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37-548: When the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area was designated in March 1997, it was Nepal's third Conservation Area. In April 2003, a Kanchenjunga Conservation Area Management Council was formed with the support of WWF Nepal, comprising seven Conservation Area User Committees , 44 User Groups , and 32 Mother Groups . These community based institutions support effective implementation of all planned activities. In August 2006,

74-454: A leopard cat was recorded by a camera trap at an elevation of 4,474 m (14,678 ft). This record constitutes the highest known record to date. A melanistic leopard was photographed at an elevation of 4,300 m (14,100 ft) in May 2012. Yellow-throated marten has been recorded up to 4,510 m (14,800 ft) elevation in alpine meadow. This article about a location in

111-400: A consultative body in the kingdom for the most important functions of the state as councillors, ministers and diplomats. There was no one single successful coalition government as court politics were driven from large factional rivalries, consecutive conspiracies and ostracization of opponent Bharadar families through assassination rather than legal expulsion. Another reason was the minority of

148-460: A direct conflict with almost all the courtiers who had pledged a holy oath of allegiance to the legitimate King Girvan; this conflict eventually led to the establishment of a dual government and to an imminent civil war, with Damodar Pande leading the military force against the dissenting ex-King and his group. Since most of the military officers had sided with the courtiers, Rana Bahadur realized that his authority could not be re-established; and he

185-604: A focal point for dissident factions in Varanasi. He first sought help from the British, in exchange for which he was willing to concede a trading post in Kathmandu and grant them a percentage of the tax revenue. However, the British were in favor of working with the existing government in Nepal, rather than risking restoring an exiled ex-king to power. The Kathmandu Durbar was willing to appease

222-462: A great massacre in Bhandarkhal (a royal garden east of Kathmandu Durbar) and at the bank of Bishnumati river after which Kaji Bhimsen killed 55 senior officials to benefit from the chaos. He was declared Mukhtiyar (Chief Authority) of Nepal and led the new government from a royal mandate of minor King Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah . Mukhtiyars ruled over the executive and administrative functions of

259-477: Is appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister. The character of government in Kingdom of Nepal was driven from consultative state capacity of the previous Gorkha hill principality , known as Bharadar . These Bharadars were not drawn from high caste and politically influential families. For instance; Thar Ghan aristocratic group in the earlier Gorkha hill principality . Bharadars formed

296-465: Is the president and the prime minister holds the position of the head of executive. The role of president is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the prime minister, who is appointed by the Parliament . The heads of constitutional bodies are appointed by the president on the recommendation of Constitutional Council, with the exception of the attorney general, who

333-608: The Government of Nepal handed over the management of the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area to the Management Council. The landscape of the Kanchenjunga Conservation Area comprises cultivated lands, forests, pastures, rivers, high elevation lakes and glaciers . Mammal species include the snow leopard , Asian black bear , and red panda . Bird species symbolic of the area include the golden-breasted fulvetta , snow cock , blood pheasant , and red-billed chough . In April 2012,

370-524: The Taplejung District of Nepal is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Government of Nepal Executive: Federal Parliament : Judiciary: The Government of Nepal ( Nepali : नेपाल सरकार ) is the federal executive authority of Nepal . Prior to the abolition of the Nepalese monarchy in 2006, it was officially known as His Majesty's Government . The head of state

407-508: The British and agreed to sign a commercial treaty, as long as the wayward Rana Bahadur and his group were held in India under strict British surveillance. This arrangement was kept a secret from Rana Bahadur and his group; when they eventually became aware of the strictures on their movement, and hence the treaty, they were incensed at the British as well as the proponents ( Damodar Pande and his faction) of this treaty in Nepal. An elaborate intrigue

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444-474: The British on 24 January 1804. The suspension of diplomatic ties also gave the Governor General a pretext to allow the ex-King Rana Bahadur to return to Nepal unconditionally. As soon as they received the news, Rana Bahadur and his group proceeded towards Kathmandu. Some troops were sent by Kathmandu Durbar to check their progress, but the troops changed their allegiance when they came face to face with

481-472: The border of Nepal on 26 July 1801, and taking advantage of the weak regency, was slowly making her way towards Kathmandu with the view of taking over the regency. Back in Kathmandu the court politics turned complicated when Mul Kaji (or chief minister) Kirtiman Singh Basnet, a favorite of the Regent Subarnaprabha, was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters of Rajarajeshwari. In

518-456: The courtiers that aligned themselves around her and Subarnaprabha. Sensing an imminent hostility, Knox aligned himself with Subarnaprabha and attempted to interfere with the internal politics of Nepal. Getting a wind of this matter, Rajarajeshwari dissolved the government and elected new ministers, with Damodar Pande as the mul kaji, while the Resident Knox, finding himself persona non grata and

555-439: The eldest son of Prithvi Narayan Shah , left a huge power vacuum that remained unfilled for decades, seriously debilitating the emerging Nepalese state. Pratap Singh Shah's successor was his son, Rana Bahadur Shah (reigned 1777–99), aged two and one-half years at his accession. The acting regent until 1785 was Queen Rajendralakshmi , followed by Bahadur Shah (reigned 1785–94), the second son of Prithvi Narayan Shah . Court life

592-409: The government of Nepal comprised As for Regmi states, the government of Nepal comprised In 1794, King Rana Bahadur Shah came of age and his first act was to re-constitute the government such that his uncle, Prince Bahadur Shah of Nepal , had no official part to play. Rana Bahadur appointed Kirtiman Singh Basnyat as Chief ( Mul ) Kaji among the newly appointed four Kajis though Damodar Pande

629-480: The objectives of his mission frustrated, voluntarily left Kathmandu to reside in Makwanpur citing a cholera epidemic. Subarnaprabha and the members of her faction were arrested. Such open display of anti-British feelings and humiliation prompted the Governor General of the time Richard Wellesley to recall Knox to India and unilaterally suspend the diplomatic ties. The Treaty of 1801 was also unilaterally annulled by

666-445: The principles of Hindu Dharma codes of conduct. The king had full rights to expel any person who offended the country and also pardon the offenders and grant return to the country. The government on practicality was not an absolute monarchy due to the dominance of Nepalese political clans making the Shah monarch a puppet ruler. These basic Hindu templates provide the evidence that Nepal

703-439: The rank of sardar , and Bhimsen began to serve as the ex-King's chief bodyguard. However, Rana Bahadur's renunciation lasted only a few months. After the inevitable death of Kantavati, Rana Bahadur suffered a mental breakdown during which he lashed out by desecrating temples and cruelly punishing the attendant physicians and astrologers. He then renounced his ascetic life and attempted to re-assert his royal authority. This led to

740-545: The regency, she was pressured by Knox to pay the annual pension of 82,000 rupees to the ex-King as per the obligations of the treaty, which paid off the vast debt that Rana Bahadur Shah had accumulated in Varanasi due to his spendthrift habits. The Nepalese court also felt it prudent to keep Rana Bahadur in isolation in Nepal itself, rather than in the British controlled India, and that paying off Rana Bahadur's debts could facilitate his return at an opportune moment. Rajarajeshwari's presence in Kathmandu also stirred unrest among

777-481: The regent. He joined his ailing wife, Kantavati, and his second wife, Subarnaprabha, in ascetic life and started to live in Deopatan, donning saffron robes and titling himself Swami Nirgunanda. This move was also supported by all the courtiers who were discontented with his wanton and capricious behavior. It was around this time that both Bhimsen Thapa and his father Amar Singh Thapa (sanu) were promoted from subedar to

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814-426: The reigning King between 1777 and 1847 that led to establishment of anarchial rule. The government was stated to have been controlled by regents, Mukhtiyars and alliance of political faction with strong fundamental support. In the end of the 18th century, the central politics was regularly dominated by two notable political factions: Thapas and Pandes . As per historians and contemporary writer Francis Hamilton ,

851-524: The reigning government. He took over the administration of Nepal by assuming the position of Mukhtiyar (chief authority). A new government was constituted with favoring officials. Bhimsen Thapa was made a second kaji; Ranajit Pande , who was the father-in-law of Bhimsen's brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Kaji; Sher Bahadur Shah , Rana Bahadur's half-brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Chautariya; while Rangnath Paudel

888-485: The resulting confusion many courtiers were jailed, while some executed, based solely on rumors. Bakhatbar Singh Basnet, brother of assassinated Kirtiman Singh, was then given the post of mul kaji During his tenure as the mul kaji, on 28 October 1801, a Treaty of Commerce and Alliance was finally signed between Nepal and East India Company that led to the establishment of the first British Resident , Captain William O. Knox, who

925-449: The state until its replacement by British conventional prime minister in 1843 conferred upon then ruling Mukhtiyar Mathabar Singh Thapa . The policies of the old Bharadari governments were derived from ancient Hindu texts as Dharmashastra and Manusmriti . The King was considered as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu and was the chief authority over legislative, judiciary and executive functions. The judiciary functions were decided on

962-556: Was King of Nepal , he succeeded to the throne after the death of his father, King Pratap Singh Shah . He ruled under the regencies of his mother, Queen Rajendra Rajya Lakshmi Devi (died, 13 July 1785 from tuberculosis), and then of his uncle, Bahadur Shah. During this time, the kingdom was expanded by conquest to include the Garhwal and Kumaon regions, now part of India . He imprisoned his uncle, Bahadur Shah, who died in jail. The premature death of Pratap Singh Shah (reigned 1775–77),

999-419: Was administered as a Hindu state. Current cabinet : Fourth Oli cabinet Date of formation : 15 July 2024 ]] United Nations , UNDP Nepal , SAARC , ESCAP , FAO , ICAO , IDA, IFAD , IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol , UNCTAD , UNESCO , WHO , WTO , BIMSTEC. Rana Bahadur Shah Rana Bahadur Shah, King of Nepal ( Nepali : श्री ५ महाराजाधिराज रण बहादुर शाह देव ; 25 May 1775 – 26 April 1806)

1036-418: Was born and was immediately declared the crown prince. However, within a year of Girvan's birth, Kantavati contracted tuberculosis; it was advised by physicians that she perform ascetic penances to cure herself. To make sure that Girvan succeeded to the throne while Kantavati was still alive, Rana Bahadur, aged just 23, abdicated in favor of their son on 23 March 1799, placing his first wife, Raj Rajeshwari , as

1073-564: Was consumed by rivalry centered on alignments with these two regents rather than on issues of national administration, and it set a bad precedent for future competition among contending regents. The exigencies of the Sino-Nepalese War in 1788–92 had forced Bahadur Shah to temporarily take a pro-British stance, which led to a commercial treaty with the British in 1792. Meanwhile, Rana Bahadur's youth had been spent in pampered luxury. In 1794 King Rana Bahadur Shah came of age, and his first act

1110-513: Was forced to flee to the British-controlled city of Varanasi in May, 1800. As Rana Bahadur Shah's best friend and advisor, Bhimsen Thapa also accompanied him to Varanasi. Rana Bahadur's retinue included his first wife, Rajarajeshvari, while his second wife, Subarnaprabha, stayed back in Kathmandu to serve as regent. Since Rana Bahadur was willing to do anything to regain his power and punish those who had forced him into exile, he served as

1147-450: Was living a retired life, and who wanted to seek refuge in China on the pretext of meeting the new emperor, had deteriorated to the extent that he ordered his imprisonment (on 19 February 1797) and his subsequent murder (on 23 June 1797). Such acts earned Rana Bahadur notoriety both among courtiers and common people, especially among Brahmins. That same year in 1797, Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah

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1184-590: Was made the Raj Guru (royal spiritual preceptor). Later in April 1806, tensions arose between Chief Chautariya Sher Bahadur Shah and Mukhtiyar Rana Bahadur Shah on the night of 25 April 1806 during a meeting at Tribhuvan Khawas's house where around 10 pm, Sher Bahadur in desperation drew a sword and killed Rana Bahadur Shah before being cut down by nearby courtiers, Bam Shah and Bal Narsingh Kunwar , also allies of Bhimsen. The assassination of Rana Bahadur Shah triggered

1221-505: Was reluctantly welcomed by the courtiers in Kathmandu on 16 April 1802. The primary objective of Knox's mission was to bring the trade treaty of 1792 into full effect and to establish a "controlling influence" in Nepali politics. Almost eight months after the establishment of the Residency, Rajarajeshwari finally managed to assume the regency on 17 December 1802. After Rajarajeshwari took over

1258-428: Was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters of Raj Rajeshwari Devi and his brother Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat , was then given the post of Chief ( Mul ) Kaji. Later Damodar Pande was appointed by Queen Rajrajeshwari as Chief Kaji. When the exiled abdicated King Rana Bahadur Shah prepared his return in 1804, he arrested many government officials including then Chief Kaji Damodar Pande and sacked

1295-533: Was set in motion with the aim of splitting the unity of courtiers in the Kathmandu Durbar and fomenting anti-British feelings. A flurry of letters were exchanged between the ex-king and individual courtiers, through which he tried to set them up against Damodar Pande and tried to woo them with promises of lifelong high government positions that could be inherited by their progeny. Meanwhile, Rajarajeshwari, fed up with her debauched husband, left Varanasi, entered

1332-427: Was the most influential Kaji. Kirtiman had succeeded Abhiman Singh Basnyat as Chief Kaji while Prince Bahadur Shah was succeeded as Chief ( Mul ) Chautariya by Prince Ranodyot Shah, then heir apparent of King Rana Bahadur Shah by a Chhetri Queen Subarna Prabha Devi . Kajis had held the administrative and executive powers of nation after the fall of Chief Chautariya Prince Bahadur Shah in 1794. Later, Kirtiman Singh

1369-464: Was to reconstitute the government so that his uncle, Bahadur Shah, had no official part to play. In mid 1795, he became infatuated with a Maithili Brahman widow, Kantavati Jha, and married her on the oath of making their illegitimate half-caste son (as per the Hindu law of that time) the heir apparent, by excluding the legitimate heir from his previous marriage. By 1797, his relationship with his uncle, who

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