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25-728: The Knorr Hut is a mountain hut belonging to the German Alpine Club and located in the Wetterstein Mountains at a height of 2,052 m. Its lies right on the edge of the Zugspitzplatt where it drops into the Reintalanger in a location with scenic views and is an important base for hikers who can climb up to it on the normal route from the town of Garmisch-Partenkirchen through the Reintal valley to Germany's highest mountain,

50-492: A diminutive ending. Most bothies are ruined buildings which have been restored to a basic standard, providing a windproof and watertight shelter. They vary in size from little more than a large box up to two-storey cottages. They usually have designated sleeping areas, which commonly are either an upstairs room or a raised platform, thus allowing one to keep clear of cold air and draughts at floor height. No bedding, mattresses or blankets are provided. Public access to bothies

75-584: A bothy as “the apartments in a garden allotted for the residence of under gardeners”. These came in a variety of sizes. An advertisement from 1880 notes “two in bothy”. At the other end of the scale was “The Royal Bothy” at Frogmore (near Windsor castle ) with accommodation for 24 gardeners, and of sufficient interest to be listed in Scientific American Building Monthly. A more recent summary mentions intermediate sized bothys housing three to six gardeners. Bothy quality varied as well as

100-561: A little of the money that is spent upon dog-kennels were employed in erecting decent habitations for journeymen gardeners, gentlemen would receive a higher rate of interest for money laid out in such a way, than they do from much of their wealth that is sent out in other directions. Having local accommodation for gardening staff was not just a convenience but a necessity. The twelve gardeners in Baron Rothschild's bothy in France not only worked

125-569: Is either on foot, by bicycle or boat. Most have a fireplace and are near a natural source of water . A spade may be provided to bury waste. There are thousands of examples to draw from. A typical Scottish bothy is the Salmon Fisherman's Bothy, Newtonhill , which is perched above the Burn of Elsick near its mouth at the North Sea . Another Scottish example from the peak of the salmon fishing in

150-494: Is exempt from council tax and from legislation requiring registration for letting purposes. The etymology of the word bothy is uncertain. Suggestions include a relation to both "hut" as in Irish bothán and Scottish Gaelic bothan or bothag ; a corruption of the Welsh term bwthyn , also meaning small cottage; and a derivation from Norse būð , cognate with English booth with

175-508: Is not able to find any other place before sunset, but conditions may be spartan (e.g. a mattress in a hall or warm basement). In Slovakia there is a dense network of mountain huts ("chata") in most mountain and forest regions, serving a culture of hiking. In the past they were managed by the official tourist union, but now are mostly in private hands. Official mountain huts are similar to guest houses and are run by full-time managers. In winter, some refuges are closed. There are many huts in

200-558: Is open for public use on Table Mountain in South Africa, part of Table Mountain National Park . Bothy A bothy is a basic shelter, usually left unlocked and available for anyone to use free of charge. It was also a term for basic accommodation, usually for gardeners or other workers on an estate. Bothies are found in remote mountainous areas of Scotland , Northern England , Ulster and Wales . They are particularly common in

225-625: The Scottish Highlands , but related buildings can be found around the world (for example, in the Nordic countries there are wilderness huts ). A bothy was also a semi-legal drinking den on the Isle of Lewis . These, such as Bothan Eòrapaidh , were used until recent years as gathering points for local men and were often situated in an old hut or caravan. In Scots law, bothies are defined as: "a building of no more than two storeys which— Any such building

250-695: The United States , for example in the Rocky Mountains , the Appalachian Mountains and other ranges. The High Huts of the White Mountains in New Hampshire are generally "full service" (cooks serve food) through summer and early fall, while some are open the rest of the year as self-service huts, at which hikers bring and prepare their own food. The Alpine Club of Canada operates what it calls

275-579: The Zugspitze . The Knorr Hut is rated as category I, and belongs to the Munich Section of the German Alpine Club (DAV). The Knorr Hut was built by 1855 as a small, rude refuge hut, the merchant, Angelo Knorr, contributing "a significant sum of money" towards it. By 1860 the hut had become run down, because "the maintenance of the same had been paid little attention" . Finally the Munich Section of

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300-657: The "largest network of backcountry huts in North America." The New Zealand Department of Conservation "manages a network of over 950 huts of all shapes and sizes." The mountains of Asia do not have a well-developed system of public mountain huts, although hiking, trekking and mountain climbing are common. In 2015, a competition was launched to design huts that could be located along trekking trails of Nepal. Many places in Africa have hiking huts but they are usually privately owned and require payment and reservations. At least one hut

325-666: The 1890s is the fisherman's bothy at the mouth of the Burn of Muchalls . A further example is the Lairig Leacach Bothy in Lochaber, not far to the east of Fort William . Because they are freely available to all, the continued existence of bothies relies on users helping look after them. Over the years, the Mountain Bothies Association has developed a Bothy Code that sets out the main points users should respect: The Gardeners Chronicle of 1906 rather grandly defines

350-484: The 6-till-6 day shift in 1880, but every day one of them was the “night guard” to look after the forty different fires. Another article notes that the gardeners had to be up every 4 hours at night to note the temperatures. Bothy life seems to have been varied, with some of the flavour of a student residence. In some cases gardeners were fined for being untidy, and forbidden to sing. Another ex-bothy resident recalled gardeners arriving with heavy heart, having left home for

375-938: The UK have such huts in Snowdonia or in the Lake District . A well-known example is the Charles Inglis Clark Memorial Hut (the 'CIC Hut') - a purpose-built hut below the northern crags of Ben Nevis in Scotland . In the past, some shelters in Scotland were built in exposed locations at high elevation, often as part of military training exercises. However, and particularly following the 1971 Cairngorm Plateau Disaster , these were deliberately demolished because they were thought to pose dangers exceeding their benefits. The Norwegian Trekking Association operates about 460 cabins mostly in

400-872: The Valais Alps is the highest alpine refuge at 4,554 m, the Rifugio Mario Premuda in Trieste is the lowest refuge in the Alps at 82 m (both are owned by the Italian Alpine Club ). In the United Kingdom the tradition is of unwardened "climbing huts" providing fairly rudimentary accommodation (but superior to that of a bothy ) close to a climbing ground; the huts are usually conversions (e.g. of former quarrymen's cottages, or of disused mine buildings), and are not open to passers-by except in emergency. Many climbing clubs in

425-421: The first time, but regretful years later on leaving the bothy. In “A bothy Yuletide” he describes how, despite the necessity for two gardeners to remain on duty over the holiday to bank up the fires, the others accompanied them on their rounds and “the sound of Christmas carols mingled strangely with the rattle of the shovel”. Bothies are usually owned by the landowner of the estate on which they stand, although

450-470: The high mountain pastures served for Alpine transhumance . The long history of mountaineering from the 19th century onwards has led to a large number of Alpine club huts as well as private huts along the mountaineering paths. These huts are categorised according to their location and facilities. They may have beds or a mattress room ( Matratzenlager ) for overnight stays. Just as the Margherita Hut in

475-417: The hut in the following words: Built entirely of ashlar, it actually consists of two or three rooms. The front room, about 5 metres square, serves as a living room and therefore contains tables and benches, some benches being fixed to the walls with storage chests underneath and others that are movable. It also acts as a kitchen because there is a very comprehensive cooking stove as well as a dish rack with all

500-587: The key to the hut... easily and by means of a ladder leaning against the hut. Mountain hut Mountain huts can provide a range of services, starting with shelter and simple sleeping berths. Some, particularly in remote areas, are not staffed, but others have staff which prepare meals and drinks and can provide other services, including providing lectures and selling clothing and small items. Mountain huts usually allow anybody to access their facilities, although some require reservations. While shelters have long existed in mountains, modern hut systems date back to

525-658: The mid-19th century. The Swiss Alpine Club has built huts since 1863. In the United States, the Appalachian Mountain Club built its first hut at Madison Spring in New Hampshire in 1889. The construction of refuges and shelters in the Alps date back to ancient times, when Roman roads led across the mountain passes. In the High Middle Ages , hospitales were erected along the trade routes; cottages and sheds on

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550-628: The mountains and in forested areas, of which about 400 have lodgings. Many cabins are unstaffed and open all year, while the staffed cabins often are just open during summer. In Poland most mountain shelters and huts are run by the Polish Tourist and Sightseeing Society , with some being privately owned. In the Polish mountains , there are about 100 shelters. Most mountain shelters offer multi-person rooms and refreshments. Polish mountain huts are obliged by their own regulations to allow overnight anyone who

575-599: The newly founded German Alpine Club took over the hut. As well as the section itself, "the Royal District Office of Werdenfels, as well as His Royal Highness Prince Otto of Bavaria and Mr Julius Knorr contributed a considerable sum" towards its upgrade and extension. On 10 August 1873 the work had proceeded sufficiently, that the newly built hut could be handed over to fulfil its purpose. At that time it offered "comfortable accommodation" for 20 to 25 people (overnighting for 12 people). A contemporary publication describes

600-452: The size. Frogmore, in 1903, had not only lavatories and dining room, but included a sick room and reading room. However at the other extreme one author in 1842 reported: The bothy is commonly a little lonely shed placed on the north side of the north wall of the kitchen-garden; that small apartment has often to be kitchen, breakfast-room, dining-room, parlour, bed-room, dressing-room, and study, for men that deserve better accommodation. If

625-419: The utensils needed in a kitchen. The slightly higher, second room behind it is the length of a tall man and contains 3 large straw mattresses with woollen blankets, and can comfortably sleep 9 men. The third room is above the front room and offers accommodation that can take 12 men very comfortably on straw bedding. This room is actually intended for the leaders, but can be used by tourists who are not able to have

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