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43-632: The company was founded in 2004 as a joint venture of the Masovian Voivodeship , with 51% shares, and the then government-owned PKP Przewozy Regionalne , with 49% shares, to handle local passenger traffic in the Voivodeship. It started operating on 1 January 2005. Since the end of 2007 Masovian Railways has been fully owned by the Masovian Voivodeship. At the beginning, the rolling stock consisted of old electric multiple units taken over from

86-577: A museum dedicated to the composer. Włocławek, Toruń and Bydgoszcz contain preserved Gothic cathedrals. Locations of historic monastaries include Chełmno , Grudziądz , Mogilno , Rywałd and Skępe . In Gąsawa , there is the 17th-century Saint Nicolas Church with a unique collection of multi-layered mural paintings, dating back several centuries. There are three spa towns : Ciechocinek , Inowrocław and Wieniec-Zdrój . Major museums and art galleries are located in Bydgoszcz, Toruń and Włocławek, including

129-456: A private firm to which the provincial government subcontracted the provision of rail transport. The A1 and S5 highways pass through the province, with the S10 also under construction. All major towns of the province have municipal transportation companies operating buses, while Bydgoszcz , Toruń and Grudziądz also have extensive tram systems. The Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeship's government

172-448: Is a voivodeship ( province ) in east-central Poland , containing Poland's capital Warsaw . Masovian Voivodeship has an area of 35,579 square kilometres (13,737 sq mi) and had a 2019 population of 5,411,446, making it Poland's largest and most populous province. Its principal cities are Warsaw (1.783 million) in the center of the Warsaw metropolitan area , Radom (212,230) to

215-520: Is also popular with tourists due to the many historical monuments and its over 20% forested area of pine and oak . The province's Kampinos National Park is a UNESCO biosphere reserve . In the Early Middle Ages , the territory was inhabited by the Masovians , an old Polish tribe . It formed part of Poland since its establishment in the 10th century, with the then-regional capital Płock being

258-490: Is divided into 23 counties ( powiats ): 4 city counties and 19 land counties. These are further divided into 144 gminas . The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population). Protected areas in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship include the nine Landscape Parks listed below. There are eight Historic Monuments of Poland and one World Heritage Site in

301-671: Is headed by the province's voivode ( governor ) who is appointed by the Polish Prime Minister . The voivode is then assisted in performing his duties by the voivodeship's marshal , who is the appointed speaker for the voivodeship's executive and is elected by the sejmik ( provincial assembly ). The current voivode of Masovia is Konstanty Radziwiłł . The Sejmik of Masovia consists of 51 members. Protected areass include one National Park and nine Landscape parks . These are shown below. Masovia Voivodeship, 1526–1795 ( Polish : Województwo Mazowieckie )

344-499: Is headed by the province's voivode (governor) who is appointed by the Polish Prime Minister . The voivode is then assisted in performing his duties by the voivodeship's marshal, who is the appointed speaker for the voivodeship's executive and is elected by the sejmik (provincial assembly) . The current voivode of Kuyavia-Pomerania is Ewa Monika Mes , and the present marshal is Piotr Całbecki . The Sejmik of Kuyavia-Pomerania consists of 33 members. The Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

387-416: Is home to the rolling stock manufacturer PESA SA , Poland's largest and most modern producer of railway and tram products. The province's sole international airport, Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport , is located in Bydgoszcz and has connections to a number of European destinations as well as Warsaw , which are all operated by either Irish carrier Ryanair or LOT Polish Airlines . The main railway stations of

430-425: Is roughly coterminous. However, the province's southern part, including Radom, historically belonged to Lesser Poland ; while Łomża with environs, though historically part of Mazovia, is now part of Podlaskie Voivodeship . Masovian Voivodeship is Poland's prime center of science , research, education, industry, and infrastructure . It has Poland's lowest unemployment rate and is a very high-income province. It

473-690: The Leon Wyczółkowski Regional Museum in Bydgoszcz, District Museum in Toruń and Museum of Kuyavia and Dobrzyń Land in Włocławek. The more unique museums include: There are numerous World War II memorials in the province, including a memorial at the site of the former Potulice concentration camp , memorials at the sites of Nazi massacres of Poles, including the largest massacres at Mniszek , Gniewkowo , Klamry , Łopatki and Fordon , and memorials to Allied prisoners of war held by Nazi Germany in

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516-519: The Masovia Governorate . Three major international road routes pass through the voivodeship: Cork–Berlin–Poznań–Warszawa–Minsk–Moscow–Omsk ( European route E30 ), Prague–Wrocław–Warsaw–Białystok–Helsinki ( E67 ) and Pskov–Gdańsk–Warsaw–Kraków–Budapest ( E77 ). Currently, there are various stretches of highways in the area, with the A2 highway connecting the region, and therefore the capital city, with

559-718: The Modlin Fortress and Warsaw Citadel . The sole spa town of the voivodeship is Konstancin-Jeziorna . There are museums dedicated to composer Fryderyk Chopin and chemist Marie Curie at their birthplaces in Żelazowa Wola and Warsaw , respectively. There is also a Fryderyk Chopin Museum in Warsaw. There is a museum dedicated to famous Renaissance poet Jan Kochanowski in Czarnolas . The Krasiński Palace in Opinogóra Górna hosts

602-609: The November Uprising of 1830–1831, and the January Uprising of 1863–1864. In the interbellum , the region was part of reborn independent Poland. In 1920, the region was invaded by Soviet Russia , but Poland secured its freedom in the victorious Battle of Warsaw . The southern part of the current province was rapidly industrialized as part of the Central Industrial Region of Poland. During World War II , it

645-558: The Polish State Railways . These were gradually modernised, and further units purchased second-hand from other operators. Later on, the company purchased or leased new rolling stock. As of 2010 the Masovian Railways had just under 200 PKP class EN57 , five EN71 and two EW60 . Additionally, the company purchased seven DB Class 627 railcars and four 628 diesel multiple units to serve on non-electrified routes. In 2008

688-546: The Public Transport Authority (those valid for 24 hours or longer), previously validated in city buses, trams , metro or Fast Urban Rail are honoured in all regular trains of Masovian Railways. Masovian Voivodeship Masovian Voivodeship or Mazowieckie Province or Mazowieckie Voivodeship or Mazovian Voivodeship or Mazovian Province , etc. ( Polish : województwo mazowieckie , pronounced [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲɛ] )

731-917: The Temple of Mercy and Charity in Płock, the worldwide headquarters of the Mariavite Church , the Abbey Church in Czerwińsk nad Wisłą , one of the best preserved Romanesque fortified churches in Poland, and the Saints Roch and John the Baptist church in Brochów , a Gothic-Renaissance fortified church, place of baptism of Fryderyk Chopin . Otwock , Józefów and Warsaw are home to the local Świdermajer architectural style. There are also

774-582: The Via Baltica which heads on to Lithuania, and to Wrocław in the south-west, and the S17 being built to connect Warsaw with Lublin in the south-east and on to Ukraine. The two main railway carriers operating in the region are the regional Koleje Mazowieckie and nationwide PKP Intercity . Three of ten busiest railway stations of Poland are located in the voivodeship: Warszawa Centralna , Warszawa Wschodnia , Warszawa Zachodnia . The main international airport in

817-648: The European average. The top tourist destination of the voivodeship is the capital city of Warsaw with its Old Town and Royal Castle , a UNESCO World Heritage Site and Historic Monument of Poland . Further Historic Monuments in Warsaw include the Royal Route with several palaces and parks, most notably the Łazienki Palace and Wilanów Palace , and the Warsaw Water Filters . Other historic cities include Radom with its old center and parks, Pułtusk with

860-465: The Museum of Romanticism . There are numerous World War II memorials, including memorials at the sites of Nazi massacres of Poles, including Palmiry , and Holocaust memorials, and museums at the sites of the former Nazi German Treblinka extermination camp , Pawiak Prison in Warsaw and Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków . Football , handball , volleyball and basketball enjoy the largest following in

903-582: The capital of Poland from 1079 to 1138. The Wzgórze Tumskie ("Cathedral Hill") in Płock with the Płock Castle and the Catholic Cathedral , seat of one of the oldest Polish dioceses, est. in 1075, which contains the sarcophagi of a number of Polish monarchs , is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland . Later, Płock, Warsaw and Czersk were medieval ducal seats of the Piast dynasty . In 1505, Radom hosted

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946-424: The company bought 10 modern Stadler FLIRT EMUs and 26 Bombardier Double-deck Coaches along with 11 cab cars . At the beginning, Masovian Railways leased 11 EU07 electric locomotives from PKP Cargo to work these trains, since 2011 they are pulled by TRAXX P160 DC purchased from Bombardier. In 2011 the company bought 16 PESA ELF EMUs designated class EN76 and 4 SA135 DMUs also from PESA. In January 2018

989-440: The company ordered 71 Stadler Flirt EMUs. As of May 2021, the company owns, leases, or hires the following rolling stock: Trains which compete with InterRegio and PKP Intercity . Most of them have air conditioning and are accessible to disabled passengers. Some trains on KM2 Warsaw – Mińsk Mazowiecki – Siedlce line do not stop at certain stops. Within the Warsaw metropolitan area , long- and medium-term tickets issued by

1032-522: The first surgeon in the world to carry out a peptic ulcer resection (former clinic and monument in Chełmno). Motorcycle speedway , basketball and volleyball enjoy the largest following in the province. The KS Toruń and Polonia Bydgoszcz clubs are among the most accomplished speedway clubs in the country and contest the Pomeranian-Kuyavian Derby , one of the fiercest speedway rivalries. Since

1075-602: The longest paved marketplace of Europe, and Płock , former medieval capital of Poland, with its Old Town and Wzgórze Tumskie ("Cathedral Hill") with the Płock Castle and the Płock Cathedral , which contains the sarcophagi of a number of Polish monarchs. There are several medieval castles, including at Ciechanów , Czersk , Liw , Płock, and numerous palaces in the voivodeship, including at Otwock Wielki , Guzów , Radziejowice , Krubki-Górki , Sanniki , Korczew and multiple in Warsaw itself. Unique historic churches include

1118-505: The north-east, Masovian Voivodeship to the east, Łódź Voivodeship across a short boundary to the south, and Greater Poland Voivodeship to the south and west. The voivodeship contains 5 cities and 47 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019 ): Towns: The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 21.8 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 4.4% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power

1161-403: The province are Bydgoszcz main station and Toruń main station; both stations are served by fast PKP Intercity trains which connect them with the capital Warsaw , as well as other major Polish cities. In addition to these fast express services, inter-regional trains are operated by the firm Przewozy Regionalne , while domestic rail transportation within the voivodeship is provided by Arriva RP ,

1204-706: The region at the sites of the former Stalag XX-A , Oflag XXI-B and Oflag 64 POW camps in Toruń and Szubin . Other notable sights include the Bydgoszcz Canal , connecting Bydgoszcz and Nakło nad Notecią , the Battle of Koronowo (1410) Monument, and monuments do distinguished people from the region, including cryptologist Marian Rejewski (birthplace and monument in Bydgoszcz), writer Jan Kasprowicz (childhood home and monument in Inowrocław), and surgeon Ludwik Rydygier ,

1247-507: The region is Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport . Masovian Voivodeship is the wealthiest province in Poland. The gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was PLN 596 billion in 2021, accounting for 22.8% of the Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was around PLN123,000in the same year. The unemployment rate stood at 4.8% in 2017 and was higher than the national and

1290-500: The rest of Europe. The highway passes directly through the voivodeship from west to east, connecting it with Belarus and Germany. However, the A2 is yet to be built east of Warsaw to connect Poland with Belarus. The S7 expressway runs through Poland from the north to the south passing through Warsaw, the S8 connects Warsaw with Białystok , in the neighboring north-eastern province, also forming part of

1333-423: The seat of the centrally appointed governor or voivode ( Polish : wojewoda ), while Toruń is the seat of the elected Regional Assembly ( sejmik ), and of the executive elected by that assembly, headed by the voivodeship marshal ( marszałek województwa ). The Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship is bordered by five other voivodeships. These are Pomeranian Voivodeship to the north, Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship to

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1376-600: The session of the Sejm (Polish Parliament), which enacted the Nihil novi act, and in the 16th century, Warsaw hosted several sessions of the Sejm, before King Sigismund III Vasa moved the Polish capital from Kraków to Warsaw in 1596. Following the late-18th-century Partitions of Poland , the region witnessed several uprisings against foreign rule: the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794,

1419-541: The south, Płock (119,709) to the west, Siedlce (77,990) to the east, and Ostrołęka (52,071) to the north. It borders six other provinces: Warmian-Masurian to the north, Podlaskie to the northeast, Lublin to the southeast, Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross) to the south, Łódź to the southwest, and Kuyavian-Pomeranian to the northwest. The name of the province recalls the region's traditional name, Mazovia (in Polish Mazowsze , also spelled Masovia), with which it

1462-543: The two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy ) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze ). Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń . The Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. It consisted of territory from the former Bydgoszcz , Toruń and Włocławek Voivodeships. The area now known as Kuyavia-Pomerania

1505-704: The voivodeship. Successful clubs include Legia Warsaw and Polonia Warsaw in football and basketball, and Wisła Płock in handball. Since the establishment of the province, several major international sports competitions were co-hosted by the province, including the 2002 World Weightlifting Championships , 2003 World Short Track Speed Skating Championships , 2009 UCI Track Cycling World Championships , EuroBasket 2009 , UEFA Euro 2012 , 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship , 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship , 2018 FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship , 2019 UCI Track Cycling World Championships , 2023 World Men's Handball Championship . Deepspot ,

1548-524: The voivodeship: The region is rich in historic architecture ranging from Romanesque and Gothic architecture to Renaissance , Baroque and Art Nouveau . Other preserved historic old towns include Bydgoszcz , Grudziądz and Brodnica . There are also numerous castles, including Dybów , Golub , Radzyń Chełmiński , Świecie , Zamek Bierzgłowski , preserved castle towers, including Brodnica and Kruszwica , and palaces, including Jabłonowo Pomorskie , Ostromecko , Wąpielsk , Żołędowo . The Dybów Castle

1591-451: The world's second deepest swimming pool, is located in Mszczonów . Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship ( Polish : województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces). It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between

1634-628: Was occupied by Germany , with the occupiers committing their genocidal policies against Poles and Jews in the region, with expulsions , massacres of civilians and prisoners of war , including at Ciepielów , Śladów , Zakroczym , Ostrów Mazowiecka , Palmiry , Firlej , Ochota , and Wola . Germany operated numerous prisons, forced labour camps, the Treblinka extermination camp , in which some 700,000–900,000 people were murdered, and several prisoner-of-war camps for Polish, Italian , French , Soviet, and Romanian prisoners of war. Masovian Province

1677-607: Was 17,300 euros or 57% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 64% of the EU average. Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz to connect to the major ports on the Baltic Sea . In addition to this, Bydgoszcz

1720-680: Was an administrative region of the Kingdom of Poland , and of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , from the 15th century until the partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1795). Together with Płock and Rawa Voivodeships , it formed the province ( prowincja ) of Masovia . Masovian Voivodeship was one of the voivodeships of Congress Poland . It was formed from the Warsaw Department and transformed into

1763-588: Was created on 1 January 1999, under the Polish local-government reforms adopted in 1998, out of the former provinces of Warsaw , Płock , Ciechanów , Ostrołęka , Siedlce , and Radom . Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties , including five city counties and 37 land counties. These are subdivided into 314 gminas (municipalities), which include 85 urban gminas. The voivodeship contains 10 cities and 78 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019): Towns: The Masovian voivodeship's government

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1806-523: Was previously divided between the region of Kuyavia , Dobrzyń Land , Pomerania (including Chełmno Land and Kociewie ), and Greater Poland (including Pałuki and Krajna ). Of the two principal cities of today's Kuyavian–Pomeranian voivodeship, one ( Bydgoszcz ) was historically located in Kuyavia, while the other ( Toruń ) was an important town of Chełmno Land. The functions of regional capital are split between Bydgoszcz and Toruń . Bydgoszcz serves as

1849-465: Was the place where in 1454 King Casimir IV Jagiellon issued the famous Statutes of Nieszawa , covering a set of privileges for the Polish nobility ; an event that is regarded as the birth of the noble democracy in Poland, which lasted until the late-18th-century Partitions of Poland . The manor in Szafarnia was a place of stay for Fryderyk Chopin during his 1824 and 1825 summer vacations, and contains

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