79-779: Mountain Lake is a freshwater lake located in Giles County near Newport, Virginia in the United States . Along with Lake Drummond in the Great Dismal Swamp , it is one of only two natural lakes in Virginia . It was originally known as Salt Pond, as it was where cattle were given salt. The area is within the Mountain Lake Wilderness Cluster . Mountain Lake typically covers about 50 acres (200,000 m), and its level
158-430: A 15-year lease, after which the ownership of the cottages returned to the hotel. During their individual ownership, these guests also received discounts on their meals and maid service. Presently, most of the original cottage names that were established by the original owners/builders over 100 years ago are still in use. In the 1930s, William Lewis Moody, Jr. of Galveston, Texas bought the hotel. In 1938, Moody replaced
237-531: A combined enrollment of 2425 as of mid 2014. The county and its courthouse are the setting of the 2013 Wish You Well (film) . 37°19′N 80°42′W / 37.32°N 80.70°W / 37.32; -80.70 George Crook George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars . He
316-727: A corps in that unit. Although Crook's force kept its official designation as the Army of West Virginia , it was often referred to as the VIII Corps. The official VIII Corps of the Union Army was led by Lew Wallace during this time and its troops were on duty in Maryland and Northern Virginia. Crook led his corps in the Valley Campaigns of 1864 at the battles of Opequon (Third Winchester), Fisher's Hill , and Cedar Creek . On October 21, 1864, he
395-623: A fictional mountain retreat in the Catskill Mountains of upstate New York . Like Kellerman's, the real Mountain Lake Hotel Resort also offers many indoor and outdoor activities for guests such as games like table tennis and billiards, water activities like paddle boating, canoeing, and fishing, and dry activities like mountain biking and hiking. The other site was the 1927 Lake Lure Inn located in Lake Lure, North Carolina . In addition to
474-410: A household in the county was $ 45,231, and the median income for a family was $ 53,750. Males had a median income of $ 41,521 versus $ 36,886 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 23,766. About 6.60% of families (2000 census) and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line (2012), including 17.70% of those under age 18 (2012)and 10.50% of those age 65 or over (2000 census). Giles
553-706: A lifelong friendship with one of his subordinates, Col. Rutherford B. Hayes of the 23rd Ohio Infantry . Following Antietam, General Crook assumed command of the Kanawha Division. His division was detached from the IX Corps for duty in the Department of the Ohio. Before long Crook was assigned to command an infantry brigade in the Army of the Cumberland . This brigade became the 3rd Brigade, 4th Division, XIV Corps , which he led at
632-562: A pond status, and remained mostly or completely dry until refilling in 2020. During this time, the remains of Samuel Ira Felder were discovered in the bottom of the lake. He drowned in July 1921 when he fell overboard while canoeing with friends. Mountain Lake Hotel was the site for much of the on-location filming of the 1987 hit movie Dirty Dancing which starred Patrick Swayze and Jennifer Grey . The Stone Lodge stood in for "Kellerman's Resort",
711-480: A project that has been ongoing since 1988. MLBS was the summer home of American author Edna Henry Lee Turpin (1867–1952). The Mountain Lake Conservancy (formerly known as 'Wilderness Conservancy at Mountain Lake') is a non-profit organization founded to help manage and protect the 2,600 acres (11 km) of Mountain Lake property around Mountain Lake Hotel, and to provide environmental and cultural education for
790-428: A quick march. Each man was to carry only 1 blanket, 100 rounds of ammunition, and 4 days' rations. The wagon train would be left at Goose Creek, and the infantry would be mounted on the pack mules. On 17 June, Crook's column set out at 0600, marching northward along the south fork of Rosebud Creek. The Crow and Shoshone scouts were particularly apprehensive. Although the column had not yet encountered any sign of Indians,
869-642: A severe cold wave in January 1985, Mountain Lake set the statewide record low for Virginia: −30 °F (−34 °C). Salt Pond had been frequented throughout the early part of the 19th century and prior, then in March 1856, Henley Chapman incorporated the Mountain Lake Co. to provide accommodations and entertainment for its visitors. Soon afterward, a wooden hotel and a saw mill were built. Stagecoach travelers from Christiansburg, Virginia and Union, West Virginia were
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#1732937400562948-584: Is best known for commanding U.S. forces in the 1886 campaign that led to the defeat of the Apache leader Geronimo . As a result, the Apache nicknamed Crook Nantan Lupan , which means "Chief Wolf." Crook was born to Thomas and Elizabeth Matthews Crook on a farm near Taylorsville, Ohio . Nominated to the United States Military Academy by Congressman Robert Schenck , he graduated in 1852, ranking near
1027-606: Is named for William Branch Giles who was born in Amelia County in 1762. Giles became a lawyer and from there was elected to the United States House of Representatives where he served from 1790 to 1815. He also served in the Virginia General Assembly from 1816 to 1822. In 1827, he was elected Governor. In all, he served his nation and state around a total of forty years. According to the U.S. Census Bureau ,
1106-592: Is open from early May to late November and operated by 1859 Historic Hotels Inc., a hotel management company controlled by the Moody Foundation , an entity separate from the Mary Moody Northen Endowment. In the early 21st century, the lake levels diminished due to a prolonged drought in Southwest Virginia and the geology that makes up the bottom of the lake. In October 2008, the lake receded to
1185-519: Is represented by Democrat John S. Edwards in the Virginia Senate, Republican Jason Ballard in the Virginia House of Delegates, and Republican H. Morgan Griffith in the U.S. House of Representatives. The Giles County Sheriff's Department patrols and investigates crimes in the county. It also serves process, provides security for the county court, and operates the county's E-911 service. Since
1264-559: Is the site of two of the highest mountain peaks of Virginia . As of the census of 2010, there were 17,286 people, 7,215 households, and 4,899 families residing in the county. The population density was 48 people per square mile (19 people/km ). There were 8,319 housing units at an average density of 23 units per square mile (8.9 units/km ). The racial makeup of the county was 96.74% White , 1.51% Black or African American , 0.12% Native American , 0.32% Asian , 0.36% from other races , and 0.95% from two or more races. 1.21% of
1343-615: The Battle of Hoover's Gap . In July he assumed command of the 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps in the Army of the Cumberland. He fought at the battle of Chickamauga and was in pursuit of Joseph Wheeler during the Chattanooga Campaign . In February 1864, Crook returned to command the Kanawha Division, which was now officially designated the 3rd Division of the Department of West Virginia . To open
1422-569: The Blacksburg - Christiansburg , VA Metropolitan Statistical Area . Giles County is the location of Mountain Lake , one of only two natural fresh water lakes in Virginia. The lake drains into Little Stony Creek, which passes over a waterfall known as The Cascades before reaching the New River . Giles County was established in 1806 from Montgomery , Monroe , Wythe , and Tazewell counties. The county
1501-662: The Northern Paiute used the fall, winter and spring seasons to gather food, so he adopted the tactic recommended by a predecessor George B. Currey to attack during the winter. Crook had his cavalry approach the Paiute on foot in attack at their winter camp. As the soldiers drew them in, Crook had them remount; they defeated the Paiute and recovered some stolen livestock. Crook used Indian scouts as troops as well as to spot enemy encampments. While campaigning in Eastern Oregon during
1580-848: The Pacific Northwest . In 1867, he was appointed head of the Department of the Columbia . Crook successfully campaigned against the Snake Indians in the 1864–68 Snake War , where he won nationwide recognition. Crook had fought Indians in Oregon before the Civil War. He was assigned to the Pacific Northwest to use new tactics in this war, which had been waged for several years. Crook arrived in Boise to take command on December 11, 1866. The general noticed that
1659-532: The Second Battle of Kernstown . Nevertheless, he was appointed as a replacement for David Hunter in command of the Department of West Virginia the following day. However Crook did not assume command until August 9. Along with the title of his department Crook added "Army of West Virginia." Crook's army was soon absorbed into Philip H. Sheridan 's Army of the Shenandoah and for all practical purposes functioned as
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#17329374005621738-502: The Sierra Madre Mountains about 86 miles (138 km) from Fort Bowie . During the three days of negotiations, photographer C. S. Fly took about 15 exposures of the Apache on 8 by 10 inches (200 by 250 mm) glass negatives. One of the pictures of Geronimo with two of his sons standing alongside was made at Geronimo's request. Fly's images are the only existing photographs of Geronimo's surrender. His photos of Geronimo and
1817-426: The battle of Dinwiddie Court House . He later took a prominent role in the battles of Five Forks , Amelia Springs , Sayler's Creek and Appomattox Court House . At the end of the Civil War, George Crook received a brevet as major general in the regular army, but reverted to the permanent rank of major . Only days later, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel , serving with the 23rd Infantry on frontier duty in
1896-630: The 3rd Brigade in the District of the Kanawha where he was wounded in a small fight at Lewisburg . Crook returned to command his regiment during the Northern Virginia Campaign . He and his regiment were part of John Pope's headquarters escort at the Second Battle of Bull Run . After the Union Army's defeat at Second Bull Run, Crook and his regiment were attached to the Kanawha Division at
1975-520: The Army, were imprisoned along with the hostile warriors. He sent numerous telegrams protesting their arrest to Washington. They, along with most of Geronimo's band, were forced to spend the next 26 years in captivity at the fort in Florida before they were finally released.) After years of campaigning in the Indian Wars , Crook won steady promotion back up the ranks to the permanent grade of Major General. President Grover Cleveland placed him in command of
2054-554: The Bighorn and Yellowstone Expedition at Fort Fetterman . Crook had gathered a strong force from his Department of the Platte. Leaving Fort Fetterman on 29 May, the 1,051-man column consisted of 15 companies from the 2d and 3d Cavalry, 5 companies from the 4th and 9th Infantry, 250 mules, and 106 wagons. On 14 June, the column was joined by 261 Shoshone and Crow allies. Based on intelligence reports, Crook ordered his entire force to prepare for
2133-603: The Civil War, the hotel and its properties were sold to General and Mrs. Herman Haupt . Haupt had been head of the United States Military Railroad during the War. During their first year of ownership, though not operating publicly, the Haupts received compensation from some of their guests for the accommodations provided, prompting Giles County to require them to purchase a hotel license. Subsequently, they decided to re-open
2212-515: The Confederate commander might not soon move against Crook with a vastly superior force. Having accomplished the major part of his mission, destruction of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad , Crook turned his men north and after another hard march, reached the Union base at Meadow Bluff, West Virginia. That July Crook assumed command of a small force called the Army of the Kanawha. Crook was defeated at
2291-506: The Elder on September 9, 1876. The well-stocked village was attacked and looted in the Battle of Slim Buttes . Crazy Horse led a counter-attack against Crook the next day, but was repulsed by Crook's superior numbers. In 1879, Crook spoke on behalf of the Ponca tribe and Native American rights during the trial of Standing Bear v. Crook . The federal judge affirmed that Standing Bear had some of
2370-590: The General returned to his post. Historians debate whether Crook's pressing on could have prevented the killing of the five companies of the 7th Cavalry Regiment led by George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn . After the disaster at the Little Bighorn, the U.S. Congress authorized funds to reinforce the Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition. Determined to demonstrate the willingness and capability of
2449-653: The Mountain Lake Hotel resort complex, the Mountain Lake Biological Station (MLBS), a field research and teaching station of the Biology Department at the University of Virginia originally established in 1930 is located nearby. The station is also home to the annual Silene Census which occurs in late May/early June and surveys plants in the genus Silene along roadsides surrounding the station,
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2528-743: The Paiute in the battle of Tearass Plain . Crook later defeated a mixed band of Paiute, Pit River , and Modoc at the Battle of Infernal Caverns in Fall River Mills, California . President Ulysses S. Grant next placed Crook in command of the Arizona Territory . Crook's use of Apache scouts during his Tonto Basin Campaign of the Yavapai War brought him much success in forcing the Yavapai and Tonto Apache onto reservations. Crook's victories during
2607-591: The Rosebud was on. By 0830, the Sioux and Cheyenne had hotly engaged Crook's Indian allies on the high ground north of the main body. Heavily outnumbered, the Crow and Shoshone scouts fell back toward the camp, but their fighting withdrawal gave Crook time to deploy his forces. Rapidly firing soldiers drove off the attackers but used up much of the ammunition meant for use later in the campaign. Low on ammunition and with numerous wounded,
2686-486: The U.S. Army to pursue and punish the Sioux, Crook took to the field. After briefly linking up with General Alfred Terry , military commander of the Dakota Territory , Crook embarked on what came to be known as the grueling and poorly provisioned Horsemeat March , upon which the soldiers were reduced to eating their horses and mules. A party dispatched to Deadwood for supplies came across the village of American Horse
2765-456: The Union army 688 casualties, while the rebels suffered 538 killed, wounded, and captured. Unopposed, Crook moved his command into Dublin, where he laid waste to the railroad and the military stores. He then sent a party eastward to tear up the tracks and burn the ties. The next morning the main body set out for their next objective, the New River bridge, a key point on the railroad, a few miles to
2844-666: The Yavapai War included the Battle of Salt River Canyon , also known as the Skeleton Cave Massacre, and the Battle of Turret Peak . In 1873, Crook was appointed brigadier general in the regular army, a promotion that passed over and angered several full colonels next in line. From 1875 to 1882 and again from 1886 to 1888, Crook was head of the Department of the Platte , with headquarters at Fort Omaha in North Omaha, Nebraska . On 28 May 1876, Crook assumed direct command of
2923-407: The battlefield, where they soon met their compatriots retreating from Cloyd's Mountain. The reinforcements halted the rout, but Colonel Hayes, although ignorant of the strength of the force now before him, immediately ordered his men to "yell like devils" and rush the enemy. Within a few minutes General Crook arrived with the rest of the division, and the defenders broke and ran. Cloyd's Mountain cost
3002-660: The bottom of his class. He was assigned to the 4th U.S. infantry as brevet second lieutenant, serving in California, 1852–61. He served in Oregon and northern California , alternately protecting or fighting against several Native American tribes. He commanded the Pitt River Expedition of 1857 and, in one of several engagements, was severely wounded by an Indian arrow. He established a fort in Northeast California that
3081-437: The column, followed by the battalion of mule-borne foot soldiers, and a provisional company of civilian miners and packers brought up the rear. The Crow and Shoshone scouts remained alert while the soldiers rested. Several minutes later, the soldiers heard the sound of intermittent gunfire coming from the bluffs to the north. As the intensity of fire increased, a scout rushed into the camp shouting, "Lakota, Lakota!" The Battle of
3160-461: The commander of the second brigade, Colonel Rutherford B. Hayes, noted in his diary. On April 29, 1864, the Kanawha Division marched out of Charleston and headed south. Crook sent a force under Brigadier General William W. Averell westward towards Saltville, then pushed on towards Dublin with nine infantry regiments, seven cavalry regiments, and 15 artillery pieces, a force of about 6,500 men organized into three brigades. The West Virginia countryside
3239-443: The commanding general explained the mission in person. Grant instructed Crook to march his force, the Kanawha Division , against the railroad at Dublin, Virginia , 140 miles (230 km) south of Charleston. At Dublin he would put the railroad out of business and destroy Confederate military property. He was then to destroy the railroad bridge over New River , a few miles to the east. When these actions were accomplished, along with
Mountain Lake (Virginia) - Misplaced Pages Continue
3318-627: The county has a total area of 360 square miles (930 km ), of which 356 square miles (920 km ) is land and 4.6 square miles (12 km ) (1.3%) is water. Giles County is one of the 423 counties served by the Appalachian Regional Commission , and it is identified as part of "Greater Appalachia" by Colin Woodard in his book American Nations: A History of the Eleven Rival Regional Cultures of North America . It
3397-466: The destruction of the salt works, Crook was to march east and join forces with Major General Franz Sigel , who meanwhile was to be driving south up the Shenandoah Valley . After long dreary months of garrison duty, the men were ready for action. Crook did not reveal the nature or objective of their mission, but everyone sensed that something important was brewing. "All things point to early action",
3476-412: The east. The Confederates, now commanded by Colonel McCausland, waited on the east side of the New River to defend the bridge. Crook pulled up on the west bank, and a long, ineffective artillery duel ensued. Seeing that there was little danger from the rebel cannon, Crook ordered the bridge destroyed, and both sides watched in awe as the structure collapsed magnificently into the river. McCausland, without
3555-403: The establishment of the Sheriff's Office, 1 officer has died in the line of duty, in 1954. Giles County has five incorporated towns. Only nine other counties have more towns than Giles. Of the 190 towns in Virginia, Glen Lyn is the fifth smallest in population. Giles county is home to three public elementary/middle schools, two public high schools, and one technical school: The schools have
3634-430: The fissured bedrock bottom is causing the unstable lake levels. The lake is estimated to be about 6,000 years old, and geologists believe it must have been formed by rock slides and damming. Cold underground springs feed the lake and rarely allow the temperature to rise above 70 °F (21 °C) on the surface and 46 °F (8 °C) fifty feet (15 m) below the surface. Because of narrow channels and openings in
3713-573: The fleeing enemy. General Crook was unable to provide leadership as the excitement and exertion had sent him into a faint. Colonel Hayes kept his head and organized a force of about 500 men from the soldiers milling about the site of their victory. With his improvised command, he set off, closely pressing the rebels. While the fight at Cloyd's Mountain was going on, a train pulled into the Dublin station and disgorged 500 fresh troops of General John Hunt Morgan 's cavalry, which had just diverted Averell away from Saltville. The fresh troops hastened towards
3792-417: The hotel and surrounding land as she had always known it, without overbuilding and, particularly, without significantly changing the resort or upsetting the delicate ecology of the beautiful surrounding land. For most of its life as a resort, Mountain Lake Hotel was open from late spring through early fall, however, shortly after the establishment of the trust, the resort began operating year-round. Currently, it
3871-414: The hotel to the general public. Due to the resulting popularity of the hotel in this first season, several additions to the hotel were required to meet the increasing demand for more accommodations. During the days of primary travel by railroad, guests of the resort exited the train at either Pembroke or Eggleston and were met by horse-drawn carriages, which transported them up the dirt Doe Creek Road to
3950-434: The lake bottom, the level has a history of changing dramatically depending on the water flow through these channels. It is more than 100 feet (30 m) deep when full. Since 2002 it has been subject to dry-season level drops of as much as 15 feet (4.6 m). The last such level fluctuations occurred between 1751 and 1804 as historical accounts give widely different accounts of the lake size. From 2008 to 2020, Mountain Lake
4029-408: The lake bottom. The lake is now believed to reach its lowest points on a roughly 400-year cycle. Close to the lake is one of Virginia's few virgin forests, including a rare virgin spruce bog—Mann's Bog—with an unusual array of northern disjunct species. The lake drains into Little Stoney Creek, which passes over a spectacular waterfall known as The Cascades before reaching the New River . During
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#17329374005624108-413: The lake had begun to refill during a wet spring of 2020, and the lake had refilled to about a third full by July 14. During the lake's most recent dry period, researchers had examined the area's geology and concluded that the lake existed on a natural rise-and-fall cycle. During dry periods, accumulated sediment is believed to move through a natural plumbing system consisting of the aforementioned openings in
4187-541: The night of May 8, the division camped at Shannon's Bridge, Virginia, 10 miles (16 km) north of Dublin. The Confederates at Dublin soon learned the enemy was approaching. Their commander, Colonel John McCausland , prepared to evacuate his 1100 men, but before transportation could arrive, a courier from Brigadier General Albert G. Jenkins informed McCausland that the two of them were ordered by General John C. Breckinridge to stop Crook's advance. The combined forces of Jenkins and McCausland amounted to 2,400 men. Jenkins,
4266-432: The night; their escape cost Crook his command. Nelson A. Miles replaced Crook in 1886 in command of the Arizona Territory and brought an end to the Apache Wars . He captured Geronimo and the Chiricahua Apache band, and detained the Chiricahua scouts, who had served the U.S. Army, transporting them all as prisoners-of-war to a prison in Florida . (Crook was reportedly furious that the scouts, who had faithfully served
4345-407: The officers had to dismount and descend on foot. Crook stationed himself with Hayes' brigade, which was to lead the assault. After a long, anxious wait, Hayes at last heard cannon fire off to his left and led his men at a slow double time out onto the meadow and into the rebels' musketry and artillery fire, which Crook called "galling". Their pace quickened as they neared the other side, but just before
4424-411: The other free Apaches, taken on March 25 and 26, are the only known photographs taken of an American Indian while still at war with the United States. Geronimo, camped on the Mexican side of the border, agreed to Crook's surrender terms. That night, a soldier who sold them whiskey said that his band would be murdered as soon as they crossed the border. Geronimo and 25 of his followers slipped away during
4503-412: The other side. Vicious hand-to-hand fighting erupted as the Yankees reached the crude rebel defenses. The Southerners gave way, tried to re-form, then broke and retreated up and over the hill towards Dublin. The Yankees rounded up rebel prisoners by the hundreds and seized General Jenkins, who had fallen wounded. At this point the discipline of the Union men wavered, and there was no organized pursuit of
4582-442: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 7,215 households, out of which 29.27% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.46% were married couples living together, 10.49% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.10% were non-families. 27.86% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.56% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
4661-406: The primary customers in the days before the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad (a predecessor of the Norfolk and Western Railway ) was built nearby in the late 1850s. Following the Battle of Cloyd's Mountain in 1864, during the American Civil War (1861–1865), Union General George Crook marched his troops over to the present day town of Union, WV, via Salt Pond Mountain. Then, in 1869, following
4740-400: The public. Since 2008, the Conservancy has begun to manage and develop recreational opportunities for hotel guests and the local community. Giles County, Virginia Giles County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia on the West Virginia state line. As of the 2020 census , the population was 16,787. Its county seat is Pearisburg . Giles County is included in
4819-505: The resort. The current primary paved route up the Mountain, SR 700 , was built later, over a different route than the old dirt road. Giles County attorney Gordon Porterfield managed the property briefly before turning it over to his son Gilbert Porterfield , who managed the resort for 25 years. During Gilbert Porterfield's tenure managing the resort, its current reputation for fine cuisine was established. Also during this time, individuals were allowed to build their own cottages. They received
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#17329374005624898-437: The resources to oppose the Yankees any further, withdrew his battered command to the east. General Crook, supplies running low in a country not suited for major foraging, now entertained second thoughts about his orders to push on east and join Sigel in the Shenandoah Valley. At Dublin he had intercepted an unconfirmed report that General Robert E. Lee had beaten Grant badly in the Wilderness , which led him to consider whether
4977-504: The rights of U.S. citizens. That same year his home at Fort Omaha, now called the General Crook House and considered part of North Omaha , was completed. Crook was made head of the Department of Arizona and successfully forced some members of the Apache to surrender, but Geronimo continually evaded capture. As a mark of respect, the Apache nicknamed Crook Nantan Lupan , which means "Chief Wolf". In March, 1886, Crook received word that Geronimo would meet him in Cañon de los Embudos, in
5056-408: The scouts seemed to sense their presence. The soldiers, particularly the mule-riding infantry, seemed fatigued from the early start and the previous day's 35-mile (56 km) march. Accordingly, Crook stopped to rest his men and animals at 0800. Although he was deep in hostile territory, Crook made no special dispositions for defense. His troops halted in their marching order. The Cavalry battalions led
5135-427: The senior officer, took command. Breaking camp on the morning of May 9, Crook moved his men south to the top of a spur of Cloyd's Mountain. Before the Union troops lay a precipitous, densely wooded slope with a meadow about 400 yards wide at the bottom. On the other side of the meadow, the land rose in another spur of the mountain, and there Jenkins' rebels waited behind hastily erected fortifications. Crook dispatched
5214-434: The southern Appalachians—exists has been the source of much speculation. Recent scientific studies indicate that an unusual combination of natural processes created the lake, which is maintained by a fissure at the bottom that provides an outlet for both sediment and water and prevents the lake from otherwise simply becoming a bog . Replenishment of the water lost depends on rain levels, and apparent washing-out of sediment from
5293-473: The spring campaign of 1864, Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant ordered a Union advance on all fronts, minor as well as major. Grant sent for Brigadier General Crook, in winter quarters at Charleston, West Virginia , and ordered him to attack the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, Richmond 's primary link to Knoxville and the southwest, and to destroy the Confederate salt works at Saltville, Virginia . The 35-year-old Crook reported to army headquarters where
5372-441: The start of the Maryland Campaign . On September 12 Crook's brigade commander, Augustus Moor, was captured and Crook assumed command of the 2nd Brigade, Kanawha Division which had been attached to the IX Corps . Crook led his brigade at the Battle of South Mountain and near Burnside's Bridge at the Battle of Antietam . He was promoted to the rank of brigadier general on September 7, 1862. During these early battles he developed
5451-413: The third brigade under Colonel Carr B. White to work its way through the woods and deliver a flank attack on the rebel right. At 11 am, he sent Hayes' first brigade and Colonel Horatio G. Sickel 's second brigade down the slope to the edge of the meadow, where they were to launch a frontal assault on the Confederates as soon as they heard the sound of White's guns. The slope before them was so steep that
5530-432: The up-slope they came to a waist-deep creek. The barrier caused little delay and the Yankee infantry stormed up the hill and engaged the rebel defenders at close range. The only man to have trouble with the creek was General Crook. Dismounted, he still wore his high riding boots, and as he stepped into the stream, the boots filled with water and bogged him down. Nearby soldiers grabbed their commander's arms and hauled him to
5609-447: The winter of 1867, Crook's scouts located a Paiute village near the eastern edge of Steens Mountain . After covering all the escape routes, Crook ordered the charge on the village while intending to view the raid from afar, but his horse got spooked and galloped ahead of Crook's forces toward the village. Caught in the crossfire, Crook's horse carried the general through the village without being wounded. The army caused heavy casualties for
5688-511: The wooden hotel with the current structure, built using stone native to the surrounding land. Moody's daughter, Mrs. Mary Moody Northen , owned the hotel until her death in 1986, following which the trustees of her estate established a foundation known as the Mary Moody Northen Endowment , which presently maintains and operates the resort. The foundation was specifically established according to Mrs. Northen's final wishes to maintain
5767-401: Was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.88. In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.70% under the age of 18, 4.89% from 20 to 24, 23.85% from 25 to 44, 29.43% from 45 to 64, and 18.03% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.14 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.55 males. The median income for
5846-402: Was beautiful that spring, but the mountainous terrain made the march a difficult undertaking. The way was narrow and steep, and spring rains slowed the march as tramping feet churned the roads into mud. In places, Crook's engineers had to build bridges across wash-outs before the army could advance. The column reached Fayette on May 2, and then passed through Raleigh Court House and Princeton. On
5925-574: Was largely constant at an elevation of 3,875 feet (1,181 m) during the 19th and 20th centuries. The first known written evidence of the lake was by Christopher Gist of the Ohio Land Surveying Company, in 1751. It subsequently became known as Salt Pond. Natural lakes are common well to the north, where the Appalachian Range was subject to geologically recent glacial activity. But the basis on which this lake—the only natural one in
6004-517: Was later named in his honor; and later, Fort Ter-Waw in what is now Klamath Glen, California . During his years of service in California and Oregon, Crook extended his prowess in hunting and wilderness skills, often accompanying and learning from Indians whose languages he learned. These wilderness skills led one of his aides to liken him to Daniel Boone , and more importantly, provided a strong foundation for his abilities to understand, navigate and use Civil War landscapes to Union advantage. Crook
6083-410: Was nothing more than a reddish-brown pit, only partially filled with water. The lake's water levels had fluctuated dramatically over the previous 20 years. It first dropped in 1999, and returned to its normal levels in 2003. In 2006, it dropped again, and emptied completely for several days, leaving behind dead and rotting fish. From 2008 to 2012, it was mostly empty. However, resort employees noticed that
6162-473: Was promoted to first lieutenant in 1856, and to captain in 1860. He was ordered east and in 1861, with the beginning of the American Civil War, was made colonel of the 36th Ohio Volunteer Infantry . He married Mary Tapscott Dailey of Virginia. When the Civil War broke out, Crook accepted a commission as Colonel of the 36th Ohio Infantry and led it on duty in western Virginia. He was in command of
6241-602: Was promoted to major general of volunteers. In February 1865 General Crook was captured by Confederate raiders at Cumberland, Maryland , and held as a prisoner of war in Richmond until exchanged a month later. He very briefly returned to command the Department of West Virginia until he took command of a cavalry division in the Army of the Potomac during the Appomattox Campaign . Crook first went into action with his division at
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