Misplaced Pages

#324675

88-534: Ross Tiger is a traditional side-winder fishing trawler that was converted into a museum ship in 1992. She is currently berthed in Alexandra Dock at her home port of Grimsby , close to the site of the former PS Lincoln Castle . She forms the star attraction of North East Lincolnshire County Council's National Fishing Heritage Centre since restored and opened to the public in 1992. As Grimsby's last traditional sidewinder 'conventional trawler', she represents

176-456: A skipper , driver, fireman (to look after the boiler) and nine deck hands. Steam fishing boats had many advantages. They were usually about 20 ft longer (6.1 m) than the sailing vessels so they could carry more nets and catch more fish. This was important, as the market was growing quickly at the beginning of the 20th century. They could travel faster and further and with greater freedom from weather , wind and tide . Because less time

264-504: A controlling interest in the well-known Paxman diesel engine company of Colchester in Essex . In the later stages of the war, Paxman built 4,000 diesel engines that powered all the British-built tank landing craft (LCT) on D-Day . It supplied diesel engines for British Rail locomotives in the 1960s. From 1954 to 1964 the company's Managing Director was Geoffrey Bone who had been part of

352-415: A drifter to steam power. In 1877, he built the first screw-propelled steam trawler in the world. This vessel was Pioneer LH854 . She was of wooden construction with two masts and carried a gaff-rigged main and mizen using booms, and a single foresail. Allan argued that his motivation for steam power was to increase the safety of fishermen. However local fishermen saw power trawling as a threat. Allan built

440-499: A factory ship stern ramp, to produce the first combined freezer/stern trawler in 1947. The first purpose-built stern trawler was Fairtry built in 1953 at Aberdeen . The ship was much larger than any other trawlers then in operation and inaugurated the era of the ' super trawler' . As the ship pulled its nets over the stern, it could lift out a much greater haul of up to 60 tonnes. Lord Nelson followed in 1961, installed with vertical plate freezers that had been researched and built at

528-455: A few years other makers were selling similar vehicles that weighed only 3/4 ton and cost around £120–200 – and never reached the hoped-for production volumes. About 1,500 were made between 1919 and 1924, two of which are still retained by Siemens on the Lincoln site. One is fully restored in running/driving condition, while the second example is still awaiting attention. The R-H car was developed by

616-555: A fitting monument to the people who sailed out of what was once known as the world's premier fishing port". Guided tours of the vessel show visitors the unique spaces aboard and demonstrate how various pieces of equipment aboard this traditional design of trawler were used. Despite conversion to a standby vessel, much of the original fabric of the ship is retained. This includes the ship's original Ruston and Hornsby diesel engines, wood paneling, cabins, galley, mess and wheelhouse with period instruments. The plush skipper's berth, just abaft

704-669: A fleet of 24 bottom trawlers in Alaskan water reported 25 fatalities over the period 2001–2012. The risk of a fatal injury was 41 times higher than the average for workers in the United States. Ruston and Hornsby Ruston & Hornsby was an industrial equipment manufacturer in Lincoln, England founded in 1918. The company is best known as a manufacturer of narrow and standard gauge diesel locomotives and also of steam shovels . Other products included cars , steam locomotives and

792-660: A new type of power plant using waste sewage gas that powered eight turbines at Britain's biggest sewage works at the Northern Outfall Sewer at Beckton in East London . This was an 18,000 horsepower combined heat and power plant. The company pioneered combined heat and power schemes. The company began this technology in Cortemaggiore , Emilia-Romagna in 1956 at the Agip (Azienda Generale Italiana Petroli) oil refinery. By

880-720: A now virtually extinct breed of vessels that once made up the largest fishing fleet in the world. She is a member of the National Register of Historic Vessels with certificate number 621. Ross Tiger , GY398, is North East Lincolnshire's memorial to the history of the Port of Grimsby. The town today has thriving industry and is, according to ABP ,'Chief vehicle-handling centre of the North, handling almost 400,000 vehicles annually' with ships up to 6000 dwt However, Grimsby will always be associated with its terrific history. With Victorian docks once

968-403: A range of internal combustion engines , and later gas turbines . It is now a subsidiary of Siemens . Proctor & Burton was established in 1840, operating as millwrights and engineers. It became Ruston, Proctor and Company in 1857 when Joseph Ruston joined them, acquiring limited liability status in 1899. From 1866 it built a number of four and six-coupled tank locomotives , one of which

SECTION 10

#1732854533325

1056-503: A total of ten boats at Leith between 1877 and 1881. Twenty-one boats were completed at Granton , his last vessel being Degrave in 1886. Most of these were sold to foreign owners in France , Belgium , Spain and the West Indies . The first steam boats were made of wood, but steel hulls were soon introduced and were divided into watertight compartments. They were well designed for

1144-490: Is forward of the superstructure, with the towing warps passed through deck bollards and then out to the towing blocks on the booms. Beam trawling is used in the flatfish fisheries in the North Sea . They are equipped with equipment for hauling the net and stowing it aboard. Typically an multibeam echosounder is used for finding fish. They are medium-sized and high-powered vessels, towing gear at speeds up to 8 knots . To avoid

1232-425: Is forward or midships and the working deck aft. Pelagic trawlers can have fish pumps to empty the codend. Side trawlers have the trawl deployed over the side with the trawl warps passing through blocks suspended from a forward gallow and an aft gallow. Usually the superstructure is towards the stern, the fish hold amidships, and the transversal trawl winch forward of the superstructure. A derrick may be boom-rigged to

1320-432: Is higher. During both World Wars some countries created small warships by converting and arming existing trawlers or building new vessels to standard trawler designs. They were typically armed with a small naval gun and sometimes depth charges, and were used for patrolling, escorting other vessels and minesweeping. Occupational safety is a concern on fishing trawlers. For example, a United States cooperative which operates

1408-444: Is shown by a notice in at least one steam trawler's boiler room saying " Do not dry oil frocks over the boiler ". Trawlers can be classified by their architecture, the type of fish they catch, the fishing method used, or geographical origin. The classification used below follows the FAO , who classify trawlers by the gear they use. Outrigger trawlers use outriggers , or booms, to tow

1496-402: Is the uniquely surviving Ross Tiger . The museum, including Ross Tiger , is said to be the home of various spirits. This has manifested itself in unexplained cold spots, smells, such as tobacco smoke, and footsteps with no obvious source. It is believed that the spirits may be associated with the previous use of the land that the museum occupies – a former timber yard – though some believe that

1584-558: The First World War , Ruston assisted in the war effort , producing some of the first tanks and a number of aircraft, notably the Sopwith Camel . On 11 September 1918, Ruston, Proctor and Company merged with Richard Hornsby & Sons of Grantham to become Ruston and Hornsby Ltd (R&H). Hornsby was the world leader in heavy oil engines , having been building them since 1891, a full eight years before Rudolph Diesel 's engine

1672-777: The Netherlands and Scandinavia . Twelve trawlers went on to form the nucleus of the German fishing fleet. The earliest steam-powered fishing boats first appeared in the 1870s and used the trawl system of fishing as well as lines and drift nets. These were large boats, usually 80–90 feet (24–27 m) in length with a beam of around 20 feet (6.1 m). They weighed 40–50 tons and travelled at 9–11 knots (17–20 km/h; 10–13 mph). The earliest purpose-built fishing vessels were designed and made by David Allan in Leith in March 1875, when he converted

1760-551: The Queen's Award for Enterprise : International Trade (Export) in 1977, 1978 and 1982. The large Singer factory in Clydebank , which employed 11,000 people, was notably powered by Rustons turbines. The King Faisal Specialist Hospital was installed with a CHP unit in 1975. Whitehall in London is heated and has its electricity from a CHP unit built in the late 1990s. In 1940 R&H bought

1848-552: The Torry Research Station . These ships served as a basis for the expansion of 'super trawlers' around the world in the following decades. Since World War II, commercial fishing vessels have been increasingly equipped with electronic aids, such as radio navigation aids and fish finders . During the Cold War , some countries fitted fishing trawlers with additional electronic gear so they could be used as spy ships to monitor

SECTION 20

#1732854533325

1936-488: The Wayback Machine Beam trawlers are a type of outrigger trawler (above), with the superstructure aft and the working deck amidships. They use a very strong outrigger boom on each side, each towing a beam trawl , with the warps going through blocks at the end of the boom. This arrangement makes it easier to stow and handle the large beams. The outriggers are controlled from a midship A-frame or mast. The towing winch

2024-484: The trawl . These outriggers are usually fastened to, or at the foot of the mast and extend out over the sides of the vessel during fishing operations. Each side can deploy a twin trawl or a single otter trawl. Outrigger trawlers may have the superstructure forward or aft. Warp winches with capstans are installed on the deck to haul the catch. Outrigger trawlers use vertical fish finders of different kinds, according to their size. Drawing (FAO) Archived 2015-09-24 at

2112-419: The 1950s onwards. In the 1960s it was Europe's leading supplier of land-based gas turbines. It introduced Dry Low Emission (DLE) combustion technology in the mid-1990s becoming market leaders. The initiation of the production and design of gas turbines was largely due to Bob Feilden CBE (1917–2004) who joined the company in 1946. Gas turbines were first produced in 1952. The Beevor Foundry on Beevor Street

2200-475: The 300-foot (91 m) Grimsby Dock Tower was built to provide a head of water with sufficient pressure by William Armstrong . The elegant Brixham trawler spread across the world, influencing fishing fleets everywhere. By the end of the 19th century, there were over 3,000 fishing trawlers in commission in Britain, with almost 1,000 at Grimsby. These trawlers were sold to fishermen around Europe, including from

2288-476: The GEC group of companies in Lincoln (including Dormans) survived the 1970s. The company actually expanded during this difficult time, helped by the fact that 80% of its engines were exported and the North Sea oil industry was rapidly expanding at this time, which required portable electricity generation and heating. The original Ruston works (Waterside South, Lincoln) focused on Gas Turbine manufacture from 1967 becoming

2376-546: The Lincoln plant: Until the late 1960s, it produced Thermax boilers. The boiler business was sold for £1.75m to Cochrane & Co of Annan, Dumfries and Galloway in October 1968, that was bought by John Thompson of Wolverhampton four months later. It was bought by Clarke Chapman in 1970. In 1957, it was the first company to fit a main Royal Navy ship ( HMS Cumberland ) with a (experimental) gas turbine. In 1959, it opened

2464-513: The Lincoln site becoming a feeder plant. The plant was taken over by William Sinclair Horticulture , who ceased using it in 2015. The building was demolished in 2019. The Vulcan Foundry in Newton-le-Willows in Merseyside was known as Ruston Diesels (formerly Ruston Paxman Diesels) until 2002. It was taken over by MAN Diesel on 12 June 2000. Rustons – in its various incarnations –

2552-813: The Lincoln subsidiary was known as EGT (European Gas Turbines). In 2003, Alstom sold its gas turbine division (in Lincoln and Franche-Comté ) to Siemens . The site of the former headquarters at Thorngate House, on the opposite side of the A15 , was redeveloped as residential flats. When owned by GEC in the late 1960s and early 1970s, many (if not the vast majority) of Lincoln engineering firms did not survive difficult financial conditions. This included Clayton Dewandre, (that made vacuum and air-pressure brake servos and associated equipment for commercial vehicles). WH Dorman had been bought by English Electric in 1961 and took over an old R&H factory on Beevor Street. Dormans would be bought by Perkins in 1993, then closed in 1995. Only

2640-553: The North Sea lanes. The brave men of the Royal Naval Patrol Service used peacetime fishing vessels to venture into known mine infested waters to sink mines and hunt submarines. When the trawlers returned to their fishing roles the fishing fleet grew along with the national demand for fish, with Grimsby rising to the title of the largest fishing port in the world. Ross Tiger (GY 398) was built to supply that demand. Grimsby

2728-569: The Power Jets team, and whose father Victor Bone was Managing Director of R&H from 1944 until his death. It was due to Geoffrey Bone that Bob Feilden was recruited for R&H who subsequently formed the gas turbine manufacturing operations. In 1934 the company had formed Aveling-Barford from two companies Aveling & Porter of Kent and Barford & Perkins of Peterborough, using a former site of R&H. The company closed its Grantham diesel-engine factory in 1963. In November 1966, R&H

Ross Tiger - Misplaced Pages Continue

2816-754: The activities of other countries. Modern trawlers are usually decked vessels designed for robustness. Their superstructure ( wheelhouse and accommodation) can be forward, midship or aft. Motorised winches , electronic navigation and sonar systems are usually installed. Fishing equipment varies in sophistication depending on the size of the vessel and the technology used. Design features for modern fishing trawlers vary substantially, as many national maritime jurisdictions do not impose compulsory vessel inspection standards for smaller commercial fishing vessels. Mechanised hauling devices are used on modern trawlers. Trawl winches, such as Gilson winches, net drums and other auxiliary winches are installed on deck to control

2904-508: The aging vessels were soon to be redundant and Ross Tiger was looking at the breakers' yard or yet another change of hands. Once again, Ross Tiger proved lucky. She was purchased by a museum trust to become the star attraction of her home town's Fishing Heritage Centre, and restored to her fishing day glory. An article in the Grimsby Telegraph on 14 July 1992 quoted the local council as they made it clear that Ross Tiger "will remain as

2992-590: The agricultural market; however, they also created steam rollers which were used for making roads and owned by contractors and councils. In the First World War, the company made around 2,750 aeroplanes and 3,000 aero engines . The 1,000th Sopwith Camel (B7380), built at the plant in 1917, was named the Wings of Horus . The company built around 1,600 Sopwith Camels, 250 Sopwith 1½ Strutters , and 200 Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2s . The company, as Ruston & Proctor,

3080-506: The boat capsizing if the trawl snags on the sea floor, winch brakes can be installed, along with safety release systems in the boom stays. The engine power of bottom trawlers is restricted to 2000 HP (1472 kW) for further safety. Otter trawlers deploy one or more parallel trawls kept apart horizontally using otter boards . These trawls can be towed in midwater or along the bottom. Otter trawlers range in size from sailing canoes to supertrawlers. Otter trawlers usually have two gallows at

3168-405: The bridge, is also surprisingly well preserved, including the original lampshades. Ross Tiger has recently undergone substantial maintenance work to her exterior above the waterline. The ship is still in sound condition, but unless she is able to secure funding for her future and the required maintenance work that will soon be needed to be carried out on her hull, including transport to an area of

3256-443: The catch can undergo some preliminary processing by being passed through sorting and washing devices. At a further stage, the fish might be mechanically gutted and filleted . Factory trawlers may process fish oil and fish meal and may include canning plants. Crew quarters are usually below the wheelhouse and may include bunks , with cot sides to stop the occupant from rolling out in heavy weather. The need for drying sea clothes

3344-755: The chief engineer, Edward Boughton, who joined the company in 1916 after helping to develop the tank . Later he would start the Automotive Products Group (APG) in Leamington Spa in 1920 which made Borg & Beck clutches, Lockheed hydraulic brakes, and Purolator fuel filters . In September 1944, when the German Wehrmacht OB West headquarters at Saint-Germain-en-Laye (near Paris ) were captured, previously commanded by Field Marshal Günther von Kluge (from 2 July 1944), they were found to be powered by Ruston diesel engines. It built

3432-465: The company attempted to diversify and one outcome was the Ruston-Hornsby car. Two versions were made, a 15.9 hp with a Dorman 2614 cc engine and a larger 20 hp model with 3308 cc engine of their own manufacture. The cars were, however, very heavy, being built on a 9-inch chassis , and extremely expensive – the cheapest was around £440 and the most expensive nearly £1,000, and within

3520-514: The correct distance between the two vessels. Communication instruments range from basic radio devices to maritime distress systems and EPIRBs , as well as devices for communicating with the crew. Fish detection devices, such as echosounders and sonar , are used to locate fish. During trawling operations, a range of trawl sensors may be used to assist with controlling and monitoring gear. These are often referred to as "trawl monitoring systems" or "net mensuration systems". Modern trawlers store

3608-417: The crew with a large building that contained the wheelhouse and the deckhouse . The boats built in the 20th century only had a mizzen sail , which was used to help steady the boat when its nets were out. The main function of the mast was now as a crane for lifting the catch ashore. It also had a steam capstan on the foredeck near the mast for hauling nets . These boats had a crew of twelve made up of

Ross Tiger - Misplaced Pages Continue

3696-411: The deck equipment, including an appropriate combination winch, can be rearranged and used for both methods. Blocks, purse davits, trawl gallows and rollers need to be arranged so they control the pursing lines and warp leads and in such a way as to reduce the time required to convert from one arrangement to the other. These vessels are usually classified as trawlers, since the power requirement for trawling

3784-454: The design. This included slightly extending the bridge top to allow for larger side-light screens and the addition of bobbin derricks to the bridge verandah to assist in working the trawl. Most of the class built after 1958 featured a flat transom, although Ross Jackal of 1960 was given the original rounded transom as seen on Ross Tiger . Despite these few alterations the vessels of the class were, in most respects, identical sisters. Today, what

3872-406: The designs for the houses, which were built between April 1919 and September 1920. The vision for the new suburb included a technical institute, church and schools. After running into financial difficulties the development was sold in 1925 to Swanpool Garden Suburb Ltd, a private company, but only 113 of the planned 2–3000 houses had been constructed and no more were built. After the First World War

3960-480: The development of an early type of sailing trawler called a Dogger , which commonly operated in the North Sea . It takes its name from an earlier type of the same name, and from the area fished. The word is the Dutch word for codfish ( dogge ), but has come to mean a fishing vessel which tows a trawl . Doggers were slow but sturdy, capable of fishing in the rough conditions of the North Sea. The modern fishing trawler

4048-410: The docks that will permit this, the ship will be at risk of further deterioration. The recent scrapping the historic PS Lincoln Castle is still fresh in the memories of those who care for the tremendously significant and industrious history of the region. Ross Tiger was the first of twelve new trawlers for the 'middle water' fleet of Ross Trawlers Ltd, complementing the larger 'deep water' fleet of

4136-539: The docks. A fond memory of Ross Trawlers may well have been enough to ensure that those lads signed onto a Ross Group ship instead of one of the many rival firms in the town. As a middle water trawler she would work the North Sea , Faroe Islands and the Norwegian coast, although is capable of making trips further north. The larger 'deep water' vessels would commonly take on the hazardous Arctic oceans including Bear Island and Greenland . Ross Revenge , better known as

4224-597: The envy of the nation, Grimsby was famed for its great fishing fleet. Fishing from the port of Grimsby goes back as far as Grim, the Danish fisherman who founded the town, and her trawlers were a permanent feature of one of the busiest waterways in the British Isles – the River Humber. During World War II, Grimsby became the largest base for minesweepers in Britain, with the trawlers and motor minesweepers clearing 34,858 mines from

4312-451: The firm, with Cochrane and Sons also constructing a new smaller class of 'near water' vessels. Ross Tiger and her sisters were to be known as the 'Cat Class' or the 'Cat Boats', each being named after a type of cat, although Ross Jackal and Ross Zebra also belonged to the group. This inclusion of a dog and a horse in the Cat Class was probably the result of a local school being involved in

4400-682: The first gas turbine to burn North Sea gas , for the Eastern Gas Board in Watford . In 1981 it won an order to power the Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhgorod pipeline (Trans-Siberian Pipeline). Research work was done in conjunction with the University of Sussex and with Cranfield University in the 1980s, where extensive development was undertaken of the combustion chamber and of the gallery to the turbine. Industrial Gas Turbines of note manufactured at

4488-530: The first prototype of the Valiant tank in 1944. The Grantham site built the Matilda II tank. Ruston & Hornsby was a major producer of small and medium diesel engines for land and marine applications. The company began to build diesel locomotives in 1931 (and continued up until 1967). It was a pioneer and major developer in the industrial application of small (up to 10,000 kW) heavy duty gas turbines from

SECTION 50

#1732854533325

4576-477: The fish in ice or sea water which has been refrigerated. A freezer stern trawler stores the fish in frozen boxes or blocks, and a factory stern trawler processes the catch. A pelagic stern trawler may use fish pumps to empty the codend. The majority of trawlers operating on the high seas are freezer trawlers. They have facilities for preserving fish by freezing, allowing them to remain at sea for extended periods of time. They are medium- to large-size trawlers, with

4664-446: The fish they catch in some form of chilled condition. At the least, the fish will be stored in boxes covered with ice or stored with ice in the fish hold. In general, the fish are kept fresh by chilling them with ice or refrigerated sea water, or freezing them in blocks. Also, many trawlers carry out some measure of onboard fish processing , and the larger the vessel, the more likely it is to include fish processing facilities. For example,

4752-587: The fishing grounds in the ocean. They were also sufficiently robust to be able to tow large trawls in deep water. The great trawling fleet that built up at Brixham earned the village the title of 'Mother of Deep-Sea Fisheries'. This revolutionary design made large scale trawling in the ocean possible for the first time, resulting in a substantial migration of fishermen from the ports in the South of England, to villages further north, such as Scarborough , Hull , Grimsby , Harwich and Yarmouth , that were points of access to

4840-776: The foremast to help shoot the cod end from the side. Until the late 1960s, side trawlers were the most common deepsea boat used in North Atlantic fisheries. The 1950s side trawler, Ross Tiger is preserved in Grimsby while the larger, 1960s distant water vessel, the Arctic Corsair is preserved in Hull. These trawlers were used for a longer period than other kinds of trawlers, but are now being replaced by stern trawlers. Some side trawlers still in use have been equipped with net drums. Stern trawlers have trawls which are deployed and retrieved from

4928-600: The hauntings of the Ross Tiger are more likely to be due to former crew members or a particular ex-member of the museum staff that enjoys making his presence known. Investigators from television's Most Haunted have visited the ship. Include but may not be limited to: 53°34′10″N 0°05′00″W  /  53.569456°N 0.083316°W  / 53.569456; -0.083316 Fishing trawler There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to local traditions, bottom conditions, and how large and powerful

5016-611: The head office of Ruston Gas Turbines. Napier Turbochargers , that had been owned by English Electric since 1942, moved to the site from Liverpool. With the change of ownership in 1989 the name was changed to European Gas Turbines Ltd. Following a spell as Alstom Gas Turbines Ltd, the company is now known as Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd. The design and research centre in Lincoln opened in May 1957. Siemens announced in September 2009 that Gas Turbine packaging operations were to move abroad with

5104-541: The large fishing grounds in the Atlantic Ocean . The small village of Grimsby grew to become the 'largest fishing port in the world' by the mid 19th century. With the tremendous expansion in the fishing industry, the Grimsby Dock Company was opened in 1854 as the first modern fishing port. The facilities incorporated many innovations of the time – the dock gates and cranes were operated by hydraulic power , and

5192-589: The late 1960s, Ruston & Hornsby CHP units were installed in Australia, Germany, the US, South America, and the Middle East. In the 1970s, these CHP schemes were not as well developed as today because electricity companies were not interested in developing a market that would provide direct competition to themselves. CHP schemes were then known as total energy schemes , which comprised exhaust heat recovery . The company won

5280-426: The modern 'stern trawlers' and welded ship construction that changed the profile of the trawler forever. She is also old enough to retain the traditional character, brass and woodwork that is similar to the heritage and atmosphere of trawlers long before her time, but was lost by the 1960s. Ross Tiger was the first of twelve new trawlers for one of Grimsby's most prolific trawler owners. She entered service fresh from

5368-427: The naming of the ships. This was in keeping with the companies' involvement with the youth of the town and extended as far as giving guided school tours of the trawlers between trips whilst moored in Grimsby docks, with meals provided in the company canteen. Those children would soon be in search for work – a fact that the company knew well – and in the largest fishing port in the world that was likely to have been work at

SECTION 60

#1732854533325

5456-489: The radio ship Radio Caroline belonged to the deep water fleet of Ross Trawlers and is still in existence today, preserved in her radio ship form. The smaller vessels of the Ross fleet, designed for waters closer to home, were known as the 'Bird Class' or 'Bird Boats' and were named after birds, for example, Ross Falcon and Ross Mallard . As Ross Tiger was the first of her kind, subsequent Cat Class vessels saw minor alterations to

5544-413: The rail links from the town allowed for Grimsby fish to supply the nation, particularly with links to the south and the great Billingsgate Fish Market of London. The Cod Wars spelt the end of the life of many Grimsby trawlers, though some were saved from the breakers' yard to become standby vessels used for offshore oil rigs. The Ross Tiger was among those fortunate few, changing hands in 1985. However,

5632-487: The same general arrangement as stern or side trawlers. Drawing (FAO) Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Wet fish trawlers are trawlers where the fish are kept in the hold in a fresh/wet condition, in boxes covered with ice or with ice in the fish hold. They must operate in areas close to their landing place, and the time such a vessel can spend fishing is limited. Trawler/purse seiners are designed so

5720-449: The skipper's chair. Larger vessels have a bridge, with a command console at the centre and a further co-pilot chair. Modern consoles display all the key information on an integrated display. Less frequently used sensors and monitors may be mounted on the deckhead . Navigational instruments, such as an autopilot and GNSS , are used for manoeuvring the vessel in harbour and at sea. Radar can be used, for example, when pair trawling to keep

5808-428: The stern with towing blocks. The towing warps run through these, each regulated by its own winch. Medium and large trawlers usually have a stern ramp for hauling the trawl onto the deck. Some trawlers tow twin parallel trawls, using three warps, each warp with its own winch. Some otter trawlers are also outrigger trawlers (above), using outriggers to tow one or two otter trawls from each side. Usually otter trawlers have

5896-522: The stern. Larger stern trawlers often have a ramp, though pelagic and small stern trawlers are often designed without a ramp. Stern trawlers are designed to operate in most weather conditions. They can work alone when midwater or bottom trawling , or two can work together as pair trawlers. The superstructure is forward with an aft working deck. At the stern are gallows or a gantry for operating otter boards. Any fish processing usually occurs in deck houses or below deck. A wet fish stern trawler stores

5984-475: The superstructure forward, though it can be aft or amidship. Gallows are on the stern quarters or there is a stern gantry for operating the otter boards. Pelagic trawlers can use fish pumps to empty the cod end . Pair trawlers are trawlers which operate together towing a single trawl. They keep the trawl open horizontally by keeping their distance when towing. Otter boards are not used. Pair trawlers operate both midwater and bottom trawls. The superstructure

6072-562: The towing warps (trawling wires) and store them when not in use. Modern trawlers make extensive use of contemporary electronics, including navigation and communication equipment, fish detection devices, and equipment to control and monitor gear. Just which equipment will be installed depends on the size and type of the trawler. Much of this equipment can be controlled from the wheelhouse or bridge. Smaller trawlers have wheelhouses, where electronic equipment for navigation, communications, fish detection and trawl sensors are typically arranged about

6160-400: The town. Fishing the way that Ross Tiger did, the handling of the heavy trawl equipment of a sidewinder, the open decks and low rails and the long hours in the elements gutting fish by hand on deck is thankfully far from the ways of the modern deep sea trawlers of today. The only reminder in Grimsby of what people in this part of the world did for so long, on this traditional design of trawler,

6248-399: The trawling boats are. A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30  horsepower (22 kW) or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower (7457 kW). Trawl variants include beam trawls, large-opening midwater trawls, and large bottom trawls, such as "rock hoppers" that are rigged with heavy rubber wheels that let the net crawl over rocky bottom. The 17th century saw

6336-467: The yards of Cochrane and Sons, Selby, Yorkshire to become part of the 'middle water' fleet for Ross Trawlers Ltd. The trawlers of the town took their crews away in what is recognised as 'the most dangerous job in the United Kingdom' and scoured the ocean floors for deep sea fish, with a particular focus on cod and haddock. Haddock, regarded as a cleaner fish by Grimbarians, was preferred locally although

6424-616: Was a subsidiary of a larger company. It became known as the Ruston Turbine Division of English Electric Diesels. Following the acquisition by English Electric the production of large Ruston engines was moved to the English Electric Vulcan Foundry factory in Newton-le-Willows . The production of the smaller engine range was moved to Stafford where it became a part of the Dorman Diesel range. Turbine technology

6512-440: Was built in 1925 in Grimsby. Trawler designs adapted as the way they were powered changed from sail to coal-fired steam by World War I to diesel and turbines by the end of World War II . The first trawlers fished over the side, rather than over the stern . In 1947, the company Christian Salvesen , based in Leith , Scotland, refitted a surplus Algerine -class minesweeper (HMS Felicity ) with refrigeration equipment and

6600-404: Was concentrated in Lincoln with Napier turbochargers moving from Liverpool to Lincoln in 1967. In 1969 the Lincoln site became Ruston Gas Turbines. The name was then changed to European Gas Turbines in 1989 following the merger of GEC and Alcatel Alsthom . Later this business was sold to Siemens . The gas turbine business is still in the old Ruston factory in the centre of Lincoln. R&H

6688-668: Was concurrently President of the IMechE from 1984 to 1985 and also President of the International Council on Combustion Engines from 1973 to 1977. He was Managing Director from 1971 to 1983 and developed the W layout for gas turbine power stations that were used as emergency generating stations for the National Grid , also known as peaking power plants . These had to be developed due to prolonged electricity blackouts in south-east England in 1961 caused by cascading failure . It built

6776-505: Was developed in the 19th century, at the English fishing port of Brixham . By the early 19th century, the fishermen at Brixham needed to expand their fishing area further than ever before due to the ongoing depletion of stocks that was occurring in the overfished waters of South Devon . The Brixham trawler that evolved there was of a sleek build and had a tall gaff rig , which gave the vessel sufficient speed to make long-distance trips out to

6864-633: Was included in the purchase of English Electric by the General Electric Company (GEC) in 1968. By the end of 1969 the Lincoln subsidiary company was known as Ruston Gas Turbines. The Ruston Paxman diesels division became known as Ruston Diesels, and moved to the former English Electric diesel works. The former Power Jets plant at Whetstone became a research plant for the gas turbine division of GEC. GEC then merged its heavy engineering division with Alsthom of France, becoming part of GEC-Alsthom in 1989, which changed its name to Alstom in 1998, when

6952-600: Was inspired to create a garden suburb in Lincoln – the Swanpool Garden Suburb . His vision was to provide affordable houses for his workers, with easy access to healthy outdoor recreation, such as a pleasure ground, cricket ground and swimming baths. Ruston purchased 25 acres of the Boultham Hall estate and established the Swanpool Co-operative Society. Architects Hennell and James of London created

7040-437: Was lost to ships with a hardy sleek steel wheelhouse amidships, the ships developed sleek hulls with the addition of a 'whaleback' forward in an attempt to provide shelter to the fishdeck, steam engines were replaced by modern powerful marine diesel technology and at the final stage of this evolution of the side winder trawler is Ross Tiger . Being built in the 1950s she was constructed the decade prior to Grimsby's introduction to

7128-465: Was once the largest fishing port in the world has only a handful of small fishing craft and no deep water fleet. The recent controversial loss of the PS Lincoln Castle gave cause for concern that the town was losing touch with its once Great status, with the Grimsby Telegraph quoting NE Lincs Council as stating 'it would not be right to burden council taxpayers with the bill' to keep the steamer in

7216-680: Was opened in 1950 by General Sir William Joseph Slim (later Field Marshal William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim ), and claimed to be the biggest foundry in Europe. In the 1950s, it was producing one turbine a fortnight. The company sold its 1,000th gas turbine in July 1977. It won the MacRobert Award in December 1983 for the Tornado gas turbine. The company's Cambridge -educated Egyptian chairman, Dr Waheeb Rizk OBE,

7304-668: Was produced commercially. Ruston built oil and diesel engines in sizes from a few HP up to large industrial engines. Several R&H engines are on display at the Anson Engine Museum at Poynton , Manchester and also at Internal Fire - Museum of Power , Tanygroes near Cardigan. The company also diversified into the manufacture of petrol engines, again from around 1.5 hp upwards, some of these designs were later manufactured under licence by The Wolseley Sheep Shearing Machine Company . The firm were builders of steam engines and portable steam engines for many years, mainly for

7392-592: Was purchased by English Electric . Robert Inskip, 2nd Viscount Caldecote became Chairman of the company. Subsidiaries of R&H included Bergius-Kelvin of Glasgow , Davey, Paxman & Co of Colchester (now owned by MAN Energy Solutions ) and Alfred Wiseman Gears in Grantham . Up to that point, the company had been listed on the London Stock Exchange . This formed Britain's second largest diesel engine group, second to Hawker-Lister . From that moment on it

7480-584: Was sent to the Paris Exhibition in 1867 . In 1868 it built five 0-6-0 tank engines for the Great Eastern Railway to the design of Samuel Waite Johnson . Three of these were converted to crane tanks, two of which lasted until 1952, aged eighty-four. Among the company's output were sixteen for Argentina and some for T. A. Walker, the contractor building the Manchester Ship Canal . During

7568-455: Was spent travelling to and from the fishing grounds, more time could be spent fishing. The steam boats also gained the highest prices for their fish, as they could return quickly to harbour with their fresh catch. Steam trawlers were introduced at Grimsby and Hull in the 1880s. In 1890 it was estimated that there were 20,000 men on the North Sea. The steam drifter was not used in the herring fishery until 1897. The last sailing fishing trawler

7656-647: Was the largest British builder of aero-engines in the war, and built the largest bomb of the war. One of the directors, Frederick Howard Livens, had a son who was an army officer on the front line. Captain William Howard Livens was sent to Lincoln, where he developed the Livens Projector and the Livens Large Gallery Flame Projector . Neighbouring manufacturer Clayton & Shuttleworth also built planes. In 1919, Colonel J.S. Ruston

7744-447: Was witness to the evolution of the fishing trawler. It saw the change from the early timber sailing vessels to the introduction of steam which revolutionised the fishing fleet. Steam allowed for powerful vessels to push ever further north and it was soon found that new steel steam trawler design had to evolve further to cope with the extreme environments the ships were required to encounter; the traditional 'bridge aft side' design of trawler

#324675