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34-508: The Mégiscane River is one of the most important rivers in the region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue . It has the reputation of being a privileged place to fish for sturgeon . Forestry is the main economic activity of this watershed; recreational tourism activities come second. The surface of the river is generally frozen from mid-December to the end of April. The Mégiscane River rises at the mouth of Lac Françoise (length: 1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi); elevation: 434 metres (1,424 ft)). This lake

68-579: A French merchant on Anishinaabe lands in 1720, was an important crossroads of the fur trade along the Hudson Bay trading route. Until 1868, Abitibi was owned by the Hudson's Bay Company ; it was then purchased by Canada and became part of the North-West Territories . After negotiations with the federal government of Sir Wilfrid Laurier , Abitibi was annexed to the province of Quebec on June 13, 1898, by

102-481: A borough planned by the mine still visible today in Val-d'Or , with its log houses for workers orderly settled between the mine and the commercial streets, this, at a glace from the foremen’s houses and the hospital. Noranda was also built according to that scheme, however, the other great example of an industrial town is Témiscaming. The Témiscaming Garden City plan, designed by Scottish architect Thomas Adams (1871–1940)

136-475: A federal decree. For its part, Témiscamingue had been part of Lower Canada and so was already part of Quebec at Confederation. The region started to develop during the late 19th and early 20th century, with the development of agriculture and forest industries. This began in the southern areas, leading to the foundation of Ville-Marie in 1886 and Témiscaming in 1918. However, the greatest wave of colonization occurred between World War I and World War II when

170-683: A large population came from urban centres due to the effects of the Great Depression . In the 1930s, federal and provincial plans such as the Plan Vautrin and the Plan Gordon incited jobless residents to move to undeveloped regions of the province, igniting the beginning of the second colonization flow. The first migration flow brought people to the northern part of the region along the National Transcontinental Railway , leading to

204-578: A total area of 65,000 km . Its largest cities are Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d'Or. The region's landscape features mixed forest to the south across the Témiscamingue area which falls within the St. Laurence watershed of southern Quebec, while boreal forest covers the Abitibi section further north in the Hudson Bay watershed of northern Quebec. The southern part of the region has a humid continental climate , while

238-608: A wooden Roman Catholic church, an elementary school and few houses spread over the territory, according to an orthogonal division on the land, with rectangular parcels. Those small towns are gravitating themselves around a larger city, as La Sarre, Amos, Macamic and Ville-Marie, where major institutions are established. If small towns might seem more or less vernacular, major cities are often more planned and influenced by British urban planning, with sometime an orthogonal grid with lane network. Because of their central location, main architectural elements are also on those cities. For instance,

272-448: Is a rare example in Quebec of a mono-industrial city where a company planned and endeavoured to grant comfort of its workers. There, the dwellings, and even the plan, which follows the shape of the hill, was not alone to grant this comfort, elements as Italian renaissance fountain, landscaping were also included into the cityscape. Those cities, and many other industrial cities of that part of

306-543: Is an administrative region located in western Québec , Canada, along the border with Ontario . It became part of the province in 1898. It has a land area of 57,736.50 square kilometres (22,292.19 sq mi) and its population was 147,082 people as of the 2021 census . The region is divided into five regional county municipalities (French: municipalité régionale de comté , or MRC) and 79 municipalities. Its economy continues to be dominated by resource extraction industries . These include logging and mining all along

340-529: Is home to two Quebec Major Junior Hockey League teams: the Val-d'Or Foreurs and the Rouyn-Noranda Huskies . List of regions of Quebec The province of Quebec , Canada , is officially divided into 17 administrative regions . Traditionally (and unofficially), it is divided into around twenty regions. They have no government of their own, but rather serve primarily to organize the provision of provincial government services, most significantly

374-619: Is located on the east side of Barrot Lake (which is the head lake of the Chênevert River ), at: In its upper part, this river first runs 24.0 kilometres (14.9 mi) in Senneterre , then 27.5 kilometres (17.1 mi) in La Tuque , along the northern boundary of the administrative region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue , where it crosses the lakes of Poète , Rivas and Tête. The current of this river then returns in Senneterre and crosses in particular

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408-407: Is often eclectic. The initial boroughs of Val-d’Or and Rouyn-Noranda, for instance, are both built according to two different schemes; an industrial and planned borough built and planned by the mine, and a “ boomtown ” borough built suddenly with minimal planning for the thousands of people who arrived attracted by the effervescence of the gold rush. Bourlamaque mining village is a remarkable example of

442-591: Is part of the Quebec public university network. UQAT has its main campus at Rouyn-Noranda, a campus dedicated to the first nations at Val-d'Or and several branches in different cities of the region. The only college in the region is the Cégep de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue, which has campuses in Amos, Rouyn-Noranda and Val-d'Or, and centres for continuing education in Ville-Marie and La Sarre. Because of its history and its development,

476-582: Is still the backbone of the region's economy nowadays, along with forestry and agriculture. As an administrative region, it was created in March 1966, when the entire province was reorganized into 10 regions. Originally called Nord-Ouest (North-West), the region was renamed to Abitibi-Témiscamingue in 1981. The Abitibi-Témiscamingue region is the fourth largest region of the province after the Nord-du-Québec , Côte-Nord and Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean regions. It has

510-678: The Government of Quebec authorizes the partial diversion of the Mégiscane to the Saint-Maurice River basin in 1951. The dam was built in 1954 in the municipality of La Tuque , in Mauricie . A second dam and a canal sometimes serve to partially divert the flow of the river to feed the Gouin reservoir and the hydroelectric dams of the Saint-Maurice River . This project was carried out in parallel with

544-483: The Cathedral of Sainte-Thérèse d'Avila in Amos is one of the most outstanding architectural element of the region by its size and its Romano-Byzantine style, standing on the upper part of the city, and being at a symbolic central location of the region. However, if the cityscapes are often more various, the rural landscape features more local particularities. The wooden farms and barns built according to many vernacular forms,

578-552: The Middle North region in its development through hydroelectrical and mining projects, and through exchanges with First Nation northern communities. Sportive tourism, including winter sports, fishing, hunting and cycling competition, is also a significant economic sector even if negligible by comparison with the industrial sector. The region is home to one university: UQAT — the Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue , which

612-399: The allocation of regional economic development funding. As of the 2021 Canadian census , the population of Quebec was 8,501,833, the land area was 1,298,599.75 km (501,392.17 sq mi) and the population density was 6.54 inhabitants per square kilometre (16.9/sq mi). Administrative regions are used to organize the delivery of provincial government services. They were also

646-575: The basis of organization for regional conferences of elected officers ( French : conférences régionales des élus, CRÉ ), with the exception of the Montérégie and Nord-du-Québec regions, which each had three CRÉs or equivalent bodies. In the Nord-du-Québec region, the Kativik Regional Government and Cree Regional Authority , in addition to their other functions, played

680-457: The east shore of Parent Lake (Abitibi) between two strips of land that extend westward into the lake at: Its name, like that of the lake, derives from the Algonquin metshishkan or mesiskine and means hook, with reference to its quality as a fishing spot. An 1898 map of the province of Quebec mentions the "Mekiskan River" to designate this watercourse. A geological map dated 1935 refers rather to

714-521: The establishment of towns such as La Sarre in 1917 and Amos in 1914, as well as other infrastructure as the internment camp at Spirit Lake for so-called enemy aliens arrested under the War Measures Act during World War I. The mining industry, mainly extracting gold and copper , also contributed to the growth of the region when numerous mines were opened. New cities were created, such as Rouyn-Noranda in 1926 and Val-d'Or in 1934, and mining

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748-411: The fieldstone churches and the wooden houses with locally so-called “Canadian Roof” (steep roof ending with long curved overhang covering a front balcony) are widespread. The cities of Southern Abitibi and the city of Témiscaming were established later and for industrial concerns, and follow a quite different organization. As they grew up often very quickly, the urban planning of these industrial cities

782-439: The highest percentages in the primary sector of any region of Quebec, with nearly one out of six employees working in that sector. The mining sector is the most important economic activity of the region. Despite recent declines in workforce, the agriculture and forest industries still contribute significantly to the region's economy. Economic activities are mainly dedicated to exportation products, and are even closely linked to

816-456: The installation of additional turbines at the Rapide-Blanc , Trenche and La Tuque . The total cost of the project, which has increased the company's installed capacity of 150,000 horsepower (110,000 kW) (120 megawatts (160,000 hp)), is estimated to $ 14 million. Abitibi-T%C3%A9miscamingue Abitibi-Témiscamingue ( French pronunciation: [abitibi temiskamɛ̃ɡ] )

850-636: The lakes Pascagama , Canusio , Mégiscane Lake , Berthelot and Faillon . This river ends in Parent Lake not far from Senneterre . In total, it travels 249.6 kilometres (155.1 mi) with an average flow of 392 m³/s. Upper Mégiscane River (segment of 43.1 kilometres (26.8 mi)) From the mouth of Lake Francoise, the Mégiscane River flows over: Intermediate course of the Mégiscane River (downstream of Du Poète Lake and upstream from Mégiscane Lake) (segment of 71.0 kilometres (44.1 mi)) From

884-607: The main streets while residential buildings take place nearby. Many mining cities disappeared or have decreased since, but their industrial core often keep being seenable today. Duparquet and Cadillac, for example, have kept their boomtown appearance, through their street organization, even if the industrial and population exodus gave them a look of oversized village. Moreover, the multi-cultural settlement of those towns brought many singular architectural elements. The Russian Orthodox and Catholic Ukrainian churches in Val-d’Or and Rouyn add to

918-498: The mouth of "Lac du poète" (English: "Lake of the Poet"), the Mégiscane River flows over: Intermediate course of the Mégiscane River (downstream from Lake Mégiscane) (segment of 78.2 kilometres (48.6 mi)) From the mouth of Mégiscane Lake , the Mégiscane River flows over: Lower Mégiscane River (segment of 57.2 kilometres (35.5 mi)) From the mouth of Faillon Lake , the Mégiscane River flows over: The Mégiscane River flows on

952-527: The name "Monet River". The toponym "Mégiscane River" was formalized on December 5, 1968, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec . During the 1940s and 1950s, the Shawinigan Water & Power Company , which held the water power concession of the Saint-Maurice River , conducted several studies to evaluate the potential diversion of rivers to its rivers with hydroelectric plants. After several hesitations,

986-552: The northern part has more of a sub-arctic climate due to its latitude and its proximity to Hudson Bay and the Arctic . The 2013 statistics for the region show the following: The following languages predominate as the primary language spoken at home: Aiguebelle National Park , the only national park of the region, is located in the centre of the Abitibian region and intends to protect natural heritage. The region's workforce has one of

1020-520: The omnipresent architectural eclecticism. Nowadays, confronted with urban sprawl , those cities tend to develop in a very low density and functionalistic way, as other Quebec and North American cities. Some great buildings dominate the architectural landscape, as the Rouyn-Noranda campus of the Université du Québec, which could be seen by many aspects as the greatest element of contemporary architecture of

1054-553: The region, contrast with the rest of the region, and even generally with the other country regions of Quebec. As the mining industry was mainly led by owners coming from the anglosphere in the early 20th century, industrial towns even show more similarities with Ontarian industrial cities than other cities in Quebec. Added to North American modernity concerns of the 1930s and 1940s, streets are broader and often have numbered names, blocks are orthogonally organized with lanes where boomtown buildings with their peculiar facades are aligned along

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1088-624: The region. The region hosts the yearly Tour de l'Abitibi, which first took place in 1969, and which is still the only North American stopover point of the Union Cycliste Internationale Junior World Cup. Abitibi-Témiscamingue also hosts a long segment of the Route Verte , the most extensive bicycle and multipurpose recreational trail in North America . No professional league sports teams are based in Abitibi. It

1122-425: The regional urban planning and the architectural landscape is quite rich in contrasts, showing two main typologies of development. The agricultural development of northern Abitibi and the northern part of Témiscamingue by a relatively homogeneous population of French Canadian Catholic settlers has introduced a mainly rural land development. There, small towns, gravitating around a low density node generally composed of

1156-526: The rich geologic Cadillac Fault between Val-d'Or and Rouyn-Noranda , as well as agriculture. The Algonquins are indigenous to the region. The first French expeditions were made in 1670 by Radisson as part of the development of the fur trade industry across the Hudson Bay region and through most of the New France colony. Fort Témiscamingue , located on the east banks of Lake Timiskaming and erected by

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