Lom , Peggy Cummins , and Patrick McGoohan . Later in 1957, Connery appeared in Terence Young 's poorly received MGM action picture Action of

11615-411: Was a backup camera ship on some shots, but it was not camouflaged. An Alouette , G-BDWN, was also employed. After a mishap with G-AWDI, two locally hired Cessna 172s , PH-GVP and PH-ADF, were also used. Ten Horsa glider replicas were built, but a windstorm damaged almost all of them. Seven or eight were hastily repaired for the shoot. The replica gliders were tail-heavy and required a support post under

11730-539: Was a cleaning woman. The daughter of Neil McLean and Helen Forbes Ross, she was named after her father's mother, Euphemia McBain, wife of John McLean and daughter of William McBain from Ceres in Fife. Connery's father, Joseph Connery, was a factory worker and lorry driver. Two of his paternal great-grandparents emigrated to Scotland from Wexford, Ireland , in the mid-19th century, with his great-grandfather James Connery being an Irish Traveller . The remainder of his family

11845-400: Was a keen footballer , having played for Bonnyrigg Rose in his younger days. He was offered a trial with East Fife . While on tour with South Pacific , Connery played in a football match against a local team that Matt Busby , manager of Manchester United , happened to be scouting. According to reports, Busby was impressed with his physical prowess and offered Connery a contract worth £25

11960-506: Was a success at the box office, becoming the sixth-most popular movie of 1977. Operation Market Garden involves 35,000 men being flown 300 miles (480 km) from airfields in England and dropped behind enemy lines in the Netherlands . Two divisions of US paratroopers are responsible for securing the road and bridges as far as Nijmegen . A British division, under Major-General Roy Urquhart ,

12075-410: Was as a milkman in Edinburgh with St. Cuthbert's Co-operative Society . In 2009, Connery recalled a conversation in a taxi: When I took a taxi during a recent Edinburgh Film Festival, the driver was amazed that I could put a name to every street we passed. "How come?" he asked. "As a boy I used to deliver milk round here", I said. "So what do you do now?" That was rather harder to answer. In 1946, at

12190-492: Was happy with the film "with certain reservations". In The Hill , Connery wanted to act in something that wasn't Bond related, and he used his leverage as a star to feature in it. While the film wasn't a financial success it was a critical one, debuting at the Cannes Film Festival winning Best Screenplay. The first of five films he made with Lumet, Connery considered him to be one of his favourite directors. The respect

12305-407: Was known during his teen years as "Big Tam", and he said that he lost his virginity to an adult woman in an ATS uniform at the age of 14. He had an Irish childhood friend named Séamus; when the two were together, those who knew them both called Connery by his middle name Sean, emphasising the alliteration of the two names. Since then Connery preferred to use his middle name. Connery's first job

12420-455: Was later followed by six gang members to a 15-foot-high (4.6 m) balcony at the Palais de Danse. There, Connery singlehandedly launched an attack against the gang members, grabbing one by the throat and another by the biceps and cracking their heads together. From then on, he was treated with great respect by the gang and gained a reputation as a "hard man". Connery first met Michael Caine at

12535-594: Was made a Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in France and a knight by Queen Elizabeth II for his services to drama in 2000 . Thomas Sean Connery was born at the Royal Maternity Hospital in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 25 August 1930; he was named after his paternal grandfather. He was brought up at No. 176 Fountainbridge , a block which has since been demolished. His mother, Euphemia McBain "Effie" McLean,

12650-563: Was mutual, with Lumet saying of Connery's performance in The Hill , "The thing that was apparent to me – and to most directors – was how much talent and ability it takes to play that kind of character who is based on charm and magnetism. It's the equivalent of high comedy and he did it brilliantly." In the mid-1960s, Connery played golf with Scottish industrialist Iain Maxwell Stewart , a connection which led to Connery directing and presenting

12765-460: Was of Scottish descent, and his maternal great-grandparents were native Scottish Gaelic speakers from Fife and Uig on Skye . His father was a Roman Catholic , and his mother was a Protestant . Connery had a younger brother Neil and was generally referred to in his youth as "Tommy". Although he was small in primary school, he grew rapidly around the age of 12, reaching his full adult height of 6 ft 2 in (188 cm) at 18. Connery

12880-462: Was placed in Tallinn , Estonia, outside The Scottish Club, whose membership includes Estonian Scotophiles and a handful of expatriate Scots. In 2012, Connery briefly came out of retirement to voice the title character in the Scottish animated film Sir Billi . Connery served as executive producer for an expanded 80-minute version. During the production of South Pacific in the mid-1950s, Connery dated

12995-527: Was separated in the early 1970s when he dated Dyan Cannon , Jill St. John , Lana Wood , Carole Mallory , and Magda Konopka . In her 2006 autobiography, Cilento alleged that he had abused her mentally and physically during their relationship. Connery cancelled an appearance at the Scottish Parliament in 2006 because of controversy over his alleged support of abuse of women. He denied claims he told Playboy magazine in 1965, "I don't think there

13110-401: Was struggling to make ends meet and was forced to accept a part-time job as a babysitter for journalist Peter Noble and his actress wife Marianne , which earned him 10 shillings a night. He met Hollywood actress Shelley Winters one night at Noble's house, who described Connery as "one of the tallest and most charming and masculine Scotsmen" she had ever seen, and later spent many evenings with

13225-539: Was the second film based on a book by Ryan to be adapted for the screen (after The Longest Day ) (1962). It was the second film based on the events of Operation Market Garden, following Theirs Is the Glory (1946). A co-production between the United Kingdom and the United States, the film was shot on location in the Netherlands , in many of the real locations where the historical events took place. Although released to

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