Olympian spirits (or Olympic spirits , Olympick spirits ) refers to seven spirits mentioned in several Renaissance and post-Renaissance books of ritual magic / ceremonial magic , such as the Arbatel de magia veterum , The Secret Grimoire of Turiel and The Complete Book of Magic Science . The Arbatel of Magick says of the Olympian spirits: "They are called Olympick spirits, which do inhabit in the firmament, and in the stars of the firmament: and the office of these spirits is to declare Destinies, and to administer fatal Charms, so far forth as God pleaseth to permit them."
30-478: In this magic system, the universe is divided into 196 provinces (a number which in numerology adds up to 7: 1+9+6=16; 1+6=7) with each of the seven Olympian spirits ruling a set number of provinces. Aratron rules the most provinces (49), while each succeeding Olympian rules seven fewer than the former, down to Phul who rules seven provinces. Each of the Olympic spirits rules alternately for 490 years. Each Olympian spirit
60-622: A good theory that is not yet known but 'exists' in the universe of possible reasonable ideas. Onomancy Onomancy (or nomancy ) is divination based on a subject's name . Onomancy gained popularity in Europe during the Late Middle Ages , but is said to have originated with the Pythagoreans in antiquity. Several methods of analyzing a name are possible, some of which are based on arithmancy or gematria . An early example of onomancy
90-504: A moment and gold instantaneously into copper; he also gives faithful serving spirits. OPHIEL is the ruler of those things which are attributed to Mercury; he gives familiar spirits, teaches all arts, and enables the possessor of his character to change quicksilver immediately into the Philosopher's Stone . Lunary concerns are under the government of PHUL, who truly transmutes all metals into silver , heals dropsy and provides Spirits of
120-487: A system of English gematria using prime numbers which he calls Prime Qabalah in his book Becoming Magick (2004). Scientific theories are sometimes labeled "numerology" if their primary inspiration appears to be a set of patterns rather than scientific observations. This colloquial use of the term is quite common within the scientific community and it is mostly used to dismiss a theory as questionable science. The best known example of "numerology" in science involves
150-450: Is also associated with one of the seven luminaries which figure in ancient and medieval Western magic. ARATRON governs those things which are ascribed astrologically to Saturn. He can convert any living organism, plant or animal into stone, and that in a moment of time; he can also change coals into treasure and treasure into coals; he gives familiars and reconciles subterranean spirits to men; he teaches Alchemy , Magic and Medicine, imparts
180-433: Is applied to a person's name, it is a form of onomancy . It is often associated with astrology and other divinatory arts. The term numerologist can be used for those who place faith in numerical patterns and draw inferences from them, even if those people do not practice traditional numerology. For example, in his 1997 book Numerology: Or What Pythagoras Wrought ( Dudley 1997 ), mathematician Underwood Dudley uses
210-478: Is found in the Secretum Secretorum . The system given there involves adding up the numerical values of the letters in the names of two antagonists, dividing the total for each person by 9, and comparing the remainders with a table which predicts the victor. In China , Taiwan , and Japan , onomancy is known as 姓名判断 (Chinese: xingming panduan ; Japanese: seimei handan ). It can take several forms, but
240-562: Is known as gematria . The Mandaean number alphasyllabary is also used for numerology ( Mandaic : gmaṭ aria ). The Book of the Zodiac is an important Mandaean text on numerology. In the Pythagorean method (which uses a kind of place-value for number-letter attributions, as does the ancient Hebrew and Greek systems), the letters of the modern Latin alphabet are assigned numerical values 1 through 9. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa applied
270-574: Is the Chaldean method; in this context, "Chaldean" is an old-fashioned name for the Aramaic languages . In the Chaldean method number 9 is not used in the calculations, at least in practice. It is left out because it is thought to be divine and sacred, and therefore unassignable. This method is radically different from the Pythagorean (as well as both the ancient Greek and Hebrew systems) as letters are assigned values based on equating Latin letters with letters of
300-597: The Hebrew alphabet in accordance with sound equivalents (then number associations being derived via its gematria ) rather than applying the ancient system of place-value used by the Hebrew and Greek gematria (although 'place-value' is almost universally interpreted in the ancient world according to units, tens and hundreds, which nonetheless have the same digital root as place value); in consequence of this there are several slightly different versions, there being disagreements over some of
330-418: The coincidental resemblance of certain large numbers that intrigued mathematical physicist Paul Dirac , mathematician Hermann Weyl and astronomer Arthur Stanley Eddington . These numerical coincidences refer to such quantities as the ratio of the age of the universe to the atomic unit of time, the number of electrons in the universe, and the difference in strengths between gravity and the electric force for
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#1732858572374360-554: The 6th century BCE. Aristotle wrote that the Pythgoraean tradition , founded in the 6th century by Pythagoras of Samos , practiced isopsephy , the Greek predecessor of Hebrew gematria . Pythagoras was a contemporary of the philosophers Anaximander , Anaximenes , and the historian Hecataeus , all of whom lived in Miletus, across the sea from Samos . The Milesian system was in common use by
390-554: The 8th century BC, commissioned by Sargon II declares "the king built the wall of Khorsabad 16,283 cubits long to correspond with the numerical value of his name". Rabbinic literature used gematria to interpret passages in the Hebrew Bible . The practice of using alphabetic letters to represent numbers developed in the Greek city of Miletus , and is thus known as the Milesian system. Early examples include vase graffiti dating to
420-718: The Qur'an (the book of Muslims) include the understanding of numerical meanings, numerical symbols and their combination with purely textual approaches. There are various numerology systems which assign numerical value to the letters of an alphabet . Examples include the Abjad numerals in Arabic , Hebrew numerals , Armenian numerals , and Greek numerals . The practice within Jewish tradition of assigning mystical meaning to words based on their numerical values, and on connections between words of equal value,
450-618: The Water, who serve men in a corporal [sic] and visible form; he also prolongs life to three hundred years. In ritual magic, the seven Olympian spirits are not confused with the seven traditional archangels , which usually are Michael (usually the Sun), Anael (Venus), Raphael (usually Mercury), Gabriel (the Moon), Cassiel (Saturn), Samael (Mars) and Zadkiel (Jupiter), or a variation thereof. The seven Olympian spirits are often evoked in conjunction with
480-421: The circle on the right bearing the name and sigil of Sachiel (equivalent to Zadkiel). Numerology Numerology (known before the 20th century as arithmancy ) is the belief in an occult , divine or mystical relationship between a number and one or more coinciding events . It is also the study of the numerical value, via an alphanumeric system, of the letters in words and names. When numerology
510-561: The concept of arithmancy to the classical Latin alphabet in the 16th century in Three Books of Occult Philosophy . He mapped the letters as follows (in accordance with the Latin alphabet's place-value at that time): Note that the letters U, J, and W were not commonly considered part of the Latin alphabet at the time. A lesser known method, more popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth century,
540-560: The electron and proton. (See also Fine-tuned universe ). Wolfgang Pauli was also fascinated by the appearance of certain numbers, including 137 (a prime number), in physics. British mathematician I. J. Good wrote: There have been a few examples of numerology that have led to theories that transformed society: see the mention of Kirchhoff and Balmer in Good (1962) , p. 316 [...] and one can well include Kepler on account of his third law . It would be fair enough to say that numerology
570-511: The firmament, and can prolong life to seven hundred years, subject to the will of God, which qualification imparts an air of caution. PHALEG governs the things that are attributed to Mars. The person who possesses his character is raised by him to great honour in military affairs. Solar interests are administered by OCH, who prolongs life to six hundred years, with perfect health therein. He imparts great wisdom, gives excellent (familiar) spirits, composes perfect medicines, converts any substance into
600-581: The letter-sound equivalents. Angel numbers , as defined by Doreen Virtue and Lynnette Brown in 2004, are numbers consisting of repeating digits , such as 111 or 444. As of 2023 , a number of popular media publications have published articles suggesting that these numbers have numerological significance. Doreen Virtue has since renounced the concept of angel numbers in a 2024 interview with The Cut declaring that "It’s garbage. I regret it, and I’m sorry that I made them." There are various systems of English gematria or numerology. These systems interpret
630-457: The letters of the Roman script or English alphabet via an assigned set of numerological significances. English Qaballa , on the other hand, refers specifically to a Qabalah supported by a system discovered by James Lees in 1976. The first system of English gematria was used by the poet John Skelton in 1523 in his poem "The Garland of Laurel". The next reference to an English gematria found in
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#1732858572374660-542: The literature was made by Willis F. Whitehead in 1899 in his book, The Mystic Thesaurus , in which he describes a system he called "English Cabala". In 1952, John P. L. Hughes published The Hidden Numerical Significance of the English Language, or, Suggestive Gematria , based on his lecture delivered at Holden Research Circle on July 4, 1952. A system related to the Spiritualist Agasha Temple of Wisdom
690-473: The names of substances in the Arabic language . Numerology is prominent in Sir Thomas Browne 's 1658 literary discourse The Garden of Cyrus . Throughout its pages, the author attempts to demonstrate that the number five and the related quincunx pattern can be found throughout the arts, in design, and in nature – particularly botany. Some approaches to understanding the meanings of
720-529: The purest of metals, or into precious stones; he also bestows gold and a purse, quaintly described by the English translator of the Arbatel as "springing with gold." He causes the possessor of his character to be worshipped as a god by the kings of the whole world. The government of Venereal concerns is entrusted to HAGITH, and the person possessing his character is adorned with all beauty. He converts copper into gold in
750-904: The reign of Alexander the Great (336–323 BCE) and was adopted by other cultures during the subsequent Hellenistic period . It was officially adopted in Egypt during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (284–246 BCE). In 325 AD, following the First Council of Nicaea , departures from the beliefs of the state church were classified as civil violations within the Roman Empire . Numerology, referred to as isopsephy , remained in use in conservative Greek Orthodox circles. Some alchemical theories were closely related to numerology. For example, Arab alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan (died c. 806−816) framed his experiments in an elaborate numerology based on
780-568: The secret of invisibility , makes the barren fruitful and, lastly, confers long life. The affairs of Jupiter are administered by BETHOR, who responds quickly when called. The person dignified by his character may be exalted to illustrious positions and may obtain large treasures. He reconciles the Spirits of the Air to man, so that they will give true answers, transport precious stones and compose medicines having miraculous effects. BETHOR also grants familiars of
810-472: The seven classic archangels, and magic seals often associate one of the classic seven with one of the Olympian spirits. For example, a magic seal from Frederick Hockley 's The Complete Book of Magic Science shows the form of a seal which binds a spirit of Jupiter, Pabiel , to the magician: Pabiel's name appears in a band stretched between two circles: the circle on the left bearing the name and sigil of Bethor,
840-641: The term to discuss practitioners of the Elliott wave principle of stock market analysis. The term arithmancy is derived from two Greek words – arithmos (meaning number) and manteia (meaning divination ). "Αριθμομαντεία" Arithmancy is thus the study of divination through numbers. Although the word "arithmancy" dates to the 1570s, the word "numerology" is not recorded in English before c. 1907. The practice of gematria , assigning numerical values to words and names and imputing those values with religious meaning, dates back to antiquity. An Assyrian inscription from
870-515: Was described by William Eisen in his two volume The English Cabalah (1980–82). William G. Gray proposes another system in his 1984 book, Concepts of Qabalah , more recently republished as Qabalistic Concepts . This system includes correspondence attributions of the English letters to the positions on the Tree of Life . Michael Bertiaux described a system called Angelic Gematria in his The Voudon Gnostic Workbook (1989). David Rankine described
900-408: Was the origin of the theories of electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, gravitation. [...] So I intend no disparagement when I describe a formula as numerological. When a numerological formula is proposed, then we may ask whether it is correct. [...] I think an appropriate definition of correctness is that the formula has a good explanation, in a Platonic sense, that is, the explanation could be based on
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