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53-460: (Redirected from Red Dog ) Red dog or Red Dog may refer to: Animals [ edit ] Dhole , a canid species also called the red dog or Asiatic wild dog Red Dog (Pilbara) , a dog which travelled Western Australia in the 1970s and inspired the novel Red Dog and the related film franchise Entertainment and media [ edit ] Characters [ edit ] Red Dog (G.I. Joe) ,

106-467: A Mowgli story by Rudyard Kipling Red Dog (short story collection) , a short story (and collection of anecdotes and poetry) by Nancy Gillespie Music [ edit ] The Legendary Red Dog, nickname of Joseph L. Campbell , roadie for The Allman Brothers Band People [ edit ] James Allen Red Dog , serial killer Don Ettinger , footballer nicknamed "Red Dog Places [ edit ] Red Dog Airport Red Dog Saloon ,

159-449: A bar in Juneau, Alaska Red Dog Saloon (Virginia City, Nevada) , a bar that played an important role in the history of the psychedelic music scene Manuwarra Red Dog Highway , currently under construction Red Dog, California , a mining ghost town Red Dog mine Red Dog Mine, Alaska Sports [ edit ] Red dog (American football) , a strategy of sending a player on

212-547: A complex body language . Friendly or submissive greetings are accompanied by horizontal lip retraction and the lowering of the tail, as well as licking. Playful dholes open their mouths with their lips retracted and their tails held in a vertical position whilst assuming a play bow. Aggressive or threatening dholes pucker their lips forward in a snarl and raise the hairs on their backs, as well as keep their tails horizontal or vertical. When afraid, they pull their lips back horizontally with their tails tucked and their ears flat against

265-704: A fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe Red Dog, a canine character in the Red Dog film series played by the Australian canine film actor Koko and that is based on the Pilbara wanderer. Clifford (character) , the centerpiece of the Clifford the Big Red Dog franchise Films [ edit ] Rustlers of Red Dog , 1935 film Red Dog (film) , a 2011 film adapted from de Bernières' novel Red Dog: True Blue ,

318-479: A full-out defensive rush, known in the modern era as a blitz. Red Dogs, the name given to fans of the Romanian football team FC Dinamo București Redd Dogg, a ring name used by professional wrestler Rodney Begnaud NASCAR Xfinity Series at Charlotte (spring race) , previously known as "Red Dog 300" Myrtle Beach 250 , previously known as "Red Dog 250" Other uses [ edit ] Operation Red Dog ,

371-464: A lineage closely related to the African wild dog ( Lycaon pictus ). The dhole is a highly social animal, living in large clans without rigid dominance hierarchies and containing multiple breeding females. Such clans usually consist of about 12 individuals, but groups of over 40 are known. It is a diurnal pack hunter which preferentially targets large and medium-sized ungulates . In tropical forests,

424-516: A planned invasion of Dominica, organized by American and Canadian Ku Klux Klan leaders in concert with former prime minister Patrick John Microsoft Azure , previously codenamed "Red Dog" Red Dog (beer) , an inexpensive beer produced by the Plank Road Brewery (Miller Brewing Co.) Red dog (coal slag ), a byproduct of coal mining Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

477-428: A prequel to the 2011 film Koko: A Red Dog Story , a spin-off documentary about the star of the 2011 film, Koko Games [ edit ] Red dog (card game) , a card game found in some casinos Red Dog: Superior Firepower , a Dreamcast Vehicular combat game style shooter Literature [ edit ] Red Dog (novel) , a short novel by Louis de Bernières "Red Dog" (Kipling short story) ,

530-523: A single record also reported from North America ) but became restricted to its historical range 12,000–18,000 years ago. It is now extinct in Central Asia , parts of Southeast Asia , and possibly the Korean peninsula and Russia . Genetic evidence indicates that the dhole was the result of reticulate evolution , emerging from the hybridization between a species closely related to genus Canis and from

583-538: A source of much confusion in determining the species' systematic position among the Canidae. George Simpson placed the dhole in the subfamily Simocyoninae alongside the African wild dog and the bush dog , on account of all three species' similar dentition. Subsequent authors, including Juliet Clutton-Brock , noted greater morphological similarities to canids of the genera Canis , Dusicyon and Alopex than to either Speothos or Lycaon , with any resemblance to

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636-485: Is a canid native to South , East and Southeast Asia . It is anatomically distinguished from members of the genus Canis in several aspects: its skull is convex rather than concave in profile, it lacks a third lower molar and the upper molars possess only a single cusp as opposed to between two and four. During the Pleistocene , the dhole ranged throughout Asia , with its range also extending into Europe (with

689-511: Is a record of a dhole that interbred with a golden jackal. DNA sequencing of the Sardinian dhole ( Cynotherium sardous ) an extinct small canine species formerly native to the island of Sardinia in the Mediterranean, and which has often been suggested to have descended from Xenocyon , has found that it is most closely related to the living dhole among canines. In 2018, whole genome sequencing

742-729: Is also present in Arunachal Pradesh , Assam , Meghalaya and West Bengal and in the Indo-Gangetic Plain 's Terai region. Dhole populations in the Himalayas and northwest India are fragmented. In 2011, dhole packs were recorded by camera traps in the Chitwan National Park . Its presence was confirmed in the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area in 2011 by camera traps. In February 2020, dholes were sighted in

795-560: Is occasionally sighted in plains regions. In the Bek-Tosot Conservancy of southern Kyrgyzstan , the possible presence of the dholes was considered likely based on genetic samples collected in 2019. This was the first record of dholes from the country in almost three decades. The dhole might still be present in the Tunkinsky National Park in extreme southern Siberia near Lake Baikal . It possibly still lives in

848-614: Is unclear. The possible earliest written use of the word in English occurred in 1808 by soldier Thomas Williamson, who encountered the animal in Ramghur district , India . He stated that dhole was a common local name for the species. In 1827, Charles Hamilton Smith claimed that it was derived from a language spoken in 'various parts of the East'. Two years later, Smith connected this word with Turkish : deli 'mad, crazy', and erroneously compared

901-644: The Canid Specialist Group of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) states that further research is needed because all of the samples were from the southern part of this species' range and the Tien Shan subspecies has distinct morphology. In the absence of further data, the researchers involved in the study speculated that Javan and Sumatran dholes could have been introduced to

954-500: The European dhole ( C. a. europaeus ) was modern-looking and the transformation of the lower molar into a single cusped, slicing tooth had been completed; however, its size was comparable with that of a wolf. This subspecies became extinct in Europe at the end of the late Würm period, but the species as a whole still inhabits a large area of Asia. The European dhole may have survived up until

1007-521: The Lycaon lineage, but this ancestry is significantly higher in modern dholes than in the Sardinian dhole. Historically, up to ten subspecies of dholes have been recognised. As of 2005 , seven subspecies are recognised. However, studies on the dhole's mtDNA and microsatellite genotype showed no clear subspecific distinctions. Nevertheless, two major phylogeographic groupings were discovered in dholes of

1060-1057: The Malaysian Peninsula , Sumatra , Java , Vietnam and Thailand , with the Vietnamese population considered to be possibly extinct. In 2014, camera trap videos in the montane tropical forests at 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in the Kerinci Seblat National Park in Sumatra revealed its continued presence. A camera trapping survey in the Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary in Thailand from January 2008 to February 2010 documented one healthy dhole pack. In northern Laos , dholes were studied in Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected Area. Camera trap surveys from 2012 to 2017 recorded dholes in

1113-653: The Moscow Zoo moult once a year from March to May. A melanistic individual was recorded in the northern Coimbatore Forest Division in Tamil Nadu . The dhole has a wide and massive skull with a well-developed sagittal crest , and its masseter muscles are highly developed compared to other canid species, giving the face an almost hyena -like appearance. The rostrum is shorter than that of domestic dogs and most other canids. It has six rather than seven lower molars . The upper molars are weak, being one third to one half

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1166-666: The Primorsky Krai province in far eastern Russia, where it was considered a rare and endangered species in 2004, with unconfirmed reports in the Pikthsa-Tigrovy Dom protected forest area; no sighting was reported in other areas since the late 1970s. Currently, no other recent reports are confirmed of dholes being present in Russia , so the IUCN considered them to be extinct in Russia. However,

1219-746: The Vansda National Park , with camera traps confirming the presence of two individuals in May of the same year. This was the first confirmed sighting of dholes in Gujarat since 1970. In Bhutan , the dhole is present in Jigme Dorji National Park . In Bangladesh , it inhabits forest reserves in the Sylhet area, as well the Chittagong Hill Tracts in the southeast. Recent camera trap photos in

1272-1059: The Xinjiang Autonomous Region. Several packs and a female adult with pups were also recorded by camera traps at elevations of around 2,500 to 4,000 m (8,200 to 13,100 ft) in Yanchiwan National Nature Reserve in the northern Gansu Province in 2013–2014. Dholes have been also reported in the Altyn-Tagh Mountains. In China's Yunnan Province, dholes were recorded in Baima Xueshan Nature Reserve in 2010–2011. Dhole samples were obtained in Jiangxi Province in 2013. Confirmed records by camera-trapping since 2008 have occurred in southern and western Gansu province, southern Shaanxi province, southern Qinghai province, southern and western Yunnan province, western Sichuan province,

1325-405: The 18th and 19th centuries is "considerably north" of where this species occurs today. Canis primaevus was a name proposed by Brian Houghton Hodgson in 1833 who thought that the dhole was a primitive Canis form and the progenitor of the domestic dog . Hodgson later took note of the dhole's physical distinctiveness from the genus Canis and proposed the genus Cuon . The first study on

1378-736: The Asian mainland, which likely diverged during a glaciation event . One population extends from South, Central and North India (south of the Ganges) into Myanmar, and the other extends from India north of the Ganges into northeastern India, Myanmar, Thailand and the Malaysian Peninsula. The origin of dholes in Sumatra and Java is, as of 2005 , unclear, as they show greater relatedness to dholes in India, Myanmar and China rather than with those in nearby Malaysia. However,

1431-458: The Chittagong in 2016 showed the continued presence of the dhole. These regions probably do not harbour a viable population, as mostly small groups or solitary individuals were sighted. In Myanmar , the dhole is present in several protected areas. In 2015, dholes and tigers were recorded by camera-traps for the first time in the hill forests of Karen State . Its range is highly fragmented in

1484-949: The Matsukae Cave in northern Kyushu Island in western Japan and in the Lower Kuzuu fauna in Tochigi Prefecture in Honshu Island, east Japan. Dhole fossils from the Late Pleistocene dated to about 10,700 years before present are known from the Luobi Cave or Luobi-Dong cave in Hainan Island in south China where they no longer exist. Additionally, fossils of canidae possibly belonging to dhole have been excavated from Dajia River in Taichung County , Taiwan. A single record of

1537-512: The Middle and Late Pleistocene fossil record of Europe. In 2021, the analyses of the mitochondrial genomes extracted from the fossil remains of two extinct European dhole specimens from the Jáchymka cave, Czech Republic dated 35,000–45,000 years old indicate that these were genetically basal to modern dholes and possessed much greater genetic diversity. The dhole's distinctive morphology has been

1590-664: The Turkish word with Old Saxon : dol and Dutch : dol (cfr. also English: dull ; German : toll ), which are in fact from the Proto-Germanic * dwalaz 'foolish, stupid'. Richard Lydekker wrote nearly 80 years later that the word was not used by the natives living within the species' range. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary theorises that it may have come from the Kannada : ತೋಳ , romanized:  tōḷa , lit.   'wolf'. Other English names for

1643-601: The dhole competes with the tiger ( Panthera tigris ) and the leopard ( Panthera pardus ), targeting somewhat different prey species, but still with substantial dietary overlap. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List , as populations are decreasing and estimated to comprise fewer than 2,500 mature individuals. Factors contributing to this decline include habitat loss, loss of prey, competition with other species, persecution due to livestock predation, and disease transfer from domestic dogs . The etymology of "dhole"

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1696-626: The dhole is known from North America. This consists of a jaw fragment and teeth of Late Pleistocene age found in San Josecito Cave in northeast Mexico, dating to around 27–11,000 years ago. Domestic dog [REDACTED] Gray wolf [REDACTED] Coyote [REDACTED] African wolf [REDACTED] Golden jackal [REDACTED] Ethiopian wolf [REDACTED] Dhole [REDACTED] African wild dog [REDACTED] Side-striped jackal [REDACTED] Black-backed jackal [REDACTED] Dholes are also known from

1749-749: The dhole lived in Singapore and throughout Central Asia ( Afghanistan , Kyrgyzstan , Kazakhstan , Mongolia , Tajikistan and Uzbekistan ), though it is now considered to be regionally extinct in these regions. Historical record in South Korea from the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty also indicate that the dhole lived in Yangju of Gyeonggi Province , but it is now also extinct in South Korea, with

1802-732: The dhole might be present in the eastern Sayan Mountains and in the Transbaikal region; it has been sighted in Tofalaria in the Irkutsk Oblast , the Republic of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai . One pack was sighted in the Qilian Mountains in 2006. In 2011 to 2013, local government officials and herders reported the presence of several dhole packs at elevations of 2,000 to 3,500 m (6,600 to 11,500 ft) near Taxkorgan Nature Reserve in

1855-881: The dhole's distribution may have once included the Middle East , from where it may have admixed with the African wild dog in North Africa . However, there is no evidence of the dhole having existed in the Middle East nor North Africa, though the Lycaon was present in Europe during the Early Pleistocene, with its last record in the region dating to 830,000 years ago. Genetic evidence from the Sardinan dhole suggests that both Sardinian and modern dholes (which are estimated to have split from each other around 900,000 years ago) share ancestry from

1908-589: The early Holocene in the Iberian Peninsula . and what is believed to be dhole remains have been found at Riparo Fredian in northern Italy dated 10,800 years old. The vast Pleistocene range of this species also included numerous islands in Asia that this species no longer inhabits, such as Sri Lanka , Borneo and possibly Palawan in the Philippines . Middle Pleistocene dhole fossils have also been found in

1961-574: The genus Canis . In comparison, the modern species has greatly reduced molars and the cusps have developed into sharply trenchant points. During the Early Middle Pleistocene there arose both Canis majori stehlini that was the size of a large wolf , and the early dhole Canis alpinus Pallas 1811 which first appeared at Hundsheim and Mosbach in Germany. In the Late Pleistocene era

2014-421: The islands by humans. Fossils of dhole from the early Middle Pleistocene have been found in Java . ( nominate subspecies ) The dhole's general tone of the fur is reddish, with the brightest hues occurring in winter. In the winter coat, the back is clothed in a saturated rusty-red to reddish colour with brownish highlights along the top of the head, neck and shoulders. The throat, chest, flanks, and belly and

2067-466: The last known capture reports in 1909 and 1921 from Yeoncheon of Gyeonggi Province . The current presence of dholes in North Korea and Pakistan is considered uncertain. The dholes also once inhabited the alpine steppes extending into Kashmir to the Ladakh area, though they disappeared from 60% of their historic range in India during the past century. In India, Myanmar, Indochina, Indonesia and China, it prefers forested areas in alpine zones and

2120-464: The latter two being due to convergent evolution . Some authors consider the extinct Canis subgenus Xenocyon as ancestral to both the genus Lycaon and the genus Cuon . Subsequent studies on the canid genome revealed that the dhole and African wild dog are closely related to members of the genus Canis . This closeness to Canis may have been confirmed in a menagerie in Madras , where according to zoologist Reginald Innes Pocock there

2173-452: The origins of the species was conducted by paleontologist Erich Thenius, who concluded in 1955 that the dhole was a post-Pleistocene descendant of a golden jackal-like ancestor. The paleontologist Bjorn Kurten wrote in his 1968 book Pleistocene Mammals of Europe that the primitive dhole Canis majori Del Campana 1913 —the remains of which have been found in Villafranchian era Valdarno , Italy and in China—was almost indistinguishable from

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2226-408: The race was scheduled for Saturday afternoon. In 1985 only, it was held the same day as The Winston . Lights were installed at Charlotte in 1993, and from 2005 to 2009 the race was a Saturday night race. In 2010, the race was moved back to 2:30 p.m. eastern in response to fans wanting an afternoon race and allowing for ABC coverage. In 2015, the race's broadcast was transferred to Fox NASCAR after

2279-432: The same Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected Area. In Vietnam , dholes were sighted only in Pu Mat National Park in 1999, in Yok Don National Park in 2003 and 2004; and in Ninh Thuan Province in 2014. A disjunct dhole population was reported in the area of Trabzon and Rize in northeastern Turkey near the border with Georgia in the 1990s. This report was not considered to be reliable. One single individual

2332-455: The shoulders. Adult females can weigh 10–17 kg (22–37 lb), while the slightly larger male may weigh 15–21 kg (33–46 lb). The mean weight of adults from three small samples was 15.1 kg (33 lb). In appearance, the dhole has been variously described as combining the physical characteristics of the gray wolf and the red fox , and as being "cat-like" on account of its long backbone and slender limbs. Historically,

2385-419: The size of those of wolves and have only one cusp as opposed to between two and four, as is usual in canids, an adaptation thought to improve shearing ability, thus allowing it to compete more successfully with kleptoparasites . In terms of size, dholes average about 88–113 cm (35–44 in) in length (excluding a 41–50 cm (16–20 in) long tail), and stand around 42–50 cm (17–20 in) at

2438-638: The skins, and, having analyzed photos of the skull of alleged dhole in Kabardino-Balkaria Republic of Russia, they concluded it was a grey wolf. Dholes produce whistles resembling the calls of red foxes, sometimes rendered as coo-coo . How this sound is produced is unknown, though it is thought to help in coordinating the pack when travelling through thick brush. When attacking prey, they emit screaming KaKaKaKAA sounds. Other sounds include whines (food soliciting), growls (warning), screams, chatterings (both of which are alarm calls) and yapping cries. In contrast to wolves, dholes do not howl or bark. Dholes have

2491-412: The skull. NASCAR Xfinity Series at Charlotte (spring race) The race's origins trace back to 1978, when a it was a NASCAR Late Model Sportsman Series race was held the day before the World 600. In 1982 it became a Busch Series race. The race celebrated its 40th running in 2018, and is considered one of the more popular races on the Xfinity Series schedule. From its inception through 2004,

2544-410: The southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region and in the Southeastern Tibet Autonomoous Region. There are also historical records of dhole dating to 1521–1935 in Hainan Island, but the species is no longer present and is estimated to have become extinct around 1942. The dhole occurs in most of India south of the Ganges, particularly in the Central Indian Highlands and the Western and Eastern Ghats . It

2597-508: The species include Asian wild dog , Asiatic wild dog , Indian wild dog , whistling dog , red dog , red wolf , and mountain wolf . Canis alpinus was the binomial name proposed by Peter Simon Pallas in 1811, who described its range as encompassing the upper levels of Udskoi Ostrog in Amurland , towards the eastern side and in the region of the upper Lena River , around the Yenisei River and occasionally crossing into China . This northern Russian range reported by Pallas during

2650-574: The title Red dog . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_dog&oldid=1239859548 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Dhole Canis alpinus The dhole ( / d oʊ l / dohl ; Cuon alpinus )

2703-505: The upper parts of the limbs are less brightly coloured, and are more yellowish in tone. The lower parts of the limbs are whitish, with dark brownish bands on the anterior sides of the forelimbs. The muzzle and forehead are greyish-reddish. The tail is very luxuriant and fluffy, and is mainly of a reddish-ocherous colour, with a dark brown tip. The summer coat is shorter, coarser and darker. The dorsal and lateral guard hairs in adults measure 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) in length. Dholes in

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2756-615: Was claimed to have been shot in 2013 in the nearby Kabardino-Balkaria Republic of Russia in the central Caucasus ; its remains were analysed in May 2015 by a biologist from the Kabardino-Balkarian State University , who concluded that the skull was indeed that of a dhole. In August 2015, researchers from the National Museum of Natural History and the Karadeniz Technical University started an expedition to track and document possible Turkish population of dhole. In October 2015, they concluded that two skins of alleged dholes in Turkey probably belonged to dogs, pending DNA analysis of samples from

2809-434: Was used to compare all members (apart from the black-backed and side-striped jackals) of the genus Canis , along with the dhole and the African wild dog ( Lycaon pictus ). There was strong evidence of ancient genetic admixture between the dhole and the African wild dog. Today, their ranges are remote from each other; however, during the Pleistocene era the dhole could be found as far west as Europe. The study proposes that

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