Misplaced Pages

#317682

99-631: The river's name comes from the Ojibwe misi-zaagi , meaning "river with a wide mouth". The Mississagi River begins in a small unnamed lake in Sudbury District and flows south 8 kilometres (5 mi) from that point to the border of Algoma District, then southeast through a north-east corner of the district, before returning once again to Sudbury District at White Owl Lake, from which it flows into Mississagi Lake at an elevation of 457 metres (1,499 ft). The river then turns south and heads to Kettle Lake,

198-494: A lingua franca or trade language in the circum-Great Lakes area , particularly in interactions with speakers of other Algonquian languages. Documentation of such usage dates from the 18th and 19th centuries, but earlier use is likely, with reports as early as 1703 suggesting that Ojibwe was used by different groups from the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to Lake Winnipeg , and from as far south as Ohio to Hudson Bay . Documentation from

297-435: A schwa and depending on the writer, may be transcribed as "i", "e" or "a". For example, anami'egiizhigad [ na · m ' e · gii · zh gad /əˌnaməˈʔɛːˌɡiːʒəˌɡad/ ] (Sunday, literally 'prayer day') may be transcribed as anama'egiizhigad in those dialects. The general grammatical characteristics of Ojibwe are shared across its dialects. The Ojibwe language is polysynthetic , exhibiting characteristics of synthesis and

396-534: A "leading global facilities management provider". BGIS expanded rapidly following Brookfield's taking control of BGIS in 2015, In 2016, when BGIS acquired the US-based data centre facility management service—McKinstry FMS—which had over "350 engineers, technicians, planners and program managers", BGIS became one of the largest facility management companies serving data centres in North America. By 2017, when Gord Hicks

495-569: A $ 182.3 billion bailout package from the federal government, which Brookfield argued overturned AIG's bankruptcy protection. The insurance firm countersued, claiming that Brookfield was trying to get out of its $ 1.5 billion debt to AIG. The litigation ended with Brookfield paying $ 905 million to settle the lawsuit. In March 2013, the Southern Investigative Reporting Foundation called into question Brookfield's makeup. The analysis written by Roddy Boyd accused

594-601: A 99-year lease on the financially troubled 666 Fifth Avenue skyscraper, of Donald Trump 's son in law Jared Kushner . The deal raised suspicions that the Qatar Investment Authority , a major investor in Brookfield, was attempting to influence the Trump administration . In November 2020, it was revealed that Brookfield might be partnering with telecommunications giant Rogers Communications to introduce condominiums to

693-456: A central role in Ojibwe grammar. Noun inflection and particularly verb inflection indicate a wide variety of grammatical information, realized through the use of prefixes and suffixes added to word stems . Grammatical characteristics include the following: There is a distinction between two different types of third person : the proximate (the third person deemed more important or in focus) and

792-567: A geographical term of convenience rather than a genetic subgroup , and its use does not indicate that the Central languages are more closely related to each other than to the other Algonquian languages. The most general Indigenous designation for the language is Anishinaabemowin 'speaking the native language' ( Anishinaabe 'native person,' verb suffix –mo 'speak a language,' suffix –win 'nominalizer'), with varying spellings and pronunciations depending upon dialect. Some speakers use

891-662: A group called Birch Mountain Shareholders for Justice filed a lawsuit with the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against Brookfield Asset Management, challenging an acquisition and transfer of assets. Birch Mountain had run into financial troubles and accused Brookfield of financial engineering that resulted in Brookfield acquiring the company's $ 1.6 billion limestone quarry for $ 50 million. According to Birch Mountain, Brookfield had made use of death spiral financing and insider trading . After five years of litigation

990-577: A high morpheme -to-word ratio. Ojibwe is a head-marking language in which inflectional morphology on nouns and particularly verbs carries significant amounts of grammatical information. Word classes include nouns , verbs , grammatical particles , pronouns , preverbs , and prenouns . Preferred word orders in a simple transitive sentence are verb-initial, such as verb–object–subject and verb–subject–object . While verb-final orders are dispreferred, all logically possible orders are attested. Complex inflectional and derivational morphology play

1089-439: A large role, but today tourism is the primary activity along the river. Highway 129 follows the river from Wharncliffe until the river turns east at Aubrey Falls. The lower river is an important spawning ground for lake sturgeon . Aubrey Falls Provincial Park is on the river at Aubrey Falls. Mississagi River Provincial Park encompasses the upper reaches of the river including Mississagi Lake. Mississagi Provincial Park

SECTION 10

#1732844922318

1188-633: A o/ and three corresponding long vowels /iː aː oː/ in addition to a fourth long vowel /eː/ , which lacks a corresponding short vowel. The short vowel /i/ typically has phonetic values centring on [ɪ] ; /a/ typically has values centring on [ə]~[ʌ] ; and /o/ typically has values centring on [o]~[ʊ] . Long /oː/ is pronounced [uː] for many speakers, and /eː/ is often [ɛː] . Ojibwe has nasal vowels . Some arising predictably by rule in all analyses, and other long nasal vowels are of uncertain phonological status. The latter have been analysed as underlying phonemes and/or as predictable and derived by

1287-867: A public company to develop hydro-electric power operations and other utility services in Brazil, becoming a holding company for São Paulo Tramway Co. and Rio de Janeiro Tramway Co. In 1916, Great Lakes Power Company was incorporated to provide hydro-electric power in Sault Ste. Marie and the Algoma District in Ontario. In 1959, Edper Investments , founded by brothers Peter and Edward Bronfman , acquired Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company for $ 15 million. In 1966, Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company changed its name to Brazilian Light and Power Company, and again in 1969, changed its name to Brascan Limited. Brascan

1386-427: A third subgroup which is further divided into (i) a subgrouping of Northwestern Ojibwe and Saulteaux , and a subgrouping consisting of Eastern Ojibwe and a further subgrouping comprising Southwestern Ojibwe and Central Ojibwe. Valentine has proposed that Ojibwe dialects are divided into three groups: a northern tier consisting of Severn Ojibwe and Algonquin; a southern tier consisting of "Odawa, Chippewa, Eastern Ojibwe,

1485-538: Is a portmanteau of "Brasil" and "Canada". During the 1970s, the company began to sell its Brazilian interests, and invested more heavily in industries such as real estate, timber and mining. In 1979, the last of the company's Brazilian assets were transferred to Brazilian ownership ( Eletropaulo and Light S.A.), the company meanwhile having diversified to other areas. The company provided electricity and tram services in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. After restructuring,

1584-515: Is a Canadian multinational company that is one of the world's largest alternative investment management companies, with over US$ 900 billion of assets under management in 2023. It focuses on direct control investments in real estate, renewable power , infrastructure, credit and private equity. The company invests in distressed securities through Oaktree Capital , which it bought in 2019. Brookfield's headquarters are in Toronto . The company

1683-490: Is a significant Ojibwe influence. In locations such as Turtle Mountain, North Dakota individuals of Ojibwe ancestry now speak Michif and Ojibwe. Bungi Creole is an English-based Creole language spoken in Manitoba by the descendants of "English, Scottish, and Orkney fur traders and their Cree or Saulteaux wives ...". Bungee incorporates elements of Cree; the name may be from the Ojibwe word bangii 'a little bit' or

1782-548: Is actually aiming to be net-zero by 2050, For the fiscal year 2018, Brookfield Asset Management reported earnings of US$ 3.584 billion, with an annual revenue of $ 56.771 billion, an increase of 39.2% over the previous fiscal cycle. Brookfield Asset Management's shares traded at over $ 38 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over $ 40.8 billion in November 2018. Brookfield Asset Management's shares traded at $ 32.71 per share, and its market capitalization

1881-585: Is adduced. The Central languages share a significant number of common features. These features can generally be attributed to diffusion of features through borrowing: "Extensive lexical, phonological, and perhaps grammatical borrowing—the diffusion of elements and features across language boundaries—appears to have been the major factor in giving the languages in the area of the Upper Great Lakes their generally similar cast, and it has not been possible to find any shared innovations substantial enough to require

1980-494: Is also in place at Lowell Elementary School in Duluth, Minnesota . The Algonquian language family of which Ojibwemowin is itself a member of the Algic language family, other Algic languages being Wiyot and Yurok . Ojibwe is sometimes described as a Central Algonquian language, along with Fox , Cree , Menominee , Miami-Illinois , Potawatomi , and Shawnee . Central Algonquian is

2079-676: Is an indigenous language of North America of the Algonquian language family . The language is characterized by a series of dialects that have local names and frequently local writing systems . There is no single dialect that is considered the most prestigious or most prominent, and no standard writing system that covers all dialects. Dialects of Ojibwemowin are spoken in Canada, from southwestern Quebec , through Ontario , Manitoba and parts of Saskatchewan , with outlying communities in Alberta ; and in

SECTION 20

#1732844922318

2178-613: Is an open-source app available for iOS devices. The Ojibwe People's Dictionary is an online language resource created in collaboration with the University of Minnesota. It is an accessible system that allows users to search in English or Ojibwe and includes voice recordings for many of the 17 000 entries in the collection. Despite what they have faced in the American and Canadian Governments' attempt to force Ojibwe into language death through

2277-846: Is called makade-mashkikiwaaboo ('black liquid-medicine') by many speakers, rather than gaapii . These new words vary from region to region, and occasionally from community to community. For example, in Northwest Ontario Ojibwemowin , 'airplane' is ombaasijigan , literally 'device that gets uplifted by the wind' (from ombaasin , 'to be uplifted by the wind') as opposed to the Minnesota bemisemagak . Like any language dialects spanning vast regions, some words that may have had identical meaning at one time have evolved to have different meanings today. For example, zhooniyaans (literally 'small[-amount of] money' and used to refer to coins) specifically means 'dime' (10-cent piece) in

2376-447: Is known that some speakers of Menominee also speak Ojibwe and that the pattern persisted into the 20th century. Similarly, bilingualism in Ojibwe is still common among Potawatomis who speak Potawatomi. Reports from traders and travellers as early as 1744 indicate that speakers of Menominee , another Algonquian language, used Ojibwe as a lingua franca. Other reports from the 18th century and the early 19th century indicate that speakers of

2475-543: Is more commonly employed in the United States and in southwestern Ontario among descendants of Ojibwe migrants from the United States. Ojibwe and Potawatomi are frequently viewed as being more closely related to each other than to other Algonquian languages. Ojibwe and Potawatomi have been proposed as likely candidates for forming a genetic subgroup within Proto-Algonquian , although the required research to ascertain

2574-798: Is not in dispute. The relatively low degrees of mutual intelligibility between some nonadjacent Ojibwe dialects led Rhodes and Todd to suggest that Ojibwe should be analyzed as a linguistic subgroup consisting of several languages. While there is some variation in the classification of Ojibwe dialects, at a minimum the following are recognized, proceeding west to east: Western Ojibwe (Saulteaux) , Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa) , Northwestern Ojibwe , Severn Ojibwe (Oji-Cree) , Ottawa (Odawa) , Eastern Ojibwe , and Algonquin . Based upon contemporary field research, Valentine also recognizes several other dialects: Berens Ojibwe in northwestern Ontario, which he distinguishes from Northwestern Ojibwe; North of (Lake) Superior; and Nipissing. The latter two cover approximately

2673-664: Is on the Boland River, a tributary of the Little White River. Mississagi Delta Provincial Nature Reserve Park encompasses the river's delta mouth. The Voyageur Hiking Trail follows the lower portion of the river near Iron Bridge. [REDACTED] Media related to Mississagi River at Wikimedia Commons Ojibwe language Ojibwe ( / oʊ ˈ dʒ ɪ b w eɪ / oh- JIB -way ), also known as Ojibwa ( / oʊ ˈ dʒ ɪ b w ə / oh- JIB -wə ), Ojibway , Otchipwe , Ojibwemowin , or Anishinaabemowin ,

2772-476: Is phonologically contrastive and so is phonemic . Although long and short vowels are phonetically distinguished by vowel quality, vowel length is phonologically relevant since the distinction between long and short vowels correlates with the occurrence of vowel syncope , which characterizes the Ottawa and Eastern Ojibwe dialects, as well as word stress patterns in the language. There are three short vowels /i

2871-497: Is present in phonological representations . The Ottawa and Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa) have /h/ in a small number of affective vocabulary items in addition to regular /ʔ/ . Some dialects may have otherwise non-occurring sounds such as /f, l, r/ in loanwords . Obstruent consonants are divided into lenis and fortis sets, with these features having varying phonological analyses and phonetic realizations cross-dialectally. In some dialects, such as Severn Ojibwe, members of

2970-742: Is supported by the United Arab Emirates to enhance climate finance in emerging markets. Launched at COP28 in Dubai in December 2023, the fund was anchored by a $ 1 billion commitment from ALTERRA, a UAE-based climate fund with a goal of attracting $ 250 billion in investments by 2030. Notable investors for CTF included Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec , Prudential plc , and Temasek and GIC . In October 2024, Brookfield Asset Management outbid Segro to acquire European property company Tritax EuroBox for US$ 1.44 billion, including debt. In September 2010,

3069-403: Is the most plausible explanation for the distinctive linguistic features found in these three dialects. Many communities adjacent to these relatively sharply differentiated dialects show a mix of transitional features, reflecting overlap with other nearby dialects. While each of these dialects has undergone innovations that make them distinctive, their status as part of the Ojibwe language complex

Mississagi River - Misplaced Pages Continue

3168-413: The 2000 United States Census and the 2006 Canadian census . The Ojibwe language is reported as spoken by a total of 8,791 people in the United States of which 7,355 are Native Americans and by as many as 47,740 in Canada, making it one of the largest Algic languages by numbers of speakers. The Red Lake , White Earth , and Leech Lake reservations are known for their tradition of singing hymns in

3267-589: The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 mandated the phasing-out of the Native American boarding school program, the practice of sending youth to these institutions continued into the 1960s and 1970s. Because children were forced to live away from their home communities, many never had the opportunity to hear and use their native language. This government assimilation effort caused widespread loss of language and culture among indigenous communities, including

3366-540: The obviative (the third person deemed less important or out of focus). Nouns can be singular or plural in number and either animate or inanimate in gender. Separate personal pronouns exist but are used mainly for emphasis; they distinguish inclusive and exclusive first-person plurals. Verbs, the most complex word class, are inflected for one of three orders ( indicative , the default; conjunct , used for participles and in subordinate clauses ; and imperative , used with commands), as negative or affirmative, and for

3465-469: The $ 600 billion Brookfield Asset Management portfolio was carbon neutral . He based his claim on the fact that Brookfield has a large renewable energy portfolio and "all the avoided emissions that come with that". The claim was criticized as an accounting trick, as avoided emissions do not counteract the emissions from investments in coal and other fossil fuels responsible for a carbon footprint of about 5,200 metric tons of carbon dioxide. The company

3564-664: The 17th century indicates that the Wyandot language (also called Huron), one of the Iroquoian languages , was also used as a trade language east of the Great Lakes by speakers of the Nipissing and Algonquin dialects of Ojibwe, and also by other groups south of the Great Lakes, including the Winnebago and by a group of unknown affiliation identified only as "Assistaeronon." The political decline of

3663-504: The Abinette River at an elevation of 411 metres (1,348 ft), splits into two channels to form an island at 46°56′22″N 82°48′05″W  /  46.93944°N 82.80139°W  / 46.93944; -82.80139 , recombines at 46°55′55″N 82°48′52″W  /  46.93194°N 82.81444°W  / 46.93194; -82.81444 , and enters the large Rocky Island Lake at an elevation of 410 metres (1,345 ft), where

3762-674: The Cree equivalent, but whether there is any other Ojibwe component in Bungee is not documented. Ojibwe borrowings have been noted in Menominee , a related Algonquian language . All dialects of Ojibwe generally have an inventory of 17 consonants . Most dialects have the segment glottal stop /ʔ/ in their inventory of consonant phonemes; Severn Ojibwe and the Algonquin dialect have /h/ in its place. Some dialects have both segments phonetically, but only one

3861-564: The Hurons in the 18th century and the ascendancy of Ojibwe-speaking groups including the Ottawa led to the replacement of Huron as a lingua franca. In the area east of Georgian Bay , the Nipissing dialect was a trade language. In the Lower Peninsula of Michigan , the eastern end of the Upper Peninsula , the area between Lake Erie and Lake Huron , and along the north shore of Georgian Bay,

3960-556: The Ojibwe language is kept alive through indigenous methods of teaching, which emphasizes hands-on experiences, such as the sugar bush harvest. The language is then passed on in a similar manner in which it has been throughout history in that older members of the community—including elders/instructors and older students at the schools—relay their knowledge and experiences to the younger generation. Ojibwe communities are found in Canada from southwestern Quebec , through Ontario , southern Manitoba and parts of southern Saskatchewan ; and in

4059-510: The Ojibwe language is notable for its relative lack of borrowing from other languages. Instead, speakers far prefer to create words for new concepts from existing vocabulary. For example in Minnesota Ojibwemowin , 'airplane' is bemisemagak , literally 'thing that flies' (from bimisemagad , 'to fly'), and 'battery' is ishkode-makakoons , literally 'little fire-box' (from ishkode , 'fire', and makak , 'box'). Even 'coffee'

Mississagi River - Misplaced Pages Continue

4158-421: The Ojibwe language may be more culturally meaningful to communities than simply educating about the culture through English. The goal, as with many other language immersion schools across the country, is to meet state-mandated standards for curriculum in the native language. This can be a challenge as public education standards are rigorous with curriculum on complex mathematic and scientific concepts occurring at

4257-583: The Ojibwe language, is a language of action." Therefore, students are encouraged to learn the language by observing and by doing. For example, each spring the students at Waadookodaading participate in a maple sugar harvest. Older students and elders instruct the younger students on the harvest process, narrating what they are doing in Ojibwemowin as the younger students observe. The younger students are then encouraged to participate as they learn, gathering wood, helping to drill trees, and hauling buckets of sap. Thus,

4356-402: The Ojibwe language. These courses mainly target adults and young adults; however, there are many resources for all age groups, including online games which provide domains for online language use. In the 1980s, The Northern Native-Languages Project was introduced in Ontario to get Indigenous languages such as Ojibwe, to be taught in schools. Years later, the first curriculum was established for

4455-420: The Ojibwe language. As of 2011, Ojibwe is the official language of Red Lake. Because the dialects of Ojibwe are at least partly mutually intelligible, Ojibwe is usually considered to be a single language with a number of dialects, i.e. Ojibwe is "... conventionally regarded as a single language consisting of a continuum of dialectal varieties since ... every dialect is at least partly intelligible to

4554-527: The Ojibwe of the Border Lakes region between Minnesota and Ontario, and Saulteaux; and third, a transitional zone between these two polar groups, in which there is a mixture of northern and southern features." Michif is a mixed language that primarily is based upon French and Plains Cree , with some vocabulary from Ojibwe, in addition to phonological influence in Michif-speaking communities where there

4653-584: The Ojibwe people. With the remaining population of native speakers declining as older generations pass away, many historians consider now an important point in the language's history that will determine if it will proliferate or become extinct. Ojibwe historian Anton Treuer estimates that there are about 1,000 speakers of Ojibwe left in the United States, most residing in Minnesota on the Red Lake Indian Reservation or in Mille Lacs region. Teacher of

4752-402: The Ottawa dialect served as a trade language. In the area south of Lake Superior and west of Lake Michigan Southwestern Ojibwe was the trade language. A widespread pattern of asymmetrical bilingualism is found in the area south of the Great Lakes in which speakers of Potawatomi or Menominee, both Algonquian languages, also spoke Ojibwe, but Ojibwe speakers did not speak the other languages. It

4851-679: The Sharpsand River and the Rapid River in quick succession, and further on, another left tributary, Snowshoe Creek from Wakomata Lake. Then it reaches Tunnel Lake, formed by the George W Rayner Generating Station and Wells Generating Station and associated dams. The river then heads southeast where the left tributary Little White River enters, and continues to Red Rock Lake, created by the Red Rock Falls Generating Station and dam, over

4950-582: The Shino Rapids, takes in the right tributary Bolton River , then reaches the North Channel on Lake Huron. Over the period 1961 to 2023, the Mississagi River has a mean flow of 118 cubic metres per second (4,200 cu ft/s). Mean minimal flow is 38.3 cubic metres per second (1,350 cu ft/s) and mean maximum flow is 255 cubic metres per second (9,000 cu ft/s). Record maximum flow

5049-675: The United States from northern Michigan through northern Wisconsin and northern Minnesota , with a number of communities in northern North Dakota and northern Montana . Groups of speakers of the Ottawa dialect migrated to Kansas and Oklahoma during the historical period, with a small amount of linguistic documentation of the language in Oklahoma. The presence of Ojibwe in British Columbia has been noted. Current census data indicate that all varieties of Ojibwe are spoken by approximately 56,531 people. This figure reflects census data from

SECTION 50

#1732844922318

5148-471: The United States, but a 'quarter' (25-cent piece) in Canada, or desabiwin (literally 'thing to sit upon') means 'couch' or 'chair' in Canada, but is used to specifically mean 'saddle' in the United States. Cases like 'battery' and 'coffee' also demonstrate the often great difference between the literal meanings of the individual morphemes in a word, and the overall meaning of the entire word. Brookfield Asset Management Brookfield Corporation

5247-894: The United States, from Michigan to Wisconsin and Minnesota , with a number of communities in North Dakota and Montana , as well as groups that were removed to Kansas and Oklahoma during the Indian Removal period . While there is some variation in the classification of its dialects, at least the following are recognized, from east to west: Algonquin , Eastern Ojibwe , Ottawa (Odawa) , Western Ojibwe (Saulteaux) , Oji-Cree (Severn Ojibwe) , Northwestern Ojibwe , and Southwestern Ojibwe (Chippewa) . Based upon contemporary field research, J. R. Valentine also recognizes several other dialects: Berens Ojibwe in northwestern Ontario, which he distinguishes from Northwestern Ojibwe; North of (Lake) Superior; and Nipissing. The latter two cover approximately

5346-628: The Waadookodaading Ojibwe Language Immersion School located on the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation in northern Wisconsin. Most students come from English-speaking homes and are learning Ojibwemowin as their second language. At this school, instructors and elders teach the preschoolers to third graders entirely in the Ojibwe language, so that by the time that students complete kindergarten, they know both English and Ojibwe alphabets and writing systems. In

5445-634: The Year for the BGIS sale. By 2018, Brookfield's major public subsidiaries included Brookfield Infrastructure Partners, Brookfield Renewable Partners, Brookfield Property Partners, and Brookfield Business Partners. In August 2018, Brookfield purchased Westinghouse Electric Company , a manufacturer of large nuclear reactors, out of bankruptcy for $ 4.6 billion. On March 13, 2019, Brookfield Asset Management announced that it had agreed to buy most of Oaktree Capital Management for about $ 4.7 billion, creating one of

5544-525: The beginning of a word are frequently lost. In the Ottawa and Eastern Ojibwe dialects, all metrically weak vowels are deleted. For example, bemisemagak(in) (airplane(s), in the Southwestern Ojibwe dialect) is stressed as [ be · m se · m gak /ˈbɛːmɪˌseːmʌˌɡak/ ] in the singular but as [ be · m se · m ga · kin /ˌbeːmɪˈsɛːmʌˌɡaˌkin/ ] in the plural. In some other dialects, metrically weak (unstressed) vowels, especially "a" and "i", are reduced to

5643-636: The building control industry. By 2012, Brookfield and Johnson Controls became an established industry leader with 11,500 locations across Canada. In 2007, Brookfield Asset Management acquired the Multiplex , an Australian international construction contracting company founded in 1962 by John Roberts . which was valued at that time at approximately A$ 7.3 billion. It was renamed Brookfield Multiplex in 2016. In 2012 Brookfield Asset Management and Johnson Controls Global WorkPlace Solutions (GWS) merged to create Brookfield Johnson Controls. In 2002, Bruce Flatt

5742-460: The case was dismissed, based on the fact that Birch Mountain had failed to present credible evidence. In May 2015, the plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal, but their case was likewise dismissed two years later. In 2009, Brookfield sued financial and insurance giant American International Group (AIG) in a Manhattan federal court, alleging that AIG's collapse caused default provisions in interest-rate swaps . The suit stemmed from AIG's acceptance of

5841-401: The case, the investigation and filing of charges was initiated by a whistleblower and anonymous tip. Later it was revealed that the whistleblower was the former CFO of a Brookfield subsidiary. She claims she was fired for refusing to participate in Brookfield's bribery scheme. The company disclosed the investigations on several 6-K forms between 2013 and 2015. In August 2018, Brookfield signed

5940-507: The classroom, students generally first become familiar with the language by hearing and speaking it and then advance to reading and writing it as well. They are taught mathematics, reading, social studies, music, and other typical school subjects through the medium of the Ojibwe language so as to increase student's exposure to Ojibwemowin while providing a well-rounded education. In her research study on Ojibwe immersion schools, Ojibwe scholar and educator Mary Hermes suggests that educating through

6039-650: The companies to split the revenue from those facilities. On December 9, 2022, the company's name was changed from Brookfield Asset Management Inc. to Brookfield Corporation. Brookfield Corporation then spun-off 25% interest in their asset management business into the new publicly listed Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. In 2024, Brookfield Asset Management entered into an agreement with Microsoft to develop around 10.5 gigawatts of new renewable energy capacity to build new wind and solar farms. On 23 September 2024, Brookfield Asset Management announced that it had raised $ 2.4 billion for its Catalytic Transition Fund (CTF), which

SECTION 60

#1732844922318

6138-428: The company of using a pyramidal control structure, alleging that a small group of shareholders hold outsized power and may easily use the capital of other investors without risking their own. In 2013, a Brazilian prosecutor filed charges against the company's local division, alleging the company paid bribes to local officials, which is also a violation of U.S. federal criminal law. The bribes were allegedly used to pave

6237-423: The company's Brazilian portfolio operated as Light S.A. , short for Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Co. Ltd. In 1992, Brookfield and Johnson Controls was established through a merger in Canada of Brookfield and Johnson Controls —a building systems and facility management company that was founded in the late 19th century by Warren S. Johnson , whose invention of the first electric room thermostat helped launch

6336-537: The educational system, many indigenous communities across the Great Lakes region are making efforts towards the Ojibwe language revival by similarly using the school system. Largely inspired by the success of Polynesian languages immersion schools in Hawaii and New Zealand , similar school programs have been starting throughout Minnesota and Wisconsin in recent years. One of the most notable programs—developed by Ojibwe educators Lisa LaRonge and Keller Paap —is that of

6435-611: The entry of Brookfield in India's hospitality market. In 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic , Brookfield's CEO Bruce Flatt assessed that the economic fallout was "much more manageable" than previous meltdowns. In October 2020, Mark Carney , departing Governor of the Bank of England , became a vice-chair of Brookfield, leading the firm's environmental, social and governance (ESG) and impact fund investment strategy. On April 25, 2022, it

6534-540: The fortis set are realized as a sequence of /h/ followed by a single segment drawn from the set of lenis consonants: /p t k tʃ s ʃ/ . Algonquin Ojibwe is reported as distinguishing fortis and lenis consonants on the basis of voicing , with fortis being voiceless and lenis being voiced. In other dialects fortis consonants are realized as having greater duration than the corresponding lenis consonant, invariably voiceless, "vigorously articulated," and aspirated in certain environments. In some practical orthographies such as

6633-417: The furthest point east it reaches, before continuing south and entering Mississagi River Provincial Park at Upper Bark Lake at an elevation of 446 metres (1,463 ft). The river then continues south and crosses back into Algoma District, where it remains for the rest of its journey to Lake Huron, and enters the large L-shaped Bark Lake. It then heads west through Hellgate Rapids, takes in its right tributary

6732-530: The important role language revitalization has in treating health concerns. The use of language connects a community through shared views and supports the well-being of said community. Researchers found that language and the notion of culture were intertwined together instead of being separate concepts, and the people who regularly practiced their language and culture were often associated with more positive health outcomes, particularly for psychological health and mental well-being. An "Ojibway Language and People" app

6831-665: The language Keller Paap approximates that most fluent speakers in the United States are over 70 years old, making exposure to spoken Ojibwemowin limited in many communities. Ojibwe educators and scholars across the region are working with the remaining elders who speak Ojibwemowin, known as the First Speakers, so as to document and learn the language in hopes to preserve it and pass it on to the next generation of speakers. In recent years, historian and Ojibwe professor Anton Treuer has been recording stories told by about 50 different Ojibwe elders in their native language so as to preserve both

6930-449: The language and language structure; however, it does not help grow the use of the language outside of a school setting. The most effective way of promoting language is being surrounded by the language, especially in a familial setting. This is difficult to replicate in schools, which is why speaking Ojibwe with family and in one's home life is important in growing language revitalization. Research has been done in Ojibwe communities to prove

7029-431: The language and pieces of knowledge and history. Alongside his current mentor, a Ponemah elder named Eugene Stillday, he writes the recorded stories in both Ojibwe and translated English. Recently, there has been more of a push toward bringing the Ojibwe language back into more common use, through language classes and programs sponsored by universities, sometimes available to non-students, which are essential to passing on

7128-418: The largest vendor contracts at that time. The vendor with the second largest federal government contracts in 2021-2022 was IBM Canada with a contract valued at c. 476 million. In 2019, Brookfield Asset Management sold its BGIS shares to CCMP Capital Advisors —an American private equity investment firm—for over CAD$ 1.3 billion with Hicks remaining as CEO. and was awarded the 2020 Private Equity Deal of

7227-542: The late 19th century, the American federal Native American boarding school initiative which forced Native American children to attend government-run boarding schools in an attempt to "acculturate" them into American society. Often far from their home communities, these schools attempted to remove any ties children had to their native culture and to limit their ability to visit home. Students were forced to speak English, cut their hair, dress in uniform, practise Christianity, and learn about European culture and history. Although

7326-399: The linguistic history and status of a hypothetical "Ojibwe–Potawatomi" subgroup has not yet been undertaken. A discussion of Algonquian family subgroups indicates that "Ojibwe–Potawatomi is another possibility that awaits investigation." In a proposed consensus classification of Algonquian languages, Goddard (1996) classifies Ojibwa and Potawatomi as "Ojibwayan," although no supporting evidence

7425-415: The metrical foot defines the domain for relative prominence , in which a strong syllable is assigned stress because it is more prominent than the weak member of the foot. Typically, the strong syllable in the antepenultimate foot is assigned the primary stress. Strong syllables that do not receive main stress are assigned at least secondary stress. In some dialects, metrically weak (unstressed) vowels at

7524-444: The operation of phonological rules from sequences of a long vowel and /n/ and another segment, typically /j/. Placement of word stress is determined by metrical rules that define a characteristic iambic metrical foot , in which a weak syllable is followed by a strong syllable. A foot consists of a minimum of one syllable and a maximum of two syllables, with each foot containing a maximum of one strong syllable. The structure of

7623-399: The person, number, animacy, and proximate/obviative status of both the subject and object as well as for several different modes (including the dubitative and preterit ) and tenses. Although it does contain a few loans from English (e.g. gaapii , 'coffee') and French (e.g. mooshwe , 'handkerchief' (from mouchoir ), ni-tii , 'tea' (from le thé , 'the tea'), in general,

7722-416: The postulation of a genetically distinct Central Algonquian subgroup." The possibility that the proposed genetic subgrouping of Ojibwa and Potawatomi can also be accounted for as diffusion has also been raised: "The putative Ojibwa–Potawatomi subgroup is similarly open to question, but cannot be evaluated without more information on Potawatomi dialects." Several different Ojibwe dialects have functioned as

7821-446: The program and it was known as Native Languages 1987. There has also been an increase in published children's literature. The increase in materials published in Ojibwe is essential to increasing the number of speakers. Language revitalization through Ojibwe frameworks also allows for cultural concepts to be conveyed through language. A 2014 study has indicated that learning Indigenous languages such as Ojibwe in school helps in learning

7920-408: The question as to whether or not they should include English instruction. Some research suggests that learning to write in one's first language is important prior to learning a second language. Therefore, many schools include some level of English education at certain grade levels. Along with using the native language, Waadookodaading uses native ways of teaching in its education system. "Ojibwemowin,

8019-598: The right tributary Cypress River enters. The Mississagi River then flows into Aubrey Lake, partially formed by the Aubrey Falls Generating Station ( hydro ) and dam, and where the Wenebegon Rivers joins. Not all the water is funnelled into the station, however; some continues to form the Aubrey Falls. The river turns south and the right tributary Aubinadong River enters, followed by two left tributaries,

8118-548: The river to travel between the forests of the interior and Lake Huron. In 1799, the North West Company built a fur trading post at the mouth of the river, which became a Hudson's Bay Company post in 1821 when these 2 companies merged. In the 1830s, the post was only staffed in the winter. The post (spelled over time as Mississagi, Mississague, Mississagaue, Missasague, Mississagui, Mississaguie, Mississaugie, Mitsisague, Missisaguee, Missisauge, Mississauga, and Mississauguay)

8217-619: The same territory as Central Ojibwa , which he does not recognize. The aggregated dialects of Ojibwemowin comprise the second most commonly spoken First Nations language in Canada (after Cree ), and the fourth most widely spoken in the United States or Canada behind Navajo , the Inuit languages and Cree. Ojibwemowin is a relatively healthy indigenous language. The Waadookodaading Ojibwe Language Immersion School in Hayward, Wisconsin teaches all classes to children in Ojibwe only. A similar program

8316-596: The same territory as Central Ojibwa , which he does not recognize. Two recent analyses of the relationships between the Ojibwe dialects are in agreement on the assignment of the strongly differentiated Ottawa dialect to a separate subgroup, and the assignment of Severn Ojibwe and Algonquin to another subgroup, and differ primarily with respect to the relationships between the less strongly differentiated dialects. Rhodes and Todd recognize several different dialectal subgroupings within Ojibwe: (a) Ottawa; (b) Severn and Algonquian; (c)

8415-483: The second and third grade levels. Ojibwe educators at these schools are constantly working with elders so as to design new ways to say lesser-used words in Ojibwe such as plastic or quotient . Because the Ojibwe language is traditionally oral, it is often difficult for educators to find adequate resources to develop the curriculum. Thus, through these school programs, the language is constantly evolving. Many of these Ojibwe language immersion schools are also considering

8514-463: The site of the Rogers Centre , halving the space available for sport. The original multi-purpose stadium and its land cost $ 570 million, significantly funded by taxpayers, yet was sold 15 years later to Rogers for just $ 25 million. In February 2021, Mark Carney , Vice chairman and Head of Impact Investing and ex Governor of the Bank of England , had to retract an earlier claim that

8613-482: The speakers of the neighboring dialects." The degree of mutual intelligibility between nonadjacent dialects varies considerably; recent research has shown that there is strong differentiation between the Ottawa dialect spoken in southern Ontario and northern Michigan; the Severn Ojibwa dialect spoken in northern Ontario and Manitoba; and the Algonquin dialect spoken in southwestern Quebec. Valentine notes that isolation

8712-662: The term Ojibwemowin . The general term in Oji-Cree (Severn Ojibwe) is Anihshininiimowin , although Anishinaabemowin is widely recognized by Severn speakers. Some speakers of Saulteaux Ojibwe refer to their language as Nakawemowin . The Ottawa dialect is sometimes referred to as Daawaamwin , although the general designation is Nishnaabemwin , with the latter term also applied to Jibwemwin or Eastern Ojibwe . Other local terms are listed in Ojibwe dialects . English terms include Ojibwe , with variants including Ojibwa and Ojibway . The related term Chippewa

8811-472: The ultimate parent company of what is now Brookfield Global Integrated Solutions (BGIS), when it acquired control of Brookfield Johnson Controls from its joint venture partner, Milwaukee -based Johnson Controls. At that time, an activist investor had been putting pressure on Johnson Controls to divest of its real estate division. The facilities management business was renamed Brookfield Global Integrated Solutions (BGIS) as part of Brookfield's plan to establish

8910-626: The unrelated Siouan language Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) also used Ojibwe when dealing with Europeans and others. Other reports indicate that agents of the American government at Green Bay, Wisconsin , spoke Ojibwe in their interactions with Menominee, with other reports indicating that "the Chippewa, Menominee, Ottawa, Potawatomi, Sac, and Fox tribes used Ojibwe in intertribal communication...." Some reports indicate that farther west, speakers of non-Algonquian languages such as Ho-Chunk (Winnebago), Iowa , and Pawnee spoke Ojibwe as an "acquired language." In

9009-635: The way for Brookfield to build a shopping center in São Paulo . The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission also opened a formal investigation into the company about the bribery charges. The company denied the charges. The U.S. Department of Justice also opened a criminal investigation into the company regarding these allegations, and did not end up making any arrests. According to the Stanford Law School Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Clearinghouse, which studied

9108-693: The widely-used double vowel system, fortis consonants are written with voiceless symbols: p, t, k, ch, s, sh . Lenis consonants have normal duration and are typically voiced intervocalically. Although they may be devoiced at the end or beginning of a word, they are less vigorously articulated than fortis consonants, and are invariably unaspirated. In the double vowel system, lenis consonants are written with voiced symbols: b, d, g, j, z, zh . All dialects of Ojibwe have two nasal consonants /m/ and /n/ , one labialized velar approximant /w/ , one palatal approximant /j/ , and either /ʔ/ or /h/ . All dialects of Ojibwe have seven oral vowels . Vowel length

9207-518: The world's largest alternative money managers. On July 31, 2019, the sale of Vodafone New Zealand Limited to a consortium comprising Infratil Limited and Brookfield Asset Management Inc. was settled. In a deal in October 2019, Brookfield bought The Leela Palaces, Hotels and Resorts , an Indian luxury hotel chain located in New Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai, Udaipur, in a US$ 530 million settlement, marking

9306-570: Was 415 cubic metres per second (14,700 cu ft/s) in May 1997, while record minimum flow was 25.5 cubic metres per second (900 cu ft/s) in December 1976. The river's delta is a "bird's foot" delta, a type not commonly found on the Great Lakes . The Mississippi River in Louisiana has a bird's foot delta. Communities along the Mississagi River in upstream order: The Ojibwa people used

9405-467: Was announced the Brookfield and Simon Property Group were set to offer to buy Kohl's . In August 2022, Intel signed a $ 30   billion partnership with Brookfield to fund its recent factory expansions. As part of the deal, Intel would have a controlling stake by funding 51% of the cost of building new chip-making facilities in Chandler, Arizona , with Brookfield owning the remaining 49% stake, allowing

9504-482: Was appointed CEO of Brascan. In 2005, after 37 years, Brascan Corp. was renamed to Brookfield Asset Management Inc. Between 2013 and 2018, the company and its subsidiaries invested approximately $ 10 billion in Brazilian energy, infrastructure and real estate developments, including acquisitions of oil pipelines from energy companies such as Petroleo Brasileiro SA . In 2015, Brookfield Asset Management became

9603-566: Was founded in 1899 as the São Paulo Tramway, Light and Power Company by William Mackenzie and Frederick Stark Pearson . It operated in the construction and management of electricity and transport infrastructure in Brazil. In 1904, the Rio de Janeiro Tramway, Light and Power Company was founded by Mackenzie's group. In 1912, Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company was incorporated in Toronto as

9702-572: Was important in blocking competition from trading in the Temiskamingue area. The post was closed in 1900. During the second half of the 19th century, the river was used to transport logs to sawmills at Blind River. Ontario Hydro constructed dams and four hydroelectric generating stations on the Mississagi River, Rayner G.S., Wells G.S., Red Rock Falls G.S., and Aubrey Falls G.S. between 1950 and 1970, which today are operated by Brookfield Asset Management . Historically, mining and forestry played

9801-698: Was named as Toronto-based BGIS' CEO, the company had 7,000 staff members and 100 clients in the United States , the United Kingdom , Asia , and Canada , which included contracts with the Canadian federal government. By 2022, according to a Carleton University School of Public Policy and Administration analysis of federal government contracts for real estate management, the Government of Canada spent over $ 1 billion on contracts with BGIS in 2021–2022, representing

#317682