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82-570: All patrol vehicles used by this division are specifically equipped for this kind of response, including reinforcing plates in the bodywork, especially in the doors, bulletproof and shatterproof windows and the iconic prisoner transport partition behind the first row of seats. Police precincts also have non-bulletproof emergency vehicles that do not log in with the first-response division, but are equally capable of responding to an event, which are called "Autoradio" (radio car or, like in other states radio motor patrol (RMP) ) instead. The mobile units are

164-570: A tablet or a dashboard-mounted laptop installed in the car. Suspect transport enclosures are typically located at the rear of the vehicle, taking up the rear seats or rear compartment. The seats are sometimes modified to be a hard metal or plastic bench. Separating the transport enclosure is often a partition, a barrier between the front and rear compartments typically made of metal with a window made of reinforced glass , clear plastic, or metal mesh or bars. Some police cars do not have partitions; in these instances, another officer may have to sit in

246-439: A Questura is headed by an inspector coordinator per shift who is responsible for all units on duty. This inspector provides the specific direction for all the squads under his or her command. Currently Rome is the only city in which a 2nd Mobile Division has been inaugurated as of December 3, 2019. The patrols, in addition to their role of responding to crimes in progress also work in the area of crime prevention. The officers of

328-683: A SWAT vehicle, tactical vehicle, or rescue vehicle, is an armored vehicle used in a police capacity. They are typically four-wheeled armored vehicles with similar configurations to military light utility vehicles , infantry mobility vehicles , internal security vehicles , MRAPs , or similar armored personnel carriers , that lack mounted and installed weaponry. As their name suggests, they are typically used to transport police tactical units such as SWAT teams, though they may also be used in riot control or to establish police presence at events. A mobile command center, also known as an emergency operations center, mobile command post, or mobile police station,

410-434: A center-mounted crush box, and side curtain airbags (which could also be deleted as an option). Like the 8th generation 9C1, the 9th generation version had auxiliary coolers for the engine oil, power steering, and transmission, heavy-duty police calibrated ABS brakes, a heavy duty 4 wheel independent suspension, and a heavy duty cooling system; this time based on the cooling system from the 9th generation Impala SS. Additionally,

492-417: A clear road, "wail" (a long up-and-down unbroken tone) is often used, whereas in heavy slow traffic or at intersections, "yelp" (essentially a sped-up wail) may be preferred. Other noises are used in certain countries and jurisdictions, such as "phaser" (a series of brief sped-up beeps) and "hi-lo" (a two-tone up-down sound). Some vehicles may also be fitted with electronic airhorns . A wide range of equipment

574-761: A good enough equivalent for replacement with decent fuel mileage for its large size, high horsepower, affordable sales pricing, and reliability. The need for a police full-size sedan in North America was fulfilled with the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor and the Dodge Charger Pursuit . In 1999, the Caprice 9C1 name would be revived for the Middle East, based on the Holden Caprice from

656-562: A higher temperature. This is usually accomplished through installing heavy duty suspension , brakes , calibrated speedometer , tires , alternator , transmission , and cooling systems . The car's stock engine may be modified or replaced by a more powerful engine from another vehicle from the manufacturer. The car's electrical system may also be upgraded to accommodate for the additional electronic police equipment. Police vehicles are often fitted with audible and visual warning systems to alert other motorists of their approach or position on

738-624: A higher-output alternator, and a limited slip clutch in the transfer case . In 2022, Chevrolet announced the Chevrolet Blazer EV would be receiving a PPV variant in 2024. It is the first police-certified vehicle produced by Chevrolet, and features skid plates, Firestone Firehawk Pursuit tires on 20-inch steel wheels like found on both the Tahoe 9C1 PPV & Silverado 9C1 PPV, Protected Idle features for long-term idling, vinyl floor coverings, and equipment support. In 2022, Chevrolet announced that

820-513: A highway patrol car, traffic enforcement unit, speed enforcement unit, or road policing unit , is a police car tasked with enforcing traffic laws and conducting traffic stops , typically on major roadways such as highways . They are often relatively high-performance vehicles compared to patrol cars, as they must be capable of catching up to fast-moving vehicles. They may have specific markings or special emergency lights to either improve or hinder visibility. Alternatively, some traffic cars may use

902-476: A marked patrol car, featuring markings that are either similar colors to the vehicle's body paint, or are reflective graphics that are difficult to see unless illuminated by lights or viewed at certain angles. Ghost cars are often used for traffic enforcement, though they may also be used in lieu of unmarked cars in jurisdictions where they are prohibited or have their enforcement capabilities limited, such as being unable to conduct traffic stops. In these instances,

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984-498: A more consumer-oriented interior. The 9C3 package was first offered with the Lumina in 1992, and has been available for all 9C1 vehicles offered since then. Both the 8th & 9th generation Impalas from 2001-2005 & 2006-2016, & the 2011-2013 3rd generation Holden WM II Caprice based 6th generation Caprice in the past were offered with the 9C3 code for detective, unmarked, & supervisor. The upcoming Blazer EV PPV being offered with

1066-618: A more fuel efficient option), and standard equipment on other GM B/D-bodies at the time such as the Chevrolet Impala SS, Buick Roadmaster, and Cadillac Fleetwood. However, the 9C1 option was not offered on any of these models. With General Motors ending production of the fourth generation model Caprice 9C1 in 1996, many police departments across the United States and Canada kept them in service far longer than most other police vehicles from that time period, reasons being for lack of finding

1148-405: A move to compete with the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor . 2008 models also saw the addition of an external trunk lock tumbler. Engine output was once again reduced in 2009 to 224 hp and 235 lb-ft of torque, and 9C1's now featured standard dual zone automatic climate control; which would be deleted after 2010. The biggest updates to the 9th generation 9C1 came in 2012. The 3.9L V6

1230-422: A police dog on board, typically just the agency's standard markings with the added notice. A decoy car is a police car used to establish a police presence, typically to deter traffic violations or speeding, without a police officer actually being present. They may be older models retired from use, civilian cars modified to resemble police cars, or demonstration vehicles. In some instances, a "decoy car" may not be

1312-456: A range of different noises. Different models and manufacturers have distinct siren noises; one siren model, the Rumbler , emits a low frequency sound that can be felt through vibrations, allowing those who would not otherwise hear the siren or see the emergency vehicle to still know it is approaching. Different siren noises may be used depending on traffic conditions and the context. For example, on

1394-440: A riot suppression vehicle or simply a riot vehicle, is an armored or reinforced police vehicle used for riot control . A wide array of vehicles, from armored SUVs and vans to dedicated trucks and armored personnel carriers, are used by law enforcement to suppress or intimidate riots , protests , and public order crimes ; hold and reinforce a police barricade to keep the scene contained; or simply transport officers and equipment at

1476-499: A secluded location and instead can wait until they reach somewhere safer. In the UK, officers must be wearing uniforms in order to make traffic stops. Motorists can also ask for the officer's badge and identification or call an emergency number or a police non-emergency number to confirm if the police unit is genuine. A ghost car, also known as a stealth car or semi-marked car, is a police car that combines elements of both an unmarked car and

1558-511: A standard AM/FM radio, standard dual zone climate control, a standard driver side torso airbag (2005), and lockout protection; which prevents the driver from locking the keys in the ignition in the event someone tries to lock the doors. This generation 9C1 was very popular with large urban police forces such as the New York City Police Department . The Chevrolet Impala was re-designed for the 2006 model year, once again riding on

1640-402: A top speed of 124 mph. Also, traction control was not available on the 9C1. The interior featured several features not available on civilian Impalas including stab-proof front seatbacks, heavy duty front seats, a 100 amp auxiliary power point in the trunk, and "Surveillance Mode"; which was a button that disabled all interior lights to allow officers to hide themselves better. The 9C1 featured

1722-495: A valuable tool in catching criminals in the commission of a crime or by surprise. The resemblance an unmarked police car has to a civilian vehicle varies based on their application: they may use the same models as marked patrol cars, and may be virtually identical to them aside from the lack of roof-mounted emergency lights, with pushbars and spotlights clearly visible; alternatively, they may use common civilian vehicle models that blend in with traffic, with emergency lights embedded in

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1804-569: A variety of equipment for dealing with emergency situations. The first police car was an electric wagon used by the Akron Police Department in Akron, Ohio , in 1899. The first operator of the police patrol wagon was Officer Louis Mueller, Sr. It could reach 16 mph (26 km/h) and travel 30 mi (48 km) before its battery needed to be recharged. The car was built by city mechanical engineer Frank Loomis. The US$ 2,400 vehicle

1886-547: A vehicle at all, but rather a life-sized cutout or sign depicting a police car. Use of decoy cars is intended to ensure crime deterrence without having to commit manpower, allowing the officer that would otherwise be there to be freed up for other assignments. In the United Kingdom, decoy liveried police cars and vans may be parked on filling station forecourts to deter motorists dispensing fuel then making off without payment , also known as "bilking". The use of decoy cars

1968-569: Is a police car used for surveillance purposes. Usually SUVs, vans, or trucks, surveillance cars can be marked, unmarked, undercover, or disguised, and may be crewed or remotely monitored. They are used to gather evidence of criminal offenses or provide better vantage points at events or high-traffic areas. The surveillance method used varies, and may include CCTV , hidden cameras , wiretapping devices, or even aerial platforms . Some surveillance cars may also be used as bait cars , deployed to catch car thieves. A police armored vehicle, also known as

2050-415: Is a police car used for display and community policing purposes, but not for patrol duties. These are often performance cars, modified cars, classic police cars, or vehicles seized from convicted criminals and converted to police cars that are used to represent the agency in parades, promote a specific program (such as the D.A.R.E. program), or help build connections between law enforcement and those that

2132-566: Is a production code used by Chevrolet to designate a vehicle intended for use as a police car or car-based emergency vehicle . 9C1-designated vehicles are marketed under the Police Pursuit Vehicle or Police Patrol Vehicle ( PPV ) nameplate. The 9C1 package is intended to compete with the Ford Police Interceptor and Stellantis 's Dodge Charger Pursuit and Dodge Durango Pursuit . Specific modifications and upgrades in

2214-424: Is a truck used to provide a central command center at the scene of an incident, or to establish a visible police presence or temporary police station at an event. A bomb disposal vehicle is a vehicle used by bomb disposal squads to transport equipment and bomb disposal robots , or to store bombs for later disposal. They are often vans or trucks, typically with at least one bomb containment chamber installed in

2296-413: Is carried in police cars, used to make police work easier or safer. The installation of this equipment in a police car partially transforms it into a desk. Police officers use their car to fill out different forms, print documents, type on a computer or a console, and examine different screens, all while driving. Ergonomics in layout and installation of these items in the police car plays an important role in

2378-802: Is common to the point that armed police vehicles are necessary; for example, the Iraqi Police received technicals during the Iraq War , and the National Police of Ukraine used armed vehicles during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , including the STREIT Group Spartan and a modified BMW 6 Series with a mounted machine gun. These should not be confused with police vehicles that have turrets but do not have guns, which are often just police armored vehicles or, if less-lethal munitions are used, riot control vehicles. A riot control vehicle, also known as

2460-621: Is entirely up to the agency, though in 2005, the Virginia General Assembly considered a bill that would make decoy cars a legal requirement for police. The bill stated in part: "Whenever any law-enforcement vehicle is permanently taken out of service   ... such vehicle shall be placed at a conspicuous location within a highway median in order to deter violations of motor vehicle laws at that location. Such vehicles shall   ... be rotated from one location to another as needed to maintain their deterrent effect." A surveillance car

2542-521: Is often used to describe unmarked cars. However, this usage is erroneous: unmarked cars are police cars that lack markings but have police equipment, emergency lights, and sirens, while undercover cars lack these entirely and are essentially civilian vehicles used by law enforcement in undercover operations to avoid detection. The close resemblance of unmarked cars to civilian cars has created concerns of police impersonation . Some police officers advise motorists that they do not have to pull over in

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2624-434: Is the responsibility of police within that jurisdiction. Some utility vehicles can be used for transporting teams of officers and occasionally have facilities to securely detain and transport a small number of suspects, provided there is enough seating space. A police dog vehicle, also known as a K-9 vehicle or a police dog unit, is a police car modified to transport police dogs . The models used for these vehicles range from

2706-543: The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department in 1974. The Nova 9C1 was available to police agencies as either a 2-door coupe or 4-door sedan with an array of different options. A 9C1-equipped Malibu with an LT1 350 Z-28 Camaro V8 engine driven by E. Pierce Marshall placed 13th of 47 in the 1979 Cannonball Baker Sea-to-Shining-Sea Memorial Trophy Dash , better known as the Cannonball Run. Starting in 1986

2788-636: The emergency lights on the vehicle. These lights are used while responding to attract the attention of other road users and coerce them into yielding for the police car to pass. The colors used by police car lights depend on the jurisdiction, though they are commonly blue and red. Several types of flashing lights are used, such as rotating beacons , halogen lamps , or LED strobes . Some agencies use arrow sticks to direct traffic, or message display boards to provide short messages or instructions to motorists. The headlights and tail lights of some vehicles can be made to flash , or small strobe lights can be fitted in

2870-512: The livery markings on the vehicle. Police vehicle markings usually make use of bright colors or strong contrast with the base color of the vehicle. Some police cars have retroreflective markings that reflect light for better visibility at night, though others may only have painted on or non-reflective markings. Examples of markings and designs used in police liveries include black and white , Battenburg markings , Sillitoe tartan , and "jam sandwich" markings . Police vehicle markings include, at

2952-669: The 10th generation Impala with "Limited" badging. In 2016, the 9th generation 9C1 was discontinued. This generation 9C1, like the 8th generation version, was also very popular with inner city police departments. Replacing the Impala, the Caprice PPV was manufactured by Holden in Australia, a left-hand drive version of the Holden WM/WN Caprice exported to North America. Introduced for 2011, the PPV

3034-670: The 1940s, major American automakers, namely the Big Three , began to manufacture specialized police cars. Over time, these became their own dedicated police fleet offerings, such as the Ford Police Interceptor and Chevrolet 9C1 . In the United Kingdom , Captain Athelstan Popkess , Chief Constable of the Nottingham City Police from 1930 to 1959, transformed British police from their Victorian era foot patrol beat model to

3116-455: The 1992-93 9C6 taxi packages only and two new choices of V8 were offered for civilian, taxi, and police markets (the 5.0 V8 carried from the former generation and 5.7 V8) and featured a digital instrument cluster unlike its civilian version's analog interface, which would remain until 1993 when the LTZ version was introduced. When the 1993-96 model cars lost its rear fender skirts design, this increased

3198-418: The 8th generation 9C1 featured many upgrades over the standard Impala including auxiliary oil coolers for the engine oil, power steering, and transmission, a heavy duty radiator with heavy duty fans and extended life coolant, heavy duty front struts, heavy duty shock absorbers, police calibrated brakes, heavy duty front brake pads, and a 125 amp alternator. The 8th generation 9C1 had a 0-60 time of 9.2 seconds and

3280-445: The 9C1 package vary by vehicle platform, though they generally center around increased durability and performance. Other parts of the 9C1 package are designed to allow the installation of emergency vehicle lighting and equipment . Considered a fleet vehicle by General Motors , the 9C1 package is considered a Special Equipment Options (SEO) code, as opposed to a Regular Production Order (RPO) code. Both groups of options are found on

3362-470: The 9C1's sales and appeal to law agencies, as this feature wasn't popular on the 4th generation Chevrolet Caprice for the 1991-92 model years, 5.7-liter Police 153 kW / 205 hp / 208 PS ( SAE net ), torque: 407 Nm / 300 lb-f. From 1994 to 1996, the detuned 260 hp (190 kW) LT1 350 c.i. engine found on the fourth generation Chevrolet Corvette was a popular option on the 9C1 (the 4.3 V8 (RPO L99) being standard for police agencies looking for

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3444-411: The Caprice would replace the Impala for the retail, taxi, and police markets based on the third generation model which was launched in 1977. Like its civilian counterparts, the Caprice 9C1 would get a facelift in 1987, and would remain the same until 1990. The Caprice 9C1 was available with either a V6 or V8 in this generation. When the fourth generation 1991 model came, the former V6 was reintroduced for

3526-562: The Impala 9C1 police package was offered with the 2000 to 2005 8th generation Impala and 2006-2013 9th generation Impala/2014-2016 Impala Limited in FWD form. The 9th generation model would be the last W-body vehicle in production until it was discontinued in 2016. The eighth generation W body Impala was powered by the 3.8L Buick V6 engine. The 3.8L V6 was mated to a heavy duty four-speed 4T65-E HD transmission and made 200 horsepower at 5,200 rpm and 200 lb-ft of torque at 4,000 rpm. Mechanically,

3608-465: The Middle East as the Lumina 9C1. It was based on the Commodore Executive and added various specification upgrades to cater to the needs of police. Most 9C1s were delivered in white, but other colours were available if needed, and were predominantly used for unmarked cars. The 9C3 package is a variant of the 9C1 package intended for Detective / unmarked or supervisor use. It typically features

3690-886: The Mobile Division know their beat and the people who usually frequent it, carefully observe their surroundings, and work to prevent crime. Police car A police car is an emergency vehicle used by police for transportation during patrols and responses to calls for service . A type of emergency vehicle , police cars are used by police officers to patrol a beat , quickly reach incident scenes, and transport and temporarily detain suspects. Police vehicles, like other emergency vehicles, usually bare livery (markings) to distinguish them as such. They often use emergency lights (usually blue, red or blue and red colored) and sirens to warn other motorists of their presence, especially when responding to calls for service. Police cars usually contain communication devices, weaponry, and

3772-623: The Silverado was given an 9C1 variant as the Silverado PPV making it the first pursuit rated pickup for Chevrolet as a 2023 model. The 9C1 name was also offered with the Holden Commodore starting with the 1997 Holden Commodore (VS) and ending with the 2004-2006 Holden Commodore (VZ) by GM's Australian affiliate Holden . The VZ Commodore 9C1 (or VZ Commodore Police Pack) was available to all police organisations in Australia, New Zealand, and

3854-585: The Tahoe PPV was assigned the 9C1 production code for the first time; all previous police versions of the Tahoe used the Z56 production code. Features for the Tahoe 9C1 include rocker covers borrowed from the GM LT4 engine , PPV-specific engine and transmission coolers, Firestone Firehawk Pursuit tires on 20-inch steel wheels, Brembo brakes, a lowered fortified suspension, standard rear-wheel drive with optional four-wheel drive,

3936-514: The W-body platform. The 9C1 was also included in the redesign, and it received significant upgrades over the previous generation. For the 9th generation, the 9C1 was based on the LS trim. A 3.9L GM High Value Engine V6 was now the standard and only powerplant, making 242 horsepower and 242 ft-lb of torque. It was mated to a 4T65-E HD transmission, which was carried over from the previous generation. 0-60 time

4018-582: The WH Statesman/Caprice range for the 2000 model year. This same police package was used in the VT Commodore range at the time which was also sold in the Middle Eastern market as the Lumina. The same range of Holden Caprice almost got imported in North America right around the time that the Impala 9C1 based on the 8th generation Impala in FWD form was about to hit the police market. Designed in 1999,

4100-423: The alternator was upgraded to a heavy duty 150 amp unit and the battery was upgraded to a larger 720cca unit. Furthermore, dual exhaust was now standard. For 2007, engine output was reduced to 233 hp and 240 ft-lbs of torque. 2007 models also saw the addition of GM's Active Fuel Management as standard equipment, which shuts off a bank of cylinders to preserve fuel. In 2008, the 9C1 became Flex Fuel capable in

4182-1172: The car instead; for example, Norwegian Police Service officers are issued handguns, but they keep them in a locked compartment in their car that requires high-ranking authorization to access. Less-lethal weaponry and riot gear may also be stored in the trunk. Rescue equipment such as first aid kits , dressing , fire extinguishers , defibrillators , and naloxone kits are often kept in police cars to provide first aid and rescue when necessary. Tools such as barricade tape , traffic cones , traffic barricades , and road flares are often kept in police cars to secure scenes for further investigation. Recording equipment such as dashcams and interior cameras are installed in some police cars to make audio and video recordings of incidents, police interactions, and evidence. Detector devices such as radar speed guns , automatic number-plate recognition , and LoJack are used in some police cars, typically in traffic enforcement, to detect speeding violations, read multiple plates for flags (such as warrants or lack of insurance) without having to manually check, and track stolen cars, respectively. Chevrolet 9C1 9C1

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4264-589: The closure of Australian manufacturing operations by General Motors after the 2017 model year, the Holden/Chevrolet Caprice ended production without a successor. While not directly offered to sale outside of law enforcement, some initial examples of the Caprice PPV were purchased from General Motors as used cars by virtue of factory demonstrators being cycled out by the company, surplus unsold dealer inventory, and special one-time purchases (usually by fleet upfitters for equipment demonstration use). In 2021,

4346-434: The comfort and safety of the police officers at work and preventing injuries such as back pain and musculoskeletal disorders. Police radio systems are generally standard equipment in police cars, used to communicate between the officers assigned to the car and the dispatcher . Mobile data terminals are also common as alternative ways to communicate with the dispatcher or receive important information, and are typically

4428-456: The emergency equipment. Since the mid-1970s, Chevrolet has offered factory-produced police variants of the Chevrolet Nova , Chevrolet Malibu , Chevrolet Celebrity , Chevrolet Impala , Chevrolet Caprice , Chevrolet Lumina , Chevrolet Tahoe , Chevrolet Silverado , and Chevrolet Blazer EV . The Nova 9C1 was offered to police agencies between 1975 and 1979, originating as a prototype for

4510-444: The fog light housings. The front fascia also received a minor refresh in line with the civilian model Impala, which brought SS style upper and lower front grilles to the 9C1. In addition, the rear fascia now had body color trim compared to the chrome on previous models. For 2014, GM released the 10th generation Impala. The 10th generation Impala did not offer a 9C1 version, but the 9th generation Impala 9C1 remained in production alongside

4592-541: The fourth generation Caprice 9C1); high-output alternator ; lifetime-rated green silicone coolant hoses; four-wheel disc brakes; HD steel wheels and speed-rated tires; quick-ratio power steering and transmission and power steering oil coolers; certified digital speedometer; stiffer body mounts and more of them; true dual exhaust; protective anti-stab steel plates in the front seat backs; performance 3.08 final drive ratio (3.23 w/std.); 200 hp/245 ft·lbf L99 V8 4.3 L (265 cid) SFI engine); and extra wiring for

4674-542: The grille or capable of being hidden and revealed, such as Japanese unmarked cars having retractable beacons built into the car's roof. Unmarked cars typically use regular civilian license plates, occasionally even in jurisdictions where emergency vehicles and government vehicles use unique license plates, though some agencies or jurisdictions may be able to use the unique plates anyway; for example, American federal law enforcement agencies may use either government plates or regular license plates. The term "undercover car"

4756-672: The markings on ghost cars may be sufficient to legally count as marked police cars, despite the markings being difficult to see. A utility vehicle is a police car used for utility or support purposes as opposed to regular police duties. Utility vehicles are usually all-wheel drive vehicles with cargo space such as SUVs, pickup trucks, vans, utes, or off-road vehicles. They are often used to transport or tow assets such as trailers, equipment, or other vehicles such as police boats ; they are alternatively used for or are capable of off-roading , especially in fleets where most other vehicles cannot do so. They can also be used for animal control , if that

4838-540: The modern car-based reactive response model, through his development of the "Mechanized Division", which used two-way radio communication between police command and police cars. Under Popkess, the Nottingham City Police began to use police cars as an asset that police tactics centered around, such as overlaying police car patrol sectors over foot patrol beats and using police cars to pick up foot patrol officers while responding to crimes. Increased car ownership in

4920-483: The number of simultaneous patrols depending on the size of the Questura. In medium and large cities, each patrol is assigned a beat, or a specific and precise area route to be covered. Beats usually coincide with areas of jurisdiction of police precincts in the area, and there may be more than one volante (nickname for emergency response patrol cars, literally translated: "flying") per precinct area. Each Mobile Division of

5002-456: The organization of the law enforcement agency , the class of vehicle used as a police car, and the environmental factors of the agency's jurisdiction, many of the types below may or may not exist in certain fleets, or their capabilities may be merged to create all-rounded units with shared vehicles as opposed to specialized units with separate vehicles. A patrol car is a police car used for standard patrol. Used to replace traditional foot patrols,

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5084-407: The patrol car's primary function is to provide transportation for regular police duties, such as responding to calls, enforcing laws, or simply establishing a more visible police presence while on patrol. Driving a patrol car allows officers to reach their destinations more quickly and to cover more ground compared to other methods. Patrol cars are typically designed to be identifiable as police cars to

5166-511: The post- World War II economic expansion led to police cars becoming significantly more common in most developed countries, as police jurisdictions expanded farther out into residential and suburban areas, car-oriented urban planning and highways dominated cities, vehicular crimes and police evasion in cars increased, and more equipment was issued to police officers, to the point that vehicles became practically necessary for modern law enforcement. Various types of police car exist. Depending on

5248-409: The production code sticker (which on most modern GM vehicles is located in the glove box). Heavy-duty (HD) features include full perimeter steel frame (there is debate as to whether the Caprice 9C1 uses a thicker frame than the civilian car; GM replacement frame part numbers for the civilian auto and the Caprice 9C1 are the same); oversized front and rear sway bars; full-size spare tire (in the case of

5330-632: The public and thus almost always have proper markings, roof-mounted emergency lights, and sirens. A response car, also known as a pursuit car, area car, rapid response unit, or fast response car, is a police car used to ensure quick responses to emergencies compared to patrol cars. It is likely to be of a higher specification, capable of higher speeds, and often fitted with unique markings and increased-visibility emergency lights. These cars are generally only used to respond to emergency incidents and may carry specialized equipment not used in regular patrol cars, such as long arms . A traffic car, also known as

5412-618: The public face of the State Police because their crews are in direct contact with citizens. They follow up on all calls coming to the police emergency number, which is 113 in Italy, even though since few years some provinces transitioned to the european unique emergency number 112 . They, therefore, are called on to address all types of incidents, from simple noise complaints, domestic incidents, as well as serious crimes such as fights, muggings, robberies or murders. Mobile units often patrol beats, with

5494-647: The rear of the vehicle, and ramps to allow bomb disposal robots to access the vehicle. Bomb disposal vehicles are generally not explosive-resistant and are only used for transporting explosives for disposal, not actively disposing of them. An armed police vehicle is a police vehicle that has lethal weaponry installed on it . These are often technicals or light utility vehicles with machine gun turrets , and may or may not lack emergency lights and sirens. Armed police vehicles are very rare and are usually only used in wartime, in regions with very high violent crime rates, or where combat with organized crime or insurgencies

5576-474: The rear or sides, making them appear unmarked when viewed from the front. Another unofficial passive visual warning of police vehicles can simply be the vehicle's silhouette if its use as a police car is common, such as that of the Ford Crown Victoria in North America, or the presence of emergency vehicle equipment on the vehicle, such as a pushbar or a roof-mounted lightbar. Active visual warnings are

5658-448: The rear to secure the detainee, or a dedicated transport vehicle may be called. Weapons may be stored in the trunk or front compartment of the vehicle. In countries where police officers are already armed with handguns , long guns such as rifles or shotguns may be kept on a gun rack in the front or in the trunk, alongside ammunition. In countries where police are not armed or do not keep their guns on them, handguns may be kept in

5740-429: The road. In many countries, use of the audible and visual warnings affords the officer a degree of exemption from road traffic laws (such as the right to exceed speed limits, or to treat red stop lights as a yield sign) and may also suggest a duty on other motorists to yield for the police car and allow it to pass. Warning systems on a police vehicle can be of two types: passive or active . Passive visual warnings are

5822-482: The same as patrol cars to dedicated SUVs, pickup trucks, or vans. To provide sufficient space for the police dog, there is usually a cage in the trunk or rear seats with enough space for the dog, though some agencies may put the cage in the front passenger seat, or may lack a cage entirely and simply have the dog in the rear compartment. There may or may not be space to transport detainees or additional officers. Police dog vehicles almost always have markings noting they have

5904-468: The same models as patrol cars, and may barely differ from them aside from markings, radar speed guns , and traffic-oriented equipment. An unmarked car is a police car that lacks markings and easily-visible or roof-mounted emergency lights. They are generally used for varying purposes, ranging from standard patrol and traffic enforcement to sting operations and detective work. They have the advantage of not being immediately recognizable, and are considered

5986-402: The scene in a manner safer than what could be achieved with a standard police car. Common modifications include tear gas launchers, shields, and caged windows. Some riot control vehicles also include less-lethal weaponry and devices, such as water cannons and long-range acoustic devices . A community engagement vehicle, also known as a liaison vehicle, demonstration vehicle, or parade car,

6068-463: The specifications required by the purchasing police service. Several vehicle manufacturers provide a "police package" option, which is built to police specifications from the factory. Agencies may add to these modifications by adding their own equipment and making their own modifications after purchasing a vehicle. Modifications a police car might undergo include adjustments for higher durability, speed, high-mileage driving, and long periods of idling at

6150-715: The vehicle appeals to. Some cars can be visibly marked but not fitted with audio or visual warning devices. These are often used by community liaison officers, administrative staff, or high-ranking officers for transport to meetings, engagements, and community events. Some vehicles are produced by automotive manufacturers with police markings to showcase them to police departments; these are usually concepts, prototypes, or reveals of their police fleet offerings. Emergency vehicle equipment manufacturers such as Federal Signal , Whelen , and Code 3 also use unofficial police cars to demonstrate their emergency vehicle equipment. Police cars are usually passenger car models which are upgraded to

6232-452: The vehicle lights. Audible warnings are the sirens on the vehicle. These sirens alert road users to the presence of an emergency vehicle before they can be seen, to warn of their approach. The first audible warnings were mechanical bells, mounted to either the front or roof of the car. A later development was the rotating air siren , which makes noise when air moves past it. Most modern police vehicles use electronic sirens, which can produce

6314-697: The very least, the word " police " (or a similar applicable phrase if the agency does not use that term, such as " sheriff ", " gendarmerie ", " state trooper ", " public safety " etc.) and the agency's name or jurisdiction (such as " national police " or " Chicago Police "). Also common are the agency's seal, the jurisdiction's seal, and a unit number. Text is usually in the national language or local language, though other languages may be used where appropriate, such as in ethnic enclaves or areas with large numbers of tourists. Unmarked vehicles generally lack passive visual warnings, while ghost cars have markings that are visible only at certain angles, such as from

6396-441: Was dropped in favor of a much more powerful 3.6L LFX V6. The new 3.6L V6 made 300 hp and 262 lb-ft of torque, and was mated to a six speed automatic transmission. 0-60 time was drastically improved at 7.2 seconds, and the 9C1 now had a top speed of 150 mph. For the first time, electronic stability control was standard on the 9C1. The 2012 9C1 also received larger, 17 inch steel wheels with front brake ventilation via

6478-483: Was equipped with electric lights, gongs, and a stretcher. The car's first assignment was to pick up a drunken man at the junction of Main and Exchange streets. Ford introduced the flathead V8 in the 1932 Ford as the first mass-marketed V8 car; this low-priced, mass-marketed V8 car became popular with police in the United States , establishing strong brand loyalty that continued into the 21st century. Starting in

6560-429: Was improved at 8.4 seconds, as was top speed at 139 mph. The steel wheels were also a carryover from the 8th generation Impala 9C1, as were the optional hubcaps. Traction control was once again unavailable on the 9C1 model. The new 9th generation Impala 9C1 featured dual power seats, automatic headlights, cruise control, keyless entry, tire pressure monitor, digital speedometer readout, reinforced front seat frames with

6642-408: Was offered exclusively for sale to law enforcement. The 9C1 package made its return, denoting patrol-ready versions, deleting the standard center console (for police computers), handbrake (for a footbrake), and adding vinyl flooring. In 2012, a 3.6L V6 was introduced as a standard engine, with the 6.0L V8 becoming an option (the first time since 1990 that a V6 was offered in a Caprice). The Caprice PPV

6724-510: Was offered with a 9C3 package from 2011 to 2013, denoting unmarked models, largely based on the Middle East export trim Caprice LS with "Westernized" features where necessary and the Holden Caprice's gear shifter and hand brake. Following the introduction of the WN Caprice for 2014, all PPVs adopted the 9C1 package, with the update including a column-mounted transmission shifter. Coinciding with

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