Linden Hills is a neighborhood in the Southwest community of Minneapolis on a hill overlooking Lake Harriet . It was one of the last areas to be developed in the City of Minneapolis. It is bordered to the north by Bde Maka Ska and West 36th Street, to the east by Lake Harriet and William Berry Parkway, to the south by West 47th Street, and to the west by France Avenue. Southwest High School is located at the southern edge of the neighborhood on West 47th Street between Abbott and Chowen Avenues.
54-691: The majority of Linden Hills is in Ward 13 , currently represented by Minneapolis City Council member Linea Palmisano . The parts of the Minikahda Club golf course within Linden Hills rest in Ward 7, represented by Katie Cashman . According to the 2000 U.S. Census, there were 7,370 people in the neighborhood, of whom 94% were white, 1% were black, 0.5% were Native American, 2% were Asian American/Pacific Islander, and 2.5% were other/two or more races. A majority of
108-482: A DSA member, praised DSA founder Michael Harrington , calling him "very underrated as a popularizer of Marxist thought". Caucuses within DSA often have their own publications to spread their particular views within and outside the organization, such as The Call, Reform and Revolution, Partisan Magazine, and Light and Air. DSA members support a wide range of ideologies within the framework of democratic socialism , such as
162-570: A congressional resolution calling on the Biden administration to call for deescalation and ceasefire in the conflict, and the entry of humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip . Ocasio-Cortez was also an initial co-sponsor. On October 20, New York City DSA led a more than 3,000-person protest in Manhattan calling for U.S. senators Kirsten Gillibrand and Chuck Schumer to support a ceasefire resolution. At
216-604: A majority of seats on the DSA's 2023-2025 National Political Committee, marking a further shift to the left. The dominant position in DSA regards the abolition of capitalism and the realization of socialism as a long-term goal, therefore the organization focuses its immediate political energies on reforms within capitalism that empower working people while decreasing the power of corporations. The DSA holds that there are many routes to its goal of democratic socialism, while rejecting social democracy and authoritarian socialism : We believe there are many avenues that feed into
270-617: A position held by a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), operates alongside the city council. The mayor's role was previously considered relatively weak compared to some other U.S. cities, but following a charter amendment in 2021, the mayor gained more power and the council was reduced to purely legislative duties. The mayor appoints heads of various city departments. The city administration also includes several independent boards responsible for parks, taxation, and public housing. These boards have
324-449: A rally in Brooklyn for a ceasefire, organized by Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP), IfNotNow , and Jews for Racial and Economic Justice . Mamdani told media, "We are looking at imminent genocide ... now is not the time to be silent", and said he had received death threats and Islamophobic voicemail messages in the days following the protest. On October 16, Bush and Tlaib introduced
378-515: A resolution to formally endorse the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement. In 2021, the DSA attracted criticism from the socialist left due to a vote by U.S. Representative Jamaal Bowman , an elected member of DSA at the time, in favor of providing $ 1 billion in additional annual aid to Israel, in violation of DSA's anti-Zionist and pro-BDS platform. Bowman was also criticized for meeting with Israeli prime minister Naftali Bennett on
432-428: A significant ideological shift after 2016, with an influx of younger members who helped push the organization toward anti-Zionism and support for Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movements. This shift brought in a broader array of ideologies than the DSA's original focus on reformist and popular front strategies. During the 2023 DSA National Convention, Marxist and revolutionary socialist factions won
486-554: A statement that likewise grieved "the Palestinian and Israeli lives lost yesterday, today, and every day", called for lifting the blockade of the Gaza Strip and ending Israeli occupation and apartheid, and cited U.S. government support for Israel as part of the problem. DSA-endorsed members of Congress—Bush, Tlaib, and Ocasio-Cortez—have all called the State of Israel an apartheid regime, citing human rights abuses against Palestinians. Over
540-630: A trip to Israel organized by the liberal Zionist lobby group J Street . In February 2022, Bowman removed his sponsorship of the Israeli Relations Normalization Act, which some NPC members considered a win from engaging with Bowman's office. In April 2023, Bowman co-led a letter to President Joe Biden with Senator Bernie Sanders urging a probe into the use of U.S. weapons to commit human rights abuses against Palestinians. The letter called for restricting $ 3.8 billion in annual military aid to Israel and "immediate action to prevent
594-536: A variety of labor organizing campaigns. In 2020, the DSA and United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America founded the Emergency Workplace Organizing Committee (EWOC) to "help workers organize" by developing training programs and connecting labor organizers with appropriate resources. Jacobin attributed various labor organizing drive and union election victories to the assistance of EWOC organizers. The DSA has frequently adopted
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#1732855512154648-790: Is a big tent , democratic socialist political organization in the United States. After the Socialist Party of America (SPA) was renamed Social Democrats, USA , Michael Harrington formed the Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC). The DSOC later merged with the New American Movement (NAM) to form the DSA. The organization is headquartered in New York City and has about 80,000 members. It leads organizing and protest campaigns, and has members in
702-1044: Is divided into communities, each containing neighborhoods. For example, the Near North community is composed of the Hawthorne , Jordan , Near North , Sumner-Glenwood and Willard-Hay neighborhoods. Neighborhoods coordinate activities under the Neighborhood Revitalization Program. In some cases two or more neighborhoods act together under one organization. Some areas are commonly known by nicknames of business associations like Dinkytown , Downtown, Midtown and Uptown . The following list are countries that currently have consulate offices in Minneapolis: Democratic Socialists of America Progressive Era Repression and persecution Anti-war and civil rights movements Contemporary The Democratic Socialists of America ( DSA )
756-585: The 117th Congress , the bill passed the House but died in committee in the Senate. In October 2023, the University of Oregon's YDSA chapter led a campaign for the nation's largest undergraduate labor union campaign, and successfully unionized 4,900 student workers. DSA supports the implementation of Green New Deal legislation. Though it is controversial within the organization, some DSA members support degrowth , and
810-614: The Berkeley Community Theater in California on November 9-11, 1985. Featured speakers were Nicaraguan Foreign Minister Miguel d'Escoto and Mpho Tutu , daughter of Desmond Tutu . Notable attendees included Ehrenreich, Michael Harrington , and Cornel West . In the early 1980s, the DSOC's estimated membership was 5,000, but after its merger with the NAM and subsequent founding of the DSA,
864-511: The Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC) and the New American Movement (NAM), the DSA is a 501(c)(4) nonprofit organization . At its founding, it was said to consist of approximately 5,000 members from the DSOC, plus 1,000 from the NAM. Dorothy Ray Healey , a communist and former leading figure of the Communist Party USA , served as vice chair in 1982. The DSA inherited both Old Left and New Left heritage. The NAM
918-545: The House of Representatives , state legislatures , and other local offices. Upon the organization's founding, Harrington and the socialist feminist author Barbara Ehrenreich were elected co-chairs. After the merger, the DSA became the largest socialist organization in the United States, with a membership of approximately 5,000 ex-DSOC members and 1,000 ex-NAM members. From 2015 to 2021, DSA membership increased 15-fold from 6,200 after Bernie Sanders's 2016 presidential campaign ,
972-460: The Israel-Hamas war . Between 2013 and 2017, the median age of its membership decreased from 68 to 33, leading some, such as Holly Otterbein of Philadelphia , to credit the organization for the rise of millennial socialism . The DSA is a federated organization with local chapters and dues-paying memberships. The DSA's stated goal is to participate in "fights for reforms today that will weaken
1026-698: The Mexico–United States border . In the 1990s, the DSA Fund directed resources to the Prison Moratorium Project led by the youth section of DSA , which aimed to divest from private prisons and contributed to Sodexo partially divesting from them. DSA supports the prison abolition movement and the police abolition movement . The organization was a member of the Socialist International from 1982 to 2017. A majority of delegates at
1080-530: The New York Power Authority for lack of transparency around progress toward the goals of the BPRA, and for hiring McKinsey & Company to implement the plan, which advocates have criticized for corruption and alleged bias for private development. DSA calls for the abolition of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) , an end to all immigrant detention and deportations, and a "demilitarization" of
1134-489: The State of Israel , and endorse an initiative by New York State Assembly member and DSA member Zohran Mamdani . The same day, Cori Bush released a statement mourning "the over 250 Israeli and 230 Palestinian lives that have been lost today", criticizing Israel's military response to the attack, and calling for "ending U.S. government support for Israeli military occupation and apartheid". On October 8, Rashida Tlaib released
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#17328555121541188-583: The United Nations passed Resolution 3379 in 1975, which called Zionism a form of racism, Harrington called it a "preposterous charge" that "drain[ed] the concept of racism of any serious meaning." Former DSA vice-chair Jo-Ann Mort has said the group was formerly "the place to go on the left if you were a socialist and you were pro-Israel". After 2016, DSA shifted toward an anti-Zionist stance, viewing Israel as an imperialist , apartheid ethnostate . On August 5, 2017, DSA members nearly unanimously passed
1242-474: The democratic road to socialism , libertarian socialism , orthodox Marxism , evolutionary socialism , Trotskyism , and Marxism–Leninism . Ideologies like socialist feminism and eco-socialism are also prominent within the organization. Members' views vary significantly on topics like democratic economic planning , market socialism , reform versus revolution , democratic centralism versus horizontalism , and degrowth . The DSA experienced
1296-787: The 2017 DSA National Convention voted to leave the International due to its alleged support for neoliberal economic policies. Delegates at the 2021 DSA National Convention voted to apply to join the São Paulo Forum , and DSA became an Associate Member organization in 2023. Delegates at the August 2023 DSA National Convention voted for the organization to join the Progressive International , and DSA became an official member in October 2023. DSA originally supported Israel and Zionism. When
1350-493: The 2020 presidential race in April, many supporters previously aligned with his campaign moved over to the DSA. Membership peaked at 95,000 in 2021, when the organization had 239 local chapters, before declining to 77,575 by August 2023, largely from lapsed dues. The organization has gained at least 2,400 new dues-paying members since October 2023 due to its pro-Palestinian stance during the Israel-Hamas war . Between 2013 and 2017,
1404-666: The DSA have been elected to many governmental offices, including to Congress, where they have initiated various pieces of legislation central to the modern progressive movement in the United States , including the Medicare for All Act in 2003 by John Conyers and the Green New Deal in 2019 by Ocasio-Cortez. Former longtime members of the United States House of Representatives , including Conyers, Ron Dellums , House Whip David Bonior and Major Owens , have been affiliated with
1458-507: The DSA. As of July 2024, the two nationally endorsed members of the DSA serving in Congress are Rashida Tlaib and Cori Bush , with Ocasio-Cortez and Jamaal Bowman endorsed by just the New York City chapter, and Greg Casar serving as an unendorsed member. As of December 2023 , 55 state lawmakers and 136 local officials were affiliated with the DSA. Formed in 1982 by the merger of
1512-600: The International Committee has expressed interest in international degrowth proposals, arguing that they align with Green New Deal principles. In 2024, YDSA added language to its platform that supports degrowth. In late 2019, the New York City DSA chapter established the Public Power NY Coalition, aimed at expanding public renewable energy in collaboration with organized labor and DSA members in
1566-495: The Israeli government's human rights abuses against Palestinians . Casar voted for the resolution. On October 7, 2023, DSA published a statement saying Hamas's attack that day was the direct result of Israel's " apartheid regime ". It went on to condemn all civilian casualties, reaffirm its stance against the occupation of Palestinian territory and support for Palestinian statehood , call for an end to U.S. financial support to
1620-578: The New York City DSA chapter promoted a pro-Palestine rally in Times Square. Several New York politicians condemned the rally for statements at the event by Party for Socialism and Liberation member Eugene Puryear mocking the victims of the Re'im music festival massacre and for an unidentified attendee displaying a swastika on a cellphone. The DSA later distanced itself from the rally, as did Ocasio-Cortez. Representative Jamaal Bowman confirmed in light of
1674-549: The New York state legislature . According to campaign organizer Ashley Dawson , the Coalition was formed after private utility company Consolidated Edison increased electricity prices; it was also concerned about Consolidated Edison's fossil fuel lobbying , its failure to invest in upgrading its energy infrastructure, and respiratory illnesses caused by pollution in low-income and minority neighborhoods. In March 2023, DSA members in
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1728-597: The SPA) in 1973, when the SDUSA stated its membership at 1,800, according to a 1973 profile of Harrington. The red rose is part of the official DSA logo. It was drawn from the logo of the DSOC, its precursor organization, and previously of the Socialist International, which shows a stylized fist clenching a red rose, the fist replaced by a biracial handshake pertaining to the DSA's staunch anti-racism. The fist and rose logo
1782-463: The Swedes, from Canada's national healthcare system , France's nationwide childcare program , and Nicaragua's literacy programs ". The DSA lauds the "tremendous prosperity and relative economic equality" established by the social democratic parties of Scandinavia and parts of Western Europe , while the organization maintains its goal to move beyond capitalism entirely. The DSA has been involved in
1836-617: The U.S. House Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Jamaal Bowman wrote to Governor Kathy Hochul to urge the passage of the Build Public Renewables Act (BPRA). In May 2023, the DSA claimed that the four-year organizing campaign led by New York state chapters enabled the BPRA to pass. DSA and progressive media called it "the biggest Green New Deal victory in U.S. history" due to its provisions for public renewable energy , unionized public jobs, electricity price discounts, and closing natural gas plants. Some have criticized
1890-531: The U.S. to permit " home rule " in 1896. A home rule charter serves as a constitution for a local government . It allows a community to establish and maintain a municipal corporation to provide for the common health, safety, and welfare. Several early attempts to establish a home rule charter in Minneapolis failed. In 1920, the matter was resolved by the Minnesota State Legislature when it codified
1944-632: The authority to levy taxes and fees within their respective areas, subject to limitations set by the Board of Estimate and Taxation. Minneapolis is known as a stronghold for the DFL, reflecting a liberal-leaning political climate. The city council is predominantly composed of DFL members, with occasional representation from other parties such as the Green Party or the Democratic Socialists of America . The city
1998-422: The city council designed to address the specific needs and concerns of Minneapolis, including zoning, public safety, noise control, and business regulation. The Minneapolis City Council is the primary legislative body, consisting of members elected from 13 wards. The council holds significant power over local legislation, budget decisions, and oversight of city departments. The Mayor of Minneapolis , currently
2052-437: The democratic road to socialism. Our vision pushes further than historic social democracy and leaves behind authoritarian visions of socialism in the dustbin of history. A 2009 leaflet detailing the group's ideas, "What is Democratic Socialism?", states that "no country has fully instituted democratic socialism". Nonetheless, according to the DSA, there are lessons to be learned from "the comprehensive welfare state maintained by
2106-604: The extermination of Jewish people", calling the accusation "horrific defamation". Progressives outside of DSA as well as opponents of the organization similarly deemed Adams's comments inappropriate and false. In addition to denouncing Adams's comments, Abby Stein wrote disapprovingly in the New York Daily News about other New York politicians, such as Ritchie Torres and Nicole Malliotakis . On October 13, Mamdani and another DSA New York State Assembly member, Marcela Mitaynes , were arrested for disorderly conduct at
2160-460: The further loss of Israeli and Palestinian lives". In July 2023, the House of Representatives passed a resolution, 412–9, declaring that "The State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state, Congress rejects all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia, and the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel." Among those voting against the resolution were DSA members Ocasio-Cortez , Tlaib , Bush , and Bowman, who each cited
2214-509: The general statutes applicable to first class cities as well as all special laws specific to the City of Minneapolis at that time into the City’s first home rule charter. That charter remained in effect—through multiple amendments—until 2013, when a complete revision, including the incorporation of plain language principles, was adopted by voters in 2013. Ordinances are laws or regulations enacted by
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2268-471: The land around where neighborhood is today was cottages and open land until the 1870s. The area started growing following the extension of the Como-Harriet Streetcar Line through the neighborhood. It gained a reputation as popular destination area for the young and wealthy of Minneapolis to get away from the city. The Lake Harriet Bandshell is located on the lakeshore on the eastern edge of
2322-629: The median age of its membership decreased from 68 to 33. The DSA publishes Democratic Left and Socialist Forum , quarterly magazines of news, analysis, and internal debate. Democratic Left continues in an uninterrupted run from the original Newsletter of the Democratic Left published by the Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee , a DSA predecessor, since its establishment in 1973. Left-wing quarterly magazine Jacobin often aligns with DSA, although they are not affiliated. In 2014, Jacobin 's founder and then-editor Bhaskar Sunkara ,
2376-459: The months following the start of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war , various DSA chapters and DSA rank-and-file members and public officials organized and participated in numerous protests and vigils alongside Jewish and Palestinian advocacy groups, including Jewish Voice for Peace , IfNotNow , and Students for Justice in Palestine , in support of a ceasefire and Palestinian liberation. On October 8,
2430-456: The neighborhood. The current bandshell, constructed in 1985, is a fifth-generation music venue on the lake. The first two were destroyed by fire, the third was destroyed by a wind storm, and the fourth was demolished in 1985. The main platform and carbarn of the Como-Harriet Streetcar Line are also located in the neighborhood, near West 42nd Street and Queen Avenue. The neighborhood's commercial corridor, centering on Upton Avenue and 43rd Street,
2484-511: The new organization's membership grew to an estimated 7,000 in 1987. The DSA's membership greatly increased following Bernie Sanders's 2016 presidential campaign , the presidential victory of Donald Trump , the 2018 election of DSA member Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez , and the COVID-19 pandemic . In May 2020, organizers said the DSA had attracted about 10,000 new members since March of that year. According to DSA leaders, after Sanders dropped out of
2538-506: The power of corporations and increase the power of working people", with a long-term aim of social ownership of production as state-owned enterprises , worker cooperatives , or a planned economy . To this end, it has endorsed candidates for political office and led various organizing campaigns for labor organizing , public electricity , public housing , tenants unions , abortion rights, and support for anti-Zionism and Palestinian statehood , among others. Members of
2592-430: The rally that he had let his DSA membership expire in 2022. In the days after the rally, some socialist magazines such as Jacobin published editorials disputing negative characterizations of DSA, arguing that mainstream media outlets had falsely accused it of supporting Hamas and organizing the rally. Jewish members of DSA denounced Mayor Eric Adams for falsely accusing the DSA of "carrying swastikas and calling for
2646-569: The strategy of getting socialists hired in key occupations to establish new unions or reform caucuses within existing unions. On March 7, 2021, DSA launched a coalitional effort with Communications Workers of America and the International Union of Painters and Allied Trades to pass the Protecting the Right to Organize Act , with rallies and hundreds of thousands of phone calls to voters. During
2700-420: The surprise presidential victory of Donald Trump , the 2018 election of DSA member Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez , and the COVID-19 pandemic . Membership peaked at 95,000 in 2021, when the organization had 239 local chapters, before declining to 77,575 members by August 2023. The organization gained at least 2,400 new dues-paying members from October 2023 to February 2024 due to its pro-Palestinian stance during
2754-540: Was a successor to the disintegrated Students for a Democratic Society . The DSOC was founded in 1973 from a minority anti- Vietnam War caucus in the Socialist Party of America (SPA)—which had been renamed Social Democrats, USA (SDUSA). DSOC started with 840 members, of whom 2% had served on its national board, and approximately 200 of whom came from SDUSA or its predecessors (the Socialist Party–Social Democratic Federation , formerly part of
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#17328555121542808-534: Was constructed along the Como-Harriet streetcar line in the 1920s and is today home to many shops and dining establishments. It was the home of the second location of what became the Famous Dave's restaurant chain in 1995 and was designed like an old-fashioned BBQ shack; it was closed in 2014 after the property was sold for redevelopment into a denser mixed-use project of condominiums and retail. The Linden Hills area
2862-499: Was featured in a scene of the 1996 film Jingle All The Way . Law and government of Minneapolis, Minnesota Minneapolis , the largest city in Minnesota and the county seat of Hennepin County , operates under a Mayor–council government system. This article provides an overview of the structure and functions of Minneapolis's city government . Minnesota was the fourth state in
2916-639: Was originally designed for the French Socialist Party in 1969. DSA's first convention took place in a Manhattan high school on October 14-16, 1983. Guillermo Ungo , leader of the Revolutionary Democratic Front in El Salvador, was a featured speaker. Barbara Ehrenreich was elected co-chair of DSA. Notable attendees included Randall Forsberg and U.S. Representative Ronald Dellums . DSA's second national convention took place at
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