82-741: Opposition (36) Crossbench (5) The Parliament of Queensland is the legislature of the Australian State of Queensland . As provided under the Constitution of Queensland , the Parliament consists of the King , represented by the governor , and the Legislative Assembly . It has been the only unicameral state legislature in the country since the upper chamber, the Legislative Council ,
164-534: A governor in each of the Australian states, who themselves appoint executive bodies, as well as people to fill casual Senate vacancies , if the relevant state parliament is not in session. The state governors continue to serve as the direct representatives of the monarch, in no way subordinate to the governor-general, and they carry out on his behalf all of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties in respect of their respective state. The Northern Territory and
246-476: A sovereign and under established principles of international law , the monarch of Australia is not subject to suit in foreign courts without his express consent. The prerogative of mercy lies with the monarch, and is exercised in the state jurisdictions by the governors. In accordance with the Australia Act 1986 , the sovereign has the power to appoint, on advice tendered by the relevant state premier ,
328-546: A bill that has passed the Legislative Assembly, unless otherwise advised by the executive council . The party or coalition with the most seats in the house is invited by the governor to form a government . The leader of that party subsequently becomes the premier of Queensland , leading a Cabinet of ministers. In the Liberal National Party , the premier selects members of their party to act as ministers. In
410-420: A combination of written and unwritten rules, comprising the sovereign, governors , and governor-general . The Constitution does not mention the term head of state . According to the Parliament of Australia website, Australia's head of state is the monarch and its head of government is the prime minister, with powers limited by both law and convention for government to be carried on democratically. However,
492-470: A constitutional — rather than a statutory — perspective, the fundamental criterion of membership [of the Australian body-politic] is allegiance to the Queen of Australia". However, the precise relationship and relative importance of constitutional and statutory definitions of "the people" is the subject of evolving interpretations of the court. Key features of Australia's system of government include its basis on
574-473: A distinct office and in that capacity, they act exclusively upon the advice of Australian state and federal ministers. Australia is one of the Commonwealth realms , 15 independent countries that share the same person as monarch and head of state . The monarch of Australia is the same person as the monarch of the 14 other Commonwealth realms within the 56-member Commonwealth of Nations . However, each realm
656-605: A distinction may be relevant if either Australia or an individual state wished to become a republic , as with separate crowns, a federal republic would not necessarily abolish the Crown at a state level. The formal title of the current monarch is King Charles the Third, by the Grace of God King of Australia and His other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth . Prior to 1953,
738-406: A particular ministry, which traditionally included a promise of allegiance to the monarch. However, the wording of this oath or affirmation is not written into law and beginning with swearing in of Paul Keating , all Labor prime ministers have dropped the reference to the sovereign. The oath of citizenship similarly contained a statement of allegiance to the reigning monarch until 1994, when
820-514: A pledge of allegiance to Australia and its values was introduced. However, the importance of allegiance to the monarch has been stressed by several justices in the context of determining whether a person is an "alien" for the purposes of section 51 the Constitution . For example, Justice Callinan held in Re Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs; Ex parte Te (2002) that "judged from
902-853: A question to a Minister. Starting in 2002, the Queensland Parliament has held regional sittings of parliament across the state. Originally being held every three years, the occurrence has become more sporadic, and, in 2023, the regional sitting took place in Cairns . It was the first sitting since the COVID-19 pandemic , and the second in twelve years. As of 13 September 2024, the composition of Parliament is: Senate House of Rep. Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Council Assembly Assembly Assembly Opposition (Queensland) The Opposition in
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#1732845193321984-429: A symbol of the legal authority under which all governments and agencies operate. Still, the royal prerogative belongs to the Crown, not to any of the ministers, and the governor-general may unilaterally use these powers in exceptional situations , such as when, during the constitutional crisis in 1975 , Sir John Kerr dismissed prime minister Gough Whitlam , on the occasion of a stalemate over government funding between
1066-471: Is a key component of Australia's form of government , by which a hereditary monarch serves as the country's sovereign and head of state . It is a constitutional monarchy , modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy , while incorporating features unique to the constitution of Australia . The present monarch is King Charles III , who has reigned since 8 September 2022. The monarch
1148-464: Is advised by the ministers of that state, tendered via the premier. Courts and academics have proposed several dates on which the Crown of Australia separated from the Crown of the United Kingdom. These include 1926, when at an Imperial Conference it was announced that governors-general would no longer represent the government of the United Kingdom or 1930, when at another Imperial Conference it
1230-411: Is also crowned at a coronation ceremony in the United Kingdom; though, this is not necessary for a sovereign to reign, being primarliy a symbolic event. For example, Edward VIII was never crowned, yet was undoubtedly king during his short time on the throne. After an individual ascends the throne, he or she typically continues to reign until death. The monarch legally cannot unilaterally abdicate ;
1312-423: Is both legal and practical. The sovereign of Australia is represented in the federal sphere by the governor-general—appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister of Australia —and in each state by a governor —appointed by the monarch upon the advice of the relevant state premier. One of the main duties of the governor-general is to appoint the prime minister. This is, in accordance with convention ,
1394-484: Is dragged to the chair and presented to the Governor at Government House . The symbol of the authority of the Parliament and its Speaker is the ceremonial mace . The sergeant-at-arms carries the mace into the chamber of parliament when the speaker enters at the start of each sitting day and removes it again when the speaker leaves at the end of the sitting day. During the sitting day, the mace rests on two raised brackets on
1476-700: Is flown when the King is visiting Australia from all buildings, cars, boats or aircraft that he occupies. The flag features the six quarters of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, surrounded by an ermine border which represents the Commonwealth of Australia. As in other Commonwealth realms, the King's Official Birthday is a public holiday and, in Australia, is observed on the second Monday in June in all states and territories , except Queensland and Western Australia. In Queensland, it
1558-468: Is independent of the others, the monarchy in each being distinct from the rest. Effective with the Australia Act 1986 , no foreign government can advise the monarch on any matters pertinent to Australia; on all matters of the Australian Commonwealth, the monarch is advised solely by Australian federal ministers of state . Likewise, on all matters relating to any Australian state, the monarch
1640-508: Is represented at the federal level by the governor-general (currently Samantha Mostyn ), in accordance with the Australian constitution and letters patent from his mother and predecessor, Queen Elizabeth II . Similarly, in each of the Australian states the monarch is represented by a governor (assisted by a lieutenant-governor), according to the Australia Act and respective letters-patent and state constitutions. The monarch appoints
1722-544: Is represented by the Mace of the House (which also represents the authority of the house itself and its Speaker ). However, neither the sovereign nor the governor-general participate in the legislative process save for the granting of royal assent . Further, the constitution outlines that the governor-general alone is responsible for summoning, proroguing , and dissolving the federal parliament. All laws in Australia, except those in
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#17328451933211804-494: The 2015 election , four additional seats were added to the Legislative Assembly (to a total of 93), the voting system changed from optional preferential voting to full-preferential voting , and unfixed three-year terms were replaced with fixed four-year terms. The Parliament was founded 22 May 1860, less than a year after the Colony of Queensland was created in June 1859. It was convened at military and convict barracks converted for
1886-668: The Anzac Day ceremonies at Gallipoli , or when Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles, and Princess Anne participated in Australian ceremonies for the anniversary of D-Day in France in 2004. Members of the royal family will sometimes make private donations to Australian charities or causes, such as when Elizabeth II made a private donation to the Australian Red Cross Appeal after the Blue Mountains bushfires in 2009. Section 68 of
1968-563: The Australia Acts severed the last possibilities of UK institutions changing Australian laws). However, members of the High Court have indicated that the separation of the Crowns was complete by at least 1948, as seen by the creation of Australian citizenship laws . It is unclear however whether for each state there is also a distinct Crown, separate from the Crown of Australia. In other words,
2050-559: The Australian Capital Territory (ACT), are enacted only with the granting of royal assent, done by the governor-general, relevant state governor, or administrator in the case of the Northern Territory (NT). This is done in the federal context by the governor-general signing two copies of the bill. If the law is one in which takes effect on proclamation , the governor-general will also make this proclamation to which
2132-472: The Australian Capital Territory resemble states in many respects, but are administered directly by the Commonwealth of Australia; an administrator , appointed by the governor-general upon the advice of the Commonwealth government, takes the place of a state governor in the Northern Territory. The Australian Capital Territory has no equivalent position. Official duties involve the sovereign representing
2214-630: The Australian Constitution says: "The command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the governor-general as the Queen's [monarch's] representative." In practice, however, the governor-general does not play any part in the Australian Defence Force's command structure other than following the advice of the Minister for Defence in the normal form of executive government. Australian naval vessels bear
2296-652: The Australian state of Queensland comprises the largest party or coalition of parties not in Government . The Opposition's purpose is to hold the Government to account and constitute a "Government-in-waiting" should the existing Government fall. To that end, a Leader of the Opposition and Shadow Ministers for the various government departments question the Premier and Ministers on Government policy and administration, and formulate
2378-567: The Great Seal of Australia is then affixed in authentication of the corresponding letters patent . Laws passed by the ACT and NT legislatures, unlike their state counterparts, are subject to the oversight of the government of Australia and can be disallowed by the Australian Parliament. The governor-general may reserve a bill for the King's (or Queen's) pleasure ; that is withhold his consent to
2460-508: The King as well as an oath of office before signing a Roll of Members. This oath or affirmation must be made to the governor or someone authorised by him or her—typically the clerk of the Parliament. Sworn-in representatives are required to elect a Speaker to preside over the House's business. Before this occurs the Clerk may select and point to the next member who may speak. Once elected the Speaker
2542-504: The Labor Party , the ministers are elected by party room ballot, with the leader then assigning ministerial portfolios to each one. Once all winning candidates have been declared, the governor of Queensland proclaims a date for the start of the new Parliament. It is the role of the Clerk of the Parliament to call members to attendance. According to the Constitution of Queensland , members of Parliament must swear an oath or affirmation to
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2624-523: The Liberal National Party of Queensland (LNP) in 2008, National Leader Lawrence Springborg becoming Leader of the LNP and remaining Leader of the Opposition. Since 8 November 2024, the opposition is currently led by Steven Miles of the Queensland Labor Party following the 2024 Queensland state election . Monarch of Australia [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The monarchy of Australia
2706-578: The Statute of Westminster by the time of the abdication of Edward VIII in 1936, the UK Declaration of Abdication Act 1936 applied automatically without the need for Australia's consent. However, the Australian federal Parliament did pass a resolution of assent to the changes as a matter of courtesy. The most recent reforms to the succession occurred following the Perth Agreement in 2011, in which all
2788-488: The advice of the prime minister, appoints the other ministers of state , a subset of which form the Cabinet . In accordance with the principles of responsible government , these ministers are, in turn, accountable to the Parliament and, through it, to the people. The monarch is informed by the governor-general of the acceptance of the resignation of a prime minister and the swearing-in of a new prime minister and other members of
2870-540: The state at home or abroad, or other royal family members participating in a government-organised ceremony either in Australia or elsewhere. The sovereign and their family have participated in events such as various centennials and bicentennials; Australia Day ; the openings of Olympic and other games; award ceremonies; D-Day commemorations; anniversaries of the monarch's accession; and the like. Other royals have participated in Australian ceremonies or undertaken duties abroad, such as Charles III , then Prince Charles, at
2952-440: The Australian monarchy. The main symbol of the monarchy is the sovereign, and their image is used to signify Australian sovereignty. Queen Elizabeth II's portrait, for instance, currently appears on all Australian coins minted during her reign, the five-dollar banknote , and postage stamps such as the Queen's Birthday stamp, issued by Australia Post every year since 1980. All new coins bear King Charles III's portrait, however
3034-517: The Commonwealth realms agreed to changes including the removal of a preference towards male heirs and the repeal of the Royal Marriages Act 1772 (which amongst other things prevented the monarch from marrying a Roman Catholic). As the Australian federal Parliament does not have a head of power over succession, it required a referral legislation from each of the states. The Northern Territory also added its request and concurrence, although this
3116-573: The Faith" had "no historical or constitutional relevance in Australia". A new Royal Titles and Styles Bill that removed these references was passed by the federal Parliament. The governor-general, Sir Paul Hasluck , reserved royal assent for the monarch, as governor-general Sir William McKell had done with the 1953 Royal Titles and Styles Bill to allow Elizabeth to give her assent in person, which she did at Government House in Canberra on 19 October 1973. At
3198-606: The Grace of God) of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, [name of realm], and all of her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth (Defender of the Faith) . The latter composition was adopted, despite some objections from the South African and Canadian governments. The sovereign's title in all her realms thus kept mention of the United Kingdom, but, for the first time, also separately mentioned Australia and
3280-525: The House of Representatives and the Senate. The only role the monarch must perform personally is appoint the governor-general. Additionally, assent for a bill may be reserved for the pleasure of the monarch, allowing them to exercise their judgement on whether to give assent. The monarch has also been personally involved in issuing letters-patent for the creation of Australian honours . Members of various executive agencies and other officials are appointed by
3362-471: The Order. The sovereign is further both mentioned in and the subject of songs and loyal toasts. Australia inherited the royal anthem " God Save the King " (alternatively, "God Save the Queen" in the reign of a female monarch) from the United Kingdom. It was the national anthem of Australia until 1984, and has since been retained as the country's royal anthem, its use generally restricted to official occasions where
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3444-483: The Parliament started broadcasting video of parliamentary proceedings. Nine in-house television cameras are used to record sessions. The first female Speaker , Fiona Simpson was elected on 15 May 2012. The Assembly has 93 members of Parliament (MPs). These are intended to represent approximately the same population in each electorate. Voting is by the full preferential voting system, with elections held approximately once every three years. In April 2016, legislation
3526-657: The Royal Family are ever appointed to these ranks. Additionally, some members of the royal family are Colonels-in-Chief of Australian regiments, including: the Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery ; Royal Australian Army Medical Corps ; the Royal Australian Armoured Corps and the Royal Australian Corps of Signals , amongst many others. Royal symbols are the visual and auditory identifiers of
3608-477: The actions of the Australian Defence Force , and negotiate and ratify treaties, alliances, and international agreements. The governor-general is empowered by the constitution to summon and prorogue parliament and call elections . Use of the royal prerogative does not require parliamentary approval. As such, the monarch's and the governor-general's roles are primarily symbolic and cultural, acting as
3690-490: The bill and present it to the sovereign for their personal decision. Under the constitution, the sovereign also has the power to disallow a bill within one year of the governor-general having granted royal assent. The purpose of this section was originally to allow the UK parliament to supervise the workings of the Commonwealth parliament, as this power would only be exercised by the monarch as advised by their British ministers. However,
3772-773: The case of Elizabeth II) are appointed to the highest ranks in each of the branches of the Defence Force. As of 2024, Charles III holds the Honorary Ranks of Admiral of the fleet of the Royal Australian Navy , Field Marshal of the Australian Army , and Marshal of the Royal Australian Air Force , these appointments where conferred by the Governor-General of Australia, bar two exceptions only members of
3854-424: The centre table with the head of the mace lying pointed towards the government's side. The current mace was designed and made in 1978 and is sterling silver with gold plating and is encrusted with 32 Queensland gemstones. Despite being the symbol of Parliament, it is engraved with the words "Government of Queensland". The ceremonial opening of the new Parliament is marked by a speech by the governor. Traditionally
3936-528: The context of the Glorious Revolution . These laws were received alongside all other British laws to Australia when Australia was settled. Considering the colonial status of the individual colonies and later the federated Australia, it was accepted at the time that these laws could only be changed by the UK Parliament. Later, Australia and the other dominions gained greater legislative independence with
4018-560: The current monarch ( primogeniture ), with the restriction that an heir must be in communion with the Church of England and not a Roman Catholic to ascend the throne. These rules have evolved over centuries. The British statutes, the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Act of Settlement 1701 first limited succession to legitimate descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanover and imposed religious requirements in
4100-400: The governor-general is head of state. This view has some support within the group Australians for Constitutional Monarchy . Australia has a written constitution based on the Westminster model of government, implementing a federal system and a distinct separation of powers . It gives Australia a parliamentary system of government , wherein the role of the sovereign and governor-general
4182-466: The governor-general on behalf of the Federal Executive Council , which meets at Government House after the accession. Parallel proclamations are made by the governors in each state. Regardless of any proclamations, the late sovereign's heir immediately and automatically succeeds, without any need for confirmation or further ceremony. Following an appropriate period of mourning , the monarch
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#17328451933214264-417: The governor-general on the advice of the prime minister and the state governors on the advice of the respective premiers . These are the only mandatory constitutional functions of the monarch of Australia. Australian constitutional law provides that the person who is monarch of the United Kingdom will also be the monarch of Australia. Since the 1940s at the latest, the Australian monarchy has been
4346-444: The governor-general's website states that the office holder is in practice Australia's head of state. A leading textbook on Australian constitutional law formulates the position thus: "The Queen, as represented in Australia by the governor-general, is Australia's head of state." Additionally, Queensland and South Australia describe the monarch as the head of state for their particular state. New South Wales and Western Australia on
4428-505: The governor-general, including High Court judges . Ministers and parliamentary secretaries are also appointed to the Federal Executive Council . Royal commissions , a powerful type of public inquiry , are also commissioned by the Crown through a royal warrant . Parliament consists of the sovereign, the Senate and the House of Representatives . Their authority in the House of Representatives
4510-446: The individual most likely to maintain the support of the House of Representatives ; usually the leader of the political party with a majority in that house; but, also when no party or coalition holds a majority (referred to as a minority government situation) or other scenarios in which the governor‑general's judgement about the most suitable candidate for prime minister has to be brought into play. The governor-general also, on
4592-417: The ministry and the monarch holds audience with Australian ministers where possible. The prime minister and Cabinet advises the governor-general on how to execute his or her executive powers over all aspects of government operations and foreign affairs. This means ministers direct the use of the royal prerogative that resides in the monarch, which includes the privilege to declare war, maintain peace, direct
4674-508: The monarch may also be king of Victoria, etc. for each of the states. Prior to the passage of the Australia Act , the monarch acted as sovereign of the United Kingdom at the state level. With that Act's passage, either independent Crowns emerged for each of the states or the Crown of Australia transformed into a federal Crown in which the monarch receives advice from both state and commonwealth ministers in exercising their respective powers. Such
4756-508: The monarch or a member of the royal family is present. His Majesty The King's Flag for Australia , approved on 30 August 2024 by Charles III, signifies his presence and is displayed when Charles is in Australia. The flag was first used during the 2024 royal visit. The flag is used in the same way as the Royal Standard in the United Kingdom. Where practical, when it is flown on or outside a building, no other flag should be flown with it and
4838-648: The monarch's title. The Queensland parliament passed legislation seeking an advisory opinion from the Privy Council as to whether they had the legislative power to do, however this legislation was declared unconstitutional by the High Court. In seeking this title, the Queensland government's motivation was to dissuade the British from accepting the Whitlam's government advice that all of the British government's then authority over
4920-400: The new five-dollar banknote is expected to depict Indigenous Australian culture and history instead of the new monarch. A crown is depicted on the Queensland and Victorian state badges (which are included on the Australian coat of arms , ) and on various medals and awards . For example, the crown's presence on the insignia of the Order of Australia represents the monarch's role as Head of
5002-415: The only Australian monarch to do so, Edward VIII, did so following the passage of British legislation. While the UK has passed regency acts from 1936 onwards to prepare for a situation when the monarch is incapacitated, the dominions did not agree for these acts to be extended into domestic law as it was felt that governors-general could exercise all the powers a regent would need to exercise. Members of
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#17328451933215084-501: The other Commonwealth realms. The passage of the Royal Style and Titles Act 1953 by the Parliament of Australia put these recommendations into law. In 1973 the Whitlam government replaced the 1953 royal styles Act, with Whitlam arguing that the inclusion and position of Elizabeth's title in the UK made the title not "sufficiently distinctively Australian" and that the phrase "Defender of
5166-412: The other hand describe their governors as their respective heads of state, whilst Tasmania and Victoria state that the governor "exercises the constitutional power" of the head of state. While current official sources use the description head of state for the monarch, in the lead up to the referendum on Australia becoming a republic in 1999, Sir David Smith proposed an alternative explanation that
5248-438: The passage of the Statute of Westminster 1931 ( adopted by Australia in 1939 ). While this allowed the dominions to pass laws that conflicted with UK laws, to ensure that succession laws remained consistent, the preamble noted that it would be in keeping with each Commonwealth realm's constitutional practice that any succession changes would require the consent of the parliaments of each realm. As Australia had not yet adopted
5330-463: The peace. This is in reciprocation to the sovereign's coronation oath, taken most recently by Charles III who promised "to govern the Peoples of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [and] your other Realms ... according to their respective laws and customs". The prime minister, ministers and parliamentary secretaries also make an oath or affirmation of office on their appointment to
5412-471: The policy the Opposition would pursue in Government. It is sometimes styled " His Majesty's Loyal Opposition " to demonstrate that although it opposes the Government, it remains loyal to the King. At times, the Opposition consisted of more than one party, notably when the Coalition parties (the state Nationals and Liberals ) were in Opposition. Those state parties entered Opposition in 1998 and merged to form
5494-455: The power was never actually used and it is very unlikely that it will be used in the future. Traditionally, the monarch is known as the fount of justice . However, he does not personally rule in judicial cases, meaning that judicial functions are normally performed only in the monarch's name. In most jurisdictions, criminal offences are legally deemed to be offences against the sovereign and proceedings for indictable offences are brought in
5576-439: The prefix His Majesty's Australian Ship (HMAS) and many organisational groupings of the defence force (such as the Royal Australian Infantry Corps , Royal Australian Air Force and the Royal Australian Engineers ) carry the "royal" prefix. Members of the royal family have presided over military ceremonies, including Trooping the Colour ceremonies, inspections of the troops, and anniversaries of key battles. When Elizabeth II
5658-417: The purpose located on Queen Street, Brisbane . Immigration was an important issue for the early Parliament. Population growth was encouraged with new settlers enticed by land ownership . In 1915, Queensland became the first state to make voting compulsory at state elections. Since 1 April 2003, live audio broadcasts have streamed through the internet from the Parliament while it is in session. In June 2007,
5740-410: The royal family only draw from Australian funds for support in the performance of their duties while visiting Australia at the request of the government; Australians do not pay any money to the King or any other member of the royal family, either towards personal income or to support royal residences outside of Australia. However, the Australian Government does pay a salary to the governor-general and for
5822-429: The sovereign's name in the form of The King [or Queen] against [Name] (typically shortened to R v [Name] standing for Rex for King or Regina for Queen). However, offences in Western Australia and Tasmania are brought in the name of the particular state. Civil lawsuits against the Crown in its public capacity (that is, lawsuits against the government) are permitted due to statute. In international cases, as
5904-458: The speech is written by the new government and it may outline current activities, budget details, statistics and proposed lists of legislation which are intended to be introduced. A day in Parliament usually begins with housekeeping matters, including prayers, notifications and the tabling of any documents. An opportunity is then given to Ministers to make statements. During a period of no more than an hour, known as question time, any member may pose
5986-441: The state level, Western Australia and South Australia have independently legislated the monarch's title to be the same as the Commonwealth title. There is limited reference to the monarch's title in the other states, however parliamentarians have used expressions include "Queen of [state]" and "Queen in right of [state]" during parliamentary debates. In 1973, Queensland sought to pass legislation to include Queensland specifically in
6068-429: The states should be transferred to the federal government. The dismissal of the Whitlam government in 1975 removed the impetus for the title change and no further steps were taken in the matter. Royal succession is determined by a mix of common law, British law that continues to apply in Australia, and more recent Australian federal and state statutes. These entail that succession follows the eldest non-adopted child of
6150-533: The title of the Australian monarch had simply been the same as that in the United Kingdom . A change in the title resulted from occasional discussion among Commonwealth prime ministers and an eventual meeting in London in December 1952, at which Australia's officials stated their preference for a format for Queen Elizabeth II 's title that would name all the realms. However, they stated they would also accept Elizabeth II (by
6232-645: The upkeep of the official vice-regal residences in the country. In 2018, a day-long visit to Vanuatu by Charles (then the Prince of Wales), escorted by Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs , Julie Bishop , in between a tour of Queensland and the Northern Territory, was paid for by the Australian government. The governor-general has two official residences: Government House in Canberra (commonly known as Yarralumla ) and Admiralty House in Sydney . When HMY Britannia
6314-587: Was abolished in 1922. The Legislative Assembly sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Brisbane . The Queensland Parliament retains plenary legislative power over Queensland, however Commonwealth laws apply to the extent of any inconsistency. Some laws from the colonial era passed by the New South Wales parliament and the Imperial Parliament also remain in force. Following the outcome of
6396-488: Was clarified that the monarch would be advised directly by dominion ministers. Anne Twomey argues for this later date at the latest. Others have suggested the Crowns separated once Australia became fully independent, with dates suggested including 1931 (when the UK Statute of Westminster was passed), 1939 or 1942 (due to Statute of Westminster Adoption Act , passed in 1942 with retrospective effect to 1939) or 1986 (when
6478-523: Was in Australian waters and in use by the monarch of Australia, it was not available to British officials for meetings or promotions. The monarch is the locus of many oaths of allegiance . Various employees of the Crown are required by law to recite this oath before taking their posts, such as all members of the Commonwealth Parliament and of the state and territory parliaments, as well as most magistrates, judges, police officers, and justices of
6560-679: Was in Canberra, she laid wreaths at the Australian War Memorial . In 2003, Elizabeth acted in her capacity as Australian monarch when she dedicated the Australian War Memorial in Hyde Park , London. In 2024, Charles III as part of his tour of Sydney and Canberra, laid wreaths at the Australian War Memorial, as well as presiding over a Royal Fleet Review of the Royal Australian Navy, in Sydney. Monarchs of Australia (or their spouse in
6642-406: Was not constitutionally required. The federal legislation finally become law on 24 March 2015 and as Australia was the last realm to the make the required changes, the act took effect on 26 March 2015 ( BST ), parallel to other realms' laws. Upon a demise of the Crown (the death or abdication of a sovereign), it is customary for the accession of the new monarch to be publicly proclaimed by
6724-462: Was passed to increase the number of seats in the parliament by four to a total of 93. An amendment was also passed to abolish optional preferential voting. A referendum held the previous month was passed, supporting a bill to establish fixed four-year terms. The role of the monarch in Parliament is to give royal assent to legislation. This function is in practice exercised by the governor of Queensland , who conventionally will never refuse assent to
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