64-540: Rozelle is a suburb in the inner west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales , Australia. It is located 4 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district , in the local government area of the Inner West Council . Rozelle sits between the suburbs of Balmain to the north-east and Lilyfield to the south-west. Iron Cove is on the north-west border whilst Rozelle Bay , White Bay and Johnstons Bay make up
128-1007: A prime farming area for the new colony. The parrots, also in abundance in the inner west Bay area of Sydney, were commonly called " Rose Hill parrots" or "Rose-hillers" then Rosella. Rozelle has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: At the 2021 census , 8,553 people were living in Rozelle, compared to 8,725 people at the 2016 census. In 2021, 66.8% of people were born in Australia. The other most common countries of birth were England 8.3%, New Zealand 2.6% and Ireland 1.4%. 83.3% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Spanish 1.3%, Mandarin 1.2% and Italian 0.9%. The most common responses for religion were no religion 53.0% and Catholic 21.8%. 38.8% of dwellings were semi-detached terraced houses or townhouses, 34.9% were flats, units or apartments and 24.5% were separate houses. Inner West (Sydney) The Inner West of Sydney
192-760: A substantial section of the Canterbury-Bankstown area). All four federal seats have been held by the Australian Labor Party since the 2022 federal election , when the Labor Party won the division of Reid from the Liberal Party which had held it since 2013. The four local government areas of the Municipality of Burwood , City of Canada Bay , Inner West Council and Municipality of Strathfield are sometimes referred to in local government contexts as
256-567: Is an area directly west of the Sydney central business district , New South Wales , Australia . The suburbs that make up the Inner West are predominantly located along the southern shore of Port Jackson ( Parramatta River ), stretching south to the shores of the Cooks River . The western boundary of the Inner West is approximately the A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive), which divides
320-509: Is developing. Main bicycle routes include two north–south routes: one located in the western part of the Inner West called the Cooks River cycleway or "Bay to Bay" cycleway, which connects Ryde to the north with the Cooks River valley and Botany Bay to the southeast, and another located further east called the Greenway which connects Iron Cove in the north to the Cooks River valley where it joins
384-738: Is now the Eastern Suburbs , the Bediagal and Kameygal from the Cooks River area to the south, the Burramattagal from the Parramatta area to the west, and the Wallumattagal, Cammeraigal and Gorualgal from the northern shores of the Parramatta River. Land grants in the Inner West area began in the late 18th century. By 1814, a stage coach was running between the two major settlements of Sydney (to
448-480: Is part of Greater Western Sydney by any of the above definitions, separated from the Inner West by Sydney Olympic Park and the waters of Homebush Bay , and is normally considered part of that region in administrative contexts, but is sometimes referred to as part of the Inner West. The contested meaning of the term "Inner West" is itself considered a cultural phenomenon in Sydney: in reference to this, Michael Koziol,
512-408: Is under construction. When completed, it will provide a further connection for suburbs in the north of the Inner West, to Sydney CBD in the east, and to Sydney Olympic Park and Parramatta in the west. There are various bus routes provided largely operated by Transit Systems . Sydney Ferries operates services in the inner harbour and Parramatta River, with a number of wharves serving suburbs in
576-569: The A36 arterial road (Princes Highway/King Street/City Road) or the local arterial route formed by Sydney Park Road, Mitchell Road, Gibbon Street/Botany Road and Regent Street is often seen as the boundary between the Inner West and the inner city/ Eastern Suburbs /inner south region. The Inner West is alternatively defined as corresponding to the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord , two cadastral divisions used for land titles . This largely agrees with
640-523: The Arnott family (of the biscuit empire) and the family of David Jones (the retailer), who built various homes in Strathfield. As a result of population growth, local governments formed in the area in the 19th century, such as the Municipality of Newtown in 1862, the Municipality of Petersham , the Municipality of Leichhardt and the Municipality of Ashfield in 1871, the Municipality of Burwood in 1874,
704-515: The City of Canada Bay and the Municipality of Strathfield lie to its east, while the City of Parramatta , Cumberland Council and the City of Canterbury-Bankstown lies to its west. The eastern boundary is less well defined, as many suburbs immediately to the west of the Sydney city centre are alternatively regarded as part of the Inner West or as part of the city or "inner city" region. Customarily, either
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#1732851156170768-624: The Federation of Australia are highly regarded ensembles of Australian residential architecture and heritage protected, including the large scale Haberfield "garden suburb" development, which began in 1901, the smaller Malvern Hill Estate in Croydon , which began in 1909, and the Hoskins Estate in Appian Way, Burwood , which began in 1903. Suburbanisation accelerated in the interwar years, resulting in
832-793: The Illawarra and Southern Sydney , passes through the southeastern part of the Inner West, with stations at Erskineville , St Peters and Sydenham . Connecting to the Illawarra railway line at Sydenham is the Bankstown railway line , which heads westward through the southern part of the Inner West as far as Canterbury before crossing the Cooks River. This section of the Bankstown railway line has been temporarily closed since September 2024 for conversion works to enable Sydney Metro M1 services to operate over it. The Sydney Metro West rapid transit rail line
896-598: The Illawarra railway line at Sydenham , which provided access to the railway for suburbs in the south of the Inner West, such as Marrickville and Dulwich Hill . Due to its central location and easy access by water, rail and road, large scale industrial development occurred in the Inner West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A number of large residences were turned to industrial use, such as Arthur Renwick 's Abbotsford House, which became Nestlé 's chocolate factory, and Roland Ducker's Strathroy in Cabarita, which became
960-433: The Inner West Council , City of Canada Bay , the Municipality of Strathfield and the Municipality of Burwood make up the Inner West. This definition is sometimes used in local government administrative contexts. This definition excludes the inner-most suburbs that are within the City of Sydney council area and southern suburbs that are within the City of Canterbury-Bankstown , but includes some suburbs that lie outside
1024-550: The Liberal Party , Canterbury, Strathfield and Summer Hill represented by the Australian Labor Party, and Balmain and Newtown represented by The Greens . In the federal parliament , the area is represented by the electorate of Grayndler and part of the electorates of Reid (which also covers a small part of Greater Western Sydney), Sydney (which also covers the city centre) and Watson (which also encompasses
1088-401: The Municipality of Concord in 1883 and the Municipality of Strathfield in 1885. During the last quarter of the 19th century, Sydney's tram network expanded into the Inner West, and continued expanding into the early 20th century, eventually serving almost all of the Inner West, as far afield as Cabarita, Enfield and Canterbury. In 1895, a suburban railway line was built, branching from
1152-430: The Municipality of Strathfield , Municipality of Burwood and the City of Canada Bay , as well as the former Municipality of Ashfield and Municipality of Leichhardt (both now part of Inner West Council ). This region is mostly a subset of the regions in the two definitions outlined above, excluding the inner western and inner southwestern suburbs such as Glebe, Enmore, Petersham and Marrickville, which are instead in
1216-522: The Parramatta River and the Cooks River respectively. In the west, the upper reaches of the Cooks River flow close to, but do not meet, the Parramatta River, and the western boundary is thus ill-defined. Near the source of the Cooks River and at the point at which the two rivers run closest to each other, a large, uninhabited area stretches between the two rivers, occupied by the Enfield rail yards (now
1280-714: The "Inner West local government areas". Enfield Locomotive Depot The Enfield Locomotive Depot was operated by the New South Wales Government Railways in Strathfield South , Sydney . It was part of the Enfield Marshalling Yards , which covers a considerable area in the west of the modern suburb of Strathfield South. The site is now part of the Enfield Intermodal Logistics Centre . The Enfield Locomotive Depot
1344-463: The Bankstown railway line. Parramatta Road is a major arterial road that runs through the middle of the Inner West, connecting it with the major centres of Sydney City in the east and Parramatta in the west. At Summer Hill, Liverpool Road (the Hume Highway ) branches from Parramatta Road and proceeds in a southwesterly direction towards Melbourne. The M4 road largely runs as a motorway tunnel under
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#17328511561701408-461: The Cooks River cycleway, an east–west route from Five Dock to the Anzac Bridge cycleway, a northwest route from Gladesville Bridge to Anzac Bridge , and a southwest route from Marrickville to the city via Newtown. Groups of local bicycle user groups (BUGs) provide help for new cyclists, under the parent banner of Bicycle New South Wales. In the state parliament , the region is represented by
1472-610: The Enfield Intermodel Logistics Centre), the Chullora rail yards, Rookwood Cemetery , Flemington Maintenance Depot , and former industrial land stretching north to the shores of Homebush Bay, which is now Sydney Olympic Park . This geographical dividing strip has long coincided with council boundaries: the former municipalities of Concord, Homebush and Strathfield lay to its east, while the former municipalities of Rookwood and Bankstown lay to its west. The creek marking
1536-581: The Inner West from the Greater Western Sydney region. The Inner West is much larger than the Inner West Council local government area. The Inner West roughly corresponds with the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord , two cadastral divisions used for land titles . The boundaries of the Inner West region are customary, not administrative or legal, and as such are defined differently in different contexts. The northern and southern boundaries are natural and thus generally well defined: they are
1600-556: The Inner West reflects the distinct waves of development in its history. The inner-most suburbs of the Inner West were developed early in the life of the colony, and preserve stone houses from the Victorian era and earlier. The inner suburbs of the Inner West were largely subdivided in the 19th century for suburban development, and a large number of two-storey terraced houses and one-storey terraced and timber cottages survive in suburbs such as Glebe , Newtown and Annandale . Further away from
1664-652: The Inner West, partly parallel to Parramatta Road. The M4 tunnel has a major junction near Haberfield, with one branch joining the surface road Parramatta Road, another joining the A4 surface road towards the Sydney CBD, and a third branch continuing east as a tunnel under the northern and eastern portion of the Inner West to connect with Anzac Bridge and the M8 motorway via the Rozelle Interchange . Ongoing projects will eventually extend
1728-649: The Inner West. The Inner West is the location of several tertiary institutions such as the University of Sydney at the eastern end in Camperdown, and a major campus of the Australian Catholic University and the Catholic Institute of Sydney at the western end in Strathfield. A relatively high proportion of the population consists of tertiary students, both in the areas around these institutions, and in
1792-526: The Sydney editor of the Sydney Morning Herald , has written humorously that "the inner west is a state of mind". Based on the above definitions and the former distribution area of the Inner West Courier local newspaper, the Inner West generally includes the suburbs: Other suburbs sometimes referred to as being in the Inner West, especially in commercial contexts, include: Prior to
1856-485: The above definitions but are within the Municipality of Strathfield. Commercial sources, especially in the real estate context, sometimes refer to suburbs that are not in any of the definitions above as being in the Inner West. For example, Beaconsfield is variously considered part of inner city, Eastern Suburbs or inner south Sydney, but is also sometimes referred as part of the Inner West. Likewise, Wentworth Point
1920-613: The arrival of the First Fleet , the Sydney region was home to the Darug people . This nation was broken up into a number of Aboriginal clans who tended to live in a certain geographic area. Each clan contained about 50 to 100 people and, to avoid genetic problems, the men would marry women from other clans. So the clans were interrelated and members from one clan would frequently travel in the territory of others, including to hunt, trade and perform ceremonies. They didn't consider themselves owners of
1984-470: The city and the good availability of public transport. The change in demographics also brought ethnically distinct shops, cafes and restaurants, giving a cosmopolitan character to the commercial areas of a number of commercial centres in the Inner West. For example, Haberfield and Leichhardt became distinguished by the concentration of Italian businesses, while Petersham became the hub of Sydney's Portuguese community. Continued industrial development and
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2048-464: The city, a large number of grand houses of the Victorian era are still standing, though many have been subdivided or are no longer in residential use. After these suburbs were subdivided around the turn of the 20th century, Federation architecture dominated the style of suburban houses, simplifying over time to the Australian Californian bungalow style which is still found throughout most of
2112-498: The customary definition above, except for some suburbs immediately to the east or west of the cadastral boundaries. For example, the western boundary of the Parish of Concord largely follows the course of Saleyards Creek , which approximates the boundary between Homebush and Flemington . The parish therefore excludes Flemington even though that suburbs lies mostly east of the A3 road. Conversely,
2176-474: The east) and Parramatta (to the west), then further west to Richmond . This spurred the development of several settlements along the stage coach route, now Parramatta Road . A number of the large land grants in the area were subdivided for commercial and residential development, such as Ashfield Park in 1838. The construction of the Main Suburban railway line in 1855 spurred further development, especially at
2240-590: The east. With dieselisation, a new depot for diesel locomotives, Delec Locomotive Depot opened in 1958. As the steam era grew to a close, the depot gradually closed. In August 1969, the New South Wales Rail Transport Museum moved into Roundhouse 3. In 1973, the Public Transport Commission announced its intention to build a container depot on the site. The New South Wales Rail Transport Museum relocated to Thirlmere in 1975 with
2304-931: The eastern and southeastern edge of the customary region which are in the City of Sydney and the former Marrickville Council areas, such as Glebe, Enmore, Petersham and Marrickville, are instead in the region called "City and Inner South". According to the 2021 census , the Sydney - Inner West statistical area had a total population of 304,771 people. The most common reported ancestries were English 20.7%, Australian 17.8%, Chinese 16.5%, Italian 9.5% and Irish 9.2%, with 57.1% of people having both parents born overseas. 52.8% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were mainland China 7.9%, India 3.4%, Nepal 3.0%, England 2.8% and Italy 2.4%. 54.1% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 8.6%, Cantonese 4.1%, Italian 3.7%, Nepali 2.9% and Korean 2.5%. The median weekly household income
2368-429: The electoral districts of Balmain , Canterbury , Drummoyne , Newtown , Strathfield and Summer Hill . The split of these seats amongst the three largest parties has been relatively consistent. Since 2015, when the Australian Labor Party regained Strathfield from the Liberal Party of Australia, and Summer Hill and Newtown were contested for the first time, the split has remained the same, with Drummoyne represented by
2432-475: The end of the White Australia Policy changed the ethnic makeup of Australia's migrant intake. For example, in the late 20th century, Ashfield became a hub for Chinese immigrants, especially those from Shanghai , known as "Little Shanghai". Burwood has likewise become a hub for Chinese immigrants and overseas students. Towards the end of the 20th century, the proliferation of alternative cultures in
2496-613: The factories that were built around them were replaced by upmarket housing developments. Likewise, the flour mills which have long dominated the skyline of Summer Hill was redeveloped for residential use. Reflecting these changes, by 2017, the spread of highly valued residential suburbs of the Inner West had expanded further east. In that year, the seven suburbs that recorded median house prices exceeding $ 2 million were, in descending order of median price: Cabarita, Strathfield, Burwood, Chiswick, Balmain East, Rhodes and Burwood Heights, covering both
2560-428: The former boundary between Homebush and Rookwood is named "Boundary Creek". Since the new A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive) was built along this strip at the end of the 20th century, that road is now often regarded as the more precise boundary line between the Inner West and Greater Western Sydney. Today, council boundaries still largely, though not precisely, follow this line: with small exceptions,
2624-415: The influx of blue collar workers, including European immigrants, accelerated the disparity between suburbs. In 1977, Strathfield was the most expensive suburb in metropolitan Sydney measured by median house price, while inner suburbs of the Inner West, such as Leichhardt, were cheaper than outer Western suburbs such as Bankstown . The pattern of immigrant settlement continued and radiated further west after
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2688-526: The inner suburbs such as Newtown led to a wave of gentrification. Along the foreshore and in the outer suburbs of the Inner West, industrial facilities were returned to residential use. The Colgate-Palmolive factory and the Lever Brothers soap factory, both in Balmain, were converted into apartments. Both Abbotsford House and Strathroy House, mentioned above, were restored and returned to residential use, while
2752-400: The inner west. While many of the older houses have been replaced by new constructions, a number of areas have retained contiguous areas of housing stock from the early 20th century or earlier, and a number of heritage conservation zones have been created to preserve the character of these areas. During the 20th century, low- to medium-rise apartment blocks began to proliferate, especially along
2816-619: The land, rather custodians. What is now the Inner West was formerly home to two clans, the Cadigal , whose land stretched along Port Jackson from South Head to Lewisham , and the Wangal , whose land was immediately to the west of the Cadigals and stretched to about Homebush Bay . Other clans that would have been regular visitors to the area would have included the Birrabirragal and Muru-ora-dial in what
2880-516: The means of concrete lining. In the 1860s iron Cove Creek was a freely flowing waterway which in places broadened into ponds that made excellent and picturesque swimming holes. It is now barely a trickle lined by residential areas, parkland and fast-food restaurants. The " Sydney - Inner West " statistical area defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics covers most of the Inner West by most customary definitions, but not all of it: suburbs in
2944-478: The nearby Rozelle Bay to the south east) as the new name for the Balmain West post office. The new Rozelle post office opened in 1894 and by the early 1900s, both the suburb itself and local residents had adopted the name. The name Rozelle and Rozelle Bay (often shown as "Rozella Bay" on old maps), originated from the parrots found in abundance at Rose Hill (near Parramatta) the first suburb of Sydney, established as
3008-515: The northern part of the Inner West. The Sydney RiverCat services in particular are designed to navigate the relatively shallow waterways on the Parramatta River route , connecting the Inner West with northern Sydney across the river, Parramatta in the west, and the Sydney CBD in the east. The Inner West Light Rail connects Central to the Inner West via Pyrmont, with stops in Glebe, Lilyfield, Leichhardt, Lewisham and Dulwich Hill , an interchange with
3072-464: The original stations of Newtown, Ashfield, Burwood and Homebush. Many of the original land grants in the area were subdivided for commercial and residential development in the decades following the arrival of the railway, such as the Village of Homebush in 1878. The colony's elite - politicians, judges, industrialists and businessmen - began to build grand homes in the "outer" parts of the Inner West, such as
3136-439: The outer suburbs of the Inner West, such as Strathfield, Burwood and Concord, growing in prestige while the dense inner suburbs, such as Newtown, Enmore and Erskineville, declined. An influx of migrants to Australia following the end of World War II brought a large number of migrants to the Inner West, primarily from European countries. Many migrants were attracted to the area by the availability of industrial jobs, proximity to
3200-399: The paint factory of British Australian Lead Manufacturers (BALM), later Dulux. However, the residential suburbs continued to be popular. For example, Australian prime ministers who lived in the Inner West in this period include William McMahon , Earle Page , George Reid , Frank Forde and Billy Hughes . A number of the high quality residential developments in the period immediately after
3264-449: The railway line. These have in turn been succeeded by the construction of medium- to high-rise apartment blocks in the late 20th century, especially around major stations such as Strathfield and Burwood, and in the redevelopment of formerly industrial land throughout the region and especially along the Parramatta River waterfront. Nevertheless, government planning controls seek to preserve the low-density residential land use throughout much of
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#17328511561703328-421: The region and the placement of infrastructure such as roads and railways. In between the two rivers, the topography is characterised by rolling hills intersected by shallow valleys through which waterways flow to the two rivers, including Iron Cove Creek , Hawthorne Canal (formerly Long Cove Creek), Whites Creek and Johnstons Creek . These waterways have been drastically altered since the late 19th century by
3392-422: The region called "City and Inner South". As it is based on suburb boundaries, it also includes some small areas that fall outside the definitions outlined above, such as the part of the suburb of Strathfield South that lies south of the Cooks River and the parts of several suburbs that lie west of the A3 road. Another customary definition of the Inner West is by local government areas. In this customary definition,
3456-680: The region includes trains, buses, ferries and light rail. The Inner West is bisected by the Main Suburban railway line , the main trunk of the Sydney Trains network. BMT , CCN , T1 , T2 , T3 and T9 services operate along this railway line, though many only serve limited stops. To the east, these services provide access to Central and the Sydney CBD , while to the west of Strathfield they progressively branch out into Northern Sydney , Western Sydney and beyond. The Illawarra railway line , used by Sydney Trains SCO , T4 and T8 services to
3520-424: The ridgeline between the two catchments. In this region, Parramatta River widens via a series of bays and transitions into the drowned valley that forms Sydney Harbour . This forms a series of large bays along the southern shore, the largest of these being (from west to east) Homebush Bay , Hen and Chicken Bay and Iron Cove . The presence of these bays have had a significant effect on patterns of development in
3584-493: The south-east border. These three bays surround the container port of Glebe Island which has been attached to the shoreline as part of the extensive reclamation of Rozelle Bay and White Bay which had begun in the 1890s. By 1877 the population of Balmain West had increased and the Balmain post office was inadequate for their needs as a growing suburb. Residents petitioned for a post office of their own and in 1880 Balmain West post office
3648-1093: The specialist high school Newtown High School of the Performing Arts . Alexandria Park Community School is a government school with both a selective stream and a comprehensive stream. Private schools in the Inner West include the Presbyterian Ladies' College in Croydon, Meriden School , St. Patrick's College and Santa Sabina College all in Strathfield, MLC School in Burwood, Trinity Grammar School in Summer Hill (preparatory school in Strathfield), Newington College in Stanmore, Rosebank College in Five Dock and The McDonald College in North Strathfield. Public transport in
3712-404: The suburb of Rhodes is mostly west of the A3 road but in the Parish of Concord. On the eastern side, Erskineville and Macdonaldtown and Darlington are within the Parish of Petersham, but most of neighbouring Redfern and Alexandria are not. The Australian Bureau of Statistics also defines a statistical region (Statistical Area Level 4) called "Inner West". This region comprises most of
3776-581: The suburbs further away that are well connected to educational institutions by public transport. The Inner West has a high concentration of public and private secondary schools, many of which were established in the 19th century. Government high schools located in the Inner West include the selective secondary schools Fort Street High School and Sydney Secondary College , and the public comprehensive high schools Ashfield Boys High School , Burwood Girls High School , Concord High School (Sydney) , Homebush Boys High School and Strathfield Girls High School , and
3840-434: The traditionally popular 'outer' Inner West and the newly gentrified, formerly industrial waterfront suburbs. The geography of the Inner West is defined by the southern catchments of the Parramatta River , the northern boundary of the region, and the northern catchment of the Cooks River , the southern boundary. The western boundary of the region is near the source of the Cooks River. The Hume Highway approximately follows
3904-547: The tunnel further north to connect to the future Western Harbour Tunnel , and south to provide a direct connection to Sydney Airport. Although still playing only a small part in the overall transport task, use of bicycles for transport has increased significantly in the Inner West since the 1990s. Denser populations and shorter distances mean cycling is often quicker and more convenient than driving or taking public transport. A network of bicycle paths, signed bicycle routes on local streets and other aids to safe and convenient cycling
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#17328511561703968-559: Was $ 2,250, which is higher than the New South Wales median of $ 1,829 and the Australian median of $ 1,746. The table below summarises historical data for the "Sydney - Inner West" statistical area since it was first defined in the 2011 census. Prior to 2011, the "Inner Western Sydney" statistical area covered most of the Inner West, but excluded the former Leichhardt Council, so the data is not directly comparable. The housing stock within
4032-520: Was established in Joseph Gosling's grocery shop at the junction of Weston Road (now Victoria Road) and Withecombe Street. Over the next 10 years the population of Balmain West grew further and in 1891 work started on a new post office on the corner of Weston Road and Darling Street. In December 1892, prior to the opening of the new post office, the Postmaster-General declared Rozelle (named after
4096-409: Was the largest locomotive depot on the New South Wales Government Railways ' network, being located within the confines of Enfield yard. It would eventually comprise three roundhouses . The Enfield rail yard is in the suburb of Strathfield South, and was named after the former Municipality of Enfield, which governed this area between 1889 and 1949. The modern suburb of Enfield is some distance away to
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