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61-633: The 2013 tournament started with a blitz round played at the University of Stavanger on 7 May 2013. Rounds 1–8 were played at Hotel Residence, Sandnes (rounds 1–3, 5–6, 8), at Aarbakke factory in Bryne (round 4) and on the island Sør-Hidle in Strand (round 7). The final round 9 was played in Stavanger Concert Hall on 18 May 2013. In addition to the super tournament, there was a local school tournament and

122-525: A draw . In spite of this, he eschewed several opportunities for a perpetual check , and successfully took aim at sole first place. He was awarded the grandmaster title in March 2009. Hammer scored a 2792 rating performance on Norway's top board during the 2009 European Team Chess Championship in Novi Sad , where his +4−0=5 score made him one of the top individual scorers. In 2011, Hammer suffered setbacks in

183-613: A "proper" Championship (given the qualification scheme), and it left the decision to the corresponding internal Commission. For 2010, it was organized in conjunction with FIDE from the beginning. However, in neither case was an arbiter's report presented to the next FIDE Congress or General Assembly, as would be expected for a World Championship, and indeed occurred previously with the 2008 Blitz Championship. The 2012 Arbiter's report refers to 7th World Blitz Championship thus seeming to imply that 2009 and 2010 events were indeed Championships; although this report can be faulted for referring to

244-487: A bicycle accident and underwent surgery the next morning. It was announced on 2 June that Ding had withdrawn from the tournament. Due to him having played less than half the rounds, the three draws (against Nakamura, Vachier-Lagrave and Anand) that he had played in rounds 1–3 were discounted for tournament purposes, and counted only for rating purposes. The tournament regulations for the classical tournament were different than other tournaments. Players were awarded 2 points for

305-461: A celebrity tournament. Partly parallel to the tournament, Stavanger Open NGP 2013 was arranged by Stavanger Chess Club from 8 to 12 May. Games were streamed live with Dirk Jan ten Geuzendam and Simen Agdestein as commentators. The tournament was arranged by the foundation Norway Chess, with economic support from local businesses and municipalities and the Rogaland county. The cost of the arrangement

366-437: A game of rapid chess are, according to FIDE , more than 10 minutes but less than 60 minutes. Rapid chess can be played with or without time increments for each move. When time increments are used, a player can automatically gain, for instance, ten more seconds on the clock after each move. When time increments are used, the total time per player for a 60-move game must be more than 10 minutes but less than 60 minutes. Rapid chess

427-519: A new title sponsor, Altibox . The tournament withdrew from the Grand Chess Tour in early January 2016 citing differences on the future of chess supertournaments and tournament sponsorship. The players were initially announced as Magnus Carlsen , Vladimir Kramnik , Anish Giri , Levon Aronian , Maxime Vachier-Lagrave , Veselin Topalov , Sergey Karjakin , Pavel Eljanov , Pentala Harikrishna , and

488-417: A rapid match that took place from 26 to 27 April 2014. On 2 June 2014, a blitz tournament was played to decide the play order for the main tournament. The places 3, 4, 7 and 8 were decided by tiebreakers: Karjakin on most games with black pieces, Kramnik with one victory with black against Caruana's zero victory. The tiebreakers were: Sonneborn-Berger score , most wins, most wins with black. In case of

549-479: A small increment, the time odds need to be larger to keep the situation balanced: Norway Chess has used 10 minutes to 7 minutes. Some tournaments utilise a bidding system for individual players of each match to decide how little time they would be willing to play with as black. The player with the lower bid for each match receives the black pieces with draw odds. This system minimises the perceived unfairness of Armageddon time controls that are decided in advance before

610-598: A special clock that beeped every ten seconds to indicate the time to move. Players had to use their full ten seconds and move on the bell. In 1988, Walter Browne formed the World Blitz Chess Association and its magazine Blitz Chess , which folded in 2003. In some chess tournaments and matches, the final standings of the contestants are decided by a series of games with ever-shortening control times as tie breaks. In this case, two games may be played with each time control, as playing with black or white pieces

671-439: A tie for the first place, a two-game blitz match (or blitz tournament) and an armageddon game were scheduled. The second edition took place from 2 to 13 June 2014. The ten participants were Magnus Carlsen , Levon Aronian , Vladimir Kramnik , Veselin Topalov , Fabiano Caruana , Alexander Grischuk , Sergey Karjakin , Peter Svidler , Anish Giri and Simen Agdestein . Agdestein qualified by defeating Jon Ludvig Hammer in

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732-635: A tie for the first place, a two-game blitz match (or blitz tournament) and an armageddon game were scheduled. The third edition of the tournament took place from 15 to 26 June 2015. This was the first tournament of a three tournament series in the inaugural Grand Chess Tour , where participants accumulate as many points as possible over the three tournaments for prizes in the overall tour. The players were Magnus Carlsen , Viswanathan Anand , Levon Aronian , Veselin Topalov , Hikaru Nakamura , Fabiano Caruana , Alexander Grischuk , Anish Giri , Maxime Vachier-Lagrave , and Jon Ludvig Hammer . Jon Ludvig Hammer

793-528: A tournament with colours randomly allocated. Such an idea is reminiscent of the logical use case of fair cake-cutting . Armageddon chess does not scale well to slower time controls, as even in rapid the necessary time odds would need to be too large; in correspondence events or engine vs. engine events, it is simply unworkable. Larry Kaufman , Kai Laskos , and Stephen Pohl have tested using engines ( Stockfish , Komodo , and Houdini ) an alternative solution, allowing for equal times: Black has draw odds, but

854-790: A two-second increment is preferred. In the case of time increments, the total time per player for a 60-move game must be 10 minutes or less (hence averaging 10 seconds or less per move). For the FIDE World Blitz Championship, each player has 3 minutes plus 2 additional seconds per move, starting from move 1. Bullet chess games have less than three minutes per player, based on a 40-move game; some chess servers rate one-minute-per-player games separately. Lower time controls are called "hyperbullet" and "ultrabullet" for 30-second-per-player and 15-second-per-player games, respectively. Other common time-control options for bullet games include two minutes with one-second increment, one minute with

915-445: A two-second increment, or one minute with one-second increment. The term lightning can also be applied to this variant. The use of increment in bullet chess is primarily to avoid issues with latency , as well to discourage playing from a lost position in order to win on time (also known as "dirty flagging"). Online bullet chess avoids practical problems associated with live bullet chess, particularly players accidentally knocking over

976-429: A wildcard to be determined in a qualifying tournament. On 6 April, Karjakin decided not to play in the tournament. His spot was taken by Li Chao . A qualifying tournament took place from 23 to 26 March 2016. It was a double round robin consisting of two stages: the first leg was played with a classical time control and 3–1–0 scoring system; the second leg was played with a rapid time control and 2–1–0 scoring system. It

1037-408: A win, and 0 points for a loss. In the case of draws, the players would move on to an Armageddon game , with 10 minutes for White and 7 minutes for Black, with Black having draw odds. Players were awarded 1½ points for a draw and an Armageddon win, and ½ points for a draw and an Armageddon loss. The performance rating is based on classical games only. As with 2019, an Armageddon game was to follow if

1098-511: Is a particular variation of fast chess in which different rules apply for each of the two players. As of July 2024, the top-ranked blitz chess player in the open section is Magnus Carlsen from Norway , who is also the top-ranked classical chess player, reigning World Rapid Chess Champion , as well as the reigning World Blitz Chess Champion . Carlsen is also the top-ranked rapid chess player. The World Chess Federation (FIDE) divides time controls for chess into "classical" time controls , and

1159-513: Is more common in blitz and rapid versions. Play is governed by the FIDE Laws of Chess, except as modified by a specific tournament. However, in case of a dispute during a tournament, either player may stop the clock and call the arbiter to make a final and binding judgment. Chess boxing uses a fast version for the chess component of the sport, granting 9 minutes for each side with no increment. The rules for fast chess differ between FIDE and

1220-445: Is not allowed to castle short. Engine tests suggest that this is fair, although it has yet to be tried in practice by human grandmasters. Before the advent of digital clocks, five minutes per side was the standard for blitz or speed chess. Before the introduction of chess clocks, chess club "rapid transit" tournaments had referees who called out every ten seconds. The Washington Divan (2445 15th St. NW) had regular weekly games and used

1281-428: Is not equally liked among players. The short time controls in fast chess reduce the amount of time available to consider each move, and may result in a frantic game, especially as time runs out. A player whose time runs out automatically loses, unless the opposing player has insufficient material to checkmate , in which case the game is a draw. "Losing on time" is possible at even the longer, traditional time controls, but

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1342-486: Is reduced by comparison, meaning that players will either lose or gain (or rarely both) fewer rating points compared to a solely Quick or Regular game. Any time control over 65 minutes counts under the Regular rating only. All of these time controls include the delay added to the time control, such as a 60-minute game with a 5-second delay, which is still considered to be a 60-minute game, not a 65-minute game. As of March 2013,

1403-638: The Plus GSM World Blitz Chess Cup, which has since been referred to as a world championship, albeit inconsistently. The second FIDE-recognized World Blitz Championship was won by Alexander Grischuk in 2006 in Rishon Lezion , Israel; the third World Blitz Championship was won by Vassily Ivanchuk in 2007. The 4th World Blitz Championship was held in Almaty in 2008, and it was won by Leinier Dominguez Pérez of Cuba. In 2009 and 2010, there

1464-542: The USCF . With the USCF, a game with more than 10 minutes affects the Quick rating, and the upper bounds for this rating is capped at 65 minutes per player. As 30-minute to 65-minute-per-player time controls are also under the Regular rating system, these games affect both the Quick and Regular ratings and are known as dual-rated games. However, the K factor (a statistic used for ratings)

1525-622: The "B" section of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament , and the Aeroflot Open . He rebounded with a good result in the Reykjavik Open , where he finished with 7/9, and in 5th place on tiebreaks. As the best Nordic player, Hammer became Norway's first Nordic Chess Champion since Simen Agdestein in 1992. Hammer won his first Norwegian Chess Championship in 2013 when he scored 7/9 (+5−0=4). Hammer's best result until then had been

1586-487: The 2005 Rapid to Cap d'Agde , but it was not held. Teimour Radjabov won the 2006 7th Cap d’Agde Rapid Chess Tournament , but this had no FIDE status. The yearly Frankfurt or Mainz events hosted by the Chess Tigers (2001–2010) were considered as the traditional rapid chess championship, and it often received world championship billing in the absence of an annual FIDE-recognized championship. In its last two years,

1647-704: The 2008 championship, when he finished equal on points with Frode Elsness , but he lost the September playoff to Elsness after losing the first game, and acquiescing to a draw in a worse position in the second. In 2013/14, Hammer took a clear first place with 7½/9 in the Rilton Cup . Hammer attended the Norwegian College of Elite Sport and was coached by Agdestein . Hammer has been described as taking chess very seriously, playing very often online, in tournaments, or practicing. In 2009, Hammer announced he would not pursue

1708-573: The 2009 Grenkeleasing World Rapid Chess Championship in Mainz was won by Levon Aronian , and the 2010 Open GRENKE Rapid World Championship in Mainz was won by Gata Kamsky . The Association of Chess Professionals (ACP) also held a World Rapid Cup in some of these years, and the annual Amber chess tournament (1992 to 2011) also had a rapid segment. There was also occasionally a Eurotel Trophy or Intel Grand Prix event, each of which would be of high stature. The first unofficial Speed Chess Championship of

1769-683: The FIDE World Cup of Rapid Chess (organized by the French Chess Federation in Cannes) was held contemporaneously to the Melody Amber rapids (thus splitting the top players between the two events), and it is sometimes considered to be official, although it was never named as a "championship" but rather a "world cup". Viswanathan Anand won the official FIDE 2003 Rapid Championship at the 6th Cap d'Agde event. After no bids in 2004, FIDE optioned

1830-524: The USCF has also added a separate Blitz class rating for any time control between 5 and 10 minutes per player. It is not possible for a game to be dual rated as both Blitz and Quick. Unlike Quick chess, 5 minutes can also mean game 3+2 (three minutes with a two-second increment ). Both official and unofficial FIDE-sponsored world championships for fast chess have been held since the 1970s. In 1987, Garry Kasparov (the World Champion of classical chess at

1891-624: The Women's Rapid Championship. Anna Muzychuk won the Women's Blitz Championship. In 2015, the World Rapid and Blitz Championships were held in Berlin, Germany. Magnus Carlsen won the Rapid Championship. He also received the privilege of playing at a dedicated Board 1 the whole time, not having to move while others did. The given reason was that Norwegian television was sponsoring the event, and moving

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1952-546: The Women's Rapid Championship. Valentina Gunina won the Women's Blitz Championship. In 2013, the World Rapid and Blitz Championships were held at Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. Shakhriyar Mamedyarov won the Rapid Championship. Lê Quang Liêm won the Blitz Championship. In 2014, the World Rapid and Blitz Championships were held at Dubai, UAE and Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia (Women's Championships). Magnus Carlsen won both Rapid and Blitz Championships. Kateryna Lagno won

2013-641: The World (or World Blitz Championship) was held in Herceg Novi on 8 April 1970. This was shortly after the first USSR versus the rest of the world match (in Belgrade), in which ten of these players also competed. Eleven Grandmasters and one International Master played a double round-robin tournament . Bobby Fischer won first place, with a score of 19 points out of a possible 22. Fischer scored seventeen wins, four draws , and one loss (to Viktor Korchnoi ). Mikhail Tal

2074-505: The armageddon game will receive 1½ points and the loser 1 point. The open section of the tournament was won by Magnus Carlsen , whilst Ju Wenjun won the women's section of the event. Fast chess Fast chess , also known as speed chess , is a type of chess in which each player is given less time to consider their moves than classical chess time controls allow. Fast chess is subdivided, by decreasing time controls, into rapid chess, blitz chess, and bullet chess. Armageddon chess

2135-468: The clock. Common times are six minutes for White and five minutes for Black or five minutes for White and four minutes for Black. This can also be played with a small increment. If there is no increment, then difficult questions arise when players must try to flag in trivial draws, which happened in the Women's World Chess Championship 2008 in the match between Monika Soćko and Sabina-Francesca Foisor . With

2196-588: The end of March 2016, they gave Agon six months to find an organizer for the 2017 event. At the Baku General Assembly in September, it was announced they had extended this deadline until the end of 2016. The issue of the non-payment of the players for the IMSA Mind Games was also brought up. Jon Ludvig Hammer Jon Ludvig Nilssen Hammer (born 2 June 1990) is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and three-time Norwegian Chess Champion . He

2257-435: The fast chess time controls. As of July 2014 , for master-level players (with an Elo of 2400 or higher) the regulations state that at least 120 minutes per player (based on a 60-move game) must be allocated for a game to be rated on the "classical" list; for lower-rated players, this can be reduced to as little as 60 minutes. Games played faster than these time controls can be rated for rapid and blitz if they comply with

2318-438: The heavy cameras around would be too much hassle. After his first-round draw, he should not have been on Board 1 until Round 8 when he caught the leaders. Carlsen himself later called this "weird" that Board 1 would be reserved for him. Alexander Grischuk won the Blitz Championship. In 2015, FIDE did not receive the expected 80,000 euros from Agon 's organization of the event, causing a budget shortfall of 55,000 euros. It

2379-407: The loser 1 point. In parallel with the open tournament, an inaugural women-only version will be held, with an equal prize fund given for the open and women's tournament. A classical win is worth 3 points and a loss 0 points. If the classical game is drawn, an armageddon game (white with 10 minutes, black with 7 minutes) will be played, with the same colours as the classical game. The player who wins

2440-401: The main classical game ended in a draw. The points system was altered to award 3 points for a win, 0 points for a loss, 1½ for a draw and an Armageddon win and 1 for a draw and an Armageddon loss. Seeding was based on a blitz tournament played before the classical event. A classical win was worth 3 points and a loss 0 points. If the classical game was drawn, an armageddon game was played, with

2501-484: The pieces. Playing online also allows premoving , or committing to a move before the opponent has taken their turn. A variant of blitz chess where a drawn game is counted as a win for Black. This guarantees the game ends decisively, so it can be used as a final tiebreaker game. It was used in tournaments such as the Chess World Cup as a tiebreaker. To compensate for giving Black draw odds, White has more time on

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2562-486: The rapid championship of 2012 as being the 1st World Rapid Championship , which at the very least forgets Anand's official Rapid Championship in 2003. The balance of the evidence favors these Blitz Championships as being counted as official. In 2011, there was no official blitz championship held, but FIDE was involved with the Sport Accord Mind Games blitz won by Maxime Vachier-Lagrave , with Hou Yifan winning

2623-469: The recently held World Chess Championship 2016 won the championship title albeit due to a better tiebreak over the second place Carlsen. Karjakin defeated Carlsen in their individual encounter. Carlsen was once again reserved board 1 for both championships. Anna Muzychuk also from Ukraine, won both the 2016 Women World Rapid and Blitz Championshipship. At the FIDE Presidential Board meeting at

2684-426: The same colours as the classical game. The player who won the armageddon game received 1½ points and the loser 1 point. Seeding was based on a blitz tournament played before the classical event. A classical win was worth 3 points and a loss 0 points. If the classical game was drawn, an armageddon game was played, with the same colours as the classical game. The player who won the armageddon game received 1½ points and

2745-584: The second in Denmark in 2008, and a third in European Chess Club Cup later that year. The short length of those tournaments, however, meant he needed a fourth norm to gain the GM title. This norm was achieved when Hammer won outright a jubilee tournament at Gjøvik arranged at the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009. In the final round against Mateusz Bartel , Hammer could have secured his Grandmaster title with

2806-531: The time controls for those categories. Players of fast and blitz chess are exempt from the requirement to record their moves onto a scoresheet (A.2). The arbiter or their assistant is responsible for the recording in competitions (A.3.1.2, B.3.1.2). Electronic recording is preferred. A fast chess game can be further divided into several categories, which are primarily distinguished by the selection of time controls. Games may be played with or without time increments per move. Time controls for each player in

2867-730: The time) and Nigel Short played a 6-game exhibition Rapid match ("Speed Chess Challenge") at the London Hippodrome, won by Kasparov 4–2. The 1988 victory by Anatoly Karpov in Mazatlan was officially called the World Active Championship , but FIDE changed the word 'active' to 'rapid' soon after. In 1992, FIDE held the Women's World Rapid and Blitz Championship in Budapest, Hungary. Both Rapid and Blitz Championships were won by Susan Polgar . The 2001 victory by Garry Kasparov in

2928-434: The top 5 and, thus, earned their extra white game. The fifth Norway Chess tournament was held between 6–16 June 2017. The tournament involved all ten of the world's best players by rating (at the time of announcement) and had an average Elo rating of 2797. As a result, it was billed as the strongest chess tournament in history by Altibox , its sponsor. However, by the time the tournament was held two players had dropped out of

2989-446: The top ten (Karjakin and Giri; their replacements Mamedyarov and Ding Liren did not play). It is also not the tournament with the highest-ever rating average; the 2014 Zurich Chess Challenge and the 2014 Sinquefield Cup had average ratings of 2801 and 2802, respectively. On 5 June 2017, a Blitz tournament was conducted to determine the pairings in the tournament. The top 5 finishers in the blitz tournament earned an extra white game in

3050-444: The tournament. Magnus Carlsen , Hikaru Nakamura , Levon Aronian , Maxime Vachier-Lagrave and Vladimir Kramnik finished in the top 5 and earned their extra white game. The blitz tournament was played on 27 May 2018. The winner of the blitz tournament chose his number in the main tournament. Number 2 got the highest available number, and number 3 the second highest, and so on. On 31 May 2018, Ding Liren fractured his hip bone in

3111-433: The women's division. Since 2012, FIDE have held joint World Rapid and Blitz Championships most years, with some years Women's World Rapid and Blitz Championships also being held. In 2012, the World Rapid and Blitz Championships were held at Batumi, Georgia and Astana, Kazakhstan (Women's Championships) Sergey Karjakin won the Rapid Championship. Alexander Grischuk won the Blitz Championship. Antoaneta Stefanova won

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3172-648: Was a distant second, 4½ points behind. Fischer won both games against each of Tal, Tigran Petrosian , and Vasily Smyslov ; all of them were past World Champions . By 1971, the Russian and Moscow five-minute championships had been going several years, with Tal, Bronstein , and Petrosian all having success. That year, Fischer played in a blitz tournament organised by the Manhattan Chess Club , and scored 21½/22. There were also strong tournaments in Bugojno (in 1978), which

3233-725: Was an event called the World Blitz Championship , held after the Tal Memorial in Moscow in November. It was won by Magnus Carlsen (in 2009) and Levon Aronian (in 2010), with the Women's Championship being won by Kateryna Lagno (in 2010). There is no record of a 2009 blitz event in the FIDE Calendar for that year; however, the October 2009 FIDE Congress discussed whether it should be

3294-511: Was called active chess by FIDE between 1987 and 1989. For the FIDE World Rapid Championship, each player has 15 minutes plus 10 seconds additional time per move starting from move 1. Time controls for each player in a game of blitz chess are, according to FIDE , 10 minutes or less per player. This can be played with or without an increment or delay per move, made possible by the adoption of digital clocks. Three minutes with

3355-597: Was later announced that approximately 200,000 euros were lost on the event. In 2016, the World Rapid Championships were held at the Ali Bin Hamad Al Attiya Arena in Doha, Qatar. Vassily Ivanchuk of Ukraine won the 2016 World Rapid Championship, while Carlsen, after defending his title with difficulty in 2015, came in third place. In the Blitz Championship, Sergey Karjakin of Russia and contender in

3416-727: Was not invited to the overall Grand Chess Tour; however, he qualified for the 10th spot in the tournament by winning the Enter Card Scandinavian Masters Tournament in May 2015. Jon Ludvig Hammer won the event to qualify as the wildcard for the main tournament. On 15 June 2015, a blitz tournament was played to decide the play order for the main tournament. It was won by Maxime Vachier-Lagrave of France . The tiebreakers were: most wins, direct encounter, Sonneborn-Berger system, extended Koya system. The fourth Norway Chess Tournament took place from 18 to 30 April 2016 with

3477-518: Was played to decide the play order for the main tournament. According to regulations, the winner of the blitz tournament had the right to choose the number in the table by his own, and Sergey Karjakin chose to be fifth in the main tournament table. Second, third and fourth place were decided by tiebreakers: Carlsen on most games with black pieces; Anand with two victories with black against Nakamura's one victory. The tiebreakers were: Sonneborn-Berger score , most wins, most wins with black. In case of

3538-455: Was predicted to be about 5 million Norwegian kroner (approximately 672,000 euro ), of which about half is for the prizes for the participants. The organizers plan to make the tournament a yearly event. Vladimir Kramnik was originally among the expected participants, but in April 2013 it was announced that he had withdrawn and was replaced with Peter Svidler . On 7 May 2013, a blitz tournament

3599-672: Was the main second for Magnus Carlsen in the World Chess Championship 2013 . At the 38th Chess Olympiad in Dresden, Hammer represented Norway as the substitute player (number five on the team). He played in all rounds except the first and scored 6/10 (+4−2=4). In 2007, Hammer completed all requirements for the International Master title. Hammer gained his first GM norm in the Cappelle-la-Grande Open in 2007,

3660-407: Was won by Nils Grandelius . On 18 April 2016, a blitz tournament was conducted to determine the pairings in the tournament. The top 5 finishers in the blitz tournament earned an extra white game in the tournament. The following is the final crosstable of the event (obtained from chess.com). Magnus Carlsen , Anish Giri , Maxime Vachier-Lagrave , Vladimir Kramnik , and Levon Aronian finished in

3721-525: Was won by Karpov; and Nikšić (in 1983), which was won by Kasparov. In 1987, the S.W.I.F.T. super-tournament was held in Brussels, Belgium; first prize was shared by Garry Kasparov and Ljubomir Ljubojević . The first FIDE-sponsored World Blitz Championship was won by Mikhail Tal in 1988. In 1992, FIDE held the Women's World Rapid and Blitz Championship in Budapest, Hungary. Both Rapid and Blitz Championships were won by Susan Polgar . In 2000, Anand won

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