163-401: The National Herald is an Indian newspaper published by The Associated Journals Ltd and owned by Young India Limited a company by Rahul Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi and Shiva Publications a partnership firm by Vishnu Goyal & Rekha Goyal. It was founded by India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1938 as a tool to win independence. It was banned by British government in 1942 during
326-648: A M.Phil. from Cambridge , Gandhi initiated his professional career with the Monitor Group , a management consulting firm in London . Soon thereafter, he returned to India and founded Backops Services Private Ltd, a technology outsourcing firm based in Mumbai . Gandhi led the Congress party during the 2014 and 2019 general elections, where the party experienced significant defeats, securing only 44 and 52 seats, respectively. Ahead of
489-573: A cable dated 3 August 2009 after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had hosted a lunch on 20 July 2009 for Gandhi, then the general secretary of the AICC. One of the guests who was invited for the lunch was the United States ambassador to India , Timothy J. Roemer . In a "candid conversation" with Roemer, he said that he believes Hindu extremists pose a greater threat to his country than Muslim militants. Gandhi referred specifically to more-polarising figures in
652-446: A clear mandate to the incumbent, Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government. The 2009 general elections were a success for the INC, which won 206 seats. While the Congress did not win a majority in the election, they emerged as the largest party and formed a coalition government with the support of other parties. Gandhi retained his Amethi seat by defeating his nearest rival by
815-621: A feudal ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire , established a mud fort , considered the foundation of modern Bengaluru and its oldest areas, or pétés , which still exist. After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, Kempe Gowda declared independence; in 1638, a large Adil Shahi Bijapur army defeated Kempe Gowda III, and Bengaluru came under Shahaji Bhonsle as a jagir , which later became his capital. The Mughals later captured Bengaluru and sold it to Maharaja Devaraja Wodeyar II of
978-551: A handful of public occasions. Gandhi joined St. Stephen's College , Delhi, an affiliated college of the University of Delhi , in 1989 for his undergraduate education. Gandhi's academic performance in Class XII, with a score of 61 per cent in the CBSE school certificate , was perceived as not particularly strong. He gained admission to St. Stephen’s College for BA (Honors) History through
1141-562: A large Adil Shahi Bijapur army led by Ranadulla Khan and accompanied by his second in command Shāhji Bhōnslē defeated Kempe Gowda III, and Bengaluru was given to Shāhji as a jagir (feudal estate). Around 1639, he ordered the reconstruction of the destroyed city and the building of new lakes to solve the water shortage in the region. In 1687, the Mughal general Kasim Khan, under orders from Aurangzeb , defeated Ekoji I , son of Shāhji, and sold Bengaluru to Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704),
1304-536: A margin of over 370,000 votes. Gandhi was credited with the Congress revival in Uttar Pradesh where they won 21 out of the total 80 Lok Sabha seats. Ahead of the 2014 Indian general election , Gandhi was named the vice president of the Indian National Congress, effectively making him the party’s second-in-command. Gandhi contested the 2014 Indian general election from his constituency, Amethi, and led
1467-834: A member of the Nehru–Gandhi political family . Born in New Delhi , Gandhi spent his early years between Delhi and Dehradun , remaining largely outside the public sphere during his childhood and early youth. He received primary education in New Delhi and then attended The Doon School . However, due to security concerns, he was later home-schooled. Gandhi commenced his undergraduate degree at St. Stephen's College before moving to Harvard University . Following his father’s assassination and subsequent security concerns, he moved to Rollins College in Florida, completing his degree in 1994. After earning
1630-497: A modern, democratic, just, equitable, liberal and socially harmonious nation. On 12 June 2017, Rahul Gandhi re-launched National Herald at an event in Bengaluru . Vice President of India Hamid Ansari was the chief guest and said, "The duty of the state is clear - free media is necessary for free society. When faced with unjust restrictions, censorship in the media can aid covering of abuses." The commemorative edition of National Herald
1793-403: A number of organisations for over a couple of days. The heaviest rainfall recorded in a 24-hour period is 179 mm (7 in) recorded on 1 October 1997. In 2022, Bengaluru faced a large amount of rainfall, 368% more than the yearly average. Several areas were flooded, and power supply was also cut off. March record high Bengaluru is a megacity with a population of 8,443,675 in
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#17328442144431956-493: A part of the seismic zone II (a stable zone), it has experienced earthquakes of magnitude as high as 4.5 on the Richter scale . Bengaluru has a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen climate classification Aw ) with distinct wet and dry seasons. Due to its high elevation, Bengaluru usually enjoys a more moderate climate throughout the year, although occasional heat waves can make summer somewhat uncomfortable. The coolest month
2119-490: A petition filed by then-BJP leader Subramanian Swamy seeking to summon Rahul and Sonia Gandhi and others as accused in the case. The court held that there was no prima facie evidence to suggest their involvement in any corruption conspiracy. In 2014, the Enforcement Directorate (ED) initiated an investigation into Swamy's complaint to determine if there were any indications of money laundering . The investigation
2282-590: A population of over a million. The city is widely regarded as the " Silicon Valley of India", as the largest IT hub of the country. Infosys , Wipro , Mindtree , Mphasis , Flipkart , and Myntra are headquartered in Bengaluru. IT companies located in the city contributed 33% of India's ₹1,442 billion (US$ 20 billion) IT exports in 2006–07. Bengaluru's IT industry is divided into three main clusters : Software Technology Parks of India (STPI); International Tech Park, Bangalore (ITPB); and Electronic City . Most of
2445-573: A possible floral origin of the name as derived from benga , the Kannada term for Pterocarpus marsupium (also known as the Indian Kino Tree), a species of dry and moist deciduous trees that grows abundantly in the region. On 11 December 2005, the Government of Karnataka accepted a proposal by Jnanpith Award winner U. R. Ananthamurthy to rename Bangalore to Bengalūru . On 27 September 2006,
2608-671: A scathing piece on the Bikini Atoll nuclear tests titled 'The Death-dealer'. The paper had editions from Lucknow and New Delhi , the latter begun in 1968. In Delhi, the paper was based out of Herald House on Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg , known as Delhi's Fleet Street while in Lucknow it was based out of the Nehru Bhawan and Nehru Manzil buildings. The National Herald also had Hindi and Urdu editions named Navjeevan and Qaumi Awaz . In January 2008 discussions about closure began. On 1 April 2008
2771-492: A separate comment, stating that the news of the disqualification was "alarming". In the 2004 general election , Gandhi contested from Amethi and won, securing 390,179 votes with a vote share of 66.18 per cent. He contested again in the 2009 general election from Amethi , winning with 464,195 votes and a vote share of 71.78 per cent. In the 2014, 2014 general election , he retained his seat in Amethi, winning with 408,651 votes and
2934-540: A significant increase in membership, from 200,000 to 2.5 million. The IYC underwent a restructuring process to make it more democratic and inclusive. In November 2008, Gandhi held interviews at his 12 Tughlak Lane residence in New Delhi to handpick at least 40 people to make up the IYC's think tank . In 2009, during Gandhi's visit to West Bengal , the state unit of the Youth Congress registered 1 million members. Similarly,
3097-464: A single urban centre in 1949. The city was generally known as Bangalore in English until the existing Kannada name, Bengalūru , was declared the city's official name in 2006. Bengaluru is considered to be one of the fastest-growing global major metropolises. Recent estimates of the metro economy of its urban area has ranked Bengaluru as one of the most productive metro areas of India. The city
3260-536: A stay on Gandhi's conviction and sentence, handed down by Chief Judicial Magistrate in Surat on 23 March 2023. The disqualification of Gandhi prompted widespread reactions and responses not only from the Congress party but also from opposition leaders and lawmakers abroad. Legal experts questioned the basis of the charge, as defamation is only actionable against individuals and not a generic class of people. The US House of Representatives , Ro Khanna , Democrat co-chair of
3423-464: A trade office of Canada and a virtual Consulate of the United States. As of 2022, Bengaluru produces around 6000 metric tonnes of solid waste per day. This waste is transported from collection units located near Hesaraghatta Lake , to the garbage dumping sites. The city has considerable dust pollution, hazardous waste disposal, and disorganised, unscientific waste retrievals. The IT hub,
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#17328442144433586-457: A uniter of the country and condemned "divisive" politics in India, saying that he would try to reduce caste and religious tensions. After being out of power for a record eight years, the Congress party returned to power, winning a total of 145 seats in the 2004 Indian general election. A coalition government was formed at the center by Congress with the backing of regional parties. Gandhi secured
3749-541: A very diverse population, consisting of Dakhini and Urdu-speaking Muslims, Kutchi Memons , Labbay and Mappilas . The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP, Greater Bengaluru Municipal Corporation ) is in charge of civic administration of the city. It was formed in 2007 by merging 100 wards of the erstwhile Bangalore Mahanagara Palike , with seven neighbouring City Municipal Councils, one Town Municipal Council and 110 villages around Bengaluru. The number of wards increased to 243 in 2022. The BBMP
3912-534: A victory by a substantial margin of over 100,000 votes, thereby maintaining the stronghold of his family in Uttar Pradesh. The party performed poorly in Uttar Pradesh, as it held only 10 out of the 80 Lok Sabha seats in the state, with a vote share of 12.53 per cent. Gandhi did not hold any official role or position within the government. From 2004 to 2006, Gandhi served as a member for the Standing Committee on Home Affairs . Between 2006 and 2009, he served as
4075-433: A vote share of 46.71 per cent. In the 2019 Indian general election , he lost from Amethi, securing 413,394 votes with a vote share of 43.86 per cent. He won from Wayanad in the same election, garnering 706,367 votes with a vote share of 64.67 per cent. In the 2024 general election , Gandhi contested from Wayanad and Rae Bareli and won both garnering 364,422 votes with a vote share of 59.69 per cent and 390,030 votes with
4238-662: A vote share of 66.17 per cent respectively. Top leadership of Congress decided that Gandhi will retain Rae Bareli in the 18th Lok Sabha and Priyanka Gandhi was announced as the Congress candidate for Wayanad bypoll. In 2004, the Gandhi was elected to the 14th Lok Sabha and served as a member of the Standing Committee on Home Affairs from 2004 to 2006, as well as a member of the Standing Committee on Human Resource Development from 2006 to 2009. In 2009, they were re-elected to
4401-660: A water supply to the city. Kaveri River flows about 60 miles (100 km) from the city of Bengaluru, and the river Kaveri provides around 80% of the city's water supply and the remaining 20% is obtained from the Thippagondanahalli and Hesaraghatta reservoirs of the Arkavathi river. Bengaluru receives 800 million litres (210 million US gallons) of water a day, more than any other Indian city, but Bengaluru does face occasional water shortages, especially during summer and in years with low rainfall. A random sampling of
4564-467: Is Kannada , spoken by 42.05% of the population. The second-largest language is Tamil , spoken by 16.34% of the population. 13.73% speak Telugu , 13.00% Urdu , 4.64% Hindi , 3.16% Malayalam and 2.05% have Marathi as their first language. Other languages with sizeable numbers of speakers include Konkani , Bengali , Marwari , Tulu , Odia , Gujarati , Kodagu , Punjabi , Lambadi , Sindhi and Nepali . The Kannada language spoken in Bengaluru
4727-606: Is January with an average low temperature of 15.1 °C (59.2 °F) and the hottest month is April with an average high of 34.1 °C (93.4 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Bengaluru was 39.2 °C (103 °F), recorded 24 April 2016, corresponding with the strong El Niño in that year. The lowest ever recorded is 7.8 °C (46 °F) in January 1884. Winter temperatures rarely drop below 14 °C (57 °F), and summer temperatures seldom exceed 36 °C (97 °F). Bengaluru receives rainfall from both
4890-408: Is a form called 'Old Mysuru Kannada' which is also used in most of the southern part of Karnataka. A vernacular dialect of this, known as Bangalore Kannada , is spoken in Bengaluru and the adjoining Mysore regions. English is extensively spoken and is the principal language of the professional and business class. The major communities of Bengaluru who share a long history in the city, other than
5053-453: Is a fundamental failure of policy design and has alleged that it was a deliberate move by "PayPM" to help 2-3 billionaires to monopolise the economy. Terming demonetisation as the country's “biggest scam”, During his public speeches and political rallies, Gandhi has consistently criticised the demonetisation move, claiming that it failed to achieve its intended objectives of combating black money and curbing corruption. He has also argued that
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5216-478: Is alleged that the loan was not repaid. A closely held company, Young Indian, was incorporated in November 2010 with a capital of ₹ 50 lakh (US$ 60,000) and it acquired almost all the shareholding of AJL and all its properties (alleged to be worth ₹ 5,000 crore (US$ 600 million)). A defamation suit of Rs 5000 crore was filed by Reliance Group , against National Herald claiming an article published by it regarding
5379-504: Is also the Chairman & Managing Director of Alpha Vision Overseas India Ltd, a company listed on the BSE. National Herald, before its closure was being run by Associated Journals. There were reports that the paper was being revived under journalist Suman Dubey, technocrat Sam Pitroda and the newly incorporated Young India Company headquartered at Herald House. However, Rahul Gandhi , a member on
5542-467: Is also the country's fourth largest fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) market. Forbes considers Bengaluru one of "The Next Decade's Fastest-Growing Cities". The city is the third largest hub for high-net-worth individuals . There were a large number of high-net-worth individuals with a ₹ 4.5 crore investment surplus in 2007. In the Ease of Living Index 2020, it was ranked the most livable Indian city with
5705-567: Is an accused in the National Herald corruption case along with Sonia Gandhi and her son Rahul Gandhi. National Herald was established in Lucknow on 9 September 1938 by Jawaharlal Nehru. The paper carried on its masthead the words 'Freedom is in Peril, Defend it with All Your Might' taken from a cartoon by Gabriel from Brentford , Middlesex that Indira Gandhi had forwarded to Nehru. Jawaharlal Nehru
5868-454: Is considered the pivot for high-technology-based heavy manufacturing industry, with numerous large multinational technology corporations setting up their headquarters there. It is home to many top-tier engineering and research institutions. Bengaluru is known as the "Silicon Valley of India" because it is the nation's leading software exporter as well as a major semiconductor hub. Several state-owned aerospace and defence organisations are in
6031-493: Is primarily service oriented and industrial, dominated by information technology, telecommunication, biotechnology, and manufacturing of electronics, machinery, automobiles, food, etc. Major industrial areas around Bengaluru are Adugodi , Bidadi , Bommanahalli , Bommasandra , Domlur , Hoodi , Whitefield , Doddaballapura , Hoskote , Bashettihalli , Yelahanka , Electronic City , Peenya , Krishnarajapuram , Bellandur , Narasapura , Rajajinagar , Mahadevapura etc. It
6194-821: Is regulated by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) under the aegis of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), a Central Government entity. As part of the Waste Management Guidelines, the government of Karnataka through the KSPCB has authorised a few well-established companies to manage biomedical and other hazardous waste in Karnataka. Bengaluru is one of the fastest-growing metropolises in India. Bengaluru contributes 38% of India's total IT exports. Its economy
6357-642: Is regulated through the Bangalore Electricity Supply Company (BESCOM), while water supply and sanitation facilities are provided by the Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board (BWSSB). The city has offices of the Consulate General of Germany , France, Japan, Israel, British Deputy High Commission, along with honorary consulates of Ireland, Finland, Switzerland, Maldives, Mongolia, Sri Lanka and Peru. It also has
6520-475: Is run by a city council of 250 members, including 198 corporators representing each of the wards of the city and 52 other elected representatives, consisting of members of Parliament and the state legislature. Elections to the council are held once every five years and are decided by popular vote . Members contesting elections to the council usually represent one or more of the state's political parties. A mayor and deputy mayor are also elected from
6683-470: Is the capital and largest city of the southern Indian state of Karnataka . It has a population of more than 8 million and a metropolitan population of around 15 million , making it India 's third most populous city and fourth most populous urban agglomeration . It is the most populous city and largest urban agglomeration in South India , and is the 27th largest city in the world . Located on
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6846-602: Is the fifth Indian city to host maximum numbers of Fortune Companies , after Mumbai , Delhi , Kolkata and Chennai . The growth of IT has presented the city with unique challenges. Ideological clashes sometimes occur between the city's IT moguls, who demand an improvement in the city's infrastructure, and the state government, whose electorate is primarily from rural Karnataka. The encouragement of high-tech industry in Bengaluru, for example, has not favoured local employment development, but instead increased land values and forced out small enterprises. The state has also resisted
7009-456: Is the present city's supply of regular piped water. Modern Bengaluru was begun in 1537 by the chieftain Kempe Gowda I , who aligned with the Vijayanagara Empire under Emperor Achyuta Deva Raya to campaign against Gangaraja (whom he defeated and expelled to Kanchi), and who built a mud-brick fort for the people at the site that would become the central part of modern Bengaluru. Kempe Gowda
7172-541: The 2001 Census of India at Jalahalli , Sidhapura and Jadigenahalli, all of which are located on Bengaluru's outskirts today, suggest human settlement around 4000 BCE. Around 1,000 BCE (during the Iron Age ), burial grounds were established at Koramangala and Chikkajala on the outskirts of Bengaluru. Coins of the Roman emperors Augustus , Tiberius , and Claudius found at Yeswanthpur and HAL Airport indicate that
7335-747: The 2024 Indian general elections , Gandhi spearheaded the Bharat Jodo Yatra and the Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra , contributing to the INC winning 99 seats and regaining the status of Official Opposition for the first time in a decade. Gandhi won the Rae Bareli in the 2024 elections and was nominated to serve as Leader of the Opposition. In Parliament, Gandhi has served as a member of several parliamentary committees including Home Affairs , Human Resource Development , External Affairs , Ministry of Finance and Corporate Affairs and Defence . Gandhi
7498-478: The All India Institute of Mental Health (AIIMH) in 1956. By 1961, Bengaluru had become the sixth-largest city in India, with a population of 1,207,000. In the following decades, Bengaluru's manufacturing base continued to expand with the establishment of private companies such as MICO (Motor Industries Company), which set up its manufacturing plant in the city. By the 1980s, urbanisation had spilled over
7661-472: The Bangalore Development Authority in 1976 to coordinate the activities of these two bodies. Public sector employment and education provided opportunities for Kannadigas from the rest of the state to migrate to the city. Bengaluru experienced rapid growth in the decades 1941–51 and 1971–81, which saw the arrival of many immigrants from northern Karnataka. The Government of India set up
7824-645: The Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra ; unlike the previous version, the Yatra was conducted in a hybrid mode. On 13 April 2019, during a political rally in Kolar, Karnataka before the 17th general election , Gandhi made a remark in Hindi, questioning, "Why is it that all thieves, whether it be Nirav Modi , Lalit Modi , or Narendra Modi , have Modi in their names?". A speech comparing Narendra Modi with Fugitive Economic Offenders such as Nirav Modi and Lalit Modi . A criminal defamation case
7987-622: The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Also responding to the ambassador's query about the activities in the region by the Islamist militant organisation Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), Gandhi said there was evidence of some support for the group among certain elements in India's indigenous Muslim population. In a response to this, the BJP heavily criticised Gandhi for his statements. BJP spokesperson Ravi Shankar Prasad slammed Gandhi, saying that his language
8150-592: The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) passed a resolution to implement the name change. The government of Karnataka accepted the proposal and it was decided to officially implement the name change from 1 November 2006. The Union government approved this request, along with name changes for 11 other Karnataka cities, in October 2014. Hence, Bangalore was renamed to "Bengaluru" on 1 November 2014. A discovery of Stone Age artefacts during
8313-545: The Centre . Gandhi used the slogan " Chowkidar Chor Hai " as a jibe against Narendra Modi, BJP's prime ministerial candidate during his election rallies. The slogan was aimed at Modi about the alleged irregularities and favouritism in awarding the contracts for the Rafale fighter jet deal . Post election results the INC won 52 seats, eight more than the previous election. Its vote percentage once again fell below 20 per cent. Gandhi won
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#17328442144438476-608: The Deccan Plateau , at a height of over 900 m (3,000 ft) above sea level, Bengaluru has a pleasant climate throughout the year, with its parks and green spaces earning it the reputation of India's "Garden City". Its elevation is the highest of India's major cities. The city's history dates back to around 890, as per the old Kannada stone inscription found at the Nageshwara Temple in Begur, Bengaluru . In 1537, Kempé Gowdā ,
8639-704: The Indian Youth Congress (IYC), segment of the Congress party that represents the younger generation, and the National Students Union of India (NSUI), the faction that caters to the student community. As the general secretary of the Indian Youth Congress (IYC) and the National Students Union of India (NSUI), Gandhi played a notable role in shaping the policies and strategies of these organisations. After his appointment, both groups saw
8802-732: The Kannadigas , are the Telugus and Tamilians , who both migrated to Bengaluru in search of a better livelihood, and the Dakhanis . Already in the 16th century, Bengaluru had few Tamil or Telugu or speakers, who spoke Kannada for business. Telugu-speaking people initially came to Bengaluru on invitation by the Mysore royalty. Other native communities are the Tuluvas and the Konkanis of coastal Karnataka, and
8965-754: The Karnataka High Court , the Vidhana Soudha (the home of the Karnataka state legislature) and Raj Bhavan (the residence of the governor of Karnataka). Bengaluru contributes four members to the lower house of the Indian Parliament , the Lok Sabha , from its four constituencies: Bangalore Rural , Bangalore Central , Bangalore North , and Bangalore South , and 28 members to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly . Electricity in Bengaluru
9128-586: The Kingdom of Mysore . When Haider Ali seized control of the kingdom, Bengaluru's administration passed into his hands. The city was captured by the British East India Company after victory in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799), which then returned administrative control of the city, along with the kingdom, to Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar III . The old city developed under the dominions of
9291-620: The Kodavas of the state's Kodagu district . The migrant communities include Maharashtrians , Punjabis , Rajasthanis , Gujaratis , Tamilians , Telugus , Malayalis , Odias , Sindhis , Biharis, Jharkhandis, and Bengalis . Bengaluru once had a large Anglo-Indian population, the second-largest after Kolkata . Today, there are around 10,000 Anglo-Indians in Bengaluru. Christians in Bengaluru include Tamil Christians , Mangalorean Catholics , Kannadiga Christians, Malayali Syrian Christians and Northeast Indian Christians . Muslims form
9454-591: The Modi government 's demonetisation of ₹500 and ₹1,000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series . He has called it a "tragedy" and a "disaster" that has negatively impacted the Indian economy and the lives of ordinary citizens. Gandhi has also accused the government of carrying out the policy without adequate planning and causing immense hardship to the poor and vulnerable sections of society. He said that demonetisation
9617-413: The National Students' Union of India (NSUI), positions he established and currently holds. His tenure as vice-president of the INC, established in 2013, lasted until 2016, after which the position was abolished. Subsequently, from 2017 to 2019, Gandhi served as the president of the INC , succeeding Sonia Gandhi . In December 2010, during the United States diplomatic cables leak , WikiLeaks leaked
9780-416: The Quit India movement. It was one of the major English language newspapers in India after the end of the British Raj , and occasionally published op-eds authored by Nehru. The newspaper ceased operations in 2008 for financial reasons. In 2016, it was relaunched as a digital publication. The newspaper has been linked to and controlled by members of the Indian National Congress political party. The newspaper
9943-655: The RSS and has compared them to terrorist organisations like SIMI . After the 2013 Muzaffarnagar riots at a Madhya Pradesh election rally in Indore, Gandhi claimed that a police officer told him that Pakistan's military intelligence service, ISI , was trying to recruit disgruntled riot-affected youngsters. The district administration, Uttar Pradesh state government, Union Home Ministry, Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and Intelligence Bureau (IB) denied any such development. This remark drew heavy criticism from various political outfits such as BJP, SP, CPI and JD(U). Congress's Jairam Ramesh said Gandhi needed to apologise to
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#173284421444310106-472: The Rafale fighter jet deal was "libellous and derogatory".. Rahul Gandhi Rahul Rajiv Gandhi ( Hindi pronunciation: [ˈraːɦʊl raːdʒiːʋ ˈɡaːndʱiː] ; born 19 June 1970) is an Indian politician. A member of the Indian National Congress (INC), he is currently serving as the 12th Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha and as the member of the Lok Sabha for Rae Bareli , Uttar Pradesh , since June 2024. He previously represented
10269-442: The Vijayanagara times. An apocryphal story states that the twelfth-century Hoysala king Veera Ballala II , while on a hunting expedition, lost his way in the forest. Tired and hungry, he came across a poor old woman who served him boiled beans. The grateful king named the place "Benda-Kaal-uru" (literally, "town of boiled beans"), which eventually evolved into "Bengalūru". Suryanath Kamath has put forward an explanation of
10432-522: The air quality index (AQI) of twenty stations within the city ranged from 76 to 314, suggesting heavy to severe air pollution around areas of high traffic. Bengaluru has a handful of freshwater lakes and water tanks , the largest of which are Madivala tank, Hebbal Lake , Ulsoor Lake, Yediyur Lake and Sankey Tank . However, about 90% of Bengaluru's lakes are polluted; the city government began revival and conservation efforts in December 2020. Groundwater occurs in silty to sandy layers of
10595-466: The alluvial sediments. The Peninsular Gneissic Complex (PGC) is the most dominant rock unit in the area and includes granites , gneisses and migmatites , while the soils of Bengaluru consist of red laterite and red, fine loamy to clayey soils. The city's vegetation is mostly large deciduous canopy and some coconut trees. Many trees are frequently felled to pave way for infrastructure development. Though Bengaluru has been classified as
10758-448: The assassination of Indira Gandhi by Sikhs in her personal guard on 31 October 1984, his father entered politics and became the 6th prime minister of India. Due to security threats from Sikh extremists , Gandhi and his sister Priyanka were home-schooled , taking examinations under the supervision of teachers. Spending their childhood away from media attention, Gandhi and his sister kept low profiles, appearing with their parents at only
10921-448: The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi by the LTTE during an election rally, Gandhi left St. Stephen’s and moved to Harvard University . Due to security concerns, he subsequently relocated to Rollins College in Florida . He further went on to obtain an Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Development Studies , from Trinity College , Cambridge in 1995. Following his father and former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in 1991, there
11084-616: The environmental degradation of the world and has said that unless environmental problems are made a political issue, they will not get the attention they deserve. Gandhi criticised the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) 2020 draft by calling it "dangerous" and said that its long term consequences will be harmful. Calling it a disaster, he said that it will silence the communities who will be directly impacted by environmental degradation. Gandhi while addressing All India Congress Committee (AICC) in Jaipur , called for an end to red tape and outdated laws that slow job creation. Gandhi views
11247-453: The hydroelectric plant situated in Shivanasamudra . The Indian Institute of Science was established in 1909, which subsequently played a major role in developing the city as a science research hub. In 1912, the Bangalore torpedo , an offensive explosive weapon widely used in World War I and World War II , was devised in Bengaluru by British army officer Captain McClintock of the Madras Sappers and Miners . Bengaluru's reputation as
11410-450: The labour unrest in Binny Mills due to demand by textile workers for payment of bonus resulted in lathi charging and police firing, resulting in the death of four workers, and several injuries. In July 1928, there were notable communal disturbances in Bengaluru, like when a Ganesh idol was removed from a school compound in the Sultanpet area of Bengaluru. In 1940, the first flight between Bengaluru and Mumbai took off, which placed
11573-610: The police commissioner is Pratap Reddy. Bengaluru's rapid growth has created several administrative problems relating to traffic congestion and degrading infrastructure. The unplanned nature of growth in the city resulted in massive traffic gridlocks ; a flyover system and one-way traffic systems were introduced, which were only moderately successful. A 2003 Battelle Environmental Evaluation System (BEES) evaluation of Bengaluru's physical, biological and socioeconomic parameters indicated that Bengaluru's water quality and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were close to ideal, while
11736-479: The "Garden City of India" began in 1927 with the silver jubilee celebrations of the rule of Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV . Several projects such as the construction of parks, public buildings and hospitals were instituted to improve the city. Bengaluru played an important role during the Indian independence movement . Mahatma Gandhi visited the city in 1927 and 1934 and addressed public meetings here. In 1926,
11899-511: The 15th Lok Sabha for a second term and served as a member of the Standing Committee on Human Resource Development, along with being a member of the Consultative Committee on Rural Development. In 2014, Gandhi was elected to the 16th Lok Sabha for a third term and served as a member of the Standing Committee on External Affairs , as well as a member of the Consultative Committee on Ministry of Finance and Corporate Affairs. In 2019, he
12062-576: The 19th century, Bengaluru essentially became a twin city , with the "pētē", whose residents were predominantly Kannadigas and the cantonment created by the British. Throughout the 19th century, the Cantonment gradually expanded and acquired a distinct cultural and political salience as it was governed directly by the British and was known as the Civil and Military Station of Bangalore. While it remained in
12225-509: The 2011 census of India, 79% of Bengaluru's population is Hindu , a little less than the national average . Muslims comprise 13.9% of the population, roughly the same as their national average. Christians and Jains account for 5.4% and 1.0% of the population, respectively, double that of their national averages. The city has a literacy rate of 90%. Roughly 10% of Bengaluru's population lives in slums —a relatively low proportion when compared to other cities in
12388-513: The 21st century, Bengaluru has had major terrorist attacks in 2008 , 2010 , and 2013 . Bengaluru lies in the southeast of the South Indian state of Karnataka. It is in the heart of the Mysore Plateau (a region of the larger Cretaceous Deccan Plateau ) at an average elevation of 900 m (2,953 ft). It covers an area of 741 km (286 sq mi). The majority of
12551-568: The 262 seats won in 2009. Following the defeat, Gandhi offered to resign from his positions, but his resignation was rejected by the Congress Working Committee. Gandhi led the 2019 election campaign of the Congress party. During campaign, Gandhi announced "Nyay" (Nyuntam Aay Yojana— Minimum Income Gurantee) Scheme promising Rs 6,000 each to 20 per cent poorest households to his election speeches. Gandhi also promised to fill 22 lakhs government jobs within one year coming to power at
12714-505: The 403 seats with 8.53 per cent of the vote. On 24 September 2007, Gandhi was appointed as the general secretary of the All India Congress Committee , the governing body of the Congress party, as part of a reshuffle of the party secretariat. In the same reshuffle, he was also given charge of the Indian Youth Congress and the National Students Union of India . In September 2007, Gandhi was appointed as general secretary of
12877-656: The Aigandapura complex near Hesaraghatta , Mukthi Natheshwara Temple at Binnamangala, Choleshwara Temple at Begur , Someshwara Temple at Ulsoor , date from the Chola era. In 1117, the Hoysala king Vishnuvardhana defeated the Cholas in the Battle of Talakad in south Karnataka, and extended its rule over the region. Vishnuvardhana expelled the Cholas from all parts of the Mysore state. By
13040-678: The British returned administrative control of the Bengaluru pētē to the Maharaja of Mysore and was incorporated into the Princely State of Mysore , which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj . The old pētē developed in the dominions of the Maharaja of Mysore. The Residency of Mysore State was first established in Mysore City in 1799 and later shifted to Bengaluru in 1804. It
13203-593: The Doddapētē Square—the heart of Bengaluru. Kempe Gowda I's During the Vijayanagara rule, many saints and poets referred to Bengaluru as "Devarāyanagara" and "Kalyānapura" or "Kalyānapuri" ("Auspicious City"). After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1565 in the Battle of Talikota , Kempe Gowda I declared independence. His successor, Kempe Gowda II, built four towers that marked Bengaluru's boundary. Then in 1638,
13366-500: The IYC only acquired around 10 to 15 new members per day in each assembly segment of Uttar Pradesh. After his visit, the number surged to 150 to 200 new members per day in the same regions. While serving as the general secretary of the NSUI, Gandhi played an active role in strengthening the organisation and increasing student participation in politics. Under his leadership, the NSUI initiated programs and campaigns to address issues affecting
13529-456: The India Caucus, described the removal of Gandhi from parliament as a "deep betrayal" of India’s "deepest values". A spokesperson for Germany's foreign ministry stated that Berlin had "acknowledged" the verdict and was monitoring the subsequent steps, including the possibility of an appeal and whether the "suspension of his mandate" was deemed justified. US Senator Chris Van Hollen made
13692-538: The Modi Government has been very favourable. He sees the rise of Adani as a direct consequence of crony capitalism. He said that he is not anti-business and supports fairness. Disagreeing with privatisation of PSUs , he said that Congress will not allow the privatisation if it comes to power. Citing the report on inequality by Oxfam , he said that rising economic inequality is the result of Modi Government's economic policies. Gandhi has been very critical of
13855-965: The Muslim community for this remark. In reply to the ECI's show-cause notice to explain why action should not be initiated against him for violating the Model Code of Conduct, Gandhi said that he didn't intend to exploit communal sentiments but was referring to divisive politics. On 19 April 2015 Gandhi addressed the farmer and worker's rally, named as Kisan Khet Mazdoor Rally in Ramlila Maidan . Here he made "references to his agitations in Niyamgiri in Orissa and Bhatta-Parsaul in Greater Noida in Uttar Pradesh ". The rally
14018-563: The National Herald dates back to 1998, when Shiva Publications (a partnership firm) bought rights to publishing the National Herald in Indore & Mumbai. Goyal launched the Indore edition in 2009, months after The Associated Journals decided to shut the Herald’s publication subsequent to settling dues of the staff. Designated as Chief Editor of National Herald & Global Herald Newspapers, Goyal
14181-442: The National Herald. The allegations by then-BJP leader Subramanian Swamy centered on a loan given by the Congress party to "Associated Journals Limited" (AJL), the company that owned the National Herald newspaper. Subramanian Swamy alleged that the loan, amounting to around ₹ 90 crore (equivalent to ₹ 202 crore or US$ 24 million in 2023), was not repaid. Instead, it was converted into equity, effectively transferring
14344-530: The Supreme Court of India revoked Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code , an act which criminalised homosexual sex between adults. Gandhi supported this move, stating that he believed that issues related to personal freedom should be left to the individual. He opined that it's essential to uphold the constitutional guarantee of life and liberty to all citizens of India. Gandhi has been very concerned about
14507-514: The Tamil poet Thiruvalluvar . The yatra saw Gandhi along with INC leaders, including members of Parliament and notable personalities, travelling across the country, addressing rallies, conducting public meetings, and interacting with citizens. Throughout the yatra, Gandhi focused on issues such as economic development , social justice , and inclusive governance, aiming to strengthen the party's grassroots presence and reinvigorate its political relevance on
14670-733: The Traffic Police, the City Armed Reserve, the Central Crime Branch and the City Crime Record Bureau and runs 86 police stations, including two all-women police stations. Other units within the BCP include Traffic Police, City Armed Reserve (CAR), City Special Branch (CSB), City Crime Branch (CCB) and City Crime Records Bureau (CCRB). As capital of the state of Karnataka, Bengaluru houses important state government facilities such as
14833-531: The Wayanad seat with over 60 per cent vote share. He lost his existing seat of Amethi to Smriti Irani of the BJP by a margin of 55,120 votes. Ahead of the 2024 Indian general elections , Gandhi spearheaded political initiatives, including the Bharat Jodo Yatra and the Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra , which were designed to address pressing social and economic issues facing the country. These campaigns aimed to foster unity and counter divisive politics, while also enhancing
14996-572: The Whitefield region, is the most polluted area in Bengaluru. In 2016, a study found that over 36% of diesel vehicles in the city exceed the national limit for emissions. Anil Kumar, Commissioner of the BBMP, said: "The deteriorating air quality in cities and its impact on public health is an area of growing concern for city authorities. While much is already being done about collecting and monitoring air quality data, little focus has been given on managing
15159-543: The area. The new centre had its own municipal and administrative apparatus, though technically it was a British enclave within the territory of the Wodeyar Kings of the Princely State of Mysore . Two important developments which contributed to the rapid growth of the city, include the introduction of telegraph connections to all major Indian cities in 1853 and a rail connection to Madras (now Chennai), in 1864. In
15322-566: The board of Young Indian Company denied of such movement and mentioned that it is a not-for-profit company and cannot have any profitable business. In March 2016, The Associated Journals Ltd. decided to revive the media outlet in digital form. On 1 October 2016, it announced the appointment of Neelabh Mishra as the Editor in Chief of the National Herald Group. On 14 November 2016, an English website
15485-548: The building of the Lal Bagh Botanical Gardens in 1760. Under them, Bengaluru developed into a commercial and military centre of strategic importance. The Bengaluru fort was captured by British forces under Lord Cornwallis on 21 March 1791 during the Third Anglo-Mysore War and formed a centre for British resistance against Tipu Sultan. Following Tipu's death in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799),
15648-763: The city and 10,456,000 in the urban agglomeration, up from 8.5 million at the 2011 census. It is the third most populous city in India, the 18th most populous city in the world and the fifth most populous urban agglomeration in India. With a growth rate of 38% during the decade, Bengaluru was the fastest-growing Indian metropolis after New Delhi between 1991 and 2001. Residents of Bengaluru are referred to as "Bangaloreans" in English, Bengaloorinavaru or Bengaloorigaru in Kannada and Banglori in Hindi or Urdu . People from other states have migrated to Bengaluru to study or work there as well. According to
15811-498: The city and connects with five sewage treatment centres located in the city's periphery. In the 16th century, Kempe Gowda I constructed many lakes to meet the town's water requirements. The Kempambudhi Kere, since overrun by modern development, was prominent among those lakes. In the first half of the 20th century, the Nandi Hills waterworks were commissioned by Sir Mirza Ismail ( Diwan of Mysore, 1926–41 CE) to provide
15974-588: The city of Bengaluru lies in the Bangalore Urban district of Karnataka and the surrounding rural areas are a part of the Bangalore Rural district . The Government of Karnataka has carved out the new district of Ramanagara from the old Bangalore Rural district. Bengaluru's topography is generally flat, although the western parts of the city are hilly. The highest point is Vidyaranyapura Doddabettahalli , 962 m (3,156 ft) above sea level, situated to
16137-570: The city on India's urban map. After India's independence in August 1947, Bengaluru remained in the newly carved Mysore State of which the Maharaja of Mysore was the Rajapramukh (appointed governor). The "City Improvement Trust" was formed in 1945, and in 1949, the "City" and the "Cantonment" merged to form the Bangalore City Corporation . The Government of Karnataka later constituted
16300-453: The city's socioeconomic parameters (traffic, quality of life ) air quality and noise pollution were poor. The BBMP works in conjunction with the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) and the Agenda for Bangalore's Infrastructure and Development Task Force (ABIDe) to design and implement civic and infrastructural projects. The Bengaluru City Police (BCP) has seven geographic zones, includes
16463-415: The city. The presence of numerous notable sporting arenas in Bengaluru makes it one of the country's sporting hubs. Bangalore is an anglicised version of the city's Kannada name Bengalūru . It was the name of a village near Kodigehalli in Bengaluru city today and was used by Kempe Gowda to name the city as Bengalūru at the time of its foundation in 1537. The earliest reference to the name "Bengalūru"
16626-530: The constituency of Wayanad , Kerala , from 2019 to 2024, and Amethi , Uttar Pradesh , from 2004 to 2019. Gandhi served as the party president of the Indian National Congress from December 2017 to July 2019 and is the chairperson of the Indian Youth Congress , the National Students Union of India , and a trustee of the Rajiv Gandhi Foundation and Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust . He is
16789-490: The country who converted Bengaluru's large plots and colonial bungalows into multi-storied apartments. In 1985, Texas Instruments became the first multinational corporation to set up base in Bengaluru. Other information technology companies followed suit and by the end of the 20th century, Bengaluru had established itself as the Silicon Valley of India . Today, Bengaluru is India's third most populous city. During
16952-520: The court that he did not intend to defame any community. On 23 March 2023, Gandhi was convicted and sentenced to two years' imprisonment under charges of defamation. The day following the conviction, Utpal Kumar Singh , the Lok Sabha Secretary General , announced that Rahul Gandhi would be disqualified as a member of parliament representing the Wayanad constituency, effective from 23 March,
17115-559: The current boundaries, and in 1986, the Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority , was established to co-ordinate the development of the entire region as a single unit. On 8 February 1981, a major fire broke out at Venus Circus in Bengaluru, where more than 92 people died, the majority of them children. Bengaluru experienced a growth in its real estate market in the 1980s and 1990s, spurred by capital investors from other parts of
17278-510: The date of his conviction. The Secretary General further said that this action was taken under Section 8 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 (RPA), which deals with the disqualification of convicted representatives in India. Gandhi's lawyer Abhishek Manu Singhvi appealed at the higher court and secured a one-month stay on the sentence. On 5 August, the Supreme Court of India issued
17441-585: The day of the Modi government's first anniversary, Gandhi commented at a rally in Kozhikode " Unfortunately, birthday celebrations is only for a few powerful friends of the government. Kisan, farmers and mazdoor have nothing to celebrate. " "India will be truly successful only when women occupy equal space in our society. They must take their rightful place in politics and shape India's destiny." Gandhi's remarks on Women empowerment. Gandhi has spoken publicly about
17604-533: The developing world such as Mumbai (50%) and Nairobi (60%). The 2008 National Crime Records Bureau statistics indicate that Bengaluru accounts for 8.5% of the total crimes reported from 35 major cities in India which is an increase in the crime rate when compared to the number of crimes fifteen years ago. In the Ease of Living Index 2020 ( published by the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs ), it
17767-483: The directors of the firm. Subsequently, he founded BackOps UK, a company that secured defence contracts from foreign suppliers. In March 2004, Gandhi announced his entry into politics by declaring that he would contest the 14th general elections from his father's former constituency of Amethi in Uttar Pradesh for the Lok Sabha , India's lower house of parliament. His mother had held the seat until she transferred to
17930-431: The economic policies of Modi Government as fundamentally to benefit the 2-3 billionaires and has described them as crony capitalists . Calling the "crony capitalists" as best friends of Modi, he has been critical of the privatisation of government assets. He is of the view that RSS and crony capitalists are colluding to control India. He has been specifically harsh on Indian billionaire Gautam Adani , to whom he said
18093-454: The elected members of the council. Elections to the BBMP were held on 28 March 2010, after a gap of three and a half years since the expiry of the previous elected body's term, and the Bharatiya Janata Party was voted into power – the first time it had ever won a civic poll in the city. Indian National Congress councillor Sampath Raj became the city's mayor in September 2017;
18256-451: The election campaign of the Indian National Congress. Gandhi retained the Amethi seat by defeating his nearest rival, BJP's Smriti Irani , by a margin of 107,000 votes. However, the Congress party suffered a massive defeat, winning only 44 seats—its worst performance ever in the Lok Sabha elections. The UPA also had its worst-ever performance in elections and won only 59 seats, compared to
18419-605: The end of the 13th century, Bengaluru became a source of contention between two warring cousins, the Hoysala ruler Veera Ballala III of Halebidu and Ramanatha, who administered from the Hoysala held territory in Tamil Nadu. Veera Ballala III had appointed a civic head at Hudi (now within Bangalore Municipal Corporation limits), thus promoting the village to the status of a town. After Veera Ballala III's death in 1343,
18582-440: The first majority the party had won won by itself since 2018. In the subsequent elections in Karnataka and Telangana in 2023, the Congress party achieved a landslide victory, marked by an increase in both the party's vote share and the number of seats compared to the previous elections in the constituencies through which the march had passed. From 14 January to 20 March 2024, Gandhi led a second yatra across India from east to west,
18745-503: The government as a "suit-boot government", a reference to Modi's monogrammed suit which he wore in the Republic Day meeting with Barack Obama . Moreover, he used the "acche din government" jibe (which was Modi's election campaign slogan meaning "good days government") and mentioned that it had "failed the country". A land bill was introduced by the BJP government in the parliament in May which
18908-468: The impacts that bad air quality is having on the health of citizens." According to a 2012 report submitted to the World Bank by Karnataka Slum Clearance Board, Bengaluru had 862 slums out of around 2000 slums in all of Karnataka. 42% of the households migrated from different parts of India like Chennai , Hyderabad and most of North India , and 43% of the households had remained in
19071-506: The importance of women's empowerment and gender equality in India. While inaugurating 'Utsaah', a Kerala Mahila Congress convention in Kochi, Gandhi stated that the Congress party would actively promote women within its organizational structure and set a target to have 50 per cent of women as chief ministers within the next 10 years. Gandhi initiated the Self-Help Groups amongthe women in
19234-604: The loan given to AJL was illegal, as it had been taken from party funds. The case went through various legal proceedings, including hearings in lower courts and the Delhi High Court. In December 2015, the Delhi High Court dismissed the appeals of Sonia Gandhi and five others, ordering them to appear in person before the trial court. In 2015, the Supreme Court of India instructed Swamy to present arguments for expediting
19397-451: The maharaja. In 1809, the British shifted their cantonment to Bengaluru, outside the old city, and a town grew up around it. Following India's independence in 1947, Bengaluru became the capital of Mysore State , and remained the capital when the state was enlarged and unified in 1956 and renamed Karnataka in 1973. The two urban settlements of Bengaluru, the town and the cantonment, which had developed as independent entities, merged into
19560-427: The massive investments required to reverse the rapid decline in city transport, driving new and expanding businesses elsewhere in India. Bengaluru is a hub for Indian biotechnology -related industry and in 2005 was home to around 47% of the 265 biotechnology companies in India, including Biocon , India's largest biotechnology company, giving Bengaluru the nickname of the "Biotech Capital of India". Bengaluru
19723-417: The member of the Standing Committee on Human Resource Development . Gandhi and his sister, Priyanka, managed their mother's campaign for re-election to Raebareilly in 2006, which was won with a margin of over 400,000 votes. He was a prominent figure in the Congress campaign for the 2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election ; Congress did not perform well in those elections, winning only 22 seats of
19886-405: The national stage. The yatra concluded on 29 January 2023 with the unfurling of the tricolour flag at Lal Chowk , Srinagar ; it lasted 137 days, covering 4,080 kilometres (2,540 miles) over nearly five months across 12 states and two union territories. During the yatra, the INC elected a new party president and also won a majority in the 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election ,
20049-494: The neighbouring constituency of Raebareli . When Gandhi made this announcement, it came as a surprise to political commentators, who had perceived his sister Priyanka Gandhi as the more charismatic and probable successor. It generated speculation that the presence of a young member of India's most famous political family would reinvigorate the Congress party's political fortunes among India's youthful population. In his first interview with foreign media, Gandhi portrayed himself as
20212-710: The next empire to rule the region was the Vijayanagara Empire , which itself saw the rise of four dynasties, the Sangamas (1336–1485), the Saluvas (1485–1491), the Tuluvas (1491–1565), and the Aravidu (1565–1646). During the reign of the Vijayanagara Empire, Achyuta Deva Raya of the Tuluva dynasty raised the Shivasamudra Dam across the Arkavati river at Hesaraghatta , whose reservoir
20375-499: The northeast and the southwest monsoons , and the wettest months is September, followed by October and August. The summer heat is moderated by fairly frequent thunderstorms , which occasionally cause power outages and local flooding. Most of the rainfall occurs during the late afternoon or evening and rain before noon is infrequent. November 2015 (290.4 mm) was recorded as one of the wettest months in Bengaluru with heavy rains causing severe flooding in some areas, and closure of
20538-585: The northwest of the city. No major rivers run through the city, although the Arkavathi and South Pennar cross paths at the Nandi Hills , 60 km (37 mi) to the north. River Vrishabhavathi , a minor tributary of the Arkavathi, arises within the city at Basavanagudi and flows through the city. The rivers Arkavathi and Vrishabhavathi together carry much of Bengaluru's sewage . A sewerage system, constructed in 1922, covers 215 km (83 sq mi) of
20701-422: The ownership of AJL to a new company called "Young India Ltd" (YIL), in which Sonia Gandhi hold 76 per cent of the company's shares, and the remaining 24 per cent are held by Congress leaders Motilal Vora and Oscar Fernandes. As per Swamy, YIL only paid ₹ 54 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 1.2 crore or US$ 150,000 in 2023) to get back ₹90 crore that Associated AJL owed to the Congress party. He also alleged that
20864-422: The paper's Managing Director, helping restore its financial health. From 1946 to 1978, Manikonda Chalapathi Rau served as its editor. Nehru had served as the paper's international correspondent for a while and after becoming Prime Minister was able to use the paper to espouse unpopular views and to sidestep the press corps in conveying his thoughts on various issues to the reading public as in 1954 when he wrote
21027-475: The paper's editorial (of its sole remaining edition, New Delhi) announced that it was temporarily suspending operations. The paper had failed to modernise its print technology and had not computerised at the time of suspending operations and had been making losses for several years owing to lack of advertising revenues and overstaffing. At the time of its closure T V Venkitachalam was its editor-in-chief. Mumbai based businessman Vishnu Goyal said his involvement with
21190-401: The party's vision and agenda for the country. He specifically focused on issues such as rural development, education, employment, and women's empowerment. Gandhi, also emphasised the importance of youth participation in politics and urged them to be more involved in shaping the country's future. The nationwide elections defied the predictions made by pre-poll predictions and exit polls and gave
21353-539: The policy was implemented without proper consultation with experts or the opposition parties . Gandhi further asserted that, demonetisation caused significant disruption to farmers, and rendered millions jobless in small and medium-sized businesses, and workers in the informal sector. Bengaluru Bengaluru ( Kannada: [ˈbeŋɡɐɭuːɾu] ; ISO : Beṁgaḷūru ), formerly called Bangalore in English ( / ˈ b æ ŋ ɡ ə l ɔːr , ˌ b æ ŋ ɡ ə ˈ l ɔː r / BANG -gə-lor, - LOR ),
21516-566: The princely territory of Mysore, Cantonment had a large military presence and a cosmopolitan civilian population that came from outside the princely state of Mysore, including British and Anglo-Indians army officers. Bengaluru was hit by a plague epidemic in 1898 that claimed nearly 3,500 lives. The crisis caused by the outbreak catalysed the city's sanitation process. Telephone lines were laid to help co-ordinate anti-plague operations. Regulations for building new houses with proper sanitation facilities came into effect. A health officer
21679-552: The region was involved in trans-oceanic trade with the Romans and other civilisations in 27 BCE. The region of modern-day Bengaluru was part of several successive South Indian kingdoms. Between the fourth and tenth centuries, the region was ruled by the Western Ganga dynasty of Karnataka, the first dynasty to set up effective control over the region. According to Edgar Thurston , there were twenty-eight kings who ruled Gangavadi from
21842-534: The reign of Raja Raja Chola I , the Cholas defeated the Western Gangas under the command of the crown prince Rajendra Chola I , and captured Bengaluru. During this period, the Bengaluru region witnessed the migration of many groups—warriors, administrators, traders, artisans, pastorals, cultivators, and religious personnel from Tamil Nadu and other Kannada-speaking regions. The Chokkanathaswamy temple at Domlur ,
22005-452: The slums for over 10 years. The Karnataka Municipality works to shift 300 families annually to newly constructed buildings. One-third of these slum clearance projects lacked basic service connections, 60% of slum dwellers lacked complete water supply lines and shared BWSSB water supply. Ιn 2012, Bengaluru generated 2.1 million tonnes of Municipal Solid Waste , or 194.3 kilograms per person. Waste management in Karnataka
22168-474: The sports quota, which granted a 10 per cent advantage in exam scores to promising athletes; per National Rifle Association of India testimonials, Gandhi stood 4th in the 32nd National Shooting Competition held in New Delhi from 26 December 1988 to 5 January 1989. Gandhi had finished fourth in the Centre Fire Pistol 25 M (Indian Rule) Men’s civilian event with a score of 371 out of 400 points. By July 1989, Gandhi had won eight national awards. In 1991, following
22331-449: The start of the Christian era until its conquest by the Cholas. The Western Gangas ruled the region initially as a sovereign power (350–550 CE), and later as feudatories of the Chalukyas of Badami , followed by the Rashtrakutas until the tenth century. The Begur Nageshwara Temple was commissioned around 860, during the reign of the Western Ganga King Ereganga Nitimarga I, and extended by his successor Nitimarga II. Around 1004, during
22494-472: The student community, such as the quality of education, employment opportunities, and social justice. Gandhi also advocated for greater student representation in decision-making processes and supported student leaders in their endeavours. For the 2009 Indian general election , Gandhi campaigned across India covering 22 states and 107 constituencies . His campaigning included addressing public rallies and meetings, interacting with voters, and highlighting
22657-436: The then ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore for three lakh rupees. After the death of Krishnaraja Wodeyar II in 1759, Hyder Ali , Commander-in-Chief of the Mysore Army, proclaimed himself the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. Hyder Ali is credited with building the Delhi and Mysore gates at the northern and southern ends of the city in 1760. The kingdom later passed to Hyder Ali's son Tipu Sultan . Hyder and Tipu directed
22820-421: The trial in the high court. Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi were granted bail by the trial court on 19 December 2015. Subsequently, in 2016, the Supreme Court exempted all five accused individuals (including the Gandhis, Motilal Vora, Oscar Fernandes, and Suman Dubey) from personally attending court hearings but declined to dismiss the ongoing legal proceedings against them. In December 2020, the Delhi court dismissed
22983-442: The villages of Amethi . The primary focus of this scheme was to bring women together and empower them with information and decision making capabilities. He has called for increased representation of women in politics and for the eradication of gender-based violence. Under the second Manmohan Singh ministry , a Women's Reservation Bill to require that a third of Lok Sabha and state legislative assembly seats be reserved for women
23146-416: The visibility of the Indian National Congress (INC) among voters. The INC secured 99 seats in the elections, representing an improvement from previous electoral performances and allowing the party to reclaim the status of Official Opposition for the first time in ten years. In the elections, Gandhi successfully won the Rae Bareli constituency, succeeding his mother, Sonia Gandhi . Following this victory, he
23309-406: The vote was boycotted by the BJP . In September 2018, Indian National Congress councillor Gangambike Mallikarjun was elected as mayor, replacing Sampath Raj . In 2019 BJP 's M Goutham Kumar took charge as mayor. On 10 September 2020, the term of the BBMP council ended and Gaurav Gupta was appointed as the administrator of BBMP. The municipal commissioner of Bengaluru is Tushar Giri Nath, and
23472-570: Was a bigger threat to India, dividing the people of the country on communal grounds. Speaking to reporters, Prasad said, "In one stroke Mr. Rahul Gandhi has sought to give a big leverage to the propaganda to all the extremist and terrorist groups in Pakistan and also some segments of the Pakistani establishment. It would also seriously compromise India's fight against terror as also our strategic security." Adding that terrorism has no religion, he claimed that Rahul Gandhi had shown his lack of understanding India. Gandhi has also been critical of groups like
23635-466: Was a campaign organised by the Congress party spanning from 2022 to 2023 with the stated primary objective of promoting national unity and solidarity across the various regions of India. It aimed to mobilise support for the INC and its ideology, emphasising themes of patriotism, cultural heritage, and development. Gandhi started the initiative on 7 September 2022 at Kanyakumari after paying tributes to his late father Rajiv Gandhi , Swami Vivekananda , and
23798-521: Was a heightened threat perception to the family, those closest to Gandhi were paranoid about his safety and might have forced him to take cover under the misleading surname "Vinci". After completing higher education, Gandhi worked at the Monitor Group , a management consulting firm set up by Michael Porter of Harvard Business School , in London for three years. In 2002, he returned to India and established his technology consultancy , Backops Services Private Ltd, in Mumbai , where he served as one of
23961-444: Was abolished in 1843, only to be revived in 1881 at Bengaluru and closed down permanently in 1947, with Indian independence . The British found Bengaluru to be a pleasant and appropriate place to station their garrison and therefore moved their cantonment to Bengaluru from Seringapatam in 1809 near Ulsoor , about 6 km (4 mi) northeast of the city. A town grew up around the cantonment, by absorbing several villages in
24124-433: Was an early editor of the newspaper and until his appointment as Prime Minister was the Chairman of the Herald's Board of Directors. In 1938, Kotamraju Rama Rao was appointed the paper's first editor. Following the Quit India Resolution of August 1942, the British Raj clamped down on the Indian press and the paper was shut between 1942 and 1945. The Herald reopened in 1945 and from 1946 to 1950, Feroze Gandhi served as
24287-464: Was appointed and the city divided into four wards for better co-ordination. Victoria Hospital was inaugurated in 1900 by Lord Curzon , the then Governor-General of British India . New extensions in Malleswaram and Basavanagudi were developed in the north and south of the pētē. In 1903, motor vehicles came to be introduced in Bengaluru. In 1906, Bengaluru became one of the first cities in India to have electricity from hydro power , powered by
24450-510: Was attended by 100,000 people. In the speech he gave, he criticised the Indian prime minister Narendra Modi about his comment in Toronto where he said that he was "cleaning the mess created by previous governments". He also said, "Do you know how Modi won the election?... He borrowed thousands of crores from industrialists for his several campaigns and advertisements. How will he pay them back? He will pay them back with your land. He will give your land to his industrialist friends." He razzed
24613-447: Was born on 19 June 1970 at Holy Family Hospital in Delhi . He was the first of two children born to Rajiv Gandhi , who later served as the 6th prime minister of India, and Sonia Gandhi , who went on to become the president of the Indian National Congress . As the grandson of former prime minister Indira Gandhi , his lineage is deeply rooted in Indian political history. His paternal grandfather, Feroze Gandhi , hailed from Gujarat and
24776-499: Was closed due to technical reasons. Nonetheless, Swamy wrote to prime minister Narendra Modi expressing his suspicions about ED Director Ranjan Katoch. Subsequently, in 2015, Katoch was replaced, and the case was reopened. In December 2015, the Patiala court granted bail to the five individuals accused in the case. The Congress party objected to Swamy's complaint to the complaint, labelling it as “ vindictive politics ”. The Bharat Jodo Yatra , which translates to "Unify India March,"
24939-401: Was criticised by the opposition parties. Accusing the government of "murdering" UPA 's land bill, Gandhi promised to prevent the bill from being passed, if not in the parliament then would "stop you [ BJP government] on streets". He further accused the government of diluting the bill and called it "anti-farmer". Gandhi also drew a parallel between "daylight robbery" and the bill. On 26 May,
25102-399: Was elected to the 17th Lok Sabha for a fourth term and served as a member of the Standing Committee on Defence , as well as a member of the Consultative Committee for the Ministry of External Affairs. Between 2008 and 2013, Gandhi assumed the role of general secretary within the Indian National Congress (INC). Since 2007, Gandhi has been the chairperson of both the Indian Youth Congress and
25265-461: Was filed by Purnesh Modi , a Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) MLA from Surat West . He alleged that Gandhi had defamed all individuals with the surname Modi. On 16 July 2019, the Surat court excused Gandhi from appearing personally in court due to short notice. On 10 October, he pleaded not guilty in the Surat Court, recording his statements and responding to questions here on 24 June 2021, and again on 29 October. During these appearances, he clarified to
25428-423: Was found in a ninth-century Western Ganga dynasty stone inscription on a vīra gallu (Kannada: ವೀರಗಲ್ಲು ; lit. ' hero stone ' , a rock edict extolling the virtues of a warrior). According to an Old Kannada inscription found in Begur , "Bengalūrū" was the place of a battle in 890 CE . It was also referred to as "Kalyānapura" or "Kalyānapuri" ("Auspicious City") and "Dēvarāyanagara" during
25591-548: Was introduced in the Rajya Sabha . Gandhi backed the bill, stating, "Women do not need any protection. If you give them their rights, they can protect themselves". This bill passed the Rajya Sabha on 9 March 2010, but it never received a vote in the Lok Sabha and eventually lapsed due to its pending status. In 2019, while addressing students in Chennai , Gandhi again called for 33 per cent reservation of all parliamentary Lok Sabha and state legislative assembly seats for women, as well as government jobs. On 6 September 2018,
25754-520: Was launched on 1 July 2017, by the then President of India Pranab Mukherjee . The National Herald corruption case is an ongoing case in a Delhi court filed by Indian economist and politician Subramanian Swamy against politicians Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi , their companies and associated persons. As per the complaint filed in the court of the Metropolitan Magistrate, Associated Journals Limited (AJL) took an interest-free loan of ₹ 90.25 crore (US$ 11 million) from Indian National Congress . It
25917-429: Was launched. Simultaneously, it also announced that the print publications under suspension, namely National Herald in English, Navjivan in Hindi and Quami Awaz in Urdu, would be revived in due course. In its press release dated 14 November 2016 the National Herald group pledged its commitment to furthering the editorial vision and principles of its founder Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and India’s Freedom Movement – that of building
26080-589: Was nominated as the Leader of the Opposition in Parliament , reinforcing his role as a prominent figure within the party and the opposition landscape. The National Herald case revolves around allegations of financial irregularities and misuse of funds related to the National Herald newspaper. The case garnered attention when former BJP leader Subramanian Swamy filed a complaint accusing Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi, and five other Congress party leaders— Motilal Vora , Oscar Fernandes , Suman Dubey, and Satyan Pitroda —of cheating and misappropriating funds associated with
26243-521: Was of Parsi descent. Furthermore, he is the great-grandson of India's inaugural prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru . Gandhi completed his elementary education at St. Columba's School in New Delhi. He then attended The Doon School in Dehradun (an elite all-boys' boarding school, also the alma mater of his father, Rajiv Gandhi ) from 1981 to 1983. At Doon, Gandhi's contemporaries were the former Congress, now- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) politicians Jyotiraditya Scindia and Jitin Prasada . Following
26406-498: Was ranked the most livable Indian city with a population of over a million. Bengaluru has the same major urbanisation problems seen in many fast-growing cities in developing countries: rapidly escalating social inequality, mass displacement and dispossession, the proliferation of slum settlements, and epidemic public health crisis due to severe water shortage and sewage problems in poor and working-class neighbourhoods. Languages of Bengaluru (2011) The official language of Bengaluru
26569-435: Was restricted by rules made by the Emperor, who feared the potential power of Kempe Gowda and did not allow a stone fort. Kempe Gowda referred to the new town as his " gandubhūmi " or "Land of Heroes". Within the fort, the town was divided into smaller divisions, each called a pētē ( Kannada pronunciation: [peːteː] ). The town had two main streets—Chikkapētē Street and Doddapētē Street. Their intersection formed
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