149-529: Kevin Peter Doran (born 26 June 1953) is an Irish Roman Catholic prelate , bioethicist and theologian who has served as Bishop of Elphin since 2014. Doran was born in Dún Laoghaire , County Dublin on 26 June 1953, one of three children to Joseph Doran and his wife Marie (née Brady). He attended primary and secondary school at C.B.C. Monkstown , where his father worked as a teacher. Doran studied for
298-464: A body corporate which performed such a procedure could be guilty of a similar offence. As required by the Constitution, the right to travel abroad for abortion ( 13th amendment ), and to provide information about foreign abortion ( 14th amendment ), were protected. The Act defined the "unborn" whose life is protected as existing from implantation in the uterus until "complete emergence ... from
447-598: A declaration of independence and proclaimed an Irish Republic . The declaration was mainly a restatement of the 1916 Proclamation with the additional provision that Ireland was no longer a part of the United Kingdom. The Irish Republic's Ministry of Dáil Éireann sent a delegation under Ceann Comhairle (Head of Council, or Speaker, of the Daíl) Seán T. O'Kelly to the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, but it
596-535: A higher diploma in education at University College Dublin . He subsequently served as an advisor for VEC schools in the diocesan secretariat for education, and as an occasional lecturer in midwifery ethics at the Coombe Women's Hospital . Doran returned to University College Dublin in 1983, where he was appointed university chaplain until 1990. It was during this time that he completed a Master of Arts in philosophy between 1985 and 1987. He subsequently returned to
745-622: A member state of the European Union since 1973. Citizens of the United Kingdom can freely enter the country without a passport due to the Common Travel Area , which is a passport-free zone comprising the islands of Ireland, Great Britain, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands . However, some identification is required at airports and seaports. The Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 was
894-515: A second reading for the bill and to wait for the Citizens' Assembly to report on the 8th Amendment. The Citizens' Assembly voted on 22 April 2017 to recommend replacing the text of Article 40.3.3° with a mandate for the Oireachtas to regulate terminations. The recommendation was formally reported to the Oireachtas on 29 June 2017, and effected by the 36th Amendment of the Constitution , approved at
1043-460: A Regional Assembly composed of members delegated by the various county and city councils in the region. The regions do not have any direct administrative role as such, but they serve for planning, coordination and statistical purposes. Ireland has a common law legal system with a written constitution that provides for a parliamentary democracy . The court system consists of the Supreme Court ,
1192-606: A development plan for [ Donnybrook ] parish, and that was the only plan I had in mind for the foreseeable future. I have learnt over the years, however, that vocation is never static." He was consecrated by his predecessor, Christopher Jones , on 13 July in the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception , Sligo . It was reported in February 2017 that Doran had reached an agreement for a new community of religious sisters to establish
1341-619: A discussion before the drafting of a bill by the Office of the Parliamentary Counsel to Government . Health Minister James Reilly said in January 2014 that the process had "become now the standard for many bills". The draft of the bill was published in April 2013. The official announcement stated that the provisions of the proposed legislation being published were strictly within the parameters of
1490-575: A four-hour meeting on 17 September, and announced on 24 September that it would comply with the Act. Doran resigned from the board, while a nun on the board said the hospital "...would not be performing abortions. This is a matter of how we deal with complicated situations.”" and expressed uncertainty about future decisions. A spokesperson for St. Vincent's University Hospital , which had Religious Sisters of Charity management, said in August it would "be following
1639-778: A house in his diocese. The community, who are members of the Servant Sisters of the Home of the Mother congregation, settled in Sacred Heart parish, Roscommon . Speaking at Knock Shrine on 21 August 2022, Doran stated that even though “there are some who quite comfortably think of themselves as worthy, while judging others to be unworthy", the Eucharist should be made available to all who wish to receive it. He also received praise from former President of Ireland Mary McAleese for his contribution to
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#17331051348451788-523: A lecturer in philosophy and Catholic social teaching at Milltown Institute of Theology and Philosophy . Doran was subsequently appointed parish priest in St Kevin's parish, Glendalough in 2005, and four years later as parish chaplain to St Vincent de Paul parish, Marino . He was appointed diocesan director for the permanent diaconate in 2008 and administrator of Sacred Heart parish, Donnybrook , five years later. Doran also served as secretary general of
1937-534: A lower limit may be set by statute law. The current government is a coalition of Fianna Fáil , Fine Gael , and the Green Party with Simon Harris of Fine Gael as Taoiseach and Micheál Martin of Fianna Fáil as Tánaiste. Opposition parties in the current Dáil are Sinn Féin , the Labour Party , People Before Profit–Solidarity , Social Democrats , Aontú , as well as a number of independents . Ireland has been
2086-511: A member of NATO , although it is a member of Partnership for Peace and certain aspects of PESCO . Ireland's economy is advanced, with one of Europe's major financial hubs being centred on Dublin. It ranks among the top five wealthiest countries in the world in terms of both GDP and GNI per capita. After joining the EC, the country's government enacted a series of liberal economic policies that helped to boost economic growth between 1995 and 2007,
2235-582: A member of NATO's Partnership for Peace (PfP) program and NATO's Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC), which is aimed at creating trust between NATO and other states in Europe and the former Soviet Union. Ireland is a neutral country , and has "triple-lock" rules governing the participation of Irish troops in conflict zones, whereby approval must be given by the UN, the Dáil and Government. Accordingly, its military role
2384-418: A mistake. From the opposition parties, Peadar Tóibín was suspended by Sinn Féin for six months after voting no against the whip. While Fianna Fáil leader Micheál Martin favoured the bill, the party's TDs demanded a free vote , and 13 of 19 voted against. This contributed to media reports that Martin's continued leadership of the party was in doubt. Six pro-choice technical group TDs voted against
2533-583: A patient in such cases. All terminations were notified to the Minister for Health within 28 days. The Minister made an annual report of such notifications. Where a termination was requested but refused, a woman could appeal to the Health Service Executive (HSE). The HSE established a panel of at least 10 physicians, from whom a committee of two or three reviewed any application within three days. The committee members' specialties depended on whether
2682-512: A period it described as The Emergency . Ireland's Dominion status was terminated with the passage of The Republic of Ireland Act 1948 , which came into force on 18 April 1949 and declared that the state was a republic. At the time, a declaration of a republic terminated Commonwealth membership. This rule was changed 10 days after Ireland declared itself a republic, with the London Declaration of 28 April 1949. Ireland did not reapply when
2831-516: A policy on the Act. Professor John Crown , expressed his anger at the comments and said “serious questions have to be asked” on hospital board governance and suggested that religious institutions had retained management control of hospitals, whilst divesting of assets to so they could not be touched during abuse claims. He said that "fundamental reform" of hospitals we needed to enable freedom of choice of hospital (including where religious hospitals could have their own roles), but expressed concerns that
2980-686: A prime minister called the President of the Executive Council . The Irish Civil War (June 1922 – May 1923) was the consequence of the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the creation of the Irish Free State. Anti-treaty forces, led by Éamon de Valera , objected to the fact that acceptance of the treaty abolished the Irish Republic of 1919 to which they had sworn loyalty, arguing in
3129-635: A profound effect on changing public opinion in Ireland against the British Government. In January 1919, after the December 1918 general election , 73 of Ireland's 105 Members of Parliament (MPs) elected were Sinn Féin members who were elected on a platform of abstentionism from the British House of Commons . In January 1919, they set up an Irish parliament called Dáil Éireann . This first Dáil issued
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#17331051348453278-406: A referendum on 25 May 2018 by 66.4% of voters, and signed into law on 18 September 2018. The Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018 was then enacted by the Oireachtas. It repealed the 2013 Act while re-enacting a similar regulatory framework for terminations between 12 weeks' gestation and viability , which are permitted for "a risk to the life, or of serious harm to the health, of
3427-452: A register office marriage. Writing in Alive! , he said Catholics needed to consider if this was "in conflict with the truth" and said "This would be particularly important for someone who is asked to act in a formal capacity as a witness". On 24 February 2015, in advance of a referendum on permitting civil marriage for same-sex couples , Doran said "The reality is that those who wish to change
3576-560: A relationship between two people without distinction as to sex". The then- Minister for Health , Simon Harris , tweeted in response: "Please just make it stop! Increasing access to & availability of contraception is and will remain public health policy. Religion plays an important role for many on an individual basis – but it will not determine health and social policy in our country any more. Please get that." In an article for The Irish Catholic in January 2021, Doran warned that lives would be lost if significant numbers refused to take
3725-647: A ship and a special unit of frogmen . The military includes the Reserve Defence Forces ( Army Reserve and Naval Service Reserve ) for part-time reservists. Ireland's special forces include the Army Ranger Wing , which trains and operates with international special operations units. The President is the formal Supreme Commander of the Defence Forces, but in practice these Forces answer to the Government via
3874-399: A termination and became agitated upon discovering she was being transferred to a mental health unit rather than to an abortion facility. She was discharged after a psychiatrist employed by her guardian ad litem found "no evidence of a mental health disorder". Pro-choice advocates said the incident highlighted the deficiencies of the 2013 act. The Irish Times quoted psychiatrists describing
4023-433: A termination was necessary to prevent a risk of death. Those criteria differed in three scenarios: The physicians' diagnosis had to be "an opinion formed in good faith which has regard to the need to preserve unborn human life as far as practicable". Normal informed consent was required. Medical personnel with conscience objections to abortion were not required to participate in terminations, but had to transfer care of
4172-661: A time now often referred to as the Celtic Tiger period. A recession and reversal in growth then followed during the Great Recession , which was exacerbated by the bursting of the Irish property bubble . The Great Recession lasted until 2014, and was followed by a new period of strong economic growth. The Irish name for Ireland is Éire , deriving from Ériu , a goddess in Irish mythology. The state created in 1922, comprising 26 of
4321-562: A wide range of insect, bird and mammal species. It is home to two terrestrial ecoregions: Celtic broadleaf forests and North Atlantic moist mixed forests . Agriculture accounts for about 64% of the total land area. This has resulted in limited land to preserve natural habitats, in particular for larger wild mammals with greater territorial requirements. The long history of agricultural production coupled with modern agricultural methods, such as pesticide and fertiliser use, has placed pressure on biodiversity . The Atlantic Ocean and
4470-482: Is Carrauntoohil (1,038.6 m or 3,407 ft), located in the MacGillycuddy's Reeks mountain range in the southwest. River Shannon , which traverses the central lowlands, is the longest river in Ireland at 386 kilometres or 240 miles in length. The west coast is more rugged than the east, with numerous islands, peninsulas , headlands and bays . Ireland is one of the least forested countries in Europe. Until
4619-420: Is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland , with a population of about 5.4 million. The capital and largest city is Dublin , on the eastern side of the island, with a population of about 1.5 million. The sovereign state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland , which is part of the United Kingdom . It is otherwise surrounded by
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4768-630: Is also informally called "the Republic", "Southern Ireland" or "the South"; especially when distinguishing the state from the island or when discussing Northern Ireland ("the North"). Irish republicans reserve the name "Ireland" for the whole island and often refer to the state as "the Free State", "the 26 Counties", or "the South of Ireland". This is a "response to the partitionist view [...] that Ireland stops at
4917-499: Is appointed by the Government. Most uniformed members do not routinely carry firearms . Standard policing is traditionally carried out by uniformed officers equipped only with a baton and pepper spray . The Military Police is the corps of the Irish Army responsible for the provision of policing service personnel and providing a military police presence to forces while on exercise and deployment. In wartime, additional tasks include
5066-462: Is appointed by the President upon the nomination of the Dáil . Most Taoisigh have served as the leader of the political party that gains the most seats in national elections. It has become customary for coalitions to form a government, as there has not been a single-party government since 1989. The Dáil has 160 members ( Teachtaí Dála ) elected to represent multi-seat constituencies under
5215-610: Is being conducted. Debate resumed at 5pm that evening, and concluded with the final vote at 12.25am on the morning of 12 July. The bill was finally approved by 127 votes to 31. Six days were set aside for the bill's passage through the Seanad. It was introduced on Monday 15 July 2013 and passed its second stage the next day by 41 votes to 15. The No voters were: 10 of the 14 Fianna Fáil senators; independents Feargal Quinn and Rónán Mullen ; Taoiseach's nominee Mary Ann O'Brien ; and Fidelma Healy Eames and Paul Bradford , who lost
5364-682: Is bounded to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean and to the northeast by the North Channel . To the east, the Irish Sea connects to the Atlantic Ocean via St George's Channel and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. The western landscape mostly consists of rugged cliffs, hills and mountains. The central lowlands are extensively covered with glacial deposits of clay and sand, as well as significant areas of bogland and several lakes. The highest point
5513-578: Is limited to national self-defence and participation in United Nations peacekeeping . The Irish Defence Forces ( Óglaigh na hÉireann ) are made up of the Army , Naval Service , Air Corps and Reserve Defence Force . It is small but well equipped, with almost 10,000 full-time military personnel and over 2,000 in reserve. Daily deployments of the Defence Forces cover aid to civil power operations, protection and patrol of Irish territorial waters and EEZ by
5662-554: Is not an expression of freedom or dignity, but of the failure of a society to accompany people on their “way of the cross” Republic of Ireland – in Europe (light green & dark grey) – in the European Union (light green) Ireland ( Irish : Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ), also known as the Republic of Ireland ( Poblacht na hÉireann ),
5811-472: Is of its very nature, directed towards the upbringing, the care of children, and one [...] isn't and they can't be said to be the same", that gay and lesbian couples who have children are "not parents" and that some "people who have children are not necessarily parents'. When asked in the same interview whether homosexuality was what God intended, Doran said that "That would be to suggest if some people who are born with Down syndrome or spina bifida , that that
5960-524: Is primarily a figurehead , but is entrusted with certain constitutional powers with the advice of the Council of State . The office has absolute discretion in some areas, such as referring a bill to the Supreme Court for a judgment on its constitutionality. Michael D. Higgins became the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011. The Taoiseach (Prime Minister) serves as the head of government and
6109-589: Is the Taoiseach (prime minister, lit. ' chief ' ), elected by the Dáil and appointed by the president, who appoints other government ministers. The Irish Free State was created with Dominion status in 1922, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty . In 1937, a new constitution was adopted, in which the state was named "Ireland" and effectively became a republic, with an elected non-executive president . It
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6258-544: Is the dullest month, with an average daily sunshine ranging from about 1 hour in the north to almost 2 hours in the extreme southeast. The sunniest summer in the 100 years from 1881 to 1980 was 1887, according to measurements made at the Phoenix Park in Dublin; 1980 was the dullest. Ireland is a constitutional republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Oireachtas is the bicameral national parliament composed of
6407-536: Is woodland, most of which is non-native conifer plantations , and only 2% of which is native woodland. The average woodland cover in European countries is over 33%. According to Coillte , a state-owned forestry business, the country's climate gives Ireland one of the fastest growth rates for forests in Europe. Hedgerows , which are traditionally used to define land boundaries, are an important substitute for woodland habitat, providing refuge for native wild flora and
6556-475: The A, B and C v Ireland judgment, summarizing the Act and ensuing regulations and publicity, and stating that the Health Service Executive would be producing a patient information leaflet for women. On 4 December 2014, the Council's Committee of Ministers closed the case as resolved. The first annual report on the Act's operation, covering the calendar year 2014, was laid before the Dáil on 29 June 2015 by
6705-507: The 1979 oil crisis . There were significant policy changes from 1989 onwards, with economic reform, tax cuts, welfare reform, an increase in competition, and a ban on borrowing to fund current spending. This policy began in 1989–1992 by the Fianna Fáil/ Progressive Democrats government, and continued by the subsequent Fianna Fáil/ Labour government and Fine Gael /Labour/ Democratic Left government. Ireland became one of
6854-647: The 36th (Ulster) divisions. The remainder of the Irish Volunteers , who refused Redmond and opposed any support of the UK, launched an armed insurrection against British rule in the 1916 Easter Rising , together with the Irish Citizen Army . This commenced on 24 April 1916 with the declaration of independence . After a week of heavy fighting, primarily in Dublin, the surviving rebels were forced to surrender their positions. The majority were imprisoned, with fifteen of
7003-573: The Atlantic Ocean , with the Celtic Sea to the south, St George's Channel to the south-east and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a unitary , parliamentary republic . The legislature, the Oireachtas , consists of a lower house , Dáil Éireann ; an upper house , Seanad Éireann ; and an elected president ( Uachtarán ) who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state , but with some important powers and duties. The head of government
7152-632: The COVID-19 vaccine . One of the most outspoken pro-life voices in the Catholic Church in Ireland , he insisted that "[vaccination], as an aspect of preventive medicine, is recognised and encouraged by the Catholic Church as an essential element of the mission of healthcare professionals". In July 2021, Doran defied government advice by advising priests in the Diocese of Elphin to proceed with celebrating
7301-619: The Court of Appeal , the High Court , the Circuit Court and the District Court , all of which apply the Irish law and hear both civil and criminal matters. Trials for serious offences must usually be held before a jury . The High Court, Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court have authority, by means of judicial review , to determine the compatibility of laws and activities of other institutions of
7450-556: The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) ruled that the State had infringed a complainant's rights by not providing clear information on whether she was entitled to an abortion. The state had a year to respond officially, and after the 2011 general election , the coalition government decided in December 2011 to appoint an expert group to advise on how to implement the ECtHR judgment. Following
7599-464: The Fine Gael parliamentary party on 2 July 2013 after voting against the bill's second stage in defiance of a party whip . Lucinda Creighton was likewise expelled on 11 July for voting against the bill's report stage ; she was also forced to resign as Minister of State for European Affairs . Michael McNamara of Labour also voted against the bill, but the party later explained this had been
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#17331051348457748-409: The First World War which defused the threat of civil war in Ireland. With the hope of ensuring the implementation of the Act at the end of the war through Ireland's engagement in the war , Redmond and the Irish National Volunteers supported the UK and its Allies . 175,000 men joined Irish regiments of the 10th (Irish) and 16th (Irish) divisions of the New British Army , while Unionists joined
7897-422: The Good Friday Agreement , was approved in 1998 in referendums north and south of the border. As part of the peace settlement, the territorial claim to Northern Ireland in Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland was removed by referendum. In its white paper on Brexit the United Kingdom government reiterated its commitment to the Good Friday Agreement. With regard to Northern Ireland's status, it said that
8046-403: The Local Government Act 1898 , that had been in the hands of landlord-dominated grand juries of the Protestant Ascendancy . Home Rule seemed certain when the Parliament Act 1911 abolished the veto of the House of Lords , and John Redmond secured the Third Home Rule Act in 1914. However, the Unionist movement had been growing since 1886 among Irish Protestants after the introduction of
8195-769: The Local Government Reform Act 2014 , provides for a system of thirty-one local authorities – twenty-six county councils, two city and county councils, and three city councils. Counties (with the exception of the three counties in Dublin) are divided into municipal districts . A second local government tier of town councils was abolished in 2014. Local authorities are responsible for matters such as planning, local roads, sanitation, and libraries. The breaching of county boundaries should be avoided as far as practicable in drawing Dáil constituencies . Counties with greater populations have multiple constituencies, some of more than one county, but generally do not cross county boundaries. The counties are grouped into three regions , each with
8344-481: The Minister for Defence . In 2017, Ireland signed the United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons . Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 The Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 ( Act No.35 of 2013; previously Bill No.66 of 2013 ) was an Act of the Oireachtas which, until 2018, defined the circumstances and processes within which abortion in Ireland could be legally performed. The act gave effect in statutory law to
8493-492: The Pontifical Irish College in 1990, where he was appointed spiritual director , during which time he also completed a Doctor of Philosophy in philosophical anthropology , with specific focus on the philosophy of Pope John Paul II , at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas . Doran returned to the Archdiocese of Dublin in 1995, where he received his first pastoral assignment as curate in Our Lady of Perpetual Succour parish, Foxrock . During this assignment, he
8642-414: The President of Ireland and the two Houses of the Oireachtas: Dáil Éireann (House of Representatives) and Seanad Éireann (Senate). Áras an Uachtaráin is the official residence of the President of Ireland, while the houses of the Oireachtas meet at Leinster House in Dublin . The President serves as head of state , is elected for a seven-year term, and may be re-elected once. The President
8791-428: The President of Ireland , and commenced on 1 January 2014. The 2013 Act was repealed by the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018 , which commenced on 1 January 2019. Under section 58 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 , unlawfully attempting to procure a miscarriage was a crime punishable by up to life imprisonment. A 1983 amendment to the 1937 Constitution guaranteed to vindicate
8940-467: The Seanad , and the Taoiseach , Tánaiste (deputy prime minister) and Minister for Finance must be members of the Dáil . The Dáil must be dissolved within five years of its first meeting following the previous election, and a general election for members of the Dáil must take place no later than thirty days after the dissolution. In accordance with the Constitution of Ireland , parliamentary elections must be held at least every seven years, though
9089-430: The death of Savita Halappanavar in Galway on 28 October 2012 of maternal sepsis after a miscarriage, her husband and friends told local pro-choice groups they blamed her death on the denial of her request for an abortion; The Irish Times broke the story on 12 November and it fed into the wider abortion debate. On the day the story broke, the Irish government confirmed that the expert group handed in its report to
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#17331051348459238-484: The nuncio , Charles John Brown , asking whether TDs would be excommunicated if they voted for the bill. Derek Keating 's parish priest stopped him serving as minister of the Eucharist after he voted for the Act. Anti-abortion commentators criticised the bill's lack of time limits. Breda O'Brien suggested doctors might induce labour of a borderline- viable fetus , resulting in permanent health problems associated with premature birth . Rónán Mullen suggested
9387-502: The synod on synodality in Ireland, with special reference to the LBGTI+ focus group in his diocese – which prepared its own report in parallel to the report prepared by the diocese – whose "powerful voice drew particular attention in the national synthesis document". McAleese also congratulated Doran for his integrity in publishing that focus group report in its entirety, as agreed with its participants, and for ensuring it would go to Rome as written, describing his actions as "courageous in
9536-425: The " right to life of the unborn " with due regard for "the equal right to life of the mother". Proponents of the amendment believed that it would guarantee abortion could never be allowed in any circumstances. However, in 1992 the Supreme Court ruled in the X Case that abortion was permitted where pregnancy presented "a real and substantial risk to the life, as distinct from the health, of the mother", including where
9685-417: The 2021 Human Development Index listing ranked it the sixth-highest in the world. It also ranks highly in healthcare , economic freedom and freedom of the press . It is a member of the EU and a founding member of the Council of Europe and the OECD . The Irish government has followed a policy of military neutrality through non-alignment since before World War II , and the country is consequently not
9834-409: The 32 counties of Ireland , was "styled and known as the Irish Free State" ( Saorstát Éireann ). The Constitution of Ireland , adopted in 1937, says that "the name of the State is Éire , or, in the English language, Ireland". Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 states, "It is hereby declared that the description of the State shall be the Republic of Ireland." The 1948 Act does not name
9983-448: The 50th anniversary of the papal encyclical Humanae vitae in August 2018, Doran claimed "the fact that [women who use contraception ] are less likely to become pregnant also takes away from women one of the principle motives or freedoms for saying no to unwanted sex", stating that "there is a very direct connection between the contraceptive mentality and the surprisingly high number of people who seem ready to redefine marriage today as
10132-617: The Constitution are not actually looking for marriage equality. They are looking for a different kind of relationship which would be called marriage; a relationship which includes some elements of marriage, such as love and commitment, but excludes one of the two essential aspects of marriage, which is the openness of their sexual relationship to procreation. This is only possible if we change the meaning of marriage and remove that aspect of openness to procreation." Speaking on Newstalk Breakfast on 9 March, Doran differentiated between marriage and same-sex relationships , saying that "[one] [...]
10281-404: The Department of Health the night before. The committee offered four possibilities: 1) non-statutory guidelines 2) statutory regulations 3) legislation only and 4) legislation plus regulations. In December, the government decided to pursue option 4 in the expert group's report: legislation plus regulations. The Act specified the number and specialty of medical practitioners who concurred that
10430-496: The Fine Gael whip. Jim Walsh quoted an anti-abortion pamphlet's description of dilation and evacuation , which the bill's supporters criticised as inappropriate. Fianna Fáil's Brian Ó Domhnaill claimed that allowing abortions in the case of foetal anomalies would deprive Ireland of future Special Olympics athletes. He also remarked that Down Syndrome babies could be "left to die on sterilised trays". The bill passed its final stage unamended on 23 July 2013, by 39 votes to 14. If
10579-419: The Irish Free State and declared that the name of the state is Éire , or "Ireland" in the English language. While Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution defined the national territory to be the whole island, they also confined the state's jurisdiction to the area that had been the Irish Free State. The former Irish Free State government had abolished the Office of Governor-General in December 1936. Although
10728-548: The Irish Naval Service, and UN, EU and PfP peace-keeping missions. By 1996, over 40,000 Irish service personnel had served in international UN peacekeeping missions. The Irish Air Corps is the air component of the Defence Forces and operates sixteen fixed wing aircraft and eight helicopters. The Irish Naval Service is Ireland's navy, and operates six patrol ships , and smaller numbers of inflatable boats and training vessels, and has armed boarding parties capable of seizing
10877-573: The Irish Party leadership. This provided for the temporary exclusion of Ulster from the workings of the bill for a trial period of six years, with an as yet undecided new set of measures to be introduced for the area to be temporarily excluded. Though it received the Royal Assent and was placed on the statute books in 1914, the implementation of the Third Home Rule Act was suspended until after
11026-507: The June guidelines was published on 19 September 2014. The Irish Times commented that the guidelines differed from those circulated in July, and "appear to go further than the Act in prescribing C-section and early induction "; Minister for Health Leo Varadkar denied the "Ms Y" case had influenced them. ON 29 October 2014, the Government made a submission to the Council of Europe on its response to
11175-587: The King requesting, "that the powers of the Parliament and Government of the Irish Free State shall no longer extend to Northern Ireland." The Irish Free State was a constitutional monarchy sharing a monarch with the United Kingdom and other Dominions of the British Commonwealth . The country had a governor-general (representing the monarch), a bicameral parliament, a cabinet called the "Executive Council", and
11324-548: The Minister for Health. Separate regulations deal with certification of appropriate institutions, reporting of procedures performed, and application for review of refused termination. On 7 August 2013, Kevin Doran , a priest on the board of governors of Mater Misericordiae University Hospital told The Irish Times it could not comply with the Act because of its Catholic ethos, while a hospital spokesperson said it had not yet formulated
11473-513: The Minister for Health. The report revealed that in 2014 there had been 26 terminations in the state under the Act's provisions, of which three were on grounds of risk of suicide. In 2017, news media reported the case of an adolescent who was detained for several days under the Mental Health Act by the District Court on the evidence of psychiatrist that her distress at being pregnant placed her at risk of suicide. The girl had asked for
11622-478: The Minister to specify others. The draft bill's list of approved institutions included only maternity hospitals , but was extended to include other hospitals with intensive care units where the nearest maternity hospital did not have emergency medicine facilities. The bill was drafted by the Government and then introduced by it into the Oireachtas or parliament. After both Houses of the Oireachtas passed it, it
11771-763: The Preparatory Committee of the 50th International Eucharistic Congress between 2008 and 2012. He also served on numerous governing bodies, including the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital , from which he resigned in October 2013 after hospital management confirmed its intention to comply with the Protection of Life during Pregnancy Act . Doran was appointed Bishop-elect of Elphin by Pope Francis on 14 May 2014. He confessed his surprise at his appointment, saying: "Two weeks ago, we finalised
11920-436: The Seanad had rejected or amended the bill, the Dáil would have had to be recalled from its summer recess to consider the Seanad's changes. A bill passed by both Houses of the Oireachtas is sent to the President of Ireland to be signed into law . There were suggestions that the Seanad might petition President Michael D. Higgins to call an ordinary referendum on the bill. Paschal Donohoe suggested Higgins might refer
12069-402: The Supreme Court under Article 26 can never subsequently have its constitutionality challenged in court. News reports suggested that, for this reason, most members of the Council advised the President not to refer the bill, to allow the Supreme Court to consider it in the light of specific future cases rather than abstract hypothetical cases. Higgins had until 31 July 2013 to either sign or refer
12218-514: The UK Government's "clearly-stated preference is to retain Northern Ireland's current constitutional position: as part of the UK, but with strong links to Ireland". The state extends over an area of about five-sixths (70,273 km or 27,133 sq mi) of the island of Ireland (84,421 km or 32,595 sq mi), with Northern Ireland constituting the remainder. The island
12367-540: The UN involved a commitment to using force to deter aggression by one state against another if the UN thought it was necessary. Interest towards membership of the European Communities (EC) developed in Ireland during the 1950s, with consideration also given to membership of the European Free Trade Area . As the United Kingdom intended on EC membership, Ireland applied for membership in July 1961 due to
12516-542: The United Kingdom and United States are also important. It held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union on six occasions, most recently from January to June 2013. Ireland tends towards independence in foreign policy; thus the country is not a member of NATO and has a longstanding policy of military neutrality. This policy has led to the Irish Defence Forces contributing to peace-keeping missions with
12665-769: The United Nations since 1960, including during the Congo Crisis and subsequently in Cyprus , Lebanon and Bosnia and Herzegovina . Despite Irish neutrality during World War II , Ireland had more than 50,000 participants in the war through enlistment in the British armed forces. During the Cold War , Irish military policy, while ostensibly neutral, was biased towards NATO. During the Cuban Missile Crisis , Seán Lemass authorised
12814-551: The X Case. In May 2013, the Oireachtas Joint Committee on Health and Children held three days of discussions on the draft bill with healthcare and legal professionals. Its report was laid before the Dáil on 30 May. The bill was introduced in Dáil Éireann , the lower House of the Oireachtas, on 16 June 2013. It was the subject of vigorous debate. From the government parties, TDs Terence Flanagan , Peter Mathews , Billy Timmins , and Brian Walsh were expelled from
12963-435: The act as "unworkable" or "a lottery". In February 2015, Clare Daly 's private member's bill , to amend the 2013 act to allow abortion in cases of fatal foetal abnormality, was rejected in the Dáil; the government argued that the bill was unconstitutional, which Daly disputed. The Protection of Life During Pregnancy (Amendment) Bill 2017, introduced by pro-choice TDs from AAA–PBP and the Green Party , proposed to reduce
13112-445: The administrative regulations are the clinical guidelines for physicians to determine whether a given case met the legal criteria specified by the Act. These were not in place when the Act commenced. There was criticism of the decision to commence the Act and regulations before the guidelines have been established. The College of Psychiatrists advised members not to participate in assessments for risk of loss of life from suicide until
13261-406: The article did not happen". The Department of Health stated that commencement of the Act would not occur until the finalisation of the regulations required to implement its provisions. The department established an expert committee comprising twelve people, including ten medical specialists. It first met on 24 September 2013 and was originally expected to report within three months. One task
13410-470: The bill to the Supreme Court under Article 26 of the Constitution , to test whether it is constitutional. The President is required to summon a meeting of the Council of State before any referral, and on 24 July he called such a meeting for 29 July. Of the 24 members of the Council, 21 attended. Of the three absentees, Mary Robinson and John Bruton both made written submissions; the third, Albert Reynolds , had Alzheimer's disease . A bill allowed by
13559-416: The bill's report stage, 165 amendments were proposed. Faced with such a large number, the government decided to let the debate run over the originally allocated time, rather than using a guillotine motion to curtail it. Such a motion might have prevented discussion of the bill's most contentious sections, thereby increasing controversy. The report stage began at 11.50am on 10 July, and was adjourned at 5am
13708-499: The bill: Clare Daly , Joan Collins , Richard Boyd Barrett , Mick Wallace , Joe Higgins and Luke 'Ming' Flanagan . They argued instead for a referendum to repeal the 1983 Constitutional amendment which places the life of the mother and the unborn on an equal footing. Boyd Barrett criticised the exclusion of fatal foetal abnormality in the bill, which he said “will force women whose pregnancies will inevitably end in tragedy to go full term or travel overseas for terminations". At
13857-479: The bill; in the event, he signed it on 30 July without referral. The bill was criticised by commentators on both sides of the Irish abortion debate, both for being too restrictive, and for not being restrictive enough. Jurist Gerry Whyte listed and critiqued five hypothetical grounds on which the Act could be argued to be unconstitutional: the lack of explicit time limits; the lack of an opt-out for institutions (as opposed to individuals) with conscience objections;
14006-454: The body of the woman". Beginning at implantation conformed to a 2009 Supreme Court judgment on the beginning of pregnancy , rather than the Catholic view that personhood begins at conception . The aim of specifying the uterus was to avoid criminalising emergency contraception or treatment of ectopic pregnancy . The Act empowered the Minister for Health to produce regulations detailing
14155-611: The border". From the Act of Union on 1 January 1801, until 6 December 1922, the island of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . During the Great Famine , from 1845 to 1849, the island's population of over 8 million fell by 30%. One million Irish died of starvation and disease and another 1.5 million emigrated, mostly to the United States. This set
14304-403: The care of the patient as per current medical ethics'. Speaking on Newstalk Breakfast on 9 March 2015, Doran caused controversy by suggesting that rape victims seek abortions to "get back" at their perpetrators: "Objectively speaking, to kill another human being is always sinful. The child is still a human being, you don’t destroy a life in order to get back at the mother’s rapist." Following
14453-447: The condition was physical or mental, in the same way as for the initial assessment. The HSE published an annual report on the review process. The Act also repealed sections 58 and 59 of the 1861 Act; these criminalised attempted or actual procurement of miscarriage, and assisting such procurement. It replaced them with a new offence of "destruction of unborn human life", with a maximum penalty of 14 years' imprisonment. The director of
14602-661: The conflict that had become known as the Troubles . Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, the Irish government and Northern Irish government have co-operated on a number of policy areas under the North/South Ministerial Council created by the Agreement. Ireland is a developed country with a quality of life that ranks amongst the highest in the world; after adjustments for inequality ,
14751-468: The constitution established the office of President of Ireland , the question over whether Ireland was a republic remained open. Diplomats were accredited to the king, but the president exercised all internal functions of a head of state. For instance, the President gave assent to new laws with his own authority, without reference to King George VI who was only an "organ", that was provided for by statute law. Ireland remained neutral during World War II,
14900-466: The debate on the Act. He had provided two reasons why there was no right to refuse. These were that the Act did not contain a right "for conscientious objection by institutions" which was "is limited to persons involved in the delivery of the treatment only”, with a duty to ensure that another colleague takes over the patient care and that publicly funded hospitals could not refuse services to patients which were provided for under law. The board held
15049-621: The decision was taken on 5 December to recommend the treaty to Dáil Éireann. On 7 January 1922, the Second Dáil ratified the Treaty by 64 votes to 57. In accordance with the treaty, on 6 December 1922 the entire island of Ireland became a self-governing Dominion called the Irish Free State ( Saorstát Éireann ). Under the Constitution of the Irish Free State , the Parliament of Northern Ireland had
15198-509: The end of the Middle Ages , the land was heavily forested. Native species include deciduous trees such as oak , ash , hazel , birch , alder , willow , aspen , elm , rowan and hawthorn , as well as evergreen trees such Scots pine , yew , holly and strawberry trees . The growth of blanket bog and the extensive clearing of woodland for farming are believed to be the main causes of deforestation . Today, only about 10% of Ireland
15347-485: The extreme". In response to a wider reorganisation of diocesan church leadership in the ecclesiastical province of Tuam , and following the appointment of the Bishop of Achonry , Paul Dempsey , as Auxiliary Bishop of Dublin , Doran was appointed apostolic administrator sede vacante of Achonry on 10 April 2024. In December 2004, Doran urged Catholics to consider the appropriateness of participating in or attending
15496-518: The face of public support for the settlement that the "people have no right to do wrong". They objected most to the fact that the state would remain part of the British Empire and that members of the Free State Parliament would have to swear what the anti-treaty side saw as an oath of fidelity to the British king. Pro-treaty forces, led by Michael Collins , argued that the treaty gave "not
15645-461: The fact that a refused abortion can be appealed but an allowed abortion cannot; the lack of allowance for fatal foetal abnormality; and the possibility that the X-case judgment is not binding with regard to allowing suicide as grounds. The Irish Catholic Bishops' Conference wrote a series of pastoral letters condemning the bill. In May 2013, Fine Gael TD Tom Barry wrote to Cardinal Seán Brady and
15794-481: The first home rule bill, fearing discrimination and loss of economic and social privileges if Irish Catholics achieved real political power. In the late 19th and early 20th-century unionism was particularly strong in parts of Ulster , where industrialisation was more common in contrast to the more agrarian rest of the island, and where the Protestant population was more prominent, with a majority in four counties. Under
15943-465: The following morning. At about 2.40am, as deputies were awaiting a division , Tom Barry pulled Áine Collins , a fellow Fine Gael TD for Cork East , onto his lap. Barry apologised publicly and was reprimanded by Fine Gael. He admitted having drunk alcohol before the incident but denied being drunk. Some politicians called for an end to the practice of the Oireachtas members' private bar remaining open and serving alcohol whenever Oireachtas business
16092-480: The founding statute of the present system of local government, while the Twentieth Amendment to the constitution of 1999 provided for its constitutional recognition. The twenty-six traditional counties of Ireland are the basis of the local government areas, with the traditional counties of Cork , Dublin and Galway containing two or more local government areas. The Local Government Act 2001 , as amended by
16241-568: The guidelines had been published. The Irish Times reported in January 2014 that the guidelines were being drafted by the Medical Council; on 3 July 2014 it reported that they had been drawn up by the Department of Health and circulated to healthcare professionals. In August 2014 media reported on " Ms Y ", who in July had a Caesarean section after 24 weeks' gestation, despite having requested an abortion and being suicidal. A revised version of
16390-608: The law of the land". The other approved hospitals were managed by the HSE, and so provided facilities as a matter of course. The Irish Times reported on 23 August 2013 that the first abortion under the terms of the Act had been performed several weeks earlier at the NMH. In fact, although the act had been passed, it had not commenced . The NMH story was investigated for possible breach of information privacy law . On 31 August, The Irish Times withdrew its story and stated "the case described in
16539-933: The leadership of the Dublin-born Sir Edward Carson of the Irish Unionist Party and the Ulsterman Sir James Craig of the Ulster Unionist Party , unionists became strongly militant, forming Ulster Volunteers in order to oppose "the Coercion of Ulster". After the Home Rule Bill passed parliament in May 1914, to avoid rebellion with Ulster, the British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith introduced an Amending Bill reluctantly conceded to by
16688-447: The life of a pregnant woman was in danger. A spokesperson for Department of Health replied to say that the Act "does not provide for conscientious objection by institutions" and consciousness objections related solely to the rights of the "persons involved in the delivery of the treatment only". In there a case of an immediate risk to the life of a pregnant woman, the health professional has a "duty to ensure that another colleague takes over
16837-455: The lowest temperature recorded was −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) at Markree Castle in Sligo. Rainfall is more prevalent during winter months and less so during the early months of summer. Southwestern areas experience the most rainfall as a result of south westerly winds, while Dublin receives the least. Sunshine duration is highest in the southeast of the country. The far north and west are two of
16986-518: The necessity of enforcing the treaty. Lack of public support for the anti-treaty forces (often called the Irregulars) and the determination of the government to overcome the Irregulars contributed significantly to their defeat. Following a national plebiscite in July 1937, the new Constitution of Ireland ( Bunreacht na hÉireann ) came into force on 29 December 1937. This replaced the Constitution of
17135-558: The new penalty would not "defend and vindicate" the unborn's right to life "as far as practicable". Simon Harris , the Minister for Health , said, "The clear advice of the Attorney General , which I am sharing with the House, is that this Bill fails to discharge the State's obligations under Article 40.3.3° of the Constitution and would, if passed, be likely to be subject to immediate successful legal challenge." The Dáil resolved to decline
17284-426: The option to leave the Irish Free State one month later and return to the United Kingdom. During the intervening period, the powers of the Parliament of the Irish Free State and Executive Council of the Irish Free State did not extend to Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland exercised its right under the treaty to leave the new Dominion and rejoined the United Kingdom on 8 December 1922. It did so by making an address to
17433-429: The passing of a referendum on liberalising abortion laws on 25 May 2018, he encouraged Catholics who voted Yes in the referendum to repent . While he believed those who voted in favour of the motion knowing abortion would be the outcome had committed “a sin”, Doran also stated that any decision by Catholics who voted yes to receive Communion was "a matter for their own personal conscience". At an event commemorating
17582-784: The pattern of emigration for the century to come, resulting in constant population decline up to the 1960s. From 1874, and particularly under Charles Stewart Parnell from 1880, the Irish Parliamentary Party gained prominence. This was firstly through widespread agrarian agitation via the Irish Land League , which won land reforms for tenants in the form of the Irish Land Acts , and secondly through its attempts to achieve Home Rule , via two unsuccessful bills which would have granted Ireland limited national autonomy. These led to "grass-roots" control of national affairs, under
17731-540: The planned hospital would reduce options. The Irish Times suggested that it was permissible for the Mater to opt out of the Act, due to the deletion from the bill of an explicit requirement for approved institutions to facilitate terminations. While Minister for Health James Reilly declined to comment as the hospital board had not met yet, a spokesperson for the Department of Health signposted to Reilly's comments during
17880-462: The prescribed punishment for "unlawful destruction of human life" from the maximum 14-year prison sentence specified in the 2013 Act to a fine of up to €1. The intention was to provide minimal compliance with the constitutional requirement to outlaw abortion while removing any deterrent effect. The bill was rejected by the Fine Gael–independent coalition , that the bill was unconstitutional as
18029-742: The priesthood at Holy Cross College between 1970 and 1974, completing a Bachelor of Arts in philosophy and French at University College Dublin , and at the Pontifical Irish College , Rome , between 1974 and 1977, completing a Bachelor of Sacred Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University . He was ordained a priest for the Archdiocese of Dublin on 6 July 1977. Following ordination, Doran received his first diocesan assignment as catechist and chaplain at Ringsend Technical Institute , during which time he also completed
18178-594: The prisoners (including most of the leaders) were executed as traitors to the UK. This included Patrick Pearse , the spokesman for the rising and who provided the signal to the volunteers to start the rising, as well as James Connolly , socialist and founder of the Industrial Workers of the World union and both the Irish and Scottish Labour movements. These events, together with the Conscription Crisis of 1918 , had
18327-523: The procedures for all its provisions. A "senior source" at the National Maternity Hospital (NMH) told The Irish Times that terminations had been carried out there prior to the 2013 Act, and that the change brought about by the Act would be to remove the "fear of a possible Medical Council case". Except in an emergency, a termination could only be carried out in an "appropriate institution". The Act listed several of these, and empowered
18476-471: The prospect of medical malpractice lawsuits from such births might make doctors prefer late-term abortion instead. Professor Fiona de Londras objected to the criteria for establishing risk being more onerous for suicide than for physical illness. While the bill was still in progress, the Department of Health published drafts of the Statutory Instruments for regulations to be introduced by
18625-421: The provision of a traffic control organisation to allow rapid movement of military formations to their mission areas. Other wartime roles include control of prisoners of war and refugees. Ireland's citizenship laws relate to "the island of Ireland", including islands and seas, thereby extending them to Northern Ireland , which is part of the United Kingdom. Therefore, anyone born in Northern Ireland who meets
18774-434: The requirements for being an Irish citizen, such as birth on the island of Ireland to an Irish or British citizen parent or a parent who is entitled to live in Northern Ireland or the Republic without restriction on their residency, may exercise an entitlement to Irish citizenship, such as an Irish passport . Foreign relations are substantially influenced by membership of the European Union, although bilateral relations with
18923-430: The risk was through suicide. There were two attempts to amend the Constitution to explicitly rule out suicide as grounds for abortion. These were rejected at referendums in 1992 and in 2002 ; some no-voters felt the restriction was too strong and others that it was not strong enough. No legislation was passed to amend the 1861 Act in the light of the 1992 judgment. In December 2010, in the case A, B and C v Ireland ,
19072-623: The rules were altered to permit republics to join. Later, the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 was repealed in Ireland by the Statute Law Revision (Pre-Union Irish Statutes) Act 1962 . Ireland became a member of the United Nations in December 1955, after having been denied membership because of its neutral stance during the Second World War and not supporting the Allied cause . At the time, joining
19221-528: The sacraments of First Communion and Confirmation . In an article for the Irish Independent on 30 July, he opined that the mission of the church could not be put on hold indefinitely. This prompted a response from the then- Taoiseach , Michéal Martin , who questioned whether it was "too much to ask" for adherence to public health advice, adding that he didn't "approve of any unilateral breaching of regulations no matter what quarter they come from". Doran
19370-597: The search of Cuban and Czechoslovak aircraft passing through Shannon and passed the information to the CIA . Ireland's air facilities were used by the United States military for the delivery of military personnel involved in the 2003 invasion of Iraq through Shannon Airport . The airport had previously been used for the United States invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, as well as the First Gulf War . Since 1999, Ireland has been
19519-415: The state "Republic of Ireland", because to have done so would have put it in conflict with the Constitution. The government of the United Kingdom used the name "Eire" (without the diacritic ) and, from 1949, "Republic of Ireland", for the state. It was not until the 1998 Good Friday Agreement , when the state dropped its claim to Northern Ireland , that it began calling the state "Ireland". The state
19668-563: The state with the constitution and the law. Except in exceptional circumstances, court hearings must occur in public. The Garda Síochána ( lit. Guardians of the Peace), more commonly referred to as the Gardaí, is the state's civilian police force. The force is responsible for all aspects of civil policing, both in terms of territory and infrastructure. It is headed by the Garda Commissioner, who
19817-541: The substantial economic linkages with the United Kingdom. The founding EC members remained sceptical regarding Ireland's economic capacity, neutrality, and unattractive protectionist policy. Many Irish economists and politicians realised that economic policy reform was necessary. The prospect of EC membership became doubtful in 1963 when French President General Charles de Gaulle stated that France opposed Britain's accession, which ceased negotiations with all other candidate countries. In 1969 his successor, Georges Pompidou ,
19966-490: The system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote . The Seanad is composed of sixty members, with eleven nominated by the Taoiseach , six elected by two university constituencies , and 43 elected by public representatives from panels of candidates established on a vocational basis. The government is constitutionally limited to fifteen members. No more than two members can be selected from
20115-429: The terms of the Constitution as interpreted by the Supreme Court in the 1992 judgment in the X Case . That judgment allowed for abortion where pregnancy endangers a woman's life , including through a risk of suicide . The provisions relating to suicide had been the most contentious part of the bill. Having passed both Houses of the Oireachtas in July 2013, it was signed into law on 30 July by Michael D. Higgins ,
20264-498: The ultimate freedom that all nations aspire to and develop, but the freedom to achieve it". At the start of the war, the Irish Republican Army (IRA) split into two opposing camps: a pro-treaty IRA and an anti-treaty IRA . The pro-treaty IRA disbanded and joined the new National Army . However, because the anti-treaty IRA lacked an effective command structure and because of the pro-treaty forces' defensive tactics throughout
20413-477: The war, Michael Collins and his pro-treaty forces were able to build up an army with many tens of thousands of World War I veterans from the 1922 disbanded Irish regiments of the British Army, capable of overwhelming the anti-treatyists. British supplies of artillery, aircraft, machine-guns and ammunition boosted pro-treaty forces, and the threat of a return of Crown forces to the Free State removed any doubts about
20562-575: The warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. Temperatures differ regionally, with central and eastern areas tending to be more extreme. However, due to a temperate oceanic climate , temperatures are seldom lower than −5 °C (23 °F) in winter or higher than 26 °C (79 °F) in summer. The highest temperature recorded in Ireland was 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) on 26 June 1887 at Kilkenny Castle in Kilkenny, while
20711-421: The windiest regions in Europe, with great potential for wind energy generation. Ireland normally gets between 1100 and 1600 hours of sunshine each year, most areas averaging between 3.25 and 3.75 hours a day. The sunniest months are May and June, which average between 5 and 6.5 hours per day over most of the country. The extreme southeast gets most sunshine, averaging over 7 hours a day in early summer. December
20860-549: The world's fastest growing economies by the late 1990s in what was known as the Celtic Tiger period, which lasted until the Great Recession . Since 2014, Ireland has experienced increased economic activity. In the Northern Ireland question, the British and Irish governments started to seek a peaceful resolution to the violent conflict involving many paramilitaries and the British Army in Northern Ireland known as " The Troubles ". A peace settlement for Northern Ireland, known as
21009-550: Was also a lecturer in philosophy and Catholic social teaching at Mater Dei Institute of Education and occasional lecturer in midwifery ethics at the National Maternity Hospital. Doran was appointed parish chaplain to St Anthony's parish, Clontarf , and diocesan vocations director in 1998. He was subsequently appointed national vocations co-ordinator for the Irish Catholic Bishops' Conference in 2000 and
21158-407: Was appointing doctors to the review and appeals panels required by the Act, which was accomplished by December. On 19 December 2013, Minister Reilly signed several statutory instruments: those specifying regulations for certification, review, and notification of decisions, and a commencement order specifying 1 January 2014 as the date the Act and regulations would come into force. Separate from
21307-430: Was not admitted. After the War of Independence and truce called in July 1921, representatives of the British government and the five Irish treaty delegates, led by Arthur Griffith , Robert Barton and Michael Collins , negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty in London from 11 October to 6 December 1921. The Irish delegates set up headquarters at Hans Place in Knightsbridge , and it was here in private discussions that
21456-458: Was not opposed to British and Irish membership. Negotiations began and in 1972 the Treaty of Accession was signed. A referendum was held later that year which confirmed Ireland's entry into the bloc, and it finally joined the EC as a member state on 1 January 1973. The economic crisis of the late 1970s was fuelled by the Fianna Fáil government's budget, the abolition of the car tax, excessive borrowing, and global economic instability including
21605-439: Was officially declared a republic in 1949, following The Republic of Ireland Act 1948 . Ireland became a member of the United Nations in 1955. It joined the European Communities (EC), the predecessor of the European Union (EU), in 1973. The state had no formal relations with Northern Ireland for most of the 20th century, but the 1980s and 1990s saw the British and Irish governments working with Northern Irish parties to resolve
21754-410: Was reported to have had his Twitter account temporarily restricted on 22 February 2021, after he Tweeted on 31 January his opposition to efforts to legalise assisted suicide in Ireland. However, by 23 February, the Tweet was restored and restrictions on Doran's account were removed. There is dignity in dying. As a priest, I am privileged to witness it often. Assisted suicide, where it is practiced,
21903-402: Was signed into law by the President. In January 2013, the Oireachtas Joint Committee on Health and Children held three days of discussions with interest groups on the government's plans. The meeting was held in the chamber of the Seanad , rather than a committee room, to allow more people to attend. Journalist Stephen Collins commented that it was an unusual and positive step to hold such
22052-515: Was what God intended either". The Archbishop of Dublin , Diarmuid Martin , described Doran's choice of words as "an unfortunate phrase" and hoped that offence had not been caused. Doran later expressed his regret over the hurt experienced by people, either due to his choice of words or to the manner in which what he said had been subsequently reported. Following this event, the Archbishop declined to comment on whether or not Martin had retained his confidence. Doran expressed regret days later saying he
22201-444: Was “conscious that whatever the situation, some people were hurt by either what I said or what they thought I had said and I very much regret that”. In 2013, while a member of the Mater Hospital board, Doran said the hospital "can't carry out abortions because it goes against our ethos". As an institution listed in the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act , the hospital was obliged to carry out out or assist with terminations where
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