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93-735: Lockheed Martin Space is one of the four major business divisions of Lockheed Martin . It has its headquarters in Littleton, Colorado , with additional sites in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania ; Sunnyvale, California ; Santa Cruz, California ; Huntsville, Alabama ; and elsewhere in the United States and United Kingdom . The division currently employs about 20,000 people, and its most notable products are commercial and military satellites , space probes , missile defense systems, NASA 's Orion spacecraft , and

186-522: A False Claims Act lawsuit paying $ 27.5 million to finalize allegations that it had knowingly overbilled taxpayers for work performed by company staff who did not hold the relevant essential qualifications for the contract. The board of directors consists of 14 members. As of February 2016, members include: As of December 2023, Lockheed Martin shares are mainly held by institutional investors ( State Street Corporation , Vanguard group , BlackRock , Capital Group Companies , and others). Lockheed Martin

279-553: A hypersonic weapon prototype. A hypersonic missile can travel at one mile a second. This is the second contract for hypersonic weapons that Martin has secured; The first was from the Air Force as well and for $ 928 million which was announced in April 2018. On November 29, 2018, Lockheed Martin was awarded a Commercial Lunar Payload Services contract by NASA , which makes it eligible to bid on delivering science and technology payloads to

372-552: A $ 2.2 billion contract with the United States Air Force for two advanced military communications satellites. Lockheed Martin has already begun to help the military transition to renewable energy sources with solar photovoltaic powered microgrids and as the military aims to reach 25% renewable energy by 2025 in order to improve national security . On March 3, 2012, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) said that Lockheed Martin had agreed to settle allegations that

465-623: A Polaris A-1 missile against a test target in 1960. The SLBM has evolved through Polaris (A2), Polaris (A3), Poseidon (C3), Trident I (C4) and ongoing with today's Trident II (D5). All of these were designed and managed at the Sunnyvale facility. Together, these are known as the Navy's Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) Program. Lockheed Martin has been the sole provider of FBM missiles since 1956. Lockheed Missiles & Space became prime contractor for elements of Military Satellite System (WS 117L), calling for

558-458: A bankruptcy court received no bids by the February 21 deadline. On March 16, 2020, Lockheed Martin announced that James D. Taiclet would replace Marillyn Hewson as CEO, effective June 15. In January of 2021, Taiclet became chairman of the company as well. On December 20, 2020, it was announced that Lockheed Martin would acquire Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings for $ 4.4 billion. The acquisition

651-401: A close. In May 2017, during a visit to Saudi Arabia by President Donald Trump, Saudi Arabia signed business deals worth tens of billions of dollars with U.S. companies, including Lockheed Martin. (See: 2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal ) On August 13, 2018, Lockheed Martin announced that the company had secured a $ 480 million contract from the United States Air Force to develop

744-490: A comsat for the Air Force. Atlas boosters were also used for the last four crewed Project Mercury missions, the first United States crewed space program. On February 20, 1962, it launched Friendship 7 , which made three Earth orbits carrying John Glenn , the first United States astronaut to orbit the Earth. Identical Atlas boosters successfully launched three more crewed Mercury orbital missions from 1962 to 1963. Atlas saw

837-472: A cost of $ 7.1 billion. The Pentagon has criticized the acquisition as causing a reduction in competition. In November 2015, the acquisition received final approval from the Chinese government, with a total cost of $ 9 billion. Dan Schulz was named the president of Lockheed Martin's Sikorsky company. Lockheed Martin has shown sketches for a twin-engine, blended wing body strategic airlifter similar in size to

930-731: A fine of $ 20 million following his guilty plea. On February 20, 2013, Lockheed Martin Corp complied with the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York , agreeing to pay a $ 19.5 million lawsuit to conclude a securities fraud class-action legal battle that had accused the company of deceiving shareholders in regards to expectations for the company's information technology division. On December 20, 2014, Lockheed Martin Integrated Systems agreed to settle

1023-529: A half vehicles were used during Project FIRE as sounding rockets . By 1979, Atlas space launcher variants had been whittled down to just the Atlas-Centaur and some refurbished ICBMs. The launch rate of Atlases decreased in the 1980s due to the advent of the Space Shuttle , but Atlas launches continued until 2004, when the last "classic" Atlas with balloon tanks and the jettisonable booster section launched

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1116-399: A market cap of around $ 139.7 billion. Lockheed Martin is one of the largest companies in the aerospace, military support, security, and technologies industry. It was the world's largest defense contractor by revenue for fiscal year 2014. In 2013, 78% of Lockheed Martin's revenues came from military sales; it topped the list of US federal government contractors and received nearly 10% of

1209-672: A mission from Scotland in two years, which the companies expect to be the first from the U.K. and first from European soil. RCA Astro-Electronics Division , a division of RCA . In March 1958, RCA established Astro Electronics Products (AEP) as a division of RCA Defense Electronic Products. This spacecraft design and manufacturing facility, also referred to as the RCA Space Center was located in East Windsor , New Jersey . On December 18, 1958, RCA Astro successfully launched its first communications satellite from Cape Canaveral . It

1302-895: A newly built facility in Newtown, Pennsylvania . The facility that began as RCA Astro Electronics closed for good in 1998. Lockheed Martin Space Systems is now headquartered in Denver, but still does considerable operations from Sunnyvale. Also located near Sunnyvale is the main office of Lockheed Martin's space research and development group, the Advanced Technology Center (ATC), formerly the Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory (LPARL). On August 31, 2006, NASA selected Lockheed Martin Corp., based in Bethesda, Maryland , as

1395-580: A nine–year investigation conducted by NASA's Office of Inspector General with the assistance of the Defense Contract Audit Agency. The company paid the United States government $ 7.1 million based on allegations that its predecessor, Lockheed Engineering Science Corporation, submitted false lease costs claims to NASA. On May 12, 2006, The Washington Post reported that when Robert Stevens took control of Lockheed Martin in 2004, he faced

1488-595: A provider of integrated planning and demand forecasting tools for airport, planning to expand their business in commercial airport information technology solutions. Also, in March 2014, Lockheed Martin announced its acquisition of Industrial Defender Inc. On June 2, 2014, Lockheed Martin received a Pentagon contract to build a space fence that would track debris, keeping it from damaging satellites and spacecraft. On July 20, 2015, Lockheed Martin announced plans to purchase Sikorsky Aircraft from United Technologies Corporation at

1581-656: A quick launch sequence. They took about 30 minutes to fuel up and fire. Most Titan rockets were derivatives of the Titan II ICBM. The Titan II ICBM had one W-53 warhead with a 9 megaton yield, making it the most powerful ICBM on-standby in the U.S. nuclear arsenal. The Titan III was a modified Titan II with optional solid rocket boosters. It was developed by the U.S. Air Force as a heavy-lift satellite launcher to be used mainly to launch U.S. Military payloads such as Defense Support Program (DSP) early-warning, intelligence (spy), and defense communications satellites. The Titan IV

1674-1325: Is a P & L (profit and loss center) focused on a set of specific customers and related products. Each LOB is led by a vice president and general manager. Vice President and General Manager: Kyle Griffin Customers: NASA, NOAA, international space agencies Products: Earth observation, lunar and planetary exploration, and human spaceflight systems Vice President and General Manager: Johnathon Caldwell Customers: USAF , US Navy , DARPA , allied military agencies Products: Surveillance, early warning and navigation satellites Vice President and General Manager: Stacy Kubicek Customers: USAF, US Navy, DARPA, allied government agencies, commercial satellite operators Products: satellite ground systems, mission architecture, sensor processing & analysis, cyber protection Vice President and General Manager: Sarah Hiza Customers: USN, USAF, DARPA, MDA, UK Royal Navy Products: Missiles, hypersonic reentry vehicles, kill vehicles, battle management software, and directed energy weapons Vice President and General Manager: Maria Demaree Customers: undisclosed Products: classified missions Lockheed Martin The Lockheed Martin Corporation

1767-558: Is a stretched Titan III with non-optional solid rocket boosters. It could be launched either with the Centaur upper stage, with the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) or without any upper stage. It was almost exclusively used to launch U.S. military payloads, though it was also used to launch NASA's Cassini–Huygens probe to Saturn in 1997. On February 8, 2020, Lockheed announced it selected Los Angeles-based rocket-builder ABL Space to launch

1860-593: Is an American defense and aerospace manufacturer with worldwide interests. It was formed by the merger of Lockheed Corporation with Martin Marietta in March 1995. It is headquartered in North Bethesda, Maryland . As of January 2022, Lockheed Martin employs approximately 115,000 employees worldwide, including about 60,000 engineers and scientists. Reports from 2024 estimate that Lockheed Martin Corporation (LMT) holds

1953-638: Is built in Decatur, Alabama , and maintains two launch sites: Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and Space Launch Complex 3-E at Vandenberg Space Force Base . The Atlas V's first stage is called the Common Core Booster (CCB), which continues to use the Energomash RD-180 introduced in the Atlas III, but employs a rigid framework instead of balloon tanks. The rigid fuselage

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2046-578: Is expected to be completed by December 2020. In January 2020, the Pentagon found at least 800 software defects in Lockheed Martin's F-35 fighter jets owned by the US Armed Forces during an annual review. The 2018 and 2019 reviews revealed a large number of defects as well. In February 2020, Lockheed Martin acquired Vector Launch Inc 's satellite software technology GalacticSky for $ 4.25 million after

2139-503: Is heavier, but easier to handle and transport, eliminating the need for constant internal pressure. Up to five Aerojet Rocketdyne strap-on solid rocket boosters can be used to augment first stage thrust. The upper stage remains the Centaur , powered by a single or dual Aerojet Rocketdyne RL10 engines. In 2014, US Congress passed legislation restricting the purchase and use of the Russian-supplied RD-180 engine used on

2232-470: Is listed as the largest U.S. government contractor and ranks first for the number of incidents, and fifth for the size of settlements on the 'contractor misconduct' database maintained by the Project on Government Oversight , a Washington, D.C.–based watchdog group. Since 1995, the company has agreed to pay $ 676.8 million to settle 88 instances of misconduct. In 2013, Lt. Gen. Christopher Bogdan criticized

2325-544: The Phoenix and InSight Mars landers. On April 11, 2019, at 6:35 pm EDT, an Arabsat-6A satellite was successfully launched from (LC-39A) . This satellite is one of two, the other being SaudiGeoSat-1/HellasSat-4 and they are the "most advanced commercial communications satellites ever built by" Lockheed Martin. On September 23, 2019, Lockheed Martin and NASA signed a $ 4.6-billion contract to build six or more Orion capsules for NASA's Artemis program to send astronauts to

2418-567: The Space Shuttle Columbia mission designated as STS-61-C . The primary goal of the flight was to deliver a communications satellite , RCA Americom Satcom KU-1, designed and built at the Astro-Electronics facility, into orbit . Cenker was selected as a member of the flight crew, and Magilton was assigned as the back-up. When Columbia launched on January 12, 1986, Bob Cenker became RCA Astro-Electronic's first astronaut. Following

2511-654: The Collier Trophy six times, including in 2001 for being part of developing the X-35 / F-35B LiftFan Propulsion System and most recently in 2018 for the Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System (Auto-GCAS). Lockheed Martin is currently developing the F-35 Lightning II and leads the international supply chain, leads the team for the development and implementation of technology solutions for

2604-880: The Department of Defense and the Department of Energy to the Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency . It is involved in surveillance and information processing for the CIA , the FBI , the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the National Security Agency (NSA), The Pentagon , the Census Bureau , and the Postal Service . In October 2013, Lockheed announced it expected to finalize

2697-546: The Launch Complex 36 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , Florida. The Atlas' engines were upgraded and the structure reinforced for the large upper stage, along with elongated propellant tanks. The first launch attempt of an Atlas-Centaur in May 1962 failed, the rocket exploding after take-off. Footage of this was shown in the penultimate shot of the 1982 art film Koyaanisqatsi , directed by Godfrey Reggio . Beginning in 1963,

2790-740: The Medium Extended Air Defense System (MEADS) and the Multiple Kill Vehicle (MKV). The Titan I was the first version of the Titan family of rockets, first developed in October 1955, when the U.S. Air Force awarded the then Martin Company in Denver, Colorado, a contract to build an Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). It was the United States' first two-stage rocket and formed an integral part of their strategic deterrent force. In

2883-527: The Mercury program missions (1962–1963). The first successful test launch of an SM-65 Atlas missile was on 17 December 1957. Approximately 350 Atlas missiles were built. The Atlas boosters would collapse under their own weight if not kept pressurized with nitrogen gas in the tanks when devoid of propellants. The Atlas booster was unusual in its use of "balloon" tanks. The rockets were made from very thin stainless steel that offered minimal or no rigid support. It

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2976-621: The Ranger program to obtain the first close-up images of the surface of the Moon and for Mariner 2 , the first spacecraft to fly by another planet. Each of the Agena target vehicles used for the later space rendezvous practice missions of Gemini was launched on an Atlas rocket. The Atlas-Centaur was an expendable launch system derived from the SM-65D Atlas missile. Launches were conducted from two pads of

3069-638: The South Atlantic in 1958. The Lockheed X-7 (dubbed the "Flying Stove Pipe") was an American uncrewed test bed of the 1950s for ramjet engines and missile guidance technology. Lockheed Missiles Division moved from Van Nuys, California, to the newly constructed facility in Palo Alto, California , in 1956, then to the larger facility in Sunnyvale in 1957. The Polaris missile was the first major new program for both locations, followed later by satellite programs, thus

3162-584: The Space Shuttle external tank . The Lockheed Missile Systems Division was established in Van Nuys, California , in late 1953 to consolidate work on the Lockheed X-17 and X-7 . The X-17 was a three-stage solid-fuel research rocket designed to test the effects of high mach atmospheric reentry. The X-17 was also used as the booster for the Operation Argus series of three high-altitude nuclear tests conducted in

3255-649: The V-280 Valor tiltrotor for the Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program. In September 2013, Lockheed Martin acquired the Scotland -based tech firm, Amor Group , saying the deal would aid its plans to expand internationally and into non-defense markets. On November 14, 2013, Lockheed announced they would be closing their Akron, Ohio facility laying off 500 employees and transferring other employees to other locations. In March 2014, Lockheed Martin acquired Beontra AG,

3348-612: The liquid hydrogen -fueled Centaur upper stage was also used on dozens of Atlas launches. NASA launched the Surveyor program lunar lander spacecraft and most of the Mars-bound Mariner program spacecraft with Atlas-Centaur launch vehicles. Following retirement as an ICBM, the Atlas-E, along with the Atlas-F , was refurbished for orbital launches. The last Atlas E/F spacecraft launch

3441-737: The Air Force and the National Reconnaissance Office to "determine the necessity of an EELV heavy-lift variant, including development of an Atlas V Heavy", and to "resolve the RD-180 issue, including coproduction, stockpile , or U.S. development of an RD-180 replacement." The lifting capability of the Atlas V HLV was to be roughly equivalent to the Delta IV Heavy . The latter utilizes RS-68 engines developed and produced domestically by Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne . After December 2006, with

3534-634: The April 2015 announcement of the Vulcan launch vehicle , during the first decade since ULA was formed from Lockheed Martin and Boeing, there were a number of proposals and concept studies of future launch vehicles. None were subsequently funded for full-up development. Two of those concepts were the Atlas V Heavy and the Atlas Phase 2 . The Atlas V Heavy was a ULA concept proposal that would have used three Common Core Booster (CCB) stages strapped together to provide

3627-540: The Atlas as a satellite launcher. Atlas D missile-derived SLV-3s were used for orbital launches with the RM-81 Agena and Centaur upper stages. The modified Atlas LV-3B was used for the orbital element of Project Mercury , launching four crewed Mercury spacecraft into low Earth orbit . Atlas D launches were conducted from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, at Launch Complexes 11, 12, 13 and 14, and Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576 . Two suborbital stage and

3720-636: The C-5. On March 31, 2015, the US Navy awarded Lockheed Martin a contract worth $ 362 million for the construction of Freedom-class ship LCS 21 and $ 79 million for advance procurement for LCS 23. The Freedom-class ships are built by Fincantieri Marinette Marine in Marinette, Wisconsin . In December 2015, Lockheed won an $ 867 million seven-year contract to train Australia 's next generation of military pilots . The deal also has

3813-596: The DSCS-3 satellite. Martin Marietta products included Titan rockets , Sandia National Laboratories (management contract acquired in 1993), Space Shuttle External Tank , Viking 1 and Viking 2 landers, the Transfer Orbit Stage (under subcontract to Orbital Sciences Corporation ) and various satellite models. On April 22, 1996, Lockheed Martin completed the acquisition of Loral Corporation 's defense electronics and system integration businesses for $ 9.1 billion,

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3906-443: The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. The first stage of the Atlas III discontinued the use of three engines and 1.5 staging in favor of a single Russian-built Energomash RD-180 engine, while retaining the stage's balloon tank construction. The Atlas III continued to use the Centaur upper stage, available with single or dual RL10 engines. The Atlas V, currently in service, was developed by Lockheed Martin as part of

3999-440: The International Space Station. In August 2007, Lockheed Martin acquired 3Dsolve, a Cary, North Carolina , company that created simulations and training modules for the military and corporate clients. Renamed Lockheed Martin 3D Learning Systems, the company remained in Cary with 3D's founder Richard Boyd as director. The name was eventually shortened to Lockheed Martin 3D Solutions. On August 13, 2008, Lockheed Martin acquired

4092-399: The KKV could extend a folded structure similar to an umbrella skeleton of 4 m (13 ft) diameter to enhance its effective cross section. This device would destroy the Minuteman RV with a closing speed of about 20,000 ft/s (6,100 m/s) at an altitude of more than 100 mi (160 km). Further testing produced the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) Weapon System,

4185-406: The Moon for NASA, worth $ 2.6 billion. Lockheed Martin plans to formally propose a lander called McCandless Lunar Lander , named after the late astronaut and former Lockheed Martin employee Bruce McCandless II, who in 1984 performed the first free-flying spacewalk without a lifeline to the orbiting shuttle, using a jetpack built by the company. This lander would be based on the successful design of

4278-410: The Moon. In January 2020, the Naval Sea Systems Command awarded Lockheed Martin with a $ 138 million contract related with the AEGIS Combat System Engineering Agent (CSEA). The LMT Rotary and Mission Systems (RMS) unit of the company is to develop, integrate, test, and deliver the AEGIS Advanced Capability Build (ACB) 20 integrated combat system. Martin will work on the AEGIS in New Jersey. The project

4371-420: The U.S. Government $ 2 million to settle allegations that the company submitted false claims on a U.S. government contract for that amount. The allegations came from a contract with the Naval Oceanographic Office Major Shared Resource Center in Mississippi. On May 25, 2011, Lockheed Martin bought the first Quantum Computing System from D-Wave Systems . Lockheed Martin and D-Wave will collaborate to realize

4464-441: The US Air Force Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) program. The first was launched on August 21, 2002. In 2006, operation was transferred to United Launch Alliance (ULA), a joint venture between Lockheed Martin and Boeing . Lockheed Martin continued to market the Atlas V to commercial customers until September 2021, when it announced that the rocket will be retired after fulfilling the remaining 29 launch contracts. Atlas V

4557-435: The United States and the United Kingdom, including Lockheed Martin, that supplied weapons to Israel during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war . In March 2024, Lockheed Martin submitted a bid to acquire Terran Orbital. On June 28, 2024, the U.S. Army awarded Lockheed Martin a $ 4.5 billion contract to supply Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) missiles. The contract included 870 PAC-3 MSE missiles and related hardware. Lockheed

4650-400: The United States. Twelve of the 19 systems flown also carried a mapping camera to aid in U.S. military war planning. In addition, Gambit and Hexagon were launched aboard rockets built by Lockheed Martin heritage companies. Gambit 1 was launched on an Atlas launch vehicle with the orbiting Agena D upper stage and Gambit 3 was launched using a Titan IIIB booster. Hexagon was launched aboard

4743-420: The award of further military launch contracts to vehicles that use Russian-made engines was approved by the US Congress . The bill allows ULA to continue to use the 29 RD-180 engines already on order at the time. In September 2021, ULA announced that Atlas V will be retired after they fulfill their remaining launch contracts, and that all remaining RD-180s for the remaining rockets have been delivered. Prior to

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4836-535: The beginnings of its "workhorse" status during the Mercury-Atlas missions, which resulted in Lt. Col. John H. Glenn Jr. becoming the first American to orbit the Earth in 1962. Atlas was also used throughout the mid-1960s to launch the Agena Target Vehicles used during the Gemini program . Beginning in 1960, the Agena upper stage , powered by hypergolic propellant , was used extensively on Atlas launch vehicles. The United States Air Force , NRO and CIA used them to launch SIGINT satellites. NASA used them in

4929-469: The benefits of a computing platform based upon a quantum annealing processor , as applied to some of Lockheed Martin's most challenging computation problems. Lockheed Martin established a multi-year contract that includes one system, maintenance, and services, and represents a potentially important milestone for both companies. On May 28, 2011, it was reported that a cyberattack using previously stolen EMC files had broken through to sensitive materials at

5022-423: The capability necessary to lift 25 tonne payload to low Earth orbit . ULA stated that approximately 95% of the hardware required for the Atlas HLV had already been flown on the Atlas V single-core vehicles. A 2006 report, prepared by RAND Corporation for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , stated that Lockheed Martin had decided not to develop an Atlas V heavy-lift vehicle (HLV). The report recommended for

5115-506: The combined companies would be at Martin Marietta headquarters in North Bethesda, Maryland . The deal was finalized on March 15, 1995, when the two companies' shareholders approved the merger. The segments of the two companies not retained by the new company formed the basis for L-3 Communications , a mid-size defense contractor in its own right. Lockheed Martin also later spun off the materials company Martin Marietta Materials . The company's executives received large bonuses directly from

5208-524: The company was contracted by the United States Air Force on a fixed-price basis to build the fifth and sixth Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites, known as GEO-5 and GEO-6, for the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) at a cost of US$ 1.86 billion. In June 2015, Lockheed Martin announced plans to expand its workforce at Cape Canaveral, Florida , in order to support the U.S. Navy's Trident II D5 Fleet Ballistic Missile program. Lockheed Martin Space comprises five Lines of Business (LOBs). Each of these

5301-453: The company's F-35 fighter program. The general said: "I want them both to start behaving like they want to be around for 40 years ... I want them to take on some of the risk of this program. I want them to invest in cost reductions. I want them to do the things that will build a better relationship. I'm not getting all that love yet." The criticism came in the wake of previous criticism from former Defense Secretary Robert Gates regarding

5394-432: The company. For the fiscal year 2020, Lockheed Martin reported earnings of $ 6.833 billion, with an annual revenue of $ 65.398 billion, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year. Backlog was 144.0 billion at the end of 2019, up from 130.5 billion at the end of the 2018. Firm orders were $ 94.5 billion at the end of 2019. Its shares traded at over $ 389 per share. Its market capitalization was valued at US$ 109.83 billion at

5487-475: The contractor. It is unclear if the Lockheed incident is the specific prompt whereby on June 1, 2011, the new United States military strategy, makes explicit that a cyberattack is casus belli for a traditional act of war. On July 10, 2012, Lockheed Martin announced it was cutting its workforce by 740 workers to reduce costs and remain competitive as necessary for future growth. On November 27, 2012, Lockheed Martin announced that Marillyn Hewson would become

5580-504: The corporation's chief executive officer on January 1, 2013. On January 7, 2013, Lockheed Martin Canada announced that it would be acquiring the engine maintenance, repair, and overhaul assets from Aveos Fleet Performance in Montreal , Quebec , Canada. On July 3, 2013, Lockheed Martin announced that it was partnering with DreamHammer to use the company's software for integrated command and control of its unmanned aerial vehicles. Lockheed Martin teamed up with Bell Helicopter to propose

5673-578: The deal having been announced in January. The remainder of Loral became Loral Space & Communications . Lockheed Martin abandoned plans for an $ 8.3 billion merger with Northrop Grumman on July 16, 1998, due to government concerns over the potential strength of the new group; Lockheed/Northrop would have had control of 25% of the Department of Defense's procurement budget. For the Mars Climate Orbiter , Lockheed Martin incorrectly provided NASA with software using measurements in US Customary force units when metric units were expected; this resulted in

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5766-422: The defense contractor had sold overpriced perishable tools used on many contracts. The DOJ said the allegations were based specifically on the subsidiary Tools & Metals Inc's inflation of costs between 1998 and 2005, which Lockheed Martin then passed on to the U.S. government under its contracts. Further, in March 2006, Todd B. Loftis, a former TMI president, was sentenced to 87 months in prison and ordered to pay

5859-490: The destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger with the next Shuttle mission, civilian Payload Specialists were excluded from flying Shuttle missions until 1990. By that time, RCA had been purchased by General Electric , and RCA Astro-Electronics became part of GE. As a result, Cenker was the only RCA Astro-Electronics employee, and only employee in the history of the facility under all of its subsequent names, to ever fly in space. The facility operated as GE Astro Space until it

5952-676: The development of a strategic satellite system. The core element was Lockheed's Agena spacecraft, the world's first multipurpose spacecraft with boost and maneuvering engines, also acting as the 2nd stage of the launch vehicle and/or carrier vehicle for the reconnaissance system. WS-117L and Agena lead to the development of the Corona (satellite) —the nation's first photo reconnaissance satellite system, collecting both intelligence and mapping imagery from August 1960 until May 1972. Over 800,000 images were taken from space, with imaging resolution originally equaling 8 metres (26 ft 3 in), later improved to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in). The program

6045-433: The dilemma that within 10 years, 100,000 of the about 130,000 Lockheed Martin employees – more than three-quarters – would be retiring. On August 31, 2006, Lockheed Martin won a $ 3.9 billion contract from NASA to design and build the CEV capsule, later named Orion for the Ares I rocket in the Constellation Program. In 2009, NASA reduced the capsule crew requirements from the initial six seats to four for transport to

6138-401: The early "Block I" GPS satellites . Early Atlas rockets were also built specifically for non-military uses. On 18 December 1958, an Atlas was used to launch the Signal Communication by Orbiting Relay Equipment ( SCORE ) satellite, which was "the first prototype of a communications satellite , and the first test of any satellite for direct practical applications." The communications payload

6231-476: The early 1960s, the rocket was adapted to launch the Gemini capsule that carried two people at a time into space. Titan II succeeded in launching 12 Gemini spacecraft and has also helped to launch the Viking missions to Mars , Voyager 1 and 2 and most recently Cassini–Huygens to Saturn. It began as a backup ICBM project in case the Atlas was delayed. It was a two-stage rocket powered by RP-1 and LOX. The Titan I and Atlas ICBMs using RP-1/LOX fuel did not have

6324-505: The end of 2019. Lockheed Martin ranked No. 60 in the 2019 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue (down from No. 59 in 2018). Lockheed Martin Corporation reported Total CO₂e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 31 December 2020 at 919 Kt (-49 /-5.1% y-o-y). Lockheed Martin received $ 36 billion in government contracts in 2008 alone; more than any company in history. It does work for more than two dozen government agencies from

6417-408: The first stage booster of the Atlas V. Formal study contracts were issued in June 2014 to a number of US rocket engine suppliers. In September 2014, ULA announced that it had entered into a partnership with Blue Origin to develop the BE-4 LOX / methane engine to replace the RD-180 on the new Vulcan rocket . The new stage and engine first flew in 2024. In December 2014, legislation to prevent

6510-625: The funds paid out by the Pentagon . In 2009, US government contracts accounted for $ 38.4 billion (85%), foreign government contracts for $ 5.8 billion (13%), and commercial and other contracts for $ 900 million (2%). Half of the corporation's annual sales are to the U.S. Department of Defense . Lockheed Martin is also a contractor for the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ). Lockheed Martin operates in four business segments: Aeronautics , Missiles and Fire Control (MFC), Rotary and Mission Systems (RMS), and Space . The company has received

6603-459: The government as a result of the merger. Norman R. Augustine , who was at the time CEO of Martin Marietta, received an $ 8.2 million bonus. Both companies contributed important products to the new portfolio. Lockheed products included the Trident missile , P-3 Orion maritime patrol aircraft , U-2 and SR-71 Blackbird reconnaissance airplanes , F-117 Nighthawk , F-16 Fighting Falcon , F-22 Raptor , C-130 Hercules , A-4AR Fightinghawk and

6696-449: The government business unit of Nantero, Inc., a company that had developed methods and processes for incorporating carbon nanotubes in next-generation electronic devices. In 2009, Lockheed Martin bought Unitech. On November 18, 2010, Lockheed Martin announced that it would be closing its Eagan, Minnesota , location by 2013 to reduce costs and optimize capacity at its locations nationwide. In January 2011, Lockheed Martin agreed to pay

6789-555: The larger Titan IIID launch vehicle. Lockheed achieved the first-ever hit-to-kill of an Intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM reentry vehicle in 1984 with the Homing Overlay Experiment , using the Kinetic Kill Vehicle (KKV) force of impact alone to destroy a mock warhead outside the Earth's atmosphere. The KKV was equipped with an infrared seeker , guidance electronics and a propulsion system . Once in space,

6882-551: The last squadron was taken off operational alert in 1965. However, from 1962 to 1963 Atlas boosters launched the first four US astronauts to orbit the Earth (in contrast to the preceding two Redstone suborbital launches). The Atlas-Agena and Atlas-Centaur satellite launch vehicles were also derived directly from the original Atlas. The Atlas-Centaur was evolved into the Atlas II , various models of which were launched 63 times between 1991 and 2004. There were only six launches of

6975-442: The latest spot-beam technology and higher power to supply voice and data communications services worldwide to mobile terminals as small as pocket-size messaging units on ships, aircraft and vehicles. As the facility competed its backlog of ongoing commercial and government space projects some of the work was also transferred to other Lockheed Martin facilities, including the heritage-Lockheed facility in Sunnyvale, California , and

7068-693: The loss of the Orbiter at a cost of $ 125 million. The development of the spacecraft cost $ 193 million. In addition to their military products, in the 1990s Lockheed Martin developed the texture mapping chip for the Sega Model 2 arcade system board and the entire graphics system for the Sega Model 3 , which were used to power some of the most popular arcade games of the time. In May 2001, Lockheed Martin sold Lockheed Martin Control Systems to BAE Systems . On November 27, 2000, Lockheed completed

7161-529: The merger of Boeing and Lockheed-Martin space operations into United Launch Alliance , the Atlas V program gained access to the tooling and processes for 5.4 m diameter stages used on Delta IV . A 5.4 m diameter stage could have conceivably accepted dual RD-180 engines. The resulting conceptual heavy-lift vehicle was called "Atlas Phase 2" or "PH2" in the 2009 Augustine Report . An Atlas V PH2-Heavy (three 5 m stages in parallel; six RD-180s) along with Shuttle-derived , Ares V and Ares V Lite, were considered as

7254-575: The name change to Lockheed Missiles and Space Division. The UGM-27 Polaris was a Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) built during the Cold War by Lockheed Missiles & Space Division in Sunnyvale, California, for the United States Navy . The Polaris program started development in 1956, with its first flight test in 1958. In 1962, the USS ; Ethan Allen  (SSBN-608) successfully fired

7347-525: The new USAF Space Fence ( AFSSS replacement), and is the primary contractor for the development of the Orion command module. The company also invests in healthcare systems, renewable energy systems, intelligent energy distribution , and compact nuclear fusion . Merger talks between Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta began in March 1994, with the companies announcing their $ 10 billion planned merger on August 30, 1994. The headquarters for

7440-520: The option to extend this contract across 26 years, which would greatly increase the deal's value. In August 2016, Canadian Forces Maritime tested an integrated submarine combat system developed by Lockheed Martin. The test marked Canada's first use of the combat system with the MK 48 heavyweight torpedo, variant 7AT. The same month, a deal to merge Leidos with the entirety of Lockheed Martin's Information Systems & Global Solutions (IS&GS) business came to

7533-597: The prime contractor to design, develop, and build Orion , U.S.-European spacecraft for a new generation of explorers. As of May 21, 2011, the Orion spacecraft is being developed for crewed missions to Moon and then to Mars. It will be launched by the Space Launch System . In November 2010, Lockheed Martin Space Systems was selected by NASA for consideration for potential contract awards for heavy lift launch vehicle system concepts, and propulsion technologies. In June 2014,

7626-631: The sale of its Aerospace Electronic Systems business to BAE Systems for $ 1.67 billion, a deal announced in July 2000. This group encompassed Sanders Associates , Fairchild Systems , and Lockheed Martin Space Electronics & Communications. In 2001, Lockheed Martin won the contract to build the F-35 Lightning II ; this was the largest fighter aircraft procurement project since the F-16, with an initial order of 3,000 aircraft. In 2001, Lockheed Martin settled

7719-485: The same program. Atlas (rocket family) The Atlas name was originally proposed by Karel Bossart and his design team working at Convair on project MX-1593. Using the name of a mighty Titan from Greek mythology reflected the missile's place as the biggest and most powerful at the time. It also reflected the parent company of Convair, the Atlas Corporation . The missiles saw only brief ICBM service, and

7812-706: The succeeding Atlas III , all between 2000 and 2005. The Atlas V is still in service, with launches planned into the mid 2020s. More than 300 Atlas launches have been conducted from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida and 285 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The Atlas was used as an expendable launch system , with both the Agena and Centaur upper stages, for the Mariner space probes used to explore Mercury , Venus , and Mars (1962–1973); and to launch ten of

7905-546: Was called SCORE , (Signal Communications by Orbiting Relay Equipment). SCORE brought the world's first voice message from space. RCA Astro went on to become one of the leading American manufacturers of satellites and other space systems, including the world's first weather satellite , TIROS , launched in 1960. In 1985, two members of the Astro Electronics engineering staff, Bob Cenker and Gerard E. Magilton , were selected to train as NASA Payload Specialists for

7998-453: Was conducted on 24 March 1995, using a rocket which had originally been built as an Atlas-E. The last Atlas E/F launch to use a rocket which had originally been built as an Atlas-F was conducted on 23 June 1981. Atlas E/F was used to launch the Block I series of GPS satellites from 1978 to 1985. The last refurbished Atlas-F vehicle was launched from Vandenberg AFB in 1995 carrying a satellite for

8091-532: Was declassified in February 1995. Approximately 365 Agena spacecraft supported a wide variety of missions, from NASA's early interplanetary efforts; to the US Navy's SeaSat, the USAF's Corona, Midas and Samos series between January 1959 and February 1987, when the last Agena D was launched. The Corona program led to the development of the KH-7 Gambit and KH-9 Hexagon programs. The first Gambit system, launched in 1963,

8184-461: Was equipped with a 77 in (2,000 mm) focal length camera system. The second system, KH-8 Gambit 3 , was equipped with the camera system that included a 175 in (4,400 mm) focal length camera. The system was first launched in 1966 and provided the U.S. with exquisite surveillance capabilities from space for nearly two decades. Hexagon was first launched in 1971 to improve upon Corona's capability to image broad denied areas for threats to

8277-597: Was expected to close in first quarter of 2022. On February 13, 2022, Lockheed abandoned the deal following regulatory disapproval. In 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine , major arms manufacturers, including Lockheed Martin, reported a sharp increase in interim sales and profits. In May 2023, Lockheed formed a new microelectronics subsidiary ForwardEdge ASIC to design custom application-specific integrated circuits for its customers. In November 2023, attempts at Direct action were taken against arms companies in

8370-407: Was placed into low Earth orbit on Atlas serial number 10B without an upper stage. Atlas 10B/SCORE, at 8,750 lb (3,970 kg) was the heaviest artificial object then in orbit, the first voice relay satellite, and the first human-made object in space easily visible to the naked eye due to the large, mirror-polished stainless steel tank. This was the first flight in what would be a long career for

8463-511: Was pressure in the tanks that gave the rigidity required for space flight. In order to save weight they were not painted and needed a specially designed oil to prevent rust. This was the original use of WD-40 water displacement oil. The SM-65 Atlas was used as a first stage for satellite launch vehicles for half a century. Many were eventually converted to orbital launch vehicles after they were removed from service as missiles. Missiles converted into Atlas E/F "space boosters" were used to launch

8556-637: Was sold to Martin Marietta in 1993. Then in 1995 it became part of the newly named Lockheed Martin following the Martin Marietta merger with the Lockheed . Soon after the merger, Lockheed Martin announced that the New Jersey facility would be closed. The New Jersey facility completed work on the in-process projects over the next few years, including the development of the Inmarsat 3 Series Spacecraft. Inmarsat used

8649-482: Was tasked with manufacturing the newest version of these interceptors, with each PAC-3 MSE missile costing approximately $ 4 million, as per Army budget documents. On October 9, 2024, Lockheed Martin announced the appointment of Chauncey McIntosh as vice president and general manager of the F-35 Lightning II Program, effective December 1, 2024. He succeeded Bridget Lauderdale, who retired after 38 years with

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