67-456: The Francis Bowes Sayre Sr. Highway or simply the Sayre Highway is a four-to-six lane, 192-kilometre (119 mi), primary national highway that connects Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental to Kabacan, Cotabato . It traverses the provinces of Misamis Oriental , Bukidnon and Cotabato . The highway's name was Route 3 but was changed to Sayre Highway, in honor of Francis Bowes Sayre, Sr. ,
134-422: A comprehensive planning and set the groundwork for the development of the province. In the 1998 national and local elections, Imelda Quibranza-Dimaporo, wife of Governor Abdullah D. Dimaporo was elected as Provincial Governor until 2007, and from 2016 up to present. The eldest son of former governor and now 2nd district representative Abdullah D. Dimaporo and Imelda Q. Dimaporo, Mohammad Khalid Q. Dimaporo entered
201-639: A contract with the Archaeological Studies Program (ASP) of the University of the Philippines to do salvage archaeology in Huluga and vicinities. The program did not make cooperative linkages with existing archeological programs from Xavier University. The ASP declared that the site was an ancient camp, not a settlement, due to their findings in the destroyed archaeological site. The report did not consider
268-636: A report of British explorer Thomas Forrest , was considered as among the Mindanao 's seven rivers abundant with gold; with a sitio , known for its gold mines, frequently raided by Moros during the Spanish occupation . Through Act No. 951 , issued by the Philippine Commission on October 21, 1903, which reduced the number of municipalities in Misamis from 24 to 10, the territories of Barrio Gusa, along with
335-507: A road in Asia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental Cagayan de Oro ( CDO ), officially the City of Cagayan de Oro ( Cebuano : Dakbayan sa Cagayan de Oro ; Maranao : Bandar a Cagayan de Oro ; Filipino : Lungsod ng Cagayan de Oro ), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Northern Mindanao , Philippines . According to
402-610: A spur route of Asian Highway 26 in the north; and National Route 943 ( N943 ) in the southern portion of the Philippine highway network . Intersections are numbered by kilometre post, with the Rizal Park in Manila designated as kilometre 0 . This article about transportation in Philippines is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to
469-412: Is bordered by Lanao del Sur to the southeast, Zamboanga del Sur to the west, Illana Bay to the southwest, Iligan Bay to the north, and Misamis Oriental to the northeast, and Panguil Bay to the northwest. Lanao del Norte comprises 22 municipalities . The city of Iligan administers itself independently as a highly urbanized city . The population of Lanao del Norte in the 2020 census
536-404: Is located about eight kilometers from present-day Cagayan de Oro. The discovery of a grave site in 2009 uncovered remains of Song dynasty (960–1279 AD) celadon ware and Sukhothai period (1238–1347 AD) Sangkhalok ceramic ware , in addition to body ornaments and stone tools. It indicates that the region was part of the ancient maritime trading network of Southeast Asia . Skulls recovered from
603-563: Is predominantly based on agriculture and fishing. Factories are mostly based in Iligan City. Lanao del Norte is the home of Agus Power plants 4-7 that stretch from Balo-i to Iligan City. It serves major parts of power supply in Mindanao. Tourism is also a growing economy in the province. Salvador T. Lluch was the first Governor of Lanao del Norte. Second was Mohammad Ali Dimaporo , who ruled from January 1960 to September 1965 when he ran and won
670-502: Is the highly urbanized city of Iligan , which is governed independently from the province and also the largest city in both land area and population. The province of Lanao existed from 1914 until 1959. In 1959, Republic Act No. 222 was passed by the Philippine Congress, partitioning Lanao into two provinces: Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur . The new province was inaugurated on July 4, with Iligan City as its capital. Back in
737-640: The Cagayan de Oro River . The name Cagayan de Oro (lit. River of Gold) can be traced back to the arrival of the Spanish Augustinian Recollect friars in 1622, the area around Himologan (now Huluga), was already known as "Cagayán". Early Spanish written documents in the 16th century already referred to the place as "Cagayán". Variations of this word— karayan , kayan , kahayan , kayayan , kagayan and kalayan —all also mean river. The region of Northern Mindanao , which included Cagayan de Oro,
SECTION 10
#1732854695223804-629: The People Power Revolution through rallies in the streets of the city. When the revolution succeeded and ousted Marcos from power in Manila, the city was among those who supported the installation of Corazon Aquino as president. On 4 October 1990, the city was seized by a rebel army led by dissident RAM officer Alexander Noble and civilian supporters of the Mindanao Independence Movement led by Reuben Canoy , who marched across
871-577: The Philippine flag was raised for the second time in Mindanao . At that time, the town joined the Aguinaldo government in the second time it was declared. Spain's cession of the Philippines to the United States through a peace treaty in 1898 mainly caused opposition from residents of then Cagayan de Misamis. Their involvement in the Philippine–American War was prompted by the presence of
938-553: The Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1977 was dated to be from between 350 and 377 AD. The caves have yielded numerous artifacts, but most areas have been badly damaged by guano collectors and amateur treasure hunters . Associated with the cave is the Huluga Open Site, believed to be the site of the primary pre-colonial settlement in the region identified as "Himologan" by the first Spanish missionaries. The site
1005-571: The sultan of the Islamized Sultanate of Maguindanao to the south. In 1626, Fray Agustín de San Pedro persuaded the chief of Himologan, Datu Salangsang, to transfer his settlement down the Cagayan River, to the present-day Gaston Park. De San Pedro later fortified the new settlement against Sultan Kudarat's raiders. In 1738, Spanish dominance was felt in Cagayan de Oro. When Misamis gained
1072-553: The 2020 census, it has a population of 728,402 people, making it the 10th most populous city in the Philippines and the most populous in Northern Mindanao. It serves as the capital of the province of Misamis Oriental wherein it is geographically situated and grouped under the province by the Philippine Statistics Authority , but governed administratively independent from the provincial government and also
1139-544: The Americans, who had invaded the municipality on March 31, 1900, and whom they fought against thrice since then. Resistance fighters lost in the early battles. On April 7, Gen. Nicolas Capistrano led an attack in the town center , on the garrison of the U.S. 40th Infantry Regiment under Col. Edward Godwin, but were repulsed with heavy losses. On May 14, the positions of the 1st Company of El Mindanao Battalon in Agusan Hill
1206-461: The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), and at least 20,000 people were staying in 10 evacuation centers in Cagayan de Oro. Officials were also investigating reports that an entire village was swept away. The confirmed death toll from the disaster is 1,268. In January 2017, Cagayan de Oro, along with other parts of Visayas and Mindanao, was impacted by a combination of a low-pressure area and
1273-522: The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. According to this law, the six municipalities of Munai, Tagoloan, Pantar, Baloi, Tangcal, and Nunungan would be incorporated into this new region should a majority of voters in both the affected municipality and the parent province vote in favor of inclusion of the aforementioned municipalities in the proposed autonomous region in a plebiscite. The plebiscite
1340-670: The Christian provinces of Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon tended to settle in the northern part of Lanao while the Maranaos inhabited the south. There are also a minority of Higaonons settling in the hinterlands of Iligan. Kankanaey , an ethnic group from the Cordilleras in Luzon , can also be found as a minority in the province. The Maranao had settled in the area long before the arrival of the Spaniards in
1407-474: The Marcos regime. By the time martial law ended, more than a thousand people from the city had been tortured, raped, electrocuted, or salvaged. This included public school teacher Nicanor Gonzales Jr., who was detained for seven months and heavily tortured, leaving an abnormal growth on his skull. He was eventually honored in 2015 by having his name inscribed at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani , which honors
SECTION 20
#17328546952231474-463: The Open Site and caves separate accession numbers. In 1999, however, mayor Vicente Y. Emano conceived the plan to bulldoze Huluga to give way to a road-and-bridge project. The project was stopped in 2001, but was eventually continued in 2002. The construction destroyed at least 60% of the archaeological site's open area, where the majority of artifacts can be found. Protests against the heritage destruction
1541-574: The Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region . Its capital is Tubod . The province borders Lanao del Sur to the southeast, Zamboanga del Sur to the west, Illana Bay to the southwest, Iligan Bay to the north, Misamis Oriental to the northeast, and is separated from Misamis Occidental by Panguil Bay to the northwest. According to the 2020 census, the province has a total population of 722,902 people. Situated within Lanao del Norte
1608-723: The Philippines. In July 2024, the City Local Environment Office announced the discovery of a hidden and untouched cave in Dansolihon village . Described as time capsule , the second cave discovered in the city, like the Macahambus Cave , features water dripping , speleothem , stalactites , stalagmites and houses a bat colony . On the evening of December 16–17, 2011, Tropical Storm Sendong (international name Washi ) caused widespread flash flooding in Northern Mindanao. In Cagayan de Oro, hundreds living near
1675-413: The Philippines. Like other groups, they possess their own culture which makes them quite unique. Their language, customs, traditions, religion, social system, costumes, music, and other features are factors that make Lanao peculiar and distinct from other Philippine provinces. The main languages are Maranao , Cebuano , and Binukid , with the latter being the native language of majority of the citizens of
1742-762: The Sangguniang Panlalawigan ( Parliamentary Bill No. 586 ) sponsored by Assemblyman Abdullah D. Dimaporo, into Presidential Decree 181 transferring the province's capital from Iligan City to the municipality of Tubod . In October 1984, inaugural ceremonies were held to celebrate the occasion of the transfer of the Provincial Capitol from Poblacion, Tubod to the Don Mariano Marcos Government Center (now Governor Arsenio A. Quibranza Provincial Government Center) at Pigcarangan, in Tubod. Despite
1809-485: The Spanish period, Iligan was founded by thousands of Visayan immigrants and garrisoned by a hundred Spanish soldiers. The province then consisted of the municipalities of Baloi, Kauswagan, Bacolod, Maigo, Kolambugan, Tubod, Baroy, Lala, Kapatagan, Karomatan and the following municipal districts that got converted into regular municipalities of Matungao, Pantao Ragat, Munai, Tangcal, and Nunungan. In 1977, President Ferdinand E. Marcos signed Resolution No. 805, s. 1977 of
1876-537: The U.S. Philippine High Commissioner who spearheaded its construction. It extends southward through central Mindanao for a distance of about 161 kilometers (100 mi), linking the northern and southern arms of Route 1 (Digos–Butuan Highway). This section of the Philippine national highway was constructed during the American occupation of the Philippines . The parts of the highway are composed of National Route 10 ( N10 ),
1943-496: The archeological importance of the site by declaring it as a "camp-like area" and not a settlement and thus not worthy of heritage protection under the laws. It was alleged by local conservationists that the UP-ASP team were influenced by the local government so the bridge project could continue. The site is still not protected and continues to be quarried, despite protests by local historians and archeologists. The Himologan settlement
2010-667: The area. This caused the HCA to file a case against Emano and the contractor, UKC Builders, before the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB). However, the construction continued and was inaugurated in September 2003 by Emano. A day later, president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo made a speech in UNESCO about her administration's gains in cultural conservation. In January 2004, the city council enacted an ordinance that authorized Emano to sign
2077-504: The banks of the Cagayan de Oro River were killed, with hundreds still missing. Officials said that despite government warning, some people did not evacuate. Five people were killed in a landslide, while others died in the flash floods which occurred overnight, following 10 hours of rain , compounded by overflowing rivers and tributaries. Most of the victims had been sleeping. In some areas, up to 20 centimeters of rain fell in 24 hours. More than 2,000 were rescued, according to
Sayre Highway - Misplaced Pages Continue
2144-531: The city and took over the regional military garrison at Camp Edilberto Evangelista as part of an attempted coup against President Corazon Aquino. However, Noble's forces failed to gain further support and were isolated by government forces, culminating in Noble's surrender and Canoy's arrest on 6 October. In 1992, the National Museum of the Philippines recognized the archaeological value of Huluga when it gave
2211-523: The city for any length of time due to the constant pressure and attacks from the Philippine resistant movement. Combined American and Free Philippine forces landed in Cagayan de Oro on May 10, 1945, three years and 7 days after the Japanese occupation. During this period the Japanese committed many atrocities against the local population of Cagayan de Oro, as they did throughout the Philippines. Colonel Fumio Suzuki and two hundred of his men escaped capture during
2278-432: The city, where enslaved local girls and teenagers were forced by Japanese soldiers into sexual slavery, which included routine gang-rapes and murders. The Japanese army implemented a scorch-earth policy. Filipino and American guerrilla forces fought back during this occupation and American planes bombed both the university and San Agustin church on October 10, 1944. The Japanese were never able to successfully move outside
2345-450: The coastal shorelines in the north to the high plateaus and mountains in the south. It has also diverse flora and fauna. Lanao del Norte covers a total area of 3,346.57 square kilometres (1,292.12 sq mi) occupying the southwestern section of the Northern Mindanao region in Mindanao . When Iligan is included for geographical purposes, the province's land area is 4,159.94 square kilometres (1,606.16 sq mi). The province
2412-495: The congressional seat of the province. By operation of the law of succession, Vice Governor Arsenio A. Quibranza became the third Provincial Chief Executive of the province. By the mandate of the inhabitants, Quibranza was elected governor in 1967 and almost unanimously re-elected in 1971 and again in 1980. When Martial Law was declared, Quibranza was arrested as ordered by President Marcos. While in prison, Vice Governor “Toto” Felix Z. Actub would succeed him as Governor By virtue of
2479-423: The eastern side. Cagayan de Oro is located along the north central coast of Mindanao island facing Macajalar Bay and is bordered by the municipalities of Opol to the west, Tagoloan to the east, and the provinces of Bukidnon and Lanao del Norte to the south of the city. Cagayan de Oro is also famous for its white water rafting or kayaking adventures, one of the tourism activities being promoted along
2546-473: The evacuation of residents during the war, and the town's short distance from Cagayan, Gusa was reverted to a barrio , being part of Agusan. Agusan became one of the ten barrios of Cagayan in 1844. It was the starting point for those traveling to Bukidnon until the late 1920s. On May 14, 1900, the 1st Company of the Mindanao Battalion perished in a battle against the Americans on the hills near
2613-624: The findings of Xavier University. The issue later climbed into the Philippine Senate, where Loren Legarda issued a resolution for investigation of the matter, but the investigation was never approved by the other members of the Senate. The artifacts found in the Huluga Caves and its destroyed open site from 1992 to 2003 are housed in Xavier University, Capitol University, and the University of
2680-454: The floodwaters. A basement parking area of a mall at the corner of Corrales St. was covered with water, while another one near Bitan-ag Creek was flooded as well, even though the area was elevated. Lanao del Norte Lanao del Norte ( Cebuano : Amihanang Lanao ; Tagalog : Hilagang Lanao ; Maranao : Pangotaraan Ranao ), officially the Province of Lanao del Norte , is a province in
2747-472: The guidance of the United States. Consequently, from a purely farming-fishing area, Cagayan de Oro emerged into a booming commerce and trade center, attracting migrants from Luzon and Visayas to settle in the area. Americans gave the Philippines its independence on July 4, 1946. On May 3, 1942, American and Philippine forces fought heroically against invading Japanese forces from Panay. Unable to resist
Sayre Highway - Misplaced Pages Continue
2814-515: The increase of immigrants later resulted in all of the natives leaving the area. At the time of the American occupation , during the Philippine–American War , in 1901, Gen. Nicolas Capistrano chose to meet there twice with the American military officials for a peace conference, held in Julian Gevero's residence, eventually ending the year-long war. However, due to decrease of population following
2881-443: The installation of President Corazon Aquino as president, OIC Atty. Francisco L. Abalos became the appointed governor of the province on March 3, 1986. On February 2, 1988, Abalos was elected as governor of the province. In the synchronized National Election of May 11, 1992, Congressman Abdullah D. Dimaporo, a legislator, economist and son of Mohammad Ali Dimaporo, was elected Provincial Governor. The Provincial government embarked on
2948-434: The largest city of that province. It also serves as the regional center and business hub of Northern Mindanao, and part of the growing Metropolitan Cagayan de Oro area, which includes the city of El Salvador , the towns of Opol , Alubijid , Laguindingan , Gitagum , Lugait , Naawan , Initao , Libertad and Manticao at the western side, and the towns of Tagoloan , Villanueva , Jasaan , Claveria and Balingasag at
3015-457: The liberation of the city and withdrew into the mountainous jungle. They were caught two years later; only 38 survived, by cannibalizing the Higaonon tribal people. At least 70 people were eaten. A Cagayanon, the physician Antonio Julian Montalvan , was a member of an espionage team working for the return of Gen. Douglas MacArthur to the Philippines. Later, he became part of a Manila spy network. He
3082-459: The martyrs and heroes who resisted the authoritarian regime. Cagayan de Oro did not take these human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship lightly, and the city came to have a reputation as one of the centers of political opposition in the Philippines. Cagayan de Oro was declared a highly urbanized city by the Ministry of Local Government on November 22, 1983. In 1986, the city participated in
3149-721: The outbreak of the conflict of the MILF led by Abdullah Commander Bravo Goldiano Macapaar bin Sabbar and the Philippine Army in Kauswagan in March 2000, through the provincial government's effort, peace and order was restored in the province. In 2018, the Bangsamoro Organic Law was passed into law; this law provided for the establishment of a new Bangsamoro autonomous region to replace
3216-502: The overwhelming and the better supplied Japanese, the allied forces retreated to more defensible positions outside the city. The Japanese burned most of the city and took up residence at the Ateneo de Cagayan University , now Xavier University Grade School and used the ferry crossing near San Agustin Church. In addition, the Japanese also established at least three (likely more) "comfort stations" in
3283-460: The power and impact of the People Power Revolution on EDSA on February 25, 1986, local government all over the Philippines changed the political atmosphere overnight. Lanao del Norte became one among the many provinces affected by the sudden changes brought by the "Snap Election" in February 1986. Local heads of offices and employees particularly those holding political positions were removed but with
3350-568: The province. Aside from this, Filipino (Tagalog) and English are understood and spoken. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) report in 2020, Roman Catholicism makeup for 47.3% of the population of Lanao del Norte while 45.5% are adherents of Islam . Other religions include other denominations of Christianity, Buddhism and other beliefs. Poverty incidence of Lanao del Norte Source: Philippine Statistics Authority The economy in Lanao del Norte
3417-559: The river. On May 10, 1945, the beaches of Agusan and Bugo were the landing sites of the soldiers of the United States Army 's 40th Division , which joined with that of the 31st Division in Bukidnon where they finally defeated the Japanese in a battle. Iponan (spelled "Yponan" in Spanish colonial records), originally called Kalumpang , was the place where there were streams meeting at one point to form Iponan River which, according to
SECTION 50
#17328546952233484-538: The same name (one being the longest in the Philippines ), the Cagayan Islands in the northern Sulu Sea, and the former Cagayan de Sulu, currently named Mapun , an island in Tawi-Tawi . The Cagayan de Oro area was continuously inhabited by Late Neolithic to Iron Age Austronesian cultures. The oldest human remains discovered was from the Huluga Caves , once used as a burial place by the natives. A skullcap sent to
3551-489: The sites show that native Kagay-anons practiced artificial cranial deformation since childhood as a mark of social status, similar to skulls from archeological sites in neighboring Butuan . The Huluga Open Site was extensively damaged in 2001 to give way to a bridge project by the local administration. It was the source of controversy when a team from the University of the Philippines -Archaeological Studies Program dismissed
3618-472: The status of a chartered city to the Municipality of Cagayan de Misamis. This was made possible through the efforts of then Cagayan de Oro Congressman Emmanuel Pelaez . Suniel was the last municipal mayor of Cagayan de Misamis and the first city mayor of Cagayan de Oro. During the martial law era, Cagayan de Oro was not spared from military bombings and the usage of brutal mechanisms against dissenters of
3685-462: The status of province in 1818, one of its four districts was the Partidos de Cagayan. In 1871, the "Partidos" became a town and was made a permanent capital of Misamis. On February 27, 1872, Governor-General Carlos María de La Torre issued a decree declaring Cagayan the permanent capital of Segundo Distrito de Misamis . During this era, the name of the town was known as Cagayan de Misamis . In 1883,
3752-490: The tail-end of a cold front . The heavy rain inundated many streets, stranding many commuters. At the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP) , about 900–1,000 students were trapped as most of their campus was flooded. The students were forced to climb to the upper floors of the school's buildings and wait until rescue arrived. The city's shopping malls on Claro M. Recto Avenue were also severely affected, with Limketkai Center completely inundated by
3819-460: The town became a seat of the Spanish government in Mindanao for the provinces of Misamis Oriental , Misamis Occidental , Bukidnon and Lanao del Norte . The Spanish authorities surrendered to Misamis governor Jose Roa and municipal mayor Toribio Chavez, both appointees of President Emilio Aguinaldo . With the Fiesta Nacional of January 10–11, 1899, their independence was celebrated as
3886-512: The town of El Salvador. In 1949, a delegation headed by Cagayan de Misamis mayor Maximo Y. Suniel travelled to Manila to persuade the Philippine Congress to enact a legislative act supporting the creation of the City of Cagayan. In 1950, the barrios of Opol, Igpit, and Lower Iponan (now Barangay Barra) were separated from Cagayan de Oro to form the town of Opol . On June 15, 1950, President Elpidio Quirino signed Republic Act No. 521, which granted
3953-448: The towns of Iponan, Opol, Salvador, and Alubijid, joined with Cagayan; while the rest of Agusan joined with Tagoloan . Agusan, later a barrio , along with Bogo and Alae, were transferred from Tagoloan to the newly-converted Cagayan de Oro City in 1950. In 1948, the barrios of El Salvador and Molugan with their sitios known as Sala, Sambulawan, Sinaloc, Lagtang, Talaba, Kalabaylabay and Hinigdaan were separated from Cagayan de Oro to form
4020-475: Was 722,902 people, with a density of 220 inhabitants per square kilometre or 570 inhabitants per square mile. When Iligan is included for geographical purposes, the province's population is 1,019,013 people, with a density of 245 inhabitants per square kilometre (630/sq mi). The people in Lanao del Norte are a mixture of Maranaos and Cebuanos, with some Maguindanaons , Zamboangueños , Tausugs , Yakan , and Sama-Bajau . Historically, immigrants who came from
4087-476: Was attacked by a military unit under Col. Walter Elliot, with 38 members including their commander, Capt. Vicente Roa, killed. On June 4, the said battalion, under Col. Apolinar Velez and Lt. Cruz Taal, repulsed the U.S. 35th Regiment during the Battle of Makahambus Hill ; marking the Americans' first defeat in the war. After the troubled years, peace finally brought back the economic activities to normality under
SECTION 60
#17328546952234154-526: Was captured, tortured and decapitated by the Japanese. Iponan, Gusa and Agusan, the city's oldest barangays , were once municipalities during the colonial period. Iponan and Agusan, along with Bayug, Gompot (Balingasag), and Tagoloan, were among the visitas established by the Recollect missionaries in Cagaiang (city's former name) in 1674. The two were under Partido de Cagayan as the then-undivided Misamis
4221-628: Was granted as encomienda to a certain Don Juan Griego on January 25, 1571. It was then former Vice President of the Philippines Emmanuel Peláez who appended " de Oro" to Cagayan . The name " Cagayan " is shared by other places in the Philippines; these include the province of Cagayan in Cagayan Valley , northern Luzon –in which is said to have similar reference with Cagayan de Oro as they refer to their respective rivers with
4288-424: Was held the following year. A majority of voters in the affected municipalities voted in favor of inclusion in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region; however, the rest of Lanao del Norte voted strongly against, and as a result, none of the six municipalities were included in the new autonomous region after the provincial government campaigned against their inclusion. Lanao del Norte is a rugged province that ranges from
4355-477: Was made by cultural experts, but nothing happened with their plea. In 2003, the Heritage Conservation Advocates (HCA) went to the open area of Huluga for a scientific surface investigation and managed to find earthenware, Chinese pottery sherds, obsidian flakes, animal bones, an ancient Spanish coin, and a whale harpoon similar to those being used in Lomblen Island, Indonesia. The newly discovered artifacts proved that there are still many artifacts that can be found in
4422-420: Was partitioned into four partidos in 1818. Iponan was made into a separate parish in 1833. The three became visitas of then Cagayan de Misamis, which became the new provincial capital in 1871. Gusa was established as a barrio in 1771, and shortly, became a municipality. Original settlers were Bukidnons , as well as few Manobos and Moros , who came from barrio Lapasan and town of Cagayan; but
4489-565: Was still occupied by the time the Europeans made contact. In 1622, two Spanish Augustinian Recollect missionaries reached the settlement and described it as being inhabited by a mixed stock descended from highlander Bukidnon Lumad and sea-faring Visayans ("Dumagat"). They described the men of the settlement as being tattooed like other Visayans and the women as being ornamented with intricate jewelry, some of which were golden. They also identified them as animists , practicing traditional anitism , though they paid tribute to Muhammad Kudarat ,
#222777