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31-465: The idea of creating a national park in the Polish part of Polesie first appeared in 1959. Over the following years a few preserves were organized here, and in 1982 the government announced the creation of Poleski Park Krajobrazowy ( Polesie Landscape Park ). Currently, even though Polesie's infrastructure is quite well developed, it is rarely visited by tourists. The national park and neighbouring areas form

62-596: A smaller one in Opole Lubelskie . Lublin and Zamość also hosted Armenian minorities. The industry of the region was greatly expanded as part of the Central Industrial Region of Poland. The region was, before World War II, one of the world's leading centres of Judaism . Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area, concentrated in Lublin , Kazimierz Dolny , and perhaps Chełm ; but

93-925: A surge of tourism by Jews seeking to view their families' historical roots. Polish people were also victims of German persecution and crimes , including the AB-Aktion , Aktion T4 and Operation Zamość with deportations to Nazi concentration camps , forced labour, kidnapping of children and massacres in the region. It witnessed the Polish Zamość uprising against German occupation. There were also German prisoner-of-war camps for Polish, French , Italian, Dutch, Belgian, Senegalese and Soviet prisoners of war in Chełm , Dęblin , Biała Podlaska , Zamość , Kaliłów with several forced labour subcamps, where many died from starvation, epidemics or were massacred. Lublin Voivodeship

124-491: Is a voivodeship ( province ) of Poland , located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin . The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin , and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland , the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities / Red Ruthenia , and

155-697: Is flat, with numerous lakes and peat-bogs. Of the plant species, the greater part is made up of boreal plants, typical of other parts of northern Europe, but there is also some Atlantic flora, as it lies on the border of these important plant regions. The region which is particularly rich with flora is the Bagno Bubnów. Animal life is abundant, including 21 species of fish, 12 species of amphibians, 6 species of reptiles and up to 150 species of birds (including several endangered eagles). Out of 35 species of mammals, one can point out otters , elks , beavers and bats . The ecosystems of swamps and peat-bogs, which dominate

186-721: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland . There are local types of pierogi , cakes , pastries (incl. pączki and poppy seed rolls ) and racuchy . Local specialities include the meringue of Ostrów Lubelski , cake puffs of Lublin, and chocolate pralines of Lublin. Traditional beverages include nalewki from Janów Lubelski , Kraśnik , Opole Lubelskie and Gmina Końskowola , mead , raspberry vodka from Kraśnik and cider from Mikołajówka . Traditional non-alcoholic drinks include various types of juices, tea, syrups , and hot chocolate from Lublin. Football , motorcycle speedway , basketball and handball are

217-926: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (see Union of Lublin ), and was the seat of the Crown Tribunal for the Lesser Poland Province , the highest appeal court in the Kingdom of Poland, and Parczew also hosted one session of the Polish Parliament. Horodło was the place of signing of the Polish–Lithuanian Union of Horodło , predating the Union of Lublin. In the 17th century, there were sizeable Scottish communities in Lublin and Zamość, and also

248-888: The EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 54% of the EU average. Lublin Voivodship is the province with the lowest GDP per capita in Poland. The Lublin Coal Basin is located in the voivodeship, centered at the Bogdanka Coal Mine in Bogdanka near Łęczna . The Lublin Airport is the region's sole airport. The S12 , S17 and S19 highways pass through the voivodeship. There are seven Historic Monuments of Poland and one World Heritage Site in

279-519: The Lublin work camps Lipowa 7 camp , Flugplatz , and Sportplatz ) which produced military supplies for the Wehrmacht and Luftwaffe . This was once one of the biggest forced labour centres in German-occupied Europe , with approximately 45,000 Jewish prisoners. After the war, the few surviving Jews largely left the area; today there is some restoration of areas of Jewish historical interest, and

310-844: The Nobel prize winner Isaac Bashevis Singer , was not born in Biłgoraj but lived part of his life in the city. The "Old Town" of the city of Lublin contained a famous yeshiva , Jewish hospital, synagogue, cemetery, and kahal, as well as the Grodzka Gate (known as the Jewish Gate). Before the war, there were 300,000 Jews living in the region, which became the site of the Majdanek concentration camp , Bełżec extermination camp and Sobibór extermination camp as well as several labour camps ( Trawniki , Poniatowa , Budzyn , Puławy , Zamość , Biała Podlaska , and

341-883: The Old Town Market Square. There are several museums, including the National Museum in Lublin, the Polish Air Force Museum in Dęblin , and museums dedicated to popular Polish writers in the towns of their birth or their former homes, i.e. to Józef Ignacy Kraszewski in Romanów , to Henryk Sienkiewicz in Wola Okrzejska , to Bolesław Prus and Stefan Żeromski in Nałęczów and to Wincenty Pol in Lublin. The Majdanek State Museum and Sobibór Museum are museums located at

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372-470: The RSHA camps of Generalplan Ost . By mid-October however, the idea of a "Jewish reservation" was revived. Resettlement actions connected to this plan continued until January 1941 under Globocnik , and included both Jews and Poles. Some 51 camps were created, but further plans of deporting up to 600,000 additional Jews to the Lublin reservation failed because of logistical factors. Notably, in less than two years

403-574: The West Polesie biosphere reserve , designated by UNESCO in 2002. The Shatsky National Natural Park is adjacent on the Ukrainian side of the border. The Park is also protected under the Ramsar convention as an important wetland site. After the invasion of Poland , Nazi Germany planned to set up a "Jewish reservation" in the area of today's Polesie National Park known for its swampy nature. Adolf Eichmann

434-454: The best preserved historic synagogues in Poland, and one of the few not destroyed by Nazi Germany, houses a museum. In addition to traditional nationwide Polish cuisine , Lublin Voivodeship is known for its variety of regional and local traditional foods and drinks, which include especially various honeys , meat products (incl. various types of kiełbasa , bacon and kaszanka ), beverages and various dishes and meals, officially protected by

465-613: The buffer zone of Polesie National Park , which was previously a part of it. 51°26′58″N 23°13′48″E  /  51.4494°N 23.2299°E  / 51.4494; 23.2299 This Lublin Voivodeship location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Polish protected area -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lublin Voivodeship Lublin Voivodeship ( Polish : województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] )

496-463: The following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population). Protected areas in Lublin Voivodeship include two National Parks and 17 Landscape Parks . These are listed below. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 18.5 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.7% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 14,400 euros or 48% of

527-465: The founding of new private towns led to a large movement of Jews into the region to develop trade and services. Since these new towns competed with the existing towns for business, there followed a low-intensity, long-lasting feeling of resentment, with failed attempts to limit the Jewish immigration. The Jews tended to settle mostly in the cities and towns, with only individual families setting up businesses in

558-534: The most popular sports in the province. Additionally, AZS UMCS Lublin is one of the top athletics clubs in the country. Population according to 2002 census: Lublin Voivodeship ( Latin : Palatinatus Lublinensis ; Polish : Województwo Lubelskie ) was an administrative region of the Kingdom of Poland created in 1474 out of parts of Sandomierz Voivodeship and lasting until the Partitions of Poland in 1795. It

589-581: The northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie . Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus ( Brest Region ) and Ukraine ( Lviv and Volyn Regions ) to the east. The region's population as of 2019 was 2,112,216. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi). The Polish historical region that encompasses Lublin , and approximates Lublin Voivodeship as it

620-547: The park's landscape, are considered very delicate and can easily be influenced by several outside factors. Some unfortunate changes were made by draining swamps, which took place mainly during World War II, when the area became the focus of the Nazi German " Lublin und Nisko Plan " . However, the most important threat to the life of the park is its proximity to the Lublin Coal Basin, which is located less than 2 kilometers from

651-757: The park's protective zone. The park includes an endangered Important Bird Area "Bubnow Marsh" of Poland. In the village of Załucze Stare there is a cultural center with a museum. There is also a small scientific exhibition, connected with an asylum for disabled animals. Polesie Landscape Park Polesie Landscape Park ( Poleski Park Krajobrazowy ) is a protected area ( Landscape Park ) in eastern Poland , established in 1983, covering an area of 51.13 square kilometres (19.74 sq mi). The Park lies within Lublin Voivodeship , in Włodawa County ( Gmina Stary Brus , Gmina Urszulin ). It forms part of

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682-635: The regional Lublin Renaissance style, and there is a dedicated Lublin Renaissance Trail. Nałęczów and Krasnobród are spa towns . Krasnystaw is famous for its annual Chmielaki beer festival. Chełm contains the Chełm Chalk Tunnels , a system of tunnels dug into the chalk under the city, a unique structure in Europe, whereas Lublin offers an underground tourist route in historic cellars under

713-693: The rural regions; this urban/rural division became another factor feeding resentment of the newly arrived economic competitors. By the middle of the 18th century, Jews were a significant part of the population in Kraśnik , Lubartów and Łęczna . By the 20th century, Jews represented greater than 70% of the population in eleven towns and close to 100% of the population of Łaszczów and Izbica . From this region came both religious figures such as Mordechai Josef Leiner of Izbica, Chaim Israel Morgenstern of Puławy , and Motele Rokeach of Biłgoraj , as well as famous secular author Israel Joshua Singer . Israel's brother,

744-479: The sites of the former Nazi German concentration camps at Majdanek and Sobibór . There are also numerous World War II memorials scattered across the voivodeship, including Holocaust memorials and memorials at the sites of German massacres of Poles, including the largest massacres in Rury , Lublin , Borów , Aleksandrów , Sochy , Smoligów , Jamy , Kumowa Dolina and Olszanka . The Great Synagogue of Włodawa , one of

775-571: The voivodeship: There are also many more castles and palaces in the region, including in Adampol , Biała Podlaska , Janowiec , Kock , Lubartów , Łabunie , Łabuńki Pierwsze , Radzyń Podlaski . The Chapel of the Holy Trinity at the Lublin Royal Castle contains some of the oldest and best preserved medieval frescoes in Poland. The region is rich in architecture, especially churches, built in

806-535: The whole district would lend itself to the industrialized murder of hundreds of thousands of Jews during Operation Reinhard . The park lies on the Łęczna - Włodawa Lakeland ( Pojezierze Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie ). In the south it borders the Lublin Upland , in the north the region of Podlaskie , and in the west Masovia . Parts of its forests can be considered as tundra-like, which is unique in continental Europe and characteristic of Russian Siberia . The park's terrain

837-485: Was 2,116,200. According to the 1931 census, 85.1% of its population was Polish, 10.5% Jewish, and 3% Ukrainian. Lublin Voivodeship ( województwo lubelskie ) was an administrative region of Poland between 1945 and 1975. In 1975 it was transformed into Chełm , Zamość , Biała Podlaska , Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships and a smaller Lublin Voivodeship. Lublin Voivodeship ( województwo lubelskie ) existed as one of Poland's 49 voivodeships from 1975 until 1998, when it

868-692: Was assigned the task of removing all Jews from Germany, Austria, and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia to this reservation. The first short-term plan to be implemented was to concentrate the Jews around Nisko. Deportations began in October 1939. The " Nisko Plan " initially intended to remove 80,000 Jews from the so-called Greater German Reich, was scrapped in April 1940. By that time 95,000 Jews chiefly from Poland were already deported to this area. They were pressed to work in

899-468: Was before the Partitions of Poland , is known as Lubelszczyzna . Provinces centred on Lublin have existed throughout much of Poland's history; for details see the section below on Previous Lublin Voivodeships . Cities and towns of greatest historic importance are Lublin, Chełm , Kazimierz Dolny and Zamość . Lublin hosted several sessions of the Polish Parliament, including the session which established

930-549: Was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin , Chełm , Zamość , Biała Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships, pursuant to Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The voivodeship contains 5 cities and 43 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019: Towns: Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties ( powiats ): 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas . The counties are listed in

961-553: Was part of the prowincja of Lesser Poland . Lublin Voivodeship was one of the voivodeships of Congress Poland . It was formed in 1816 from Lublin Department , and in 1837 was transformed into Lublin Governorate . Lublin Voivodeship ( Województwo Lubelskie ) was one of the administrative regions of the interwar Second Polish Republic . In early 1939 its area was 26,555 square kilometres (10,253 sq mi) and its population

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