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161-450: In the middle of the 20th century, authors appeared among the white émigrés, writing of neo-paganism. Among them were Alexander Kurenkov (pseudonym - Al. Kur, 1891-1971) and writer Yuri Mirolyubov (1892-1970), who first published in 1953-1957 in the Firebird magazine ( San Francisco ). Mirolyubov also owns a number of pseudo-historical works, including the book "Rig Veda and Paganism", Kurenkov -

322-442: A 103-foot (31 m) tall cross built in 1934. Dominating this area is Sutro Tower , a large red and white radio and television transmission tower reaching 1,811 ft (552 m) above sea level. The nearby San Andreas and Hayward Faults are responsible for much earthquake activity, although neither physically passes through the city itself. The San Andreas Fault caused the earthquakes in 1906 and 1989. Minor earthquakes occur on

483-641: A Slavic coloration, or as Slavic "spirituality" or "spiritualism". Rodnovery has a significant role in the war in Donbas , with many Rodnovers joining pro-russian armed forces in Donetsk and Lugansk. In 2014 Donetsk People's Republic adopted a "constitution" which stated that the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate was the official religion of the self-declared state. This was changed with

644-611: A common place to live for people employed in Silicon Valley companies such as Apple and Google . The early 2020s featured an exodus of tech companies from Downtown San Francisco in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and struggles with homelessness and public drug use. Although some observers have raised the possibility that office vacancies and declining tax revenues could cause San Francisco to enter an economic doom loop , other sources have refuted this broad-based characterization of

805-640: A flood of treasure seekers (known as "forty-niners," as in "1849"). With their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia , raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of wealth was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships , saloons , and hotels; many were left to rot, and some were sunk to establish title to

966-452: A fort on Alcatraz Island to secure San Francisco Bay. San Francisco County was one of the state's 18 original counties established at California statehood in 1850. Until 1856, San Francisco's city limits extended west to Divisadero Street and Castro Street, and south to 20th Street. In 1856, the California state government divided the county. A straight line was then drawn across the tip of

1127-477: A gourmet marketplace. San Francisco has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen : Csb , Trewartha : Csll), characteristic of California's coast, with moist winters and dry summers. San Francisco's weather is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean on the west side of the city, and the water of San Francisco Bay to the north and east. This moderates temperature swings and produces

1288-521: A greedy egoist, usurer, dreaming of world Jewish domination. The scholar Kaarina Aitamurto observed that a "substantial number" of Russian Rodnovers, and in particular the earliest adherents, belonged to the "technical intelligentsia". Similarly, the scholar Victor Schnirelmann noted that the founders of Russian Rodnovery were "well-educated urbanized intellectuals" who had become frustrated with "cosmopolitan urban culture". Physicists were particularly well represented; in this Aitamurto drew comparisons to

1449-528: A land area of 46.9 square miles (121 square kilometers) at the upper end of the San Francisco Peninsula , making it the second-most densely populated major U.S. city behind New York City and the fifth-most densely populated U.S. county , behind four of New York City's boroughs . Among the 92 U.S. cities proper with over 250,000 residents, San Francisco is ranked first by per capita income and sixth by aggregate income as of 2022. San Francisco anchors

1610-554: A large African American population after World War II . The Western Addition is usually divided into smaller neighborhoods including Hayes Valley , the Fillmore , and Japantown , which was once the largest Japantown in North America but suffered when its Japanese American residents were forcibly removed and interned during World War II. The Western Addition survived the 1906 earthquake with its Victorians largely intact, including

1771-647: A light rail and bus network , in tandem with the BART and Caltrain systems, connects nearly every part of San Francisco with the wider region. San Francisco, which is Spanish for "Saint Francis," takes its name from Mission San Francisco de Asís , which in turn was named after Saint Francis of Assisi . The mission received its name in 1776, when it was founded by the Spanish under the leadership of Padre Francisco Palóu . The city has officially been known as San Francisco since 1847, when Washington Allon Bartlett , then serving as

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1932-578: A magnet for America's counterculture movement . Beat Generation writers fueled the San Francisco Renaissance and centered on the North Beach neighborhood in the 1950s. Hippies flocked to Haight-Ashbury in the 1960s, reaching a peak with the 1967 Summer of Love . In 1974, the Zebra murders left at least 16 people dead. In the 1970s, the city became a center of the gay rights movement , with

2093-652: A nationalist and genuinely socialist (i.e., National Socialist ) movement. According to these authors, Stalin restored and enlarged the Russian Empire by conquering other peoples and suppressing the Jews, and the urgent task of the patriots is to revive the original pagan faith, Stalinism and the Stalinist state. Organized by this "Vedic Center", the movement "Toward the Power of God" was registered in 70 cities. The Ryazan community, which

2254-851: A number in the double digits (such as 30 in Krasnodar Krai ); the largest settlements were found in Moscow Oblast , in Krasnodar Krai, in the southern and middle Ural region , and in Novosibirsk Oblast . In 2019, the scholars Anna A. Konopleva and Igor O. Kakhuta stated that "the popularity of Neopaganism in Russia is obvious". According to the scholar Andrey Beskov, the number of Rodnovers and generally modern Pagans in Russia might be larger than what surveys attest, as many of those people who identify themselves as "Orthodox" might actually be Rodnovers, as

2415-440: A port and naval base, post-Conquest San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. Situated at the tip of a windswept peninsula without water or firewood, San Francisco lacked most of the basic facilities for a 19th-century settlement. These natural disadvantages forced the town's residents to bring water, fuel and food to the site. Its 1847 population was said to be 459. The California gold rush brought

2576-424: A regular basis. The threat of major earthquakes plays a large role in the city's infrastructure development. The city constructed an auxiliary water supply system and has repeatedly upgraded its building codes, requiring retrofits for older buildings and higher engineering standards for new construction. However, there are still thousands of smaller buildings that remain vulnerable to quake damage. USGS has released

2737-457: A remarkably mild year-round climate with little seasonal temperature variation. Vladimir the Great This is an accepted version of this page Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych ( Old East Slavic : Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь , romanized:  Volodiměr Svętoslavič ; Christian name : Basil ; c.  958  – 15 July 1015), given

2898-583: A significant portion of the Comstock Lode 's gold and silver mines, establishing a virtual monopoly. Using his incredible clout, Ralston was able to generate millions of dollars for San Francisco during its heady boom years. He founded the Bank of California , the first bank in the Western United States, and built the opulent Palace Hotel, a symbol of San Francisco's newfound prosperity and the largest hotel in

3059-516: A spacious public park, resulting in plans for Golden Gate Park . San Franciscans built schools, churches, theaters, and all the hallmarks of civic life. The Presidio developed into the most important American military installation on the Pacific coast. By 1890, San Francisco's population approached 300,000, making it the eighth-largest city in the United States at the time. Around 1901, San Francisco

3220-427: A substantial portion working as business owners or managers. A high proportion were also involved in specialist professions such as engineering, the academia, or information technology, and the majority lived in cities. The "vast majority" of Russian Rodnovers were young and there were a greater proportion of men than women. The historian Marlène Laruelle similarly noted that Rodnovery in Russia has spread mostly among

3381-531: A total of 21.9 million visitors. It is known for its steep rolling hills and eclectic mix of architecture across varied neighborhoods , its Chinatown and Mission districts, its cooling summers, fog , and landmarks including the Golden Gate Bridge , cable cars , and Alcatraz . The city is home to a number of educational and cultural institutions, such as the University of California, San Francisco ,

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3542-479: A wave of " Manhattanization " that lasted until the late 1980s, a period of extensive high-rise development downtown. The 1980s also saw a dramatic increase in the number of homeless people in the city, an issue that remains today, despite many attempts to address it. The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged structures in

3703-464: Is around nine, is uncertain. His wives, concubines, and their children were as follows: The Eastern Orthodox , Byzantine Rite Lutheran and Roman Catholic churches celebrate the feast day of St. Vladimir on 15/28 July. The town Volodymyr in north-western Ukraine was founded by Vladimir and is named after him. The foundation of another town, Vladimir in Russia, is usually attributed to Vladimir Monomakh . However some researchers argue that it

3864-462: Is attractive because of its "paradoxical conjunction" of tradition and modernity, recovery of the past through innovative syntheses and millenarian projections, and because of its values calling for a rediscovery of the true relationship between mankind, nature and the ancestors. Rodnovery has taken strong roots in the North Caucasus region of Russia, especially among communities of Cossacks and in

4025-483: Is essentially their original form, but most of the city's natural watercourses, such as Islais Creek and Mission Creek , have been partially or completely culverted and built over. Since the 1990s, however, the Public Utilities Commission has been studying proposals to daylight or restore some creeks. An Historical Center of San Francisco monument, where the 1899–1906 City Hall was once located,

4186-408: Is gone." Rebuilding was rapid and performed on a grand scale. Rejecting calls to completely remake the street grid, San Franciscans opted for speed. Amadeo Giannini 's Bank of Italy , later to become Bank of America , provided loans for many of those whose livelihoods had been devastated. The influential San Francisco Planning and Urban Research Association or SPUR was founded in 1910 to address

4347-566: Is in United Nations Plaza , at 37°46′48″N 122°24′49″W  /  37.7800397°N 122.4135943°W  / 37.7800397; -122.4135943 The earliest center of San Francisco is Portsmouth Square , in the northeast quadrant of the city anchored by Market Street and the waterfront. Here in the northeast quadrant, the Financial District is centered, with Union Square , the principal shopping and hotel district, and

4508-814: Is part of the Union of Slavic Native Belief Communities, supports communists. Arena Atlas 2012: 1.7 million ROC of Astrakhan 2015: 2+ million Tsirkon 2012: 40% of Russians were "pagans", non-Christians (excl. Muslims) Arena Atlas 2012: 750,000 Rodnovers & 950,000 other Pagans Yashin 2001: 3,000 Ynglists in Omsk Omsk District Court 2009: 13,000 Ynglists in Omsk Prokofiev et al. 2006: 40,000 Slavic-Hill practitioners Knorre 2006: 10,000 Ivanovites Tambovtseva 2019: 7,000–10,000 Vseyasvetniks Ozhiganova 2015: 10,989 Pozanenko 2016: 12,000–50,000 Writing in 2000, Schnirelmann noted that Rodnovery

4669-716: Is reflected, in particular, in the novel of the neo-pagan writer Sergey Alekseyev “I know God!” (1999). According to the work, the mother of Vladimir Malush was a rootless slave of the Khazars, who was recaptured from the latter by Prince Igor. This introduction of the Khazar element into the environment of the Russian princes was planned in advance and carried out by the Khazar-Jewish elite of the Khazar Khaganate. Alekseyev portrayed Vladimir as

4830-640: Is represented by Vladimir Avdeyev, Anatoly Ivanov, Pavel Tulayev (members of the Moscow Slavic Community and founders of the New Right journal Ateney ), Alexey Trekhlebov from Krasnodar , Valery Demin from Omsk , and the Saint Petersburg journalists Oleg Gusev and Roman Perin, among others. The scholar Adrian Ivakhiv reported that these intellectuals have a "surprisingly extensive" influence. The well-known Rodnover volkhv Velimir (Nikolay Speransky)

4991-568: Is the founder of the politically neutral Circle of Pagan Tradition . The right wing is represented by Valery Yemelyanov, volkhv Dobroslav ( Alexey Dobrovolsky ), Vladimir Istarkhov, Igor Sinyavin , the Union of Slavic Native Belief Communities founded by Vadim Kazakov, and the Nav Society of Ilya Lazarenko, Anton Platov, Alexander Asov, and Alexander Khinevich (founder of Ynglism ), although most of their activities took place outside of politics. Since

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5152-537: The 13th most populous metropolitan statistical area in the United States , with almost 4.6 million residents in 2023. The larger San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland combined statistical area , the fifth-largest urban region in the U.S., had a 2023 estimated population of over 9 million. Prior to European settlement , the modern city proper was inhabited by the Yelamu , who spoke a language now referred to as Ramaytush Ohlone . On June 29, 1776, settlers from New Spain established

5313-614: The Bear Flag Revolt in Sonoma and the beginning of the U.S. Conquest of California , American forces from the USS Portsmouth under the command of John B. Montgomery captured Yerba Buena on July 9, 1846, with little resistance from the local Californio population, raising the American flag over Yerba Buena plaza (later renamed Portsmouth Square in commemoration of this event). Following

5474-562: The California earthquake forecast which models earthquake occurrence in California. San Francisco's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. Entire neighborhoods such as the Marina , Mission Bay , and Hunters Point , as well as large sections of the Embarcadero , sit on areas of landfill . Treasure Island was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from

5635-874: The Cherven towns from the Duchy of Poland ; in 981–982, he suppressed a Vyatichi rebellion; in 983, he subdued the Yatvingians ; in 984, he conquered the Radimichs ; and in 985, he conducted a military campaign against the Volga Bulgars , planting numerous fortresses and colonies on his way. Although Christianity had spread in the region under Oleg's rule, Vladimir had remained a thoroughgoing pagan, taking eight hundred concubines (along with numerous wives) and erecting pagan statues and shrines to gods. He may have attempted to reform Slavic paganism in an attempt to identify himself with

5796-704: The Institute of Russian Literature of the USSR Academy of Sciences . In 1993, his book was published in Ukrainian, containing the apologetics of the Book of Veles. In the USSR, the "Book of Veles" became widely known thanks to the program article “Vityazi” (1971) by member of the "Russian Party" poet Igor Kobzev, who was fond of Russian paganism and contrasted it with "forcibly implanted" Christianity, which allegedly caused irreparable harm to

5957-495: The Marina and South of Market districts and precipitated the demolition of the damaged Embarcadero Freeway and much of the damaged Central Freeway , allowing the city to reclaim The Embarcadero as its historic downtown waterfront and revitalizing the Hayes Valley neighborhood. The two recent decades have seen booms driven by the internet industry. During the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, startup companies invigorated

6118-603: The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists . On December 5, 1965, he organized a demonstration on Pushkin Square. In 1968, he was involved in the Trial of the Four . In 1969, Dobrovolsky bought a library and immersed himself in history, esotericism, and parapsychology. In 1989, together with Valery Yemelyanov, Dobrovolsky took part in the creation of the "Moscow Slavic Pagan Community", which

6279-748: The Poliane ". Open abuse of the deities that most people in Rus' revered triggered widespread indignation. A mob killed the Christian Fyodor and his son Ioann (later, after the overall Christianisation of Kievan Rus', people came to regard these two as the first Christian martyrs in Rus', and the Orthodox Church set a day to commemorate them, 25 July ). Immediately after said murder, early medieval Rus' saw persecutions against Christians, many of whom escaped or concealed their belief. However, Prince Vladimir mused over

6440-623: The Presidio of San Francisco at the Golden Gate , and the Mission San Francisco de Asís a few miles away, both named for Francis of Assisi . The California gold rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, transforming an unimportant hamlet into a busy port, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time; between 1870 and 1900, approximately one quarter of California's population resided in

6601-625: The Primary Chronicle , he founded the city of Belgorod in 991. In 992, he went on a campaign against the Croats, most likely the White Croats that lived on the border of modern Ukraine . This campaign was cut short by the attacks of the Pechenegs on and around Kiev . In his later years he lived in relative peace with his other neighbors: Bolesław I of Poland , Stephen I of Hungary , and Andrikh

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6762-511: The Stavropol Krai , where in some areas it is reported to have become the dominant religion. It has also been reported that even former priests of the Russian Orthodox Church have joined the Rodnover movement. Studying the specific Rodnover movement of Anastasianism , organised in networks of "ancestral villages" and "homesteads", the scholar Artemy A. Pozanenko observed that the inhabitants of

6923-495: The Tenderloin nearby. Cable cars carry riders up steep inclines to the summit of Nob Hill , once the home of the city's business tycoons, and down to the waterfront tourist attractions of Fisherman's Wharf , and Pier 39 , where many restaurants feature Dungeness crab from a still-active fishing industry. Also in this quadrant are Russian Hill , a residential neighborhood with the famously crooked Lombard Street ; North Beach ,

7084-1116: The University of San Francisco , San Francisco State University , the San Francisco Conservatory of Music , the de Young Museum , the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art , the San Francisco Symphony , the San Francisco Ballet , the San Francisco Opera , the SFJAZZ Center , and the California Academy of Sciences . Two major league sports teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Golden State Warriors , play their home games within San Francisco proper. San Francisco International Airport (SFO) offers flights to over 125 destinations, while

7245-426: The history of Scandinavia , Vladimir is also known as Valdemar or the Old Norse form Valdamarr (see Waldemar ). Born in 958, Vladimir was the illegitimate and youngest son of Sviatoslav I of Kiev by his housekeeper Malusha . Malusha is described in the Norse sagas as a prophetess who lived to the age of 100 and was brought from her cave to the palace to predict the future. Malusha's brother Dobrynya

7406-400: The "Aryan" faith); ten years of idolatry and the resulting discontent of the people paved the way for baptism. From Yemelyanov, the myth of Vladimir was borrowed by another founder of Russian neo-paganism, Alexey Dobrovolsky (Dobroslav). Dobrovolsky, in accordance with his views, singled out the anti-heroes of Russian history. The central place in this black list was assigned to Prince Vladimir

7567-456: The "rabbinich" in relation to Vladimir into "robichich" (the son of a slave - Malusha). Yemelyanov wrote that Vladimir was guilty of the murder of his brother Yaropolk and the usurpation of power. At the same time, according to Yemelyanov, he went through the "school of the usurper" when he was on a two-year internship in Western European countries. In the reign of Vladimir in Rus', idols first appear and human sacrifices are practiced (contrary to

7728-411: The 1910s, a wave of Central American immigrants settled in the Mission and, in the 1950s, immigrants from Mexico began to predominate. In recent years, gentrification has changed the demographics of parts of the Mission from Latino, to twenty-something professionals. Noe Valley to the southwest and Bernal Heights to the south are both increasingly popular among young families with children. East of

7889-437: The 1990s", and there is "a tectonic shift in public thinking which is characterised by the return to the Russian culture of Pagan heritage and the public recognition of the significant contribution of East Slavic Paganism in the formation of national culture". The beliefs of such community are, however, very variegated and may be described as an ietsism (an unspecified belief in an undetermined transcendent force) characterised by

8050-466: The 1990s, Traditionalist School thinkers—chiefly René Guénon and the Italian Pagan philosopher Julius Evola —were translated and introduced in the very mainstream of Russian thought by the philosopher Aleksandr Dugin , who has an influential position in contemporary Russian academic and political life. In the 1980s Dugin became a member of the Yuzhinsky Circle, an occult proto-Rodnover group influenced by Guido von List and Aryan mysticism, founded by

8211-415: The Anastasian settlements which he studied were for three fourths members of the "urban intelligentsia with higher education", with 75% of them having graduated from university, a majority in technical and natural sciences, and others in humanities. Single people were extremely rare, as they are often refused admission since they risk not continuing the kinship line, not taking root and not becoming attached to

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8372-535: The Bay Area a center for trade. Catering to the needs and tastes of the growing population, Levi Strauss opened a dry goods business and Domingo Ghirardelli began manufacturing chocolate. Chinese immigrants made the city a polyglot culture, drawn to "Old Gold Mountain," creating the city's Chinatown quarter. By 1880, Chinese made up 9.3% of the population. The first cable cars carried San Franciscans up Clay Street in 1873. The city's sea of Victorian houses began to take shape, and civic leaders campaigned for

8533-435: The Birdman of Alcatraz. San Francisco later celebrated its regained grandeur with a World's fair , the Golden Gate International Exposition in 1939–40, creating Treasure Island in the middle of the bay to house it. During World War II , the city-owned Sharp Park in Pacifica was used as an internment camp to detain Japanese Americans . Hunters Point Naval Shipyard became a hub of activity, and Fort Mason became

8694-404: The Book of Veles (1977) and published poetic translations of some of its passages (1982). The beginning of the controversy in the USSR around the Book of Veles was started by an article by neo-pagan authors Valery Skurlatov and N. Nikolaev (1976), published in the popular weekly newspaper Nedelya. These authors argued that the work is a "mysterious chronicle" that allows one to take a fresh look at

8855-468: The Byzantine Empire, and they helped to put down the revolt. Returning to Kiev in triumph, Vladimir destroyed pagan monuments and established many churches, starting with a church dedicated to St. Basil , and the Church of the Tithes (989). In 988 and 991, he baptized Pecheneg princes Metiga and Kuchug , respectively. Vladimir then formed a great council out of his boyars and set his twelve sons over his subject principalities. According to

9016-457: The Byzantine emperor Basil II. Both rebels briefly joined forces, but then Bardas Phocas proclaimed himself emperor on 14 September 987. Basil II turned to the Kievan Rus' for assistance, even though they were considered enemies at that time. Vladimir agreed, in exchange for a marital tie; he also agreed to accept Christianity as his religion and to Christianize his people. When the wedding arrangements were settled, Vladimir dispatched 6,000 troops to

9177-586: The Czech (a shadowy figure mentioned in A Tale of the Bygone Years ). After Anna's death, he married again, likely to a granddaughter of Otto the Great . In 1014, his son Yaroslav the Wise stopped paying tribute. Vladimir decided to chastise the insolence of his son and began gathering troops against him. Vladimir fell ill, however, most likely of old age, and died at Berestove, near modern-day Kiev. The various parts of his dismembered body were distributed among his numerous sacred foundations and were venerated as relics . During his Christian reign, Vladimir lived

9338-436: The Fair Sun , or the Red Sun ; Красно Солнышко in Russian). The Varangian period of Eastern Slavic history ceases with Vladimir, and the Christian period begins. The appropriation of Kievan Rus' as part of national history has also been a topic of contention in Ukrainophile vs. Russophile schools of historiography since the Soviet era . Today, he is regarded as a symbol in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. All branches of

9499-399: The Great. Dobroslav repeated the first part of this myth without changes and supplemented the second part of the myth about the deeds of Vladimir with new details. Vladimir Istarkhov, in addition to the myth about Vladimir, claims that the prince destroyed the "Slavic chronicle", "the detailed Chronicle of the Russian Empire" and introduced a ban on Russian history before baptism. The process of

9660-409: The Mission is the Potrero Hill neighborhood, a mostly residential neighborhood that features sweeping views of downtown San Francisco. West of the Mission, the area historically known as Eureka Valley , now popularly called the Castro , was once a working-class Scandinavian and Irish area. It has become North America's first gay village , and is now the center of gay life in the city. Located near

9821-470: The Outer Richmond and Outer Sunset can refer to the more western portions of their respective district and the Inner Richmond and Inner Sunset can refer to the more eastern portions. Many piers remained derelict for years until the demolition of the Embarcadero Freeway reopened the downtown waterfront, allowing for redevelopment. The centerpiece of the port, the Ferry Building , while still receiving commuter ferry traffic, has been restored and redeveloped as

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9982-420: The Presidio garrison, commanded by Mariano Vallejo , relocated to the Presidio of Sonoma , which was regarded as needing a greater military presence due the proximity of the Russian settlement at Fort Ross . Only a small detachment remained at the Presidio of San Francisco. Mission Dolores sold most of its property in 1836, retaining only the church and related structures. In 1833, Juana Briones de Miranda

10143-440: The Rodnover community, was Konstantin Vasilyev (1942–1976). San Francisco San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco , is a commercial, financial , and cultural center within Northern California . With a population of 808,988 residents as of 2023, San Francisco is the fourth-most populous city in the U.S. state of California behind Los Angeles , San Diego , and San Jose . It covers

10304-441: The Russian capital Moscow , reportedly dividing the capital into respective zones of influence, "cities within the city" with their own armed forces, with support from local security officials. Rodnover soldiers often help the local population in its opposition to the Orthodox Christian hierarchy's plans to build new churches around the city. The rise of Rodnovery, and its rapid growth as a multidimensional phenomenon, has brought to

10465-404: The Russian march in Lyublino (Moscow), neo-pagan symbolism was dominant. The event in Lyublino was attended, in particular, by Vladimir Istarkhov, the author of the neo-pagan book "The Strike of the Russian Gods", and his "Russian Right Party". Rodnoverie is a popular religion among Russian skinheads . These skinheads, however, do not usually practice their religion. In Russia, in the context of

10626-415: The Russian term for "Orthodoxy", Pravoslaviye (Православие), means "to praise the Right" (славить Правь, slavit' Prav' ), a concept which also belongs to Rodnover theology and cosmology , and which identifies the celestial plane of the gods of light and the order of the universe. According to Beskov, in modern Russia "interest in East Slavic Paganism is very large and remains unabated since the beginning of

10787-517: The San Francisco Peninsula just north of San Bruno Mountain . Everything south of the line became the new San Mateo County while everything north of the line became the new consolidated City and County of San Francisco. The California Gold Rush triggered a wave of entrepreneurial activity as individuals sought to capitalize on the newfound wealth. The discovery of silver deposits, notably the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further fueled rapid population growth and economic expansion. San Francisco, as

10948-405: The San Francisco economy. Large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer application developers moved into the city, followed by marketing, design, and sales professionals, changing the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became increasingly gentrified . Demand for new housing and office space ignited a second wave of high-rise development, this time in the South of Market district. By 2000,

11109-400: The Spanish ship San Carlos , commanded by Juan Manuel de Ayala , became the first ship to anchor in the bay. Soon after, on March 28, 1776, Anza established the Presidio of San Francisco . On October 9, Mission San Francisco de Asís , also known as Mission Dolores, was founded by Padre Francisco Palóu . In 1794, the Presidio established the Castillo de San Joaquín , a fortification on

11270-504: The Svarog, Varyag and Rusich formations, and Rodnovers within the Russian Orthodox Army . Observers have highlighted that Russian Rodnovers had been proselytising in the region, with the endorsement of Russia, under the name "Orthodoxy" and preaching the concept of a new "Russian World", and that their beliefs even permeated the Orthodox Christian church. Since the outbreak of the war, though not necessarily in connection with it, Rodnover and Orthodox Christian military groups also sprung up in

11431-448: The Vietnam War , and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States . San Francisco and the surrounding San Francisco Bay Area are a global center of economic activity and the arts and sciences, spurred by leading universities , high-tech , healthcare, finance, insurance, real estate, and professional services sectors. As of 2020 ,

11592-458: The area. Further development is taking place just to the south in Mission Bay area, a former railroad yard, which now has a second campus of the University of California, San Francisco and Chase Center , which opened in 2019 as the new home of the Golden State Warriors . West of downtown, across Van Ness Avenue , lies the large Western Addition neighborhood, which became established with

11753-542: The baptism of Rus' is represented by the Christian genocide. The neo-pagan myth about Vladimir was reproduced with various changes by other neo-pagan authors. V. M. Dyomin repeated the ideas about the huge human sacrifices with which the Christianization of Rus' was carried out, and about the destruction by Christians of the wealth of monuments of pre-Christian writing . One of the neo-pagan authors, Lev Prozorov, repeating

11914-582: The beginning of the assimilation of the Ramaytush people, and the decline of their language and culture. The Spanish Empire claimed San Francisco as part of Las Californias , a province of the Viceroyalty of New Spain . The Spanish first arrived in what is now San Francisco on November 2, 1769, when the Portolá expedition led by Don Gaspar de Portolá and Juan Crespí arrived at San Francisco Bay . Having noted

12075-545: The book "From the True History of Our Ancestors". Close to them was also the biologist Sergei Lesnoy (real name S. Ya. Paramonov, 1894-1967), author of the books The History of the Russians in an Unperverted Form (1953-1960) and The Book of Vlesova, a Pagan Chronicle of Pre-Olegov Rus': The history of the find, text and commentary (1966). There is no information about the existence of any neo-pagan movement around them. One of

12236-426: The capture, U.S. forces appointed both José de Jesús Noé and Washington Allon Bartlett to serve as co- alcaldes (mayors), while the conquest continued on in the rest of California. On January 30, 1847, Mayor Bartlett ordained that the city should officially change its name from "Yerba Buena" to "San Francisco", as the former name was only locally recognized and the latter name was in use on international maps. There

12397-466: The city and burned out of control for several days. With water mains out of service, the Presidio Artillery Corps attempted to contain the inferno by dynamiting blocks of buildings to create firebreaks. More than three-quarters of the city lay in ruins, including almost all of the downtown core. Contemporary accounts reported that 498 people died, though modern estimates put the number in

12558-516: The city as a whole, asserting that the issues of concern are restricted primarily to the urban core of San Francisco. As of March 2024, Union Square was in "sorry shape" and had lost its traditional position as the Bay Area's regional shopping hub to Westfield Valley Fair in San Jose. The Ferry Station Post Office Building , Armour & Co. Building , Atherton House , and YMCA Hotel are historic buildings among dozens of historical landmarks in

12719-510: The city had reached the number of 13,000. In 2006, scholars reported that there were around 40,000 practitioners in the Slavic-Hill movement of Rodnover martial arts . In the same year, the scholar B. K. Knorre estimated 10,000 practitioners of Ivanovism . In 2016, Aitamurto noted that there was no reliable information on the number of Rodnovers in Russia, but that it was plausible that there were several tens of thousands of practitioners active in

12880-414: The city is still home to numerous companies inside and outside of technology, including Salesforce , Uber , Airbnb , X , Levi's , Gap , Dropbox , and Lyft . In 2022, San Francisco had more than 1.7 million international visitors – the fifth-most visited city from abroad in the United States after New York City, Miami , Orlando , and Los Angeles – and approximately 20 million domestic visitors for

13041-618: The city proper. In 1856, San Francisco became a consolidated city-county . After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire , it was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama–Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II , it was a major port of embarkation for naval service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater . In 1945, the United Nations Charter

13202-541: The city's Little Italy and the former center of the Beat Generation ; and Telegraph Hill , which features Coit Tower . Abutting Russian Hill and North Beach is San Francisco's Chinatown , the oldest Chinatown in North America. The South of Market , which was once San Francisco's industrial core, has seen significant redevelopment following the construction of Oracle Park and an infusion of startup companies . New skyscrapers, live-work lofts, and condominiums dot

13363-479: The city's alcalde , renamed it from Yerba Buena (Spanish for "Good Herb"), which had been the name of the first civilian pueblo in San Francisco, as well as the name of Yerba Buena Cove , which the pueblo was on the shore of. Earlier in San Francisco's history, the uninhabited area on the northeastern side of San Francisco was called El Paraje de Yerba Buena , after the herb that was growing abundantly there. The name Yerba Buena continues to be used in locations in

13524-417: The city's population reached new highs, surpassing the previous record set in 1950. When the bubble burst in 2001 and again in 2023, many of these companies folded and their employees were laid off. Yet high technology and entrepreneurship remain mainstays of the San Francisco economy. By the mid-2000s (decade), the social media boom had begun, with San Francisco becoming a popular location for tech offices and

13685-560: The city's southern border, the Excelsior District is one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in San Francisco. The Bayview-Hunters Point in the far southeast corner of the city is one of the poorest neighborhoods, though the area has been the focus of several revitalizing and urban renewal projects. The construction of the Twin Peaks Tunnel in 1918 connected southwest neighborhoods to downtown via streetcar, hastening

13846-563: The city, according to the National Register of Historic Places listings in San Francisco . San Francisco is located on the West Coast of the United States , at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula and includes significant stretches of the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay within its boundaries. Several picturesque islands — Alcatraz , Treasure Island and the adjacent Yerba Buena Island , and small portions of Alameda Island , Red Rock Island , and Angel Island —are part of

14007-839: The city, such as on Yerba Buena Island and in the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts and Yerba Buena Gardens . While people residing outside the San Francisco Bay Area use nicknames including "Frisco" and "San Fran", local residents in the Bay Area sometimes refer to San Francisco as "the City" or "SF". The choice of nickname a person uses is a common way for locals to distinguish long-time residents from tourists and recent arrivals. "San Fran" and "Frisco" are sometimes considered controversial as nicknames among San Francisco residents. The earliest archeological evidence of human habitation of

14168-432: The city. Also included are the uninhabited Farallon Islands , 27 miles (43 km) offshore in the Pacific Ocean. The mainland within the city limits roughly forms a "seven-by-seven-mile square," a common local colloquialism referring to the city's shape, though its total area, including water, is nearly 232 square miles (600 km ). There are more than 50 hills within the city limits. Some neighborhoods are named after

14329-507: The country at the time. His financial empire, however, collapsed in 1875 as a result of the Panic of 1873 , triggering a major economic crisis in San Francisco. Development of the Port of San Francisco and the establishment in 1869 of overland access to the eastern U.S. rail system via the newly completed Pacific Railroad (the construction of which the city only reluctantly helped support ) helped make

14490-582: The country. This was partly because there were several Rodnover groups active on the social network VK which had over 10,000 members. In 2019, the scholar Svetlana Tambovtseva estimated 7,000 to 10,000 adepts of Vseyasvetnaya Gramota (Vseyasvetniks). The 2012 Sreda Arena Atlas complement to the 2010 census of Russia , found 1.7 million people (1.2% of the total population of the country) identifying themselves as "Pagans" or followers of "traditional religions, worship of gods and ancestors". Of these 1.7 million people, 44% or 750,000 were ethnic Russians following

14651-529: The crisis and collapse of the communist ideology, some communists turned to the ideas of Slavic neo-paganism, abandoning Marxism in favor of nationalism. Various small groups of communists adopted a neo-pagan ideology. In April 1991, at the second initiative congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation , a member of the neo-pagan "Union of Veneti", Nina Taldykina, called for the rejection of

14812-678: The development of West Portal , and nearby affluent Forest Hill and St. Francis Wood . Further west, stretching all the way to the Pacific Ocean and north to Golden Gate Park lies the vast Sunset District , a large middle-class area with a predominantly Asian population. The northwestern quadrant of the city contains the Richmond , a mostly middle-class neighborhood north of Golden Gate Park, home to immigrants from other parts of Asia as well as many Russian and Ukrainian immigrants. Together, these areas are known as The Avenues . These two districts are each sometimes further divided into two regions:

14973-500: The emergence of The Castro as an urban gay village , the election of Harvey Milk to the Board of Supervisors , and his assassination , along with that of Mayor George Moscone , in 1978. Bank of America , now based in Charlotte , North Carolina , was founded in San Francisco; the bank completed 555 California Street in 1969. The Transamerica Pyramid was completed in 1972, igniting

15134-418: The enslavement of the "Aryans" by Jews. Roman Shizhensky singles out the neo-pagan myth about Vladimir and characterizes it as one of the most "odious" neo-pagan historical myths and one of the main Russian neo-pagan myths in terms of worldview significance. The author of this myth is Valery Yemelyanov, one of the founders of Russian neo-paganism, who expounded it in his book "Dezionization" (1970s). Vladimir

15295-545: The epithet "the Great" , was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox Church canonised him as Saint Vladimir . Vladimir's father was Sviatoslav I of the Rurik dynasty . After the death of his father in 972, Vladimir, who was then the prince of Novgorod , was forced to flee abroad after his brother Yaropolk murdered his other brother Oleg in 977 to become

15456-407: The establishment of an artistic scene as part of such multidimensionality. Many professional artists, many of whom are outspokenly Rodnover themselves—some even priests, have emerged with works discussing themes of history, mythology and everyday life. Their works are highly appreciated and celebrated within the Rodnover community. Studies on Rodnover art have found that Svyatoslav I of Kiev is one of

15617-440: The establishment of the first Anastasian settlements, there were 2,264 people in 981 families who were landowners of an ancestral homestead, and other 8,725 people in 4,725 families who were at different stages of construction of their own ancestral homestead. The scholar Artemy A. Pozanenko reported a similar number of Anastasian villagers, 12,000, in 2016, noting that the number had more than doubled between 2013 and 2015, and yet it

15778-748: The excavation of the Yerba Buena Tunnel through Yerba Buena Island during the construction of the Bay Bridge. Such land tends to be unstable during earthquakes. The resulting soil liquefaction causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake . A few natural lakes and creeks ( Lake Merced , Mountain Lake , Pine Lake , Lobos Creek , El Polin Spring ) are within parks and remain protected in what

15939-520: The fact that there were no churches to be found, prompted missionaries like William Taylor to come to San Francisco where he began preaching in the streets, using an upright barrel as his pulpit. Taylor was able to garner enough generous donations from successful gold miners with which he used to build a church. One of the most influential figures of this era was William Chapman Ralston . A shrewd banker and investor, Ralston amassed considerable wealth and influence in San Francisco. He gained control over

16100-489: The famous " Painted Ladies ," standing alongside Alamo Square . To the south, near the geographic center of the city is Haight-Ashbury , famously associated with 1960s hippie culture. The Haight is now home to some expensive boutiques and a few controversial chain stores, although it still retains some bohemian character. North of the Western Addition is Pacific Heights , an affluent neighborhood that features

16261-593: The first land grant in Yerba Buena: to William Richardson , a naturalized Mexican citizen of English birth. Richardson had arrived in San Francisco aboard a whaling ship in 1822. In 1825, he married Maria Antonia Martinez, eldest daughter of the Californio Ygnacio Martínez . Yerba Buena began to attract American and European settlers; an 1842 census listed 21 residents (11%) born in the United States or Europe, as well as one Filipino merchant. Following

16422-609: The first mass rite of naming, a rite that became widespread in the Rodnovery. Then he retired to the abandoned village of Vesenyovo in Kirov Oblast , where he lived as a hermit and spent the summer holidays of Kupala. He led the "Russian Liberation Movement" (ROD). In Russian neo-paganism, the idea of the Jewish-Khazar origin of Prince Vladimir the Great is popular, explaining why he introduced Christianity , allegedly an instrument for

16583-511: The gateway to the goldfields, experienced a surge in population and commercial activity. However, the influx of fortune seekers also brought challenges. Lawlessness was rampant, and the Barbary Coast district became synonymous with vice, attracting criminals, prostitutes, and illicit activities, including but not limited to prostitution, bootlegging , and gambling. The rapidly growing population, with its lawlessness, gambling and other vices, and

16744-550: The hands of the Pechenegs in 972, a fratricidal war erupted in 977 between Yaropolk and his younger brother Oleg , ruler of the Drevlians ; Vladimir fled abroad and assembled a Varangian army to assist him in deposing Yaropolk, against whom he marched on his return the next year. On his way to Kiev he sent ambassadors to Rogvolod (Norse: Ragnvald), prince of Polotsk , to sue for the hand of his daughter Rogneda (Norse: Ragnhild). The high-born princess refused to affiance herself to

16905-614: The high number of computer professionals who were present in the Pagan communities of Western countries. The movement also involved a significant number of people who had a background in the Soviet or Russian Army, or in policing and security. A questionnaire distributed at the Kupala festival in Maloyaroslavets suggested that Native Faith practitioners typically had above-average levels of education, with

17066-453: The hill on which they are situated, including Nob Hill , Potrero Hill , and Russian Hill . Near the geographic center of the city, southwest of the downtown area, are a series of less densely populated hills. Twin Peaks , a pair of hills forming one of the city's highest points, forms an overlook spot. San Francisco's tallest hill, Mount Davidson , is 928 feet (283 m) high and is capped with

17227-551: The homes built by wealthy San Franciscans in the wake of the 1906 earthquake. Directly north of Pacific Heights facing the waterfront is the Marina , a neighborhood popular with young professionals that was largely built on reclaimed land from the Bay. In the southeast quadrant of the city is the Mission District —populated in the 19th century by Californios and working-class immigrants from Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Scandinavia. In

17388-727: The incident long after, and not least for political considerations. According to the early Slavic chronicle, the Tale of Bygone Years , which describes life in Kievan Rus' up to the year 1110, he sent his envoys throughout the world to assess first-hand the major religions of the time: Islam, Latin Christianity, Judaism, and Byzantine Christianity. They were most impressed with their visit to Constantinople, saying, "We knew not whether we were in Heaven or on Earth ... We only know that God dwells there among

17549-591: The journal of the Ascension Cathedral of Astrakhan , cited sociological data saying that Rodnovery was already formally embraced by "more than 2 million Russians", while the number of people affected by Rodnover ideas was several times larger. This was based on data provided in 2012 by Igor Zadorin, the director of the research institute "Tsirkon", who said that in Russia the proportions of atheists, Orthodox Christians and "pagans" were of comparable sizes and their populations overlapped: Orthodox Christians were 30% of

17710-533: The larger Port of Oakland . The city began to lose industrial jobs and turned to tourism as the most important segment of its economy. The suburbs experienced rapid growth, and San Francisco underwent significant demographic change, as large segments of the white population left the city, supplanted by an increasing wave of immigration from Asia and Latin America. From 1950 to 1980, the city lost over 10 percent of its population. Over this period, San Francisco became

17871-514: The metropolitan area, with 4.5 million residents, ranked 5th by GDP ($ 874 billion) and 2nd by GDP per capita ($ 131,082) across the OECD countries, ahead of global cities like Paris , London , and Singapore . It is the fourth-largest by aggregate income and economic output, with a GDP of $ 729 billion in 2022 . The wider San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland Combined Statistical Area is the nation's fifth-most populous, with around nine million residents, and

18032-470: The missions were made to divest themselves of their extensive landholdings and emancipate the indigenous people under their control. As part of the process of secularization, Governor José Figueroa opened up San Francisco to civilian settlement. Prior to secularization, the only settlements in San Francisco had been the military settlement at the Presidio and the religious settlement at Mission Dolores. In 1835,

18193-415: The myth about Vladimir, accused the prince of betraying the faith of his ancestors. The myth about Vladimir has become widespread among the authors of various Russian neo-pagan articles and writings. S. Maltsev writes: "Malusha is the daughter of the last Khazar king, having married Rogneda, Vladimir committed the gravest racial crime" (entered into an interracial marriage ). In fiction, the myth of Vladimir

18354-410: The original Russian culture. The article was directed against the distortions of the Russian language and Russian history by some ill-wishers, while in fact, according to Kobzev, "the Russian people, like the Russian language, have infinitely deep roots that go back to the foggiest distances of millennia." the author also called for the fight against Zionism. Kobzev demanded the publication of the texts of

18515-681: The people, and their service is fairer than the ceremonies of other nations." The Primary Chronicle reports that in the year 986, missionaries from various peoples representing various religions arrived in Kiev, trying to convert Vladimir to their religion. In 987, after consultation with his boyars , Vladimir reportedly sent envoys to study the religions of the various neighboring peoples whose representatives had been urging him to embrace their respective faiths. Although in both stories Vladimir ultimately rejects all options except Eastern Christianity , he hesitates and does not convert. In 988, having taken

18676-473: The period of Mexican rule , although it was not until 1833 that the missions would be secularized. Agricultural land became largely privatized as ranchos , as was occurring in other parts of California. Coastal trade increased, including a half-dozen barques from various Atlantic ports which regularly sailed in California waters. With the enactment of the Mexican Secularization Act of 1833 ,

18837-476: The place, contravening the central values of Anastasianism. On the other hand, large families are encouraged, and Pozanenko noted that the birth rate in Anastasian villages was "definitely higher than in the whole country". Rodnover ideas are disseminated through a variety of newspapers and journals. The movement has contributed to the diffusion of "historical themes"—particularly regarding an ancient Aryan race—to

18998-521: The poet Yevgeny Golovin, the novelist Yury Mamleyev and the philosopher Vladimir Stepanov in the 1960s. According to the scholar Robert A. Saunders, some strands of Rodnovery have become close supporters and constituents of Eurasianism , an ideology whose most prominent contemporary proponent is Dugin himself. Many Rodnovers participate in the Russian marches . On November 4, 2013, the “Russian March” in St. Petersburg

19159-536: The poor and introduced ecclesiastical courts. He lived mostly at peace with his neighbors, the incursions of the Pechenegs alone disturbing his tranquility. He introduced the Byzantine law code into his territories following his conversion but reformed some of its harsher elements; he notably abolished capital punishment , along with judicial torture and mutilation . The fate of all Vladimir's daughters, whose number

19320-516: The population at large, even beyond the boundaries of Rodnovery itself among Orthodox or non-religious people. A number of subcultures have been credited with favouring the approach of the youth to Rodnovery, including heavy metal music , historical reenactment , and the admirers of J. R. R. Tolkien . Many Rodnovers are martial artists , and there is a specific movement of Rodnover martial arts known as Slavyano-goritskaya bor'ba . Rodnovery has also been publicly embraced by some celebrities, including

19481-640: The preferred subjects among other historical themes, epic heroes and other human prototypes (even including the appropriation of saints of the Russian Orthodox Church). Russian artists of Rodnover themes include Aleksandr Borisovich Uglanov, Andrey Alekseyevich Shishkin, Andrey Guselnikov, Andrey Klimenko, Boris Olshansky, Igor Ozhiganov, Leo Khao, Maksim Kuleshov, Maksim Sukharev, Maximilian Presnyakov, Nella Genkina, Nikolay Speransky, Valery Semochkin, Viktor Korolkov, Vladimir Pingachov, Vsevolod Ivanov. Another artist, whose works are widely appreciated within

19642-510: The primary port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater of Operations . The explosion of jobs drew many people, especially African Americans from the South , to the area. After the end of the war, many military personnel returning from service abroad and civilians who had originally come to work decided to stay. The United Nations Charter creating the United Nations

19803-768: The promulgation of a law "on freedom of conscience and religious organisation", backed by three deputies professing Rodnovery , whose members organised the pro-russian Svarozhich Battalion (of the Vostok Brigade) and the Rusich Company. Donbas has been documented as being a stronghold of Russian Rodnover groups that are reorganising local villages and society according to traditional Indo-European trifunctionalism (according to which males are born to play one out of three roles in society, whether priests, warriors or farmers). Russian Rodnover military formations in Donbas included

19964-599: The quality of housing after the earthquake. The earthquake hastened development of western neighborhoods that survived the fire, including Pacific Heights , where many of the city's wealthy rebuilt their homes. In turn, the destroyed mansions of Nob Hill became grand hotels. City Hall rose again in the Beaux Arts style, and the city celebrated its rebirth at the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in 1915. During this period, San Francisco built some of its most important infrastructure. Civil Engineer Michael O'Shaughnessy

20125-476: The religions of their ancestors, while the remaining 950,000 were other types of Pagans (including Ossetians following Assianism , Siberian peoples following Tengrism , and other religions). Besides Slavic Rodnovery, among ethnic Russians there are also followers of Heathenry (Germanic religion), Druidry (Celtic religion), Hellenism (Greek religion), as well as Wicca and other traditions. A polemical article entitled Adversus paganos , published in 2015 by

20286-643: The second half of the 1970s and is associated with the activities of antisemitic supporters of the Moscow Arabist Valery Yemelyanov (neopagan name - Velemir) and the former dissident and neo-Nazi activist Alexey Dobrovolsky (neopagan name - Dobroslav). In 1957, under the influence of the revolution in Hungary (1956) , Dobrovolsky created the Russian National Socialist Party and was later imprisoned. Since 1964, he collaborated with

20447-529: The several thousands. More than half of the city's population of 400,000 was left homeless. Refugees settled temporarily in makeshift tent villages in Golden Gate Park, the Presidio, on the beaches, and elsewhere. Many fled permanently to the East Bay . Jack London is remembered for having famously eulogized the earthquake: "Not in history has a modern imperial city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco

20608-403: The singer Maria Arkhipova , the professional boxer Aleksandr Povetkin , and the comedian Mikhail Nikolayevich Zadornov (1948–2017). Researchers note a close connection between Russian neo-paganism and Russian nationalism. Schnirelmann observed that Rodnovery in Russia has been embraced by many politically engaged philosophers, both of the right and the left wing of politics. The former group

20769-618: The sole ruler of Rus'. Vladimir assembled a Varangian army and returned to depose Yaropolk in 978. By 980, Vladimir had consolidated his realm to the Baltic Sea and solidified the frontiers against incursions of Bulgarians , Baltic tribes and Eastern nomads. Originally a follower of Slavic paganism , Vladimir converted to Christianity in 988, and Christianized the Kievan Rus . Several scholars refer to Vladimir as Volodimer , also spelled Volodimir , and his descendants as Volodimerovichi (sometimes in lieu of " Rurikids "). In

20930-461: The son of a bondswoman (and was betrothed to Yaropolk), so Vladimir attacked Polotsk, took Ragnhild by force, and put her parents to the sword. Polotsk was a key fortress on the way to Kiev, and capturing it along with Smolensk facilitated the taking of Kiev in 978, where he slew Yaropolk by treachery and was proclaimed knyaz of all Kievan Rus' . Vladimir continued to expand his territories beyond his father's extensive domain. In 981, he seized

21091-530: The southern side of the Golden Gate , which later came to be known as Fort Point. In 1804, the province of Alta California was created, which included San Francisco. At its peak in 1810–1820, the average population at the Mission Dolores settlement was about 1,100 people. In 1821, the Californias were ceded to Mexico by Spain. The extensive California mission system gradually lost its influence during

21252-561: The strategic benefits of the area due to its large natural harbor, the Spanish dispatched Pedro Fages in 1770 to find a more direct route to the San Francisco Peninsula from Monterey , which would become part of the El Camino Real route. By 1774, Juan Bautista de Anza had arrived to the area to select the sites for a mission and presidio . The first European maritime presence in San Francisco Bay occurred on August 5, 1775, when

21413-544: The teachings of the "Jewish Talmudist" Karl Marx and the "non-Russian demagogue" Vladimir Lenin. Taldykina became one of the main ideologues of the Leningrad organization of the Communist Party. In a large number of writings, members of the "Vedic Center" " Internal Predictor of the USSR " promote the idea that Stalin was the antagonist of Lenin and transformed the communist movement, distorted by Marxist internationalism, into

21574-582: The teachings of the Bible through acts of charity. He would hand out food and drink to the less fortunate, and made an effort to go out to the people who could not reach him. His work was based on the impulse to help one's neighbors by sharing the burden of carrying their cross. He founded numerous churches, including the Desyatynna Tserkva (Church, or Cathedral, of the Tithes) (989), established schools, protected

21735-488: The territory of San Francisco dates to 3000 BCE. The Yelamu group of the Ramaytush people resided in a few small villages when an overland Spanish exploration party arrived on November 2, 1769, the first documented European visit to San Francisco Bay . The Ohlone name for San Francisco was Ahwaste , meaning, "place at the bay." The arrival of Spanish colonists, and the implementation of their Mission system, marked

21896-481: The third-largest by economic output, with a GDP of $ 1.32 trillion in 2022 . In the same year, San Francisco proper had a GDP of $ 252.2 billion, and a GDP per capita of $ 312,000. San Francisco was ranked fifth in the world and second in the United States on the Global Financial Centres Index as of September 2023 . Despite a continuing exodus of businesses from the downtown area of San Francisco,

22057-525: The time of the emergence of Slavic writing, reconsider scientific ideas about ethnogenesis, the level of social development, and the mythology of the Slavs. Also in 1976, the Nedelya newspaper published a selection of rave reviews about the Book of Veles, including accusations against persons who allegedly seek to "dismiss" readers and writers from an outstanding work by silence. Modern Russian neo-paganism took shape in

22218-537: The total population; people who had some sort of "pagan", non-Christian spirituality, were 40% of the population, while the remaining population was composed of a 20% who were atheists, and a 10% who were believers of other religions (4–7% ethnic minorities professing Islam ). The movement of the Anastasians keeps official registers of the number of Anastasian villages and their dwellers. The scholar Anna Ozhiganova reported that in 2015, in Russia, more than ten years after

22379-458: The town of Chersonesus in Crimea , he allegedly boldly negotiated for the hand of emperor Basil II 's sister, Anna . Never before had a Byzantine imperial princess, and one "born in the purple" , married a barbarian, as matrimonial offers of French kings and Holy Roman Emperors had been peremptorily rejected. In short, to marry the 27-year-old princess to a pagan Slav seemed impossible. Vladimir

22540-581: The translators of the Book of Veles into Russian was Boris Rebinder, an engineer from the city of Royat in France, born in Russia, also fascinated by the “prehistory of the Slavs”. Rebinder sent Mirolyubov's works to Viktor Bezverkhy, one of the first ideologues of Russian neo-paganism, and to other Russian supporters of neo-paganism. Rebinder sent materials on the Book of Veles to the Department of Old Russian Literature of

22701-402: The underwater lot. By 1851, the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870, Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land. Buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850, and the U.S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate and

22862-430: The various gods worshipped by his subjects. He built a pagan temple on a hill in Kiev dedicated to six gods: Perun —the god of thunder and war, a god favored by members of the prince's druzhina (military retinue); Slavic gods Stribog and Dazhd'bog ; Mokosh —a goddess representing Mother Nature "worshipped by Finnish tribes"; Khors and Simargl , "both of which had Iranian origins, were included, probably to appeal to

23023-422: The views of the two religious groups border each other, or "flow smoothly into one another, combining in the worldview of a modern Russian". Some scholars have determined that many self-identifying "Orthodox" are clearly Pagans, and that it is common in the Russian mindset to identify "Russian Orthodoxy" as Rodnovery, and as different and even opposite to Christianity. Many Rodnovers call themselves "Orthodox" because

23184-407: The young people and the cultivated middle classes, that portion of Russian society interested in the post-Soviet revival of faith but turned off by Orthodox Christianity, "which is very institutionalized, moralistic" and "out of tune with the modern world", and "is not appealing [to these people] because it expects its faithful to comply with normative beliefs without room for interpretation". Rodnovery

23345-471: Was "unwittingly underestimated", given that although the statistics were based on the official registers of the movement, they were not promptly updated and many settlements and settlers did not register on purpose, so that a participant in inter-Anastasian events estimated the number to be closer to 50,000. Pozanenko also reported that there were on average 5-6 ancestral settlements in each region of European Russia and western Siberia , with some regions having

23506-457: Was Vladimir's tutor and most trusted advisor. Hagiographic tradition of dubious authenticity also connects his childhood with the name of his grandmother, Olga of Kiev , who was Christian and governed the capital during Sviatoslav's frequent military campaigns. Transferring his capital to Pereyaslavets , Sviatoslav designated Vladimir ruler of Novgorod the Great in 970, but gave Kiev to his legitimate son Yaropolk . After Sviatoslav's death at

23667-470: Was a major city known for its flamboyant style, stately hotels, ostentatious mansions on Nob Hill , and a thriving arts scene. The first North American plague epidemic was the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904 . At 5:12 am on April 18, 1906, a major earthquake struck San Francisco and northern California. As buildings collapsed from the shaking, ruptured gas lines ignited fires that spread across

23828-540: Was also concern that a new town being planned by General Vallejo on the Carquinez Strait was to be called "Francisca", after the first name of his wife. After the name change to "San Francisco", the name of Vallejo's town was changed to Benicia , after his wife's middle name. Following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, Alta California was ceded from Mexico to the United States . Despite its attractive location as

23989-470: Was also founded by Vladimir the Great. St Volodymyr's Cathedral , one of the largest cathedrals in Kyiv, is dedicated to Vladimir the Great, as was originally the Kyiv University . The Imperial Russian Order of St. Vladimir and Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary in the United States are also named after him. The memory of Vladimir was also kept alive by innumerable Russian folk ballads and legends, which refer to him as Krasno Solnyshko (

24150-469: Was at the height of the Great Depression that San Francisco undertook two great civil engineering projects, simultaneously constructing the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge , completing them in 1936 and 1937, respectively. It was in this period that the island of Alcatraz , a former military stockade, began its service as a federal maximum security prison, housing notorious inmates such as Al Capone , and Robert Franklin Stroud ,

24311-412: Was attended by representatives of the "Skhoron Yezh Sloven" association, headed by their high priest Vladimir Golyakov (Bogumil the Second Golyak). At the initiative of Golyakov, the march resolution included words about "the liberation of the Slavs from foreign occupation ." A separate column of Rodnovers was present for the first time at the Russian march which took place in Moscow on November 4, 2013. At

24472-455: Was baptized at Chersonesos, however, taking the Christian name of Basil out of compliment to his imperial brother-in-law; the sacrament was followed by his wedding to Anna. Arab sources, both Muslim and Christian, present a different story of Vladimir's conversion. Yahya of Antioch , al-Rudhrawari , al-Makin , al-Dimashqi , and ibn al-Athir all give essentially the same account. In 987, Bardas Sclerus and Bardas Phocas revolted against

24633-412: Was centered on a plaza that is now Portsmouth Square . A land survey of Yerba Buena was made by the Swiss immigrant Jean Jacques Vioget as prelude to the city plan. Francisco de Haro , a non- Californio Mexican native, became the first alcalde of Yerba Buena. The second alcalde José Joaquín Estudillo was a Californio from a prominent Monterey family. In 1835, while in office, he approved

24794-536: Was drafted and signed in San Francisco in 1945 and, in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers . Urban planning projects in the 1950s and 1960s involved widespread destruction and redevelopment of west-side neighborhoods and the construction of new freeways , of which only a series of short segments were built before being halted by citizen-led opposition . The onset of containerization made San Francisco's small piers obsolete, and cargo activity moved to

24955-437: Was granted a small rancho at El Polín Spring , near the Presidio, founding the first non-indigenous civilian household in San Francisco. In 1834, the pueblo of Yerba Buena was founded. Yerba Buena Cove (named after a native herb ) was already a favored anchorage spot and the new settlement and trading post was founded by its shores. Yerba Buena was located in what is now the city's Chinatown and Financial District and

25116-417: Was growing rapidly within the Russian Federation. As of 2003, the Russian Ministry of Justice had registered forty Rodnover organisations, while there were "probably several hundred of them in existence". The scholar Vladimir Yashin reported that in 2001 the specific denomination of Ynglism had 3,000 adherents in the city of Omsk alone, while in 2009 it was reported at the Omsk District Court that Ynglists in

25277-400: Was headed by Alexander Belov (Selidor), and approved the eight-ray "Kolovrat" as a symbol of "resurgent paganism." The community was founded at Slavic-Goritsa Wrestling Club. In 1990, Belov expelled Yemelyanov, Dobrovolsky, and their supporters from the community for political radicalism. Since 1990, Dobrovolsky collaborated with the neo-pagan Russian Party of Korchagin. Dobrovolsky conducted

25438-465: Was hired by San Francisco Mayor James Rolph as chief engineer for the city in September 1912 to supervise the construction of the Twin Peaks Reservoir, the Stockton Street Tunnel , the Twin Peaks Tunnel , the San Francisco Municipal Railway , the Auxiliary Water Supply System , and new sewers. San Francisco's streetcar system, of which the J , K , L , M , and N lines survive today, was pushed to completion by O'Shaughnessy between 1915 and 1927. It

25599-446: Was signed in San Francisco, establishing the United Nations and in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco re-established peaceful relations between Japan and the Allied Powers . After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, significant immigration , liberalizing attitudes, the rise of the beatnik and hippie countercultures, the sexual revolution , the peace movement growing from opposition to United States involvement in

25760-410: Was the O'Shaughnessy Dam , Hetch Hetchy Reservoir , and Hetch Hetchy Aqueduct that would have the largest effect on San Francisco. An abundant water supply enabled San Francisco to develop into the city it has become today. In ensuing years, the city solidified its standing as a financial capital; in the wake of the 1929 stock market crash , not a single San Francisco-based bank failed. Indeed, it

25921-418: Was the son of Prince Svyatoslav from Malusha, the housekeeper of his mother, Princess Olga. Yemelyanov said that the name Malusha is derived from the Jewish name Malka. He claimed that Malusha's father was a "rabbi" - a rabbi who also bore the Hebrew name Malk. The "Nesterov censorship" of the Christian period, carried out in relation to the pre-Christian chronicles that existed, according to Yemelyanov, distorted

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