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90-659: The Liverpool & Inner West Line (numbered T3 , coloured orange) is a commuter rail service operated by Sydney Trains in the Inner West and Western suburbs of Sydney . It operates from the City Circle to Liverpool via the Main Suburban railway line to Lidcombe and the Main Southern railway line from there to Liverpool. The section of the Main Suburban railway line used by Liverpool & Inner West Line services

180-651: A city's central business district, and often share right-of-way with intercity or freight trains. Some services operate only during peak hours and others use fewer departures during off peak hours and weekends. Average speeds are high, often 50 km/h (30 mph) or higher. These higher speeds better serve the longer distances involved. Some services include express services which skip some stations in order to run faster and separate longer distance riders from short-distance ones. The general range of commuter trains' travel distance varies between 15 and 200 km (10 and 125 miles), but longer distances can be covered when

270-462: A contract with the government for the extension of a number of lines in the colony, including the line from Campbelltown to Menangle. Rhodes had arrived from England as an agent of Peto, Brassey & Betts for the execution of the contract. This contract was exempt from the rules of public competition as the government felt there was no suitable contractor available to complete the work. The existing contractors were either unreliable, not going to submit

360-413: A headway rather than a published timetable and use dedicated tracks (underground or elevated), whereas commuter rail often shares tracks, technology and the legal framework within mainline railway systems, and uses rolling stocks with more seating and higher speed for comfort on longer city-suburban journeys. However, the classification as a metro or rapid rail can be difficult as both may typically cover

450-456: A large sawmill at Cabramatta and sourced wood (primarily Ironbark ) from the nearby forest. This wood was used for the sleepers on the extension. On 7 May 1857, construction began with, "the first turf of the railway in extension of the great Southern Railway from Liverpool to Campbelltown, was turned (. . .) without any particular ceremony." Randle, having been able to keep to the scheduled completion date of 1 September, offered to continue

540-577: A metropolitan area exclusively, run on separate tracks in the centre, and often feature purpose-built rolling stock. The fact that the terminology is not standardised across countries (even across English-speaking countries) further complicates matters. This distinction is most easily made when there are two (or more) systems such as New York's subway and the LIRR and Metro-North Railroad , Paris' Métro and RER along with Transilien , Washington D.C.'s Metro along with its MARC and VRE , London's tube lines of

630-694: A new Sydney Trains timetable was introduced which restored services from Liverpool to the City Circle via Regents Park and the Main Suburban railway line, branded as the T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line. This coincided with the partial closure of the Bankstown railway line between Bankstown and Sydenham for its conversion as part of the Sydney Metro City & Southwest project. The restoration of this service

720-472: A new rail timetable, which was put into effect on 20 October 2013. The 2013 timetable was designed to integrate the projects of the Rail Clearways Program , a 2004 plan to divide the network's fourteen metropolitan rail lines into five independent "clearways" by installing extra tracks, passing loops, turnouts and turnbacks at pinch points around the network, such as at Homebush and Lidcombe. By 2013,

810-471: A number of men working on the project had left to assist with the harvest of nearby farms. But, at the same time, it was noted that brickmaking and other works were continuing in their absence. By 13 March 1860, the progress of the extension was characterised as, "generally a forward aspect, and, with the exception of the bridge over the Nepean, that portion of the line might be completed within four months." It

900-399: A proposal, or unable to complete the contract. By July 1859, construction "begins to exhibit considerable progress in the cuttings and embankments". And by August 1859, Rhodes had made significant progress on the extensions. Two thirds of the works had been finished with a third of this ready for the laying of the ballast and rails. The progress was characterised as being constructed, "with

990-874: Is especially the case for lines operated by Korail , such as the Gyeongui-Jungang Line , the Gyeongchun Line , the Suin-Bundang Line , or the Gyeonggang Line . Even some lines not operated by Korail, such as the AREX Line, the Seohae Line or the Shinbundang Line mostly function as commuter rail. Lastly, even for the "numbered lines" (1–9) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway which mostly travel in

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1080-591: Is heavily used by commuters in the Greater Tokyo Area , who commute between 100 and 200 km (62 and 124 mi) by Shinkansen . To meet the demand of commuters, JR sells commuter discount passes. Before 2021, they operated 16-car bilevel E4 Series Shinkansen trains at rush hour, providing a capacity of 1,600 seats. Several lines in China, such as the Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway and

1170-417: Is often a case of asset sweating , by using a single large combined fleet for intercity and regional services. Loco hauled services are usually run in push-pull formation, that is, the train can run with the locomotive at the "front" or "rear" of the train (pushing or pulling). Trains are often equipped with a control cab at the other end of the train from the locomotive, allowing the train operator to operate

1260-901: Is often used in contrast to rapid transit or light rail . Some services share similarities with both commuter rail and high-frequency rapid transit ; examples include German S-Bahn in some cities, the Réseau Express Régional (RER) in Paris, the S Lines in Milan, many Japanese commuter systems, the East Rail line in Hong Kong, and some Australasian suburban networks, such as Sydney Trains . Many commuter rail systems share tracks with other passenger services and freight . In North America, commuter rail sometimes refers only to systems that primarily operate during rush hour and offer little to no service for

1350-1884: Is one suburban rail called the Chittagong Circular Railway . Another suburban railway called the Dhaka Circular Railway is currently proposed. Karachi in Pakistan has a circular railway since 1969. Tehran Metro currently operates the Line 5 commuter line between Tehran and Karaj . Turkey has lines connecting Başkentray , İZBAN , Marmaray and Gaziray . Major metropolitan areas in most European countries are usually served by extensive commuter/suburban rail systems. Well-known examples include BG Voz in Belgrade (Serbia), S-Bahn in Germany, Austria and German-speaking areas of Switzerland, Proastiakos in Greece, RER in France and Belgium, Servizio ferroviario suburbano in Italy, Cercanías and Rodalies ( Catalonia ) in Spain, CP Urban Services in Portugal, Esko in Prague and Ostrava (Czech Republic), HÉV in Budapest (Hungary) and DART in Dublin (Ireland). London has multiple commuter rail routes: The Merseyrail network in Liverpool consists of two commuter rail routes powered by third rail, both of which branch out at one end. At

1440-470: Is operationally more like a typical metro system (frequent trains, an emphasis on standing passengers , short station spacings) than it is like commuter rail in other countries. Japanese commuter rail commonly interline with city center subway lines, with commuter rail trains continuing into the subway network, and then out onto different commuter rail systems on the other side of the city. Many Japanese commuter systems operate various stopping patterns to reduce

1530-637: Is possible there may have been a personal and/or professional conflict between the Chief Commissioner, Captain Martindale and the Executive Government, and Rhodes. On 20 June 1860, Rhodes subsequently acknowledged this loss of faith by the government. On 23 October 1861, it was reported that the line is being ballasted in a number of places between Campbelltown and Picton with the permanent way being laid between Campbelltown and Menangle. The work

1620-526: Is still possible to tell them apart. Some operators, for example Thameslink , focus solely on commuter services. Others, such as Avanti West Coast and LNER , run solely intercity services. Others still, such as GWR and EMR , run a mixture of commuter, regional and intercity services. Some of these operators use different branding for different types of service (for example EMR brands its trains as either "InterCity", "Connect" for London commuter services, and "Regional") but even for those operators that do not,

1710-464: Is the oldest railway in New South Wales, having opened in 1855. The section of the Main Southern railway line from Lidcombe to Cabramatta via Regents Park that it also uses is newer, having opened between 1912 and 1924 as deviation to provide a more direct route to Liverpool . Electrification to Liverpool was completed by 1929, after which electric passenger suburban services began operating

1800-570: Is used in Australia (Sydney for example) to describe the regional trains operating beyond the boundaries of the suburban services, even though some of these "inter-city" services stop all stations similar to German regional services. In this regard, the German service delineations and naming conventions are clearer and better used for academic purposes. Sometimes high-speed rail can serve daily use of commuters. The Japanese Shinkansen high speed rail system

1890-426: Is widely used in many commuter rail trains to increase capacity in rush hours. Carriages are usually not organized to increase seating capacity (although in some trains at least one carriage would feature more doors to facilitate easier boarding and alighting and bench seats so that they can be folded up during rush hour to provide more standing room) even in the case of commuting longer than 50 km and commuters in

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1980-573: The Bankstown railway line . This service operated as two branches, one from Liverpool and one from Lidcombe, connecting to the City Circle via Bankstown and Sydenham instead of via the Main Suburban railway line. This configuration utilised the new turnback at Lidcombe, and reduced bottlenecking on the Main Suburban railway line. However, the changes attracted criticism due to the increased number of interchanges and increased travel time for passengers from stations west of Bankstown. From 30 September 2024,

2070-900: The Brisbane ( Queensland Rail 's City network ) and Perth ( Transperth ) systems in Australia, in some systems in Sweden, and on the Genoa-Casella line in Italy. Some countries and regions, including Finland , India, Pakistan, Russia , Brazil and Sri Lanka, as well as San Francisco ( BART ) in the US and Melbourne and Adelaide in Australia, use broad gauge track. Metro rail and rapid transit usually cover smaller inner-urban areas within 12 to 20 km (7 to 12 mi) of city centers, with shorter stop spacing, use rolling stocks with larger standing spaces, lower top speed and higher acceleration, designed for short-distance travel. They also run more frequently, to

2160-747: The Chennai MRTS , also covers over 300 stations and carries more than 2.5 million people daily to different areas in Chennai and its surroundings. Other commuter railways in India include the Hyderabad MMTS , Delhi Suburban Railway , Pune Suburban Railway and Lucknow-Kanpur Suburban Railway . In 2020, Government of India approved Bengaluru Suburban Railway to connect Bengaluru and its suburbs. It will be unique and first of its kind in India as it will have metro like facilities and rolling stock. In Bangladesh, there

2250-519: The Greater Tokyo Area , Seoul metropolitan area , and Jabodetabek area have to stand in the train for more than an hour. Currently there are not many examples of commuter rail in Africa . Metrorail operates in the major cities of South Africa , and there are some commuter rail services in Algeria , Botswana , Kenya , Morocco , Egypt and Tunisia . In Algeria, SNTF operates commuter rail lines between

2340-811: The Guangshen Railway have more frequent metro-like service. The two MTR lines which are owned and formerly operated by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation ( East Rail line and Tuen Ma line which is integrated from the former West Rail line and Ma On Shan line in 2021), then the "KCR" ), and MTR's own Tung Chung line connect the new towns in New Territories and the city centre Kowloon together with frequent intervals, and some New Territories-bound trains terminate at intermediate stations, providing more frequent services in Kowloon and

2430-571: The Jakarta city center with surrounding cities and sub-urbans in Banten and West Java provinces, including Depok , Bogor , Tangerang , Serpong , Rangkasbitung , Bekasi and Cikarang . In July 2015, KRL Commuterline served more than 850,000 passengers per day, which is almost triple of the 2011 figures, but still less than 3.5% of all Jabodetabek commutes. Other commuter rail systems in Indonesia include

2520-947: The Metro Surabaya Commuter Line , Commuter Line Bandung , KAI Commuter Yogyakarta–Solo Line , Kedung Sepur , and the Sri Lelawangsa . In the Philippines, the Philippine National Railways has two commuter rail systems currently operational; the PNR Metro Commuter Line in the Greater Manila Area and the PNR Bicol Commuter in the Bicol Region . A new commuter rail line in Metro Manila,

2610-597: The North–South Commuter Railway , is currently under construction. Its North section is set to be partially opened by 2021. In Malaysia, there are two commuter services operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu . They are the KTM Komuter that serves Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding Klang Valley area , and the KTM Komuter Northern Sector that serves Greater Penang , Perak , Kedah and Perlis in

2700-753: The Shanghai–Nanjing High-Speed Railway , serve a similar role with many more under construction or planned. In South Korea, some sections of the high-speed rail network are also heavily used by commuters, such as the section between Gwangmyeong Station and Seoul Station on the KTX network ( Gyeongbu HSR Line ), or the section between Dongtan Station and Suseo station on the SRT Line. The high-speed services linking Zürich , Bern and Basel in Switzerland (200 km/h (120 mph)) have brought

2790-466: The Sydney metropolitan area . Since 1924, the line branches from the Main Suburban railway line at Lidcombe and runs via Regents Park to Cabramatta , where it rejoins the original route from Granville . The line then heads towards Campbelltown and Macarthur , the current limit of electrification and suburban passenger services . The electrification previously extended to Glenlee Colliery , but this

Liverpool & Inner West Line - Misplaced Pages Continue

2880-460: The Sydney-Albury telegraph line . On 29 August 1857, it was reported that the construction of the railway was advancing rapidly and that, "...there are a great many men already at work clearing the most woody portion of the line, about four miles from here, the real track is now easily to be traced by the formidable looking posts erected for the electric telegraph." Even prior to the opening of

2970-573: The Underground and the Overground , Elizabeth line , Thameslink along with other commuter rail operators , Madrid's Metro and Cercanías , Barcelona's Metro and Rodalies , and Tokyo's subway and the JR lines along with various privately owned and operated commuter rail systems. Regional rail usually provides rail services between towns and cities, rather than purely linking major population hubs in

3060-592: The Yamanote Line , Keihin Tohoku Line , Chūō–Sōbu Line services arguably are more akin to rapid transit with frequent stops, simple stopping patterns (relative to other JR East lines) no branching services and largely serving the inner suburbs; other services along the Chūō Rapid Line , Sōbu Rapid Line / Yokosuka Line , Ueno–Tokyo Line , Shōnan–Shinjuku Line etc. are mid-distance services from suburban lines in

3150-495: The 300 km/h (186 mph) Nuremberg–Ingolstadt high-speed railway . The regional trains Stockholm – Uppsala , Stockholm– Västerås , Stockholm– Eskilstuna and Gothenburg – Trollhättan in Sweden reach 200 km/h (120 mph) and have many daily commuters. In Great Britain , the HS1 domestic services between London and Ashford runs at a top speed of 225 km/h, and in peak hours

3240-517: The Central Business Districts (CBDs) of these three cities within 1 hour of each other. This has resulted in unexpectedly high demand for new commuter trips between the three cities and a corresponding increase in suburban rail passengers accessing the high-speed services at the main city-centre stations ( Hauptbahnhof ). The Regional-Express commuter service between Munich and Nuremberg in Germany runs at 200 km/h (120 mph) on

3330-555: The East Rail Line share tracks with intercity trains to mainland China . The three KCR lines are integrated into the MTR network since 2008 and most passengers do not need to exit and re-enter the system through separate fare gates and purchase separate tickets to transfer between such lines and the rest of the network (the exceptions are between the Tuen Ma line's East Tsim Sha Tsui station and

3420-647: The Great Southern Railway, commencing near to the Campbelltown Station , in the parish of St Peter , and county of Cumberland , at a point marked A on the proclaimed Plan, and terminating near to the Nepean River , at a point marked B on the proclaimed Plan, in the parish of Menangle, and county of Cumberland, being a distance of five miles and sixty chains." In April 1859, Peto, Brassey & Betts , represented by their agent, Alexander Rhodes, signed

3510-460: The Liverpool Hospital, where it was found that life was quite extinct." Finally, 29 April 1858 saw the first train arrived within one hundred yards of Campbelltown Railway Station . This train carried the Commissioner of Railways (Captain Ben Martindale), Chief Engineer John Whitton , and staff of the railway office. They then inspected the buildings and subsequently boarded the train to return to Sydney. The Liverpool – Campbelltown railway line

3600-404: The Main Suburban, and use the Main Southern railway line via Regents Park to complete their journey to Liverpool . (dist via Town Hall) (dist via Town Hall) The following table shows the patronage of Sydney Trains network for the year ending 30 June 2024. Commuter rail The term can refer to systems with a wide variety of different features and service frequencies, but

3690-433: The Netherlands carry many commuters, while their equipment, range, and speeds are similar to those of commuter trains in some larger countries. The United Kingdom has a privatised rail system, with different routes and services covered by different private operators. The distinction between commuter and intercity rail is not as clear as it was before privatisation (when InterCity existed as a brand of its own), but usually it

Liverpool & Inner West Line - Misplaced Pages Continue

3780-431: The Rail Clearways Program was substantially complete. The 2013 timetable saw services from Liverpool to the City Circle via Regents Park, which had previously been operated by CityRail under the name Inner West Line, phased out. Instead, from 2013 stations on the Main Southern railway line between Lidcombe and Cabramatta were only serviced by the T3 Bankstown Line, a Sydney Trains continuation of earlier CityRail services on

3870-411: The Tsuen Wan line's Tsim Sha Tsui station . In Taiwan, the Western line in the Taipei - Taoyuan Metropolitan Area, Taichung Metropolitan Area and Tainan - Kaohsiung Metropolitan Area as well as the Neiwan - Liujia line in the Hsinchu Area are considered commuter rail. In South Korea, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway includes a total of 22 lines, and some of its lines are suburban lines. This

3960-467: The capital Algiers and its southern and eastern suburbs. They also serve to connect Algiers ' main universities to each other. The Dar es Salaam commuter rail offers intracity services in Dar es Salaam , Tanzania. In Botswana, the ( Botswana Railways ) "BR Express" has a commuter train between Lobatse and Gaborone . In Japan, commuter rail systems have extensive network and frequent service and are heavily used. In many cases, Japanese commuter rail

4050-449: The community about the priority of the line over other lines such as the one to Windsor , Penrith , and Singleton . On 16 November 1857, the government projected the cost and constraints for the line to, "not exceed £10,000 per mile; the worst gradient being 1 in 80, and the smallest radius of a curve 40 chains." Proclamation of the line was made 4 November 1858 and published the following day as, "to make and complete that portion of

4140-471: The company of labour, preparations for the construction of a railway reaching Campbelltown didn't commence until 1857 via the issue of a notice from the Commissioner of Railways. In the meantime, the plans and estimates (at approximately £11,500 per mile) for the line were completed and sent to the Colonial Secretary in August 1856. These plans and estimates were considered to be, "in such a state of forwardness, that they may be contracted for at once". As per

4230-405: The construction of the line through to Campbelltown at the same cost per mile. However, the commissioners, "declined to accept it, having determined to advertise for tenders for each portion separately". Initially, a Mr. Hall had won the tender for the remaining distance to Campbelltown, but through some arrangement (nefarious or otherwise), Randle had been announced as the winner of the tender. It

4320-446: The contractors." It is at this time, with the line ready for laying, the viaduct crossing the formidable Nepean River was the main obstacle to the completion of the line into Menangle. Flooding from the river had recently destroyed some embankments and carried off some sleepers but no injuries were reports. South of the Nepean River, the line resumes along a high embankment and passes by, "a cluster of houses known as Riversford ,

4410-417: The dense parts of Seoul, some track sections extend far outside of the city, and operate large sections at ground level, such as on the Line 1 , Line 3 and Line 4 . In Busan, the Donghae Line , while part of the Busan Metro system, mostly functions as a commuter rail line. In Indonesia , the KRL Commuterline is the largest commuter rail system in the country, serving the Greater Jakarta . It connects

4500-514: The earliest possible opportunity. On 29 October 1856, it was announced that the Great Southern Railway was to be extended [single line] from Liverpool to Campbelltown with the stations between Liverpool and Campbelltown yet to be determined although, "every landholder on the line is quite prepared to prove to the satisfaction of the Commissioners that the proper place for a station is on his property." Owing to financial difficulties, turnover of skilled specialist, and several gold rushes depriving

4590-407: The energy and admirable system; which have characterised the operations of these eminent contractors in various parts of the world". On 12 November 1859, the progress of construction was reported to be well advanced with considerable earthworks, wooden bridges, several culverts and under bridges having been completed. The work was described as being, "in a very forward state, and will, if it receives

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4680-418: The extension, land values surrounding the railway corridor was noted to have increased by 250 percent, and the anticipation of the opening was growing. On 17 April 1858, a navvy (by the name of "Romilly") working on the construction of the extension was killed when, "a truck of sleepers passing along the rail by mischance overturned upon the unfortunate man. He was picked up senseless, and at once conveyed to

4770-416: The former BR 's Regional Railways , France's TER ( Transport express régional ), Germany's Regionalexpress and Regionalbahn , and South Korea's Tonggeun and Mugunghwa-ho services. In some European countries, the distinction between commuter trains and long-distance/intercity trains is subtle, due to the relatively short distances involved. For example, so-called " intercity " trains in Belgium and

4860-423: The line by the Governor General. The press attending the inspection also noted, "the country [the railway] traverses offers great facilities for railway continuation, being for the most part level and even." The building of the railway wasn't without incident as on 16 August 1856, a man died as a result of a derailment. The guard on the front of the train noted, "a plank lying across the rails near where [a fencer]

4950-406: The line: the Picton tunnel, the Yerrinbool tunnel, the Aylmerton tunnel, the Gib ( Mt Gibraltar ) tunnel, and the two "up" track tunnels in the Bethungra Spiral . The line north of Macarthur is maintained by Transport Asset Holding Entity . South of Macarthur the line is leased to the Australian Rail Track Corporation until 2064. Though the bulk of the line has a maximum gradient of 1.5%,

5040-409: The new one through Menangle unite; the line crosses the former road a few yards beyond its junction with the latter; being slightly above the level of the road, the road has been raised for a level crossing. The formation of the line as far as the Camden road has for a long time been finished, and is ready for the ballasting and permanent way; and temporary rails have been laid down for the convenience of

5130-502: The northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. In Thailand, the Greater Bangkok Commuter rail and the Airport Rail Link serve the Bangkok Metropolitan Region . The SRT Red Lines , a new commuter line in Bangkok, started construction in 2009. It opened in 2021. Another commuter rail system in Southeast Asia is the Yangon Circular Railway in Myanmar . In India, commuter rail systems are present in major cities and form an important part of people's daily lives. Mumbai Suburban Railway ,

5220-406: The notice, the line was to commence from the south end of Liverpool Railway Station , "and extend thence for twelve miles eight chains, or thereabouts, in a south-westerly direction, through the parishes of Saint Luke, Minto, and Saint Peter, to the Town of Campbelltown, and ending at the south fence of a lane on the property of Charles Morris..." The line was to not exceed a gradient of 1 in 100 and

5310-889: The number expected to rise even higher upon full completion of the Acharnes Railway Center . Eskişehir-Ankara and Konya-Ankara high speed train routes serve as high speed commuter trains in Turkey. Commuter/suburban trains are usually optimized for maximum passenger volume, in most cases without sacrificing too much comfort and luggage space, though they seldom have all the amenities of long-distance trains. Cars may be single- or double-level , and aim to provide seating for all. Compared to intercity trains, they have less space, fewer amenities and limited baggage areas. Commuter rail trains are usually composed of multiple units , which are self-propelled, bidirectional, articulated passenger rail cars with driving motors on each (or every other) bogie . Depending on local circumstances and tradition they may be powered either by diesel engines located below

5400-417: The oldest suburban rail system in Asia, carries more than 7.24 million commuters on a daily basis which constitutes more than half of the total daily passenger capacity of the Indian Railways itself. Kolkata Suburban Railway , one of the largest suburban railway networks in the world, consists of more than 450 stations and carries more than 3.5 million commuters per day. The Chennai Suburban Railway along with

5490-528: The other, the Northern line continues out of the city centre to a mainline rail interchange, while the Wirral line has a city-centre loop. Main Southern railway line The Main Southern Railway is a major railway in New South Wales , Australia. It runs from Sydney to Albury , near the Victorian border. The line passes through the Southern Highlands , Southern Tablelands , South West Slopes and Riverina regions. The Main Southern Railway commences as an electrified pair of tracks in

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5580-581: The outer reaches of Greater Tokyo through operating into these lines to form a high frequency corridor though central Tokyo. Other commuter rail routes in Japan include: Commuter rail systems have been inaugurated in several cities in China such as Beijing , Shanghai , Zhengzhou , Wuhan , Changsha and the Pearl River Delta . With plans for large systems in northeastern Zhejiang , Jingjinji , and Yangtze River Delta areas. The level of service varies considerably from line to line ranging high to near high speeds. More developed and established lines such as

5670-423: The passenger compartment ( diesel multiple units ) or by electricity picked up from third rails or overhead lines ( electric multiple units ). Multiple units are almost invariably equipped with control cabs at both ends, which is why such units are so frequently used to provide commuter services, due to the associated short turn-around time. Locomotive hauled services are used in some countries or locations. This

5760-436: The residents in which are chiefly cultivators of the rich agricultural land through which the line runs for some distance, and which is the property of Messrs. Macarthur ." The government and Rhodes were often arguing over the cost and delays in completing the contract. In March 1860, in a review of the contract for the construction of the line, Rhodes submitted their version to the Legislative Assembly of events leading up to

5850-552: The rest of the day, with regional rail being used to refer to systems that offer all-day service. Most commuter (or suburban) trains are built to main line rail standards, differing from light rail or rapid transit (metro rail) systems by: Compared to rapid transit (or metro rail), commuter/suburban rail often has lower frequency , following a schedule rather than fixed intervals, and fewer stations spaced further apart. They primarily serve lower density suburban areas (non inner-city), generally only having one or two stops in

5940-411: The river, a platform was constructed at a terminus of the line to allow passengers to board and alight from the train. This terminus was only temporary as, "the permanent Menangle Station is to be ready a mile further on the south side of the Nepean." The extension from Campbelltown to the temporary terminus was opened for traffic on 1 September 1862. The opening of the line attracted dignitaries from

6030-425: The ruling grade of the line is 2.5% due to short, steep sections of track between Binalong and Harden. On 26 September 1855, the first railway in New South Wales, the Sydney to Granville railway opened. Exactly a year later, a branch was opened from what was known as Parramatta Junction (the present day Granville ) to Liverpool . The Liverpool line extension commenced from Parramatta Junction (now Granville) and

6120-488: The same right-of-way can drastically reduce system construction costs. However, frequently they are built with dedicated tracks within that right-of-way to prevent delays, especially where service densities have converged in the inner parts of the network. Most such trains run on the local standard gauge track. Some systems may run on a narrower or broader gauge. Examples of narrow gauge systems are found in Japan, Indonesia , Malaysia , Thailand , Taiwan, Switzerland, in

6210-425: The same amount of labour that has hitherto been bestowed upon it, soon be ready for the permanent way". However, Rhodes was feeling the pressure of delivery on time. Rhodes criticised the Engineer-in-Chief of withholding rails and expressed, "remonstrances [...] that the timber bridges proposed for the lines would not be sufficiently strong for the traffic they would have to carry." It did not help Rhodes' cause that

6300-488: The same route from Liverpool to the City Circle via Regents Park as they do today. Following the 2011 state election , the newly elected O'Farrell government embarked on reform of transport in New South Wales, creating a new organisation, Transport for NSW , in November of that year. This was followed up with another government reform, which saw Sydney Trains take over operation of the Sydney suburban rail network from CityRail in July 2013. Transport for NSW developed

6390-558: The signing, and execution, of the contract . Rhodes explained the history of the engagement of Peto, Brassey & Betts and of Rhodes' arrival to the colony to execute on the contract. Rhodes then proceeds to list the issues encountered and the concerns expressed to the government in great detail. By this time, the government had lost faith in Rhodes and had written to Peto, Brassey & Betts to have Rhodes recalled to England. The government also informed Rhodes that Peto, Brassey & Betts would not be considered for any future contracts. It

6480-446: The smallest radius of a curve being 30 chains. The railway is to be, "a single line throughout, laid with the double-headed rail , 75lbs to the yard, on cross sleepers, with chairs , and fish jointed." On 25 April 1857, the tender for the first four miles of the extension was won by a Mr. W. Randle with the fencing and timber for the extension being awarded to Messrs. Scott and Jolly on 27 April 1857. Scott and Jolly had constructed

6570-475: The survey of the Eastern line." As early as 29 April 1846, the path of the Great Southern Railway was to cross through the parish of Menangle . In January 1852, surveyors were dispatched to commence the first of multiple surveys of a line towards Goulburn with the first section being, "the line running by Menangle, between Campbell Town and Myrtle Creek." Myrtle Creek was the former name of Tahmoor . Another survey

6660-461: The towns closer to Kowloon. They use rolling stocks with a faster maximum speed and have longer stop spacing compared to other lines which only run in the inner urban area, but in order to maximise capacity and throughput, these rolling stocks have longitudinal seatings, 5 pairs of doors in each carriage with large standing spaces like the urban lines, and run as frequent as well. Most of the sections of these four lines are overground and some sections of

6750-543: The traffic of the Southern Road, and made the present lines remunerative. The Government would thus have been placed in possession of information that would have fully determined the question of railway extension as applicable to the present wants of the colony." Despite delays, and even before the government had announced the exact path of the line, anticipation for it could be seen in advertising of property and housing near Menangle. However, there were some rumblings within

6840-515: The train from either end. The motive power for locomotive-hauled commuter trains may be either electric or diesel–electric , although some countries, such as Germany and some of the former Soviet-bloc countries, also use diesel–hydraulic locomotives. In the US and some other countries, a three-and-two seat plan is used. Middle seats on these trains are often less popular because passengers feel crowded and uncomfortable. In Japan, South Korea and Indonesia, longitudinal (sideways window-lining) seating

6930-549: The trains can be full with commuters standing. The Athens Suburban Railway in Greece consists of five lines, 4 of which are electrified. The Kiato – Piraeus line and the Aigio – Airport lines reach speeds of up to 180 km/h (112 mph). The Athens – Chalcis line is also expected to attain speeds of up to 200 km/h (124 mph) upon upgrading of the SKA–Oinoi railway sector. These lines also have many daily commuters, with

7020-517: The trains run between two or several cities (e.g. S-Bahn in the Ruhr area of Germany). Distances between stations may vary, but are usually much longer than those of urban rail systems. In city centres the train either has a terminal station or passes through the city centre with notably fewer station stops than those of urban rail systems. Toilets are often available on-board trains and in stations. Their ability to coexist with freight or intercity services in

7110-465: The travel time to distant locations, often using station passing loops instead of dedicated express tracks. It is notable that the larger Japanese commuter rail systems are owned and operated by for-profit private railway companies, without public subsidy. East Japan Railway Company operates a large suburban train network in Tokyo with various lines connecting the suburban areas to the city center. While

7200-574: The type of train, amenities offered, and stopping pattern, usually tell the services apart. Russian commuter trains , on the other hand, frequently cover areas larger than Belgium itself, although these are still short distances by Russian standards. They have a different ticketing system from long-distance trains, and in major cities they often operate from a separate section of the train station. Some consider "inter-city" service to be that which operates as an express service between two main city stations, bypassing intermediate stations. However, this term

7290-470: The way inter-city rail does. Regional rail operates outside major cities. Unlike Inter-city, it stops at most or all stations between cities. It provides a service between smaller communities along the line that are often byproducts of ribbon developments , and also connects with long-distance services at interchange stations located at junctions, terminals, or larger towns along the line. Alternative names are "local train" or "stopping train". Examples include

7380-474: Was also revealed that Randle had won the tender at a higher price than that which Randle had initially offered. Progress continued to be made for the extension to Campbelltown (plus an extension beyond to Goulburn ) and by August 1857, construction of the line had progressed significantly; telegraph poles had been delivered alongside the proposed railway line through Campbelltown in preparation for its construction. These telegraph poles would later form part of

7470-474: Was conducted at the direction of Gother K. Mann , Chief Commissioner of Sydney, and Hunter River Railways. Moving traffic from the Southern Road and onto rail was a primary motivator for making the line profitable. Delays in the survey were causing some frustration within the Legislative Assembly. The Commissioner stated that the extension to Campbelltown and then onto Menangle would, "have intercepted

7560-407: Was constructed by Mr. W Randle. The turning of the first sod occurring 20 November 1855. The line was constructed as a single track of 8.5 miles (13.7 km) in length laid with double-headed rails of 75 lb (34 kg) per yard and with fish joints. The total construction cost was placed at £120,040 4s. 11d. The railway was officially opened 18 August 1856 as a result of the inspection of

7650-499: Was informed by community consultation undertaken by Transport for NSW in 2020, in which 85% of respondents favoured the option of restoring services from Liverpool to the City Circle via Regents Park. T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line services begin in the Sydney CBD on the City Circle . After leaving Central , T3 services use the Main Suburban railway line to travel through the Inner West . At Lidcombe T3 services branch off from

7740-447: Was opened 4 May 1858. The construction of the railway to Goulburn was always going to extend beyond Campbelltown . But the path for the extensions considered multiple options (including Menangle) while also explicitly excluding a path aligning with the dreaded Razorback road. The survey of multiple options at the time were considered prudent as, "The expense and trouble of such survey of (...) lines would be trifling, as compared with

7830-418: Was predicted to be completed well before the contracted time of 1 January 1863. The completion of the line, except for the viaduct, was nearing, with ongoing ballasting and the laying of the permanent way to be completed. The extension from Campbelltown to within a few metres of the bridge was to be completed within a few days, "but no arrangements are being made for opening the line". At the northern end of

7920-607: Was removed following the cessation of electric haulage of freight trains in the 1990s. The line continues as a double non-electrified track south through the Southern Highlands towns of Mittagong and Goulburn to Junee on the Southern Plains. Here the line becomes single track for the remainder of its journey south to the state border with Victoria at Albury . The North East railway line then continues through northern Victoria to Melbourne . There are six tunnels on

8010-431: Was reported in the same month that the earthworks for the laying of the line had been completed for some time. A description of the line was published as, "Starting from Campbelltown, the country being for some distance tolerably level, the line is carried along a low embankment, and for nearly two miles keeps within sight of the road. About three-quarters of a mile beyond Campbelltown, the old Southern Road through Camden and

8100-441: Was working." The Parramatta Junction (Granville) – Liverpool line was opened to the public 1 September 1856. The Cumberland County was a large producer of agricultural products such as wheat, maize, beef, and wool. This, combined with an approximate 10,000 passengers travelling between Sydney and Campbelltown in 1846, and community support, provided impetus for the construction of a railway line from Sydney to Campbelltown at

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