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41-1028: Mosty may refer to: Dlouhé Mosty, part of Františkovy Lázně , Czech Republic Mosty u Českého Těšína , village near Český Těšín, Czech Republic, now part of that town Mosty u Jablunkova , village in Frýdek-Místek District, Czech Republic Mosty, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) Mosty, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Mosty, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland) Mosty, Lębork County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland) Mosty, Puck County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland) Mosty, Puck County - Mòstë Mosty, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland) Mosty Wielkie Mosty Małe Nowe Mosty Masty, Belarus Nichole Leigh Mosty , American-born Icelandic politician [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

82-662: A capacity of about 1,500 beds. It operated 24 mineral springs , 12 of which are still in operation. The I/21 road (which connects Cheb and the D6 motorway with the Czech-German border crossing in Vojtanov ; part of the European route E49 ) runs through Františkovy Lážně. The I/64 road splits from it and connects Františkovy Lážně with Aš . The I/6 road (the continuation of the D6 motorway that leads to

123-456: A relatively high content of dissolved carbon dioxide, although the ratios of the chemical components vary across all of the springs. The mineral-rich springs are formed from the infiltration of precipitation into the sedimentary Cheb Basin. The effects of the carbonic baths are shown in the better performance of the cardiovascular system, in the mild decrease of blood pressure in the pulse, in the lower occurrence of chronic inflammatory processes in

164-520: A town in 1865. During the 19th century, patients included numerous aristocrats, especially Russian nobles, and at the same time, widely known doctors bolstered the reputation of Franzensbad as a therapeutic resort. Franzensbad offered one of the first peat pulp baths in Europe, popular especially with female guests. A public spa house was built in 1827. The writer Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach portrayed her stay in her early work Aus Franzensbad in 1858. At

205-603: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Franti%C5%A1kovy L%C3%A1zn%C4%9B Františkovy Lázně ( [ˈfraɲcɪʃkovɪ ˈlaːzɲɛ] ; German : Franzensbad ) is a spa town in Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 5,800 inhabitants. Together with neighbouring Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně , it forms

246-522: Is divided between the German states of Saxony , Thuringia and Bavaria . The Egerland forms the northwestern edge of the Czech Republic. Originally, it was a small region of less than 1,000 km (390 sq mi) around the historic town of Eger, now named Cheb, roughly corresponding with the present-day Cheb District of the Karlovy Vary Region , originally with the exception of Aš, but including

287-522: Is located about 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Cheb , in the historical Egerland region. It lies in the westernmost part of the Cheb Basin . The highest point is the hill Na Skále at 483 m (1,585 ft) above sea level. The stream Slatinný potok, a tributary of the Ohře , flows through the municipal territory. The area is rich in fishponds; the largest of them is Amerika. Its western part with an island

328-408: Is protected as a nature reserve and is an important nesting place and migration stop for water birds. The eastern part of the pond is used for recreation. The salutary effects of the surrounding springs were known from the late 14th century on. The physician Georgius Agricola (1494–1555) mentioned the mineral water available to Cheb citizens. The sources from which, according to ancient law, water

369-571: The Battle of Mühldorf , he received Eger as a Reichspfandschaft (Imperial lien) with the "guarantee of complete independence from the Kingdom of Bohemia ". This reservation, however, became meaningless as Louis never redeemed the pawn, and with the accession of Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg in 1346, the crowns of the Holy Roman Empire and Bohemia were united in one hand. Charles' successors from

410-749: The Bavaria Slavica was first mentioned in 1061 records of trade routes laid out in the course of the German Ostsiedlung migration. In 1135 the regio Egere is recorded as a part of the Bavarian March of the Nordgau under the rule of Count Diepold III of Vohburg . After his death in 1146, the Egerland was inherited by the later German Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa of Hohenstaufen by marriage with Diepold's daughter Adelheid . The Staufer finally severed

451-510: The Egerer Weibersturm ("Women's storm of Eger") by numerous women who earned their livelihood in the scooping, transport and sale of the water in Eger. Feeling their water-bearing rights threatened, they demolished his premises. The town council of Cheb intervened and made the extension of Franzensbad as a health resort possible. The result was an extensive recreation area, with easy access from

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492-555: The German Worker's Party based in Cheb. The rise of ethnic nationalism turned out to be fatal, as, while some central parts of Bohemia were only inhabited by a smaller German-speaking elite, in border regions like the Egerland people who identified as German were in the majority, like in the town of Eger/Cheb, where the Czech population was only 7% per the 1930 census. At the end of World War I,

533-711: The German-speaking population was expelled under the Beneš decrees . The spa, officially renamed Františkovy Lázně in Czech , was nationalized under the rule of the Communist Party . After the Velvet Revolution of 1989, a stock company was established to revive the status of Františkovy Lázně as a venue for international guests. Twenty-three out of the 24 springs in the town are actively used, and local natural mineral water has

574-643: The House of Luxembourg and (from 1526) Habsburg continuously eliminated the autonomy of the Egerland against the resistance of the Cheb citizens and the local nobility. While the present-day Franconian parts up to the Fichtel Mountains were acquired by the Principality of Bayreuth under Hohenzollern rule, the remaining territory was administered within the Bohemian kraj of Loket from 1751. The incorporation of

615-719: The Provincia Egrensis from Bavaria and built it up as an exemplary model of a Reichsgut territory under immediate rule of the Holy Roman Emperor . Along this development Cheb became the site of a Kaiserpfalz residence (Cheb Castle), the only one in the present-day Czech Republic. Cheb, a free imperial city since 1277, and the Imperially immediate Egerland were given as a lien to King John of Bohemia in 1322 by Emperor Louis IV of Wittelsbach . In return for John's support against Louis' rival Frederick of Habsburg at

656-755: The 1920s. The Church of Saint James the Great is located in Horní Lomany. It was built in the Baroque style in 1739–1741. Františkovy Lázně is twinned with: Egerland The north-western panhandle around the town of Aš (Asch) was historically part of Vogtland before being incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown in the 16th century; it is thus known as Bohemian Vogtland (German: Böhmisches Vogtland ; Czech: Fojtsko ). The rest of historic Vogtland

697-592: The Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nevertheless, the Czech majority in the total of Bohemia insisted to "restore their countries in their historical borders", as a revision of alleged Germanization . Both parties acted unilaterally, the Czechs, supported by France and Britain, prevailed establishing the Czechoslovakian Republic comprising all parts of historic Bohemia as it existed under Austrian rule, including

738-635: The Bohemian kingdom into the Habsburg monarchy had created ongoing conflicts at first along the fault-lines between the Catholic dynasty and the Protestant nobility culminating in the Thirty Years' War . Cheb and the Egerland insisting on their independence tried to maintain a neutral position, they nevertheless were seized as a stronghold by Albrecht von Wallenstein , who was murdered at Cheb on 25 February 1634. In

779-513: The Czech parliament, a law granting full equality and proportional representation in all aspects of civil life was finally implemented in 1937. With the 1933 Nazi seizure of power in Germany, the separatists of the Sudeten German Party under Konrad Henlein became more and more dominant, calling themselves Sudeten Germans . After Hitler had pushed the situation towards an armed conflict,

820-406: The Egerland. The German population, a minority in all of Bohemia, but ethnically dominant in the northwestern part of the region, failed in their request for a new border, based upon ethnicity, between predominantly Czech- and predominantly German-speaking parts of the country. The Czech Republic had committed to protecting the equality of all ethnicities incorporated into the new State; however, there

861-531: The Empire style in 1815–1820. This Roman Catholic church is one of the best examples of purely Empire sacral buildings in the country. The Church of Saint Olga is an Orthodox church. It was built in the spirit of Russian Baroque buildings in 1887. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul is an Evangelical church. It was built in the Neo-Romanesque style in 1875–1880. The prismatic tower with Cubist elements dates from

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902-518: The German-speaking population of former Austria-Hungary proclaimed the Republic of German Austria including the Egerland and further peripheral regions of German Bohemia , that were to become part of Czechoslovakia . They demanded the unification with Germany , referring to the self-determination doctrine proclaimed by U.S. president Woodrow Wilson that had been the basis for the dissolution of

943-486: The German-speaking population. From about 1830 on Czech scholars like František Palacký encouraged the Austroslavism movement demanding autonomy for the Bohemian crown lands and admission of the Czech language . In the aftermath of the 1848 Spring of Nations , the Czechs, as well as some other Slavic nations, began Pan-Slavic movements aiming at complete independence, fiercely opposed by Pan-German organisations like

984-536: The Sudetenland, itself a Reichsgau from 1939 on. Even in 1942, Edvard Beneš considered 3,25 million Sudeten Germans to be a minority too large for successful absorption into a Czechoslovak state of around 15 million inhabitants. He therefore proposed that Germany should be allowed to keep the Eger triangle and two other districts of little strategic importance. However, following the German defeat in World War II,

1025-645: The West Bohemian Spa Triangle. The town centre is well preserved and since 1992 has been protected as an urban monument reservation . In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name " Great Spa Towns of Europe " because of its natural springs and its architectural testimony to the popularity of spa towns across Europe in the 18th through 20th centuries. The villages of Aleje-Zátiší, Dlouhé Mosty, Dolní Lomany, Horní Lomany, Krapice, Slatina and Žírovice are administrative parts of Františkovy Lázně. Františkovy Lázně

1066-443: The body, and also in terms of rheumatics, and the improved blood circulation in tissues and the vegetative stabilisation. The local mud treatments represent a traditional curative method with thermal, chemical and mechanical effects. The treatment has a positive effect on the mobility of muscles and the pain in treated tissues. The local spa corporation is the biggest in the Czech Republic. It unites eight spa houses and hotels with

1107-624: The border crossing in Pomezí nad Ohří ; part of the European route E48 ) runs south of the town. Františkovy Lázně is located on the railway line Cheb– Hof . The Theatre of Božena Němcová was built in the current area in 1868. The new theatre building was built in the Neoclassical style in 1927–1928 and interiors were decorated in Art Deco style. The town has two museums: the Municipal Museum and

1148-618: The course of the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in 1806 and the onset of the Austrian Empire , the eastern part of Egerland finally became an ordinary district of the Austrian province of Bohemia. The suppression during the Age of Metternich led to a second-class status of the Czech people in the Austrian crown land of Bohemia, despite them being much more numerous than

1189-504: The entity was officially named Regierungsbezirk Eger in order to reduce territorial claims. It included large Bohemian territories up to the outskirts of Plzeň , comprising cities like Falknov (today Sokolov ), Kraslice , Chodov , Mariánské Lázně (Marienbad) and Tachov , which never belonged to the historical region. All of Egerland and Vogtland lies within the Egrensis  [ de ] Euroregion . The settlement of Eger in

1230-446: The following decades the absolute Habsburg rulers aimed at a centralized government . Emperor Joseph II of Habsburg on the one hand issued an Edict of Religious Tolerance in 1781, but also denied the Bohemian autonomy by renouncing the ceremony of the coronation as Bohemian king. With the determination of German as official language in all Habsburg lands (instead of Latin ), he laid the foundations for future ethnic conflicts . In

1271-508: The headwaters of the Ohře river and the area of Marktredwitz in today's Upper Franconia . In contrast, after the beginning of the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938, Cheb and the historic Egerland were incorporated as part of the " Sudetenland " into an extended area of 7,466 km (2,883 sq mi). Though the seat of the administration was established at Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad),

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1312-551: The political process, rather than pursue the quest for political self-determination. However, under a legal framework perceived as "czechification", there was growing unease about laws and policies which were felt to be discriminatory, especially in areas identifying as culturally German or Austrian. Perceived inequalities included the reduction of German-speaking schools and teachers, disadvantageous allocation of public spending and exclusion from public service positions. After years of lobbying by German-speaking minority representatives in

1353-419: The prime ministers of Britain and France in the 1938 Munich Agreement backed the annexation of regions with greater than 50% German-speaking population, including the Sudetenland with the Egerland, by Nazi Germany . While a number of Czechs fled from obvious oppression under Nazi rule, there was no systematic expulsion of Czech people. At that time, the term "Egerland" came in use for the western district of

1394-561: The region was rejoined to Czechoslovakia in 1945 and even before further decisions were made at the Potsdam Conference, about 800,000 ethnic Germans were expelled from their ancestral lands to Germany on the basis of the Beneš decrees . In the course of these events, multiple massacres and crimes against humanity are documented, committed on German civilians by ethnic Czechs in 'revenge' for the Nazi occupation. The Czech government later passed

1435-423: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mosty&oldid=1212769360 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1476-569: The small private Museum of Motorcycles and Cars. In Františkovy Lázně is the water park Aquaforum Lázně Františkovy Lázně . The Social House is the dominant feature of the spa centre. It was built in 1877 in the Neo-Renaissance style. It is the venue of congresses, balls and other social events, and the building also houses a casino. The Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross was built in

1517-527: The town of Cheb. In 1852, the spa became an independent municipality. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was one of the most famous guests in the early days; his visits to Franzensbad were extensively reported in the book written by Johannes Urzidil Goethe in Böhmen (1932). Other notable visitors were Ludwig van Beethoven , Johann Strauss Jr. , Božena Němcová , Archduke Charles I of Austria , and Emperor Francis Joseph I of Austria , who promoted Františkovy Lázně to

1558-581: The turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the spa was visited by up to 20,000 patients and almost 80,000 spa tourists. Until 1918, the town was part of the Bohemian crown land of the Austria-Hungary . After World War I, the town's reputation began to fade. Then part of the new state of Czechoslovakia , the spa lost much of its patronage and was hit hard by the Great Depression of 1929. After World War II,

1599-529: Was drafted and brought to the city, were first used locally for salutary purposes. Later, the water was also shipped in earthenware bottles, and in 1700, it reportedly sold more water than all other spas in the Empire combined. About 1705, an inn was erected at the site of a mineral spring later known as Franzensquelle . On 27 April 1793, the town was officially founded under the name Kaiser Franzensdorf, after Emperor Francis II , and later renamed Franzensbad. The spa

1640-478: Was founded by Eger-based doctor Bernhard Adler (1753–1810). He promoted the expansion of spa facilities and the accommodation for those seeking healing and promoted the transformation of the swampy moorland with paths and footbridges to well-known sources. The town was laid out around 24 springs in an orthogonal plan. When in 1791 Adler had a pavilion and a water basin erected at the Franzensquelle , he sparked

1681-480: Was not a legal commitment made until 1937. Also, a request by the German-speaking minority to allow them double citizenship (Austrian/Czech or German/Czech) was declined. During the years after World War I, with the Versailles Treaty explicitly banning these regions from rejoining Austria or Germany, there was a tendency among the German-speaking minority to adjust to the new political realities and participate in

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