92-465: Kanhangad ( Malayalam: [kaːɲːɐŋːaːɖɨ̆] ) is a commercial city, located in the Kasaragod District , state of Kerala , India. The area contains villages around Kanhangad town with Kasaragod as the northern border, Nileshwar , popularly known as the 'cultural town' of Kasaragod district with its rich rivers and lakes; as the southern boundary. The eastern part of Kanhangad
184-577: A Gandaberunda , the mythical two-headed bird of Karnataka, is found in Keladi. Also, in the Rameshwara temple, a pillar sculpture shows Maratha Rajaram with Keladi Chennamma (history has it that Rajaram was protected by the queen when he was on the run from the Mughals). The Keladi Nayakas were Veerashaivas , patronized the religion, constructed numerous mutts and were responsible for the spread of Veerashaivism to
276-456: A forest of Strychnine tree . As per historic records, the place was ruled by Kanjan , a tribal representative of Kolathiri which later came to be known as Kanjante naad which means 'land of Kanjan' in Malayalam; later constricted as Kanhangad. There is also another legend that the name was derived from a Sanskrit word Kanchanaghatta . It was cited in old folklore that the area of Kanhangad
368-824: A gas-based powerplant at Cheemeni was taken by the second Chandy government . A government medical college was allowed for Kasaragod district, as a part of the government's new policy to establish at ensure availability of at least one Government Medical College in all the 14 districts of the state in 2013. Nayakas of Keladi Nayakas of Keladi ( Kannada: [keɭɐd̪i naːjɐkɐru] ) (1499–1763), also known as Nayakas of Bednore ( Kannada: [bid̪ɐnuːru naːjɐkɐru] ) and Ikkeri Nayakas ( Kannada: [ikːeːri naːjɐkɐru] ), were an Indian dynasty based in Keladi in present-day Shimoga district of Karnataka , India . They were an important ruling dynasty in post-medieval Karnataka . They initially ruled as
460-639: A high graduation in Sanskrit language, Gandhi Krishnan Nair, who lost his eyes during Toddy shop picketing, H. Vasudev who has worked in National Movement since a young age, Damodara Shenoy, K. Madhavan, who participated in the Salt Satyagraha, Achyutha Shenoy who was tortured by Police for participating in the Quit India Movement, editors of Shakti Magazine, and K.T Kunhiraman Nambiyar who was famous as
552-732: A junction in Mavungal . Kanhangad has one of the Regional Transport Offices in the district with KL60 registration. ( See List of RTO districts in Kerala ) Kanhangad Railway Station is one of the railway stations that lies in the Shoranur - Mangalore Section of the Southern Railways . The station comes under A - category stations of Palakkad Division . The proposed railway line between Kanhangad and Kaniyuru which connects Bangalore
644-672: A lot of foreign exchange by exporting it. One of the largest public sector enterprise in Kanhangad is the China Clay Factory in Vazhunnoradi. Now the government has plans to start a Cashew liquor factory and the first ever meat processing plant and college in India here. Kanhangad experiences a Tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification . The southwest monsoon begins towards
736-580: A massive Khadi centre. It has given good direction to the freedom struggle in addition to the increase in the enthusiasm which the promotion of Khaadi had. In January 1925, the Hosdurg unit of the Indian National Congress was formed. AC Kannan Nair was the first President and KT Kunhiraman Nambiar was the first Secretary. Many members of the Janmis or Noblemen and ordinary people from this region attended
828-528: A new fort to resist further attacks from Nileshwaram kingdom. The fort is now known as Puthiyakotta or Hosdurg , meaning 'New Fort' in Malayalam and Kannada respectively. In the 1760s Haidar Ali captured the land from Ikkeri Nayaks and the region came under the Mysore Kingdom which was later merged with the south Kanara district. In 1799, soon after the death of Tipu Sultan the entire region came under
920-516: A person who was the volunteer captain of the Kerala Congress Conference in 1926. Hosdurg area was a sub-taluk of Kasaragod taluk. This information was recorded in the first censorship after independence in 1951. Following the linguistic state reorganization , Kasaragod taluk was split from the southern Karnataka region and was merged with Malabar district and the state of Kerala was formed on 1 November 1956. On 1 November 1957, Malabar
1012-400: A total population of 125,564. Males constitute 46.6% of the population and females 53.4%. Kanhangad Municipality+Outgrowth spreads over an area of 70.47 km (27.21 sq mi) with 27,579 families residing in it. Kanhangad had an average literacy rate of 92.6%, higher than the national average of 74.04% and lower than state average of 94.00%; male literacy was 96.17%, and female literacy
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#17328511719801104-591: A vassal of the famous Vijayanagar Empire . After the fall of the empire in 1565, they gained independence and ruled significant parts of Malnad region of the Western Ghats in present-day Karnataka, most areas in the coastal regions of Karnataka and the central plains along the Tungabhadra river. In 1763 AD, with their defeat to Hyder Ali , they were absorbed into the Kingdom of Mysore . They played an important part in
1196-488: Is a coastal town which has a varied topography with plain areas in the centre of the city. The landscape is dominated by the characteristic coconut palms accompanying rolling hills and streams flowing into the sea. In the East, there are hilly areas of Madikai . The western region has powdered sand and a mix of laterite and alluvial soil in the areas between. The hilly areas typically consists of red sand. The Arabian Sea lies in
1288-484: Is a memorial and public reading room at Kanhangad in remembrance of the poet and also being a native of Kasaragod, he spent a greater part of his life teaching at the Raja's High School at Kollengode, where his memorial was set up as a prominent centre of Kerala's art and culture. Kanhangad has also produced other notable authors too like P.V Kunhikkannan who is popularly known with his pen name P. V. K. Panayal who has even won
1380-628: Is a part of the Kasaragod constituency which extends from Manjeshwaram in Kasaragod district to Kalliasseri in Kannur district. Rajmohan Unnithan of the Indian National Congress party is currently representing the Kasaragod constituency since May, 2019. Kanhangad's assembly constituency (Number 4) is a part of the Kasaragod (Lok Sabha constituency). E. Chandrasekharan of Left Democratic Front
1472-640: Is also known to have defeated the Adilshahis of Bijapur in Hanagal. Though a Virashaiva by faith, he built many temples for Vaishnavas and Jains and a mosque for Muslims. He defeated the Portuguese in 1618 and 1619. Virabhadra Nayaka (1629–1645) faced many troubles from the start, including competition from rival Jain chieftains of Malenad for the throne of Ikkeri and invasion by the Sultanate armies of Bijapur. Ikkeri
1564-663: Is around 1460 km and it accounts for around 11.2 km of MDR for every 10,000 people in the district. The Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) has stations to operate its service in the district. The railway goes through coastal area. Kasaragod railway station lies in Palakkad railway division of southern zone on Mangalore - Shoranur line. Kasaragod district is home to 3 out of 13 minor ports in Kerala - Manjeshwar , Kasaragod, and Nileshwaram . The nearest international airports are situated at Mangalore (65 km away) and Kannur (110 km away). According to
1656-537: Is built on its bank. The river originates at Pattimala in Kodagu (Coorg). The smallest river of Kerala is also in the district. Kasargod district consists of two revenue subdivisions- Kasargod and Kanhangad. For sake of rural administration, 38 Gram Panchayats are combined in 6 Blocks, which together form the Kasargod District Panchayat. For the sake of urban administration, 3 municipal towns are there. For
1748-520: Is categorized as Panathur area with the difference in terrain mainly because of the hilly terrain and hill stations and to the West lies the Arabian Sea . The importance of Kanhangad is that it lies in the exact centre between the two major cities Mangalore and Kannur , equidistant from their respective district headquarters. Kanhangad lies at 12°18′0″N 75°5.4′0″E in the geographic map of Kasaragod . It
1840-444: Is considered by scholars as ablest monarch of the clan. He completely freed himself from the overlordship of the relocated Vijayanagar rulers of Penugonda. Italian traveller Pietro Della Valle , who visited his kingdom in 1623, called him an able soldier and administrator. In his reign the kingdom expanded so that it covered coastal regions, Malnad regions, and some regions to the east of the western Ghats of present-day Karnataka. He
1932-424: Is one of the 14 districts in the southern Indian state of Kerala . Its northern border Thalappady is located just 9 km south to Ullal , which is the southernmost portion of the major port city Mangalore , on the southwestern Malabar coast of India. Kasaragod is the northernmost district of Kerala and is also known as Saptha Bhasha Sangama Bhoomi (The place where Seven languages meets) The district
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#17328511719802024-461: Is operating from Kanhangad. It also has news bureaus of major Malayalam news papers namely Mathrubhumi and Malayala Manorama operating from the city and also channels like Kasargod vision, a unit of Kerala Vision. There are also local news papers that are being printed and published from the city like the "Latest". The Vision is a monthly magazine published by the spiritual center Anandashram, in Kanhangad. TRAI has announced Kanhangad as one of
2116-509: Is part of Kolathunadu (south of Chandragiri river) and Kasargod and Manjeshwaram is in the Tulu Nadu region (north of Chandragiri river). On 19 January 1801, Francis speaks of visiting a Siva temple at Pulla (Pallikere), beyond which, the country rises into open rising lands, all the way to Chandragiri river and Chandragiri fort, which he describes as the northern border of the Malayala. He says that
2208-470: Is popularly known as Temunday Family due to the ownership of lands in Tenginagundi. Many Nawayath Muslims were appointed in the administrative positions. The families of these nobles Nawayath still use their surnames as Ikkeri and are mainly settled in and around Bhatkal . The Golden Kalasa on the dome of Bhatkal Jamia Masjid popularly known as 'Chinnada Palli' meaning 'Golden Mosque' is believed to be
2300-405: Is situated in the midway between Kasaragod and Kanhangad , and is also largest fort in Kerala, was built in 1650 by Shivappa Nayaka of Keladi . Francis Buchanan, the family doctor of Arthur Wellesley , visited Kasaragod in 1800. In his travelogue, he recorded information on places like Athiraparambu, Kavvai, Nileshwaram , Bekal , Chandragiri and Manjeshwar . Hosdurg and Vellarikundu
2392-465: Is situated on the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats . It was a part of the Kannur district of Kerala until 24 May 1984. It also remains the last formed district of kerala to date. The district is bounded by Dakshina Kannada district to the north, Western Ghats to the northeast, Kodagu district to the southeast, Kannur district to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the west. Kasaragod district has
2484-467: Is the current MLA and also the former Revenue Minister of Kerala. Kanhangad which was initially a special grade panchayat was upgraded to a Municipality on 1 June 1984. Kanhangad is a subdistrict in Kasaragod district and the Kanhangad Municipality is in charge of the civic and infrastructural assets of the city. The Kasargod district is divided into two Revenue divisions, Kasargod division in
2576-571: Is the highest peak in the Kasargod district of Kerala, located in the Ranipuram Wildlife Sanctuary. Kasaragod has a tropical climate . Kasaragod district has the largest number of rivers in Kerala - 12. All of them are west-flowing rivers. The longest of them is Chandragiri River (105 km long). Kasaragod town is located on the estuary of Chandragiri river. It empties into the Arabian Sea at Thalangara . The Chandragiri Fort
2668-451: Is the northernmost district of Kerala, which is far away from Thiruvananthapuram , the state headquarters, which is located in the southernmost tip of state. Manjeshwaram town is located about 600 km north of the state headquarters Thiruvananthapuram , about 30 km south of Mangalore , about 350 km west of Bangalore , the headquarters of the neighbouring state Karnataka , and about 950 km south of Mumbai city. In 2012,
2760-421: Is under review. If implemented, Kanhangad station will be upgraded as a Railway Junction and a special train service from Kanhangad to Bangalore will be a major push for the station and this will also accelerate the development of the city and entire North Malabar region. Mangalore International Airport , Bajpe at a distance of 85.7 km and Kannur International Airport at a distance of 89.4 km are
2852-534: The British . The British occupied Kanara only after the death of Tippu Sultan. it is said that Kinavoor Molom (Sree Dharma Shashtha Temple) is belonging to Karinthalam (one of 64 Brahmin villages in old Kerala). Before the formation of Kerala, Kasargod was a part of South Canara district of erstwhile Madras Presidency . Initially South Canara was included in the Bombay presidency . Later on 16 April 1862, South Canara
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2944-710: The Kerala Sahithya Akademi Award , Santhosh Echikkanam and Dr. Ambikasuthan Mangad . Kanhangad is well connected to Kannur , Kozhikode , Kasaragod , Madikeri and Mangalore through Road. NH-66 (previously known as NH-17 ), which runs from Panvel (in Maharashtra ) to Kanyakumari (in Tamil Nadu ), passes through Mavungal which is 3 km east to Kanhangad town in a north–south direction and connects with Kasaragod , Mangalore , Udupi , etc. in north and Kannur , Kochi , Thiruvananthapuram , etc. in
3036-765: The Kolathunadu kingdom of North Malabar , before the Carnatic conquests of Vijayanagara Empire . The Kumbla dynasty had a mixed lineage of Malayali Nairs and Tuluva Brahmins . They also claimed their origin from Cheraman Perumals of Kerala. Francis Buchanan-Hamilton states that the customs of Kumbla dynasty were similar to those of the contemporary Malayali kings. The Kolathiri Dominion emerged into independent 10 principalities i.e., Kadathanadu ( Vadakara ), Randathara or Poyanad ( Dharmadom ), Kottayam ( Thalassery ), Nileshwaram , Iruvazhinadu ( Panoor ), Kurumbranad etc., under separate royal chieftains due to
3128-540: The Malenadu and Coastal Karnataka . There were sixty four mutts in the district of Dakshina Kannada alone. Nevertheless, they were tolerant towards followers of other religions and other Hindu denominations. The Keladi Nayakas invited Kazi Mahmoud who was a grandson of chief kazi of Adil Shahi kingdom of Bijapur to settle in Bhatkal . The revenue of Tenginagundi village was given to Kazi Mahmoud. The kazi family of Bhatkal
3220-490: The Second Oommen Chandy ministry appointed a commission under the leadership of the former Chief Secretary P. Prabhakaran to study about the backwardness and issues faced by this northernmost district of Kerala and to draw up a special package for the district. In 2013, two more taluks, namely Manjeshwaram and Vellarikundu were formed in the district. Before it the district had only two Taluks. The decision to implement
3312-628: The Simon Commission for boycotting and Civil Disobedience movement. In April 1926, Vidwan P. Kelu Nair setup the Vighyanadayini National Sanskrit School in Vellikoth (Bellikoth) to promote National education. Later the school became the main centre of the National Movement in the region. The prominent Congress leaders like AC Kannan Nair, KT Kunhiraman Nambiar, Damodara Bhaktan, Vidwan P Kelunayar and E Raghava Panikkar were
3404-674: The 1921 Guruvayoor Satyagraha and the 1942 Quit India Movement . AC. Kannan Nair who was the Congress president of Hosdurg Thaluk in 1925 has fought against untouchability. He also started the Vallabhai Library in Kottacherry which helped the National movement a lot in the region. The prominent leaders who participated in the Indian freedom struggle from Kanhangad include Vidwan P. Kelu Nair, who has
3496-542: The 2018 Vital Statistics published by the Government of Kerala , Kasargod district has a population of 1,390,894, roughly equal to the nation of Trinidad and Tobago or the US state of New Hampshire . The 2011 Census of India , gives the district a ranking of 375th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 654 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,690/sq mi). Its population growth rate over
3588-486: The Chandragiri and Kavai (Kavvayi) rivers presents the characteristics of a twilight zone between the Malayalam and Tulu speaking areas. Kasargod is also the first district in India to have official symbols-official tree, flower, bird, species. Until the 16th century CE, Kasaragod town was known by the name Kāññirakkōṭŭ (meaning, 'The land of kāññira Trees'). The Ancient Tamil Works of Sangam Age records that
3680-479: The Gulf and other regions. Kanhangad had a larger diaspora in the Gulf countries. The remittance from these countries supported the economic activities a lot. ( See Kerala Gulf diaspora ). The laterite ( Cheadi ) and red soil which is found in the Kanhangad and the surrounding areas are excavated and processed for export. The best quality cashews in Kerala are cultivated in Kanhangad. This industry has been able to secure
3772-634: The Ikkeri Kings have been attacking this area since the 1630s. Since Kanhangad became a part of Nileshwaram kingdom following the reign of the Kolathunadu , the land witnessed frequent conflicts between Nileshwaram kingdom and Ikkeri Nayaks of Bednore . When the Ikkeri Nayaks defeated the Nileshwaram kingdom, the region came under the Keladi Nayaka Kingdom. In 1713 Somashekara Nayaka constructed
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3864-638: The Maratha Shivaji and later his son Sambhaji to defeat all rival claimants to the throne. She gave shelter to Chhatrapathi Rajaram when he fled from the Mughal army. Chennamma of Keladi is well remembered by local people through tales of her bravery. Basavappa Nayaka (1697–1714) He was a brave ruler and was adopted by Rani Chennammaji from their relative Markappa Shetty of Bedanur Somashekara Nayaka II (1714–1739) Kiriya Basavappa Nayaka (1739–1754) Chenna Basappa Nayaka (1754–1757) Queen Virammaji (1757–1763)
3956-549: The Nayakas' art. Vijayanagar-style pillars with hippogryphs are common; called yali columns (depiction of horses and lions as seen in Hampi ) is found here. These are pillars with lions, either with their forepaws raised or simply in a sitting position, and pillars with a mythical horse-like animal with front legs raised, balancing on its rear legs, and with an armed rider on its back which are worth seeing at Ikkeri. A roof sculpture depicting
4048-446: The Portuguese, and other Nayakas of the neighbouring territories east of the western ghats helped expand the kingdom to its greatest extent, covering large areas of present-day Karnataka. He gave importance to agriculture and developed new schemes for collection of taxes and revenues which earned him much praise from later British officials. A statue of him and the palace built by him containing many artifacts of his times are reminders of
4140-521: The administration of this area was vested with Ikkeri Nayakas . At the onset of collapse of the Vijayanagara empire, Venkappa Nayaka declared independence to Ikkery. Kumbla, Chandragiri, and Bekal are considered to be the chain of forts constructed or renovated by Shivappa Nayaka . The Chandragiri Fort is built on the southern bank of the estuary of Chandragiri River , just opposite to Kasaragod town. The Bekal Fort at Bekal , Pallikkara , which
4232-461: The area covering the district was part of Puzhinadu, which consists of the coastal belt from Kozhikode to Mangalore . Politically the area was part of the Ezhimala Kingdom with its Capital at Ezhimala in present day Kannur district. The most famous King of Ezhimala was Nannan whose kingdom extended up to Gudalur and northern parts of Coimbatore. Poozhinad, along with Karkanad which included
4324-613: The battle of Kalyani. The coastal provinces of Karnataka came under his direct rule. He moved the capital to Ikkeri some 20 km. from Keladi . Sankanna Nayaka (1566–1570), succeeded Sadashiva Nayaka. Chikka Sankanna Nayaka (1570–1580) was an opportunistic ruler who took advantage of the confusion in the Vijayanagar Empire following its defeat at Tallikota and grabbed a few provinces in Uttara Kannada district. Rama Raja Nayaka (1580–1586) Hiriya Venkatappa Nayaka (1586–1629)
4416-477: The cities for expansion of radio stations through the third phase pertaining to the introduction of private FM radio channels in 253 new cities/towns each with a population of more than 1 lakh. With a good literacy rate, Kanhangad is home to many schools and colleges. It has also produced eminent teachers and scholars like P Kunhiraman Nair. Out of the two Education Divisions in the district, Kanhangad DEO has 46 UP schools and 72 High Schools under it; apart from
4508-686: The control of East India Company . Till 1862, Kanhangad was in Bekal Taluk under Bombay Presidency . On 15 April 1862 when the Dakshina Kannada region shifted to Madras Presidency , the region came under Kasaragod taluk . After the formation of Kerala State , Kasaragod taluk was divided and Kanhangad came under Hosdurg taluk on 1 January 1957. Kanhangad was an important centre of the Indian National movement . The Congress Working Committee joined at Kanhangad on 1 January 1925 and decided to launch
4600-451: The country on the north of the Chandragiri fort and river is called by Hindus as Tuluva, the Tulu country. According to Stuart (1895) “The Kasargod taluk originally formed the southern portion of the ancient Tulua kingdom and was separated from the kingdom of Kerala by the Chandragiri river which was formerly called “Perumpula”; the river on which the fort stands is shallow but very wide and formed
4692-467: The decade 2001–2011 was 8.18%. Kasaragod has a sex ratio of 1080 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 90.09%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.08% and 3.74% of the population respectively. The Kerala Tulu Academy , which promotes Tulu language and literature, is functioned at Hosangadi in district. Languages of Kasaragod district (2011) Kasaragod district majorly consists of Malayalam speakers who form 82.69% of
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#17328511719804784-487: The eastern regions of Ezhimala dynasty ( Wayanad - Gudalur region with some portions of Kodagu ), had its capital at Ezhimala . The Mooshaka Kings were considered descendants of Nannan. By the 14th century, Mooshaka Kingdom was known as Kolathirinad and the Rulers as Kolathiris. The Kolathunad Kingdom at the peak of its power reportedly extended from Netravati River ( Mangalore ) in the north to Korapuzha ( Kozhikode ) in
4876-622: The end of May, or the beginning of June, brought about by the monsoon clouds from the Arabian Sea heralded by thunderstorms, and lasts till September. October brings in the northeast monsoon typically begins with drizzling and later with heavy rainfall. Dry weather sets in by the end of December which brings the Winter . January and February are the coolest months of the year. March marks the beginning of Summer apparently April and May being very hot. A local news channel called "City channel" that covers local events and news from Kanhangad and nearby places
4968-545: The history of Karnataka, during a time of confusion and fragmentation that generally prevailed in South India after the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire. The Keladi rulers were of the Vokkaliga and Banajiga castes and were Veerashaivas by faith. The Haleri Kingdom that ruled over Coorg between 1600 A.D and 1834 A.D. was founded by a member of the Keladi family. Chaudappa Nayaka, originally Chauda Gowda , (1499–1530),
5060-469: The important crops that are grown in the eastern part of the region, which comprises forests and hilly areas. In the coastal areas are grown: coconut , rice and tobacco . Since the oil boom of the ’80s, young people have migrated to the oil-producing Gulf countries in pursuit of lucrative job opportunities. This has considerably changed the economic situation and lifestyle of the residents. Many families depend on money sent home by family members working in
5152-605: The kingdom controlled the coastal and malnad regions of present-day Karnataka and fostered a rich tradition of trade with the English, the Portuguese, and the Dutch. However, in the period of gloom brought about by the fall of the great Hindu empire, the Vijayanagar empire, constant wars—campaigns against local chieftains and the Mysore Kingdom and the harassment of the Marathas finally drained
5244-624: The leadership the former Chief Secretary P. Prabhakaran to study about the backwardness and issues faced by this northernmost district of Kerala and to draw up special package for the district. In 2013, two more Taluks, namely Manjeshwaram and Vellarikundu were formed in the district. The district is the northernmost district of the State of Kerala. Kasargod is located at 12°30′N 75°00′E / 12.5°N 75.0°E / 12.5; 75.0 . It has an average elevation of 19 metres (62 feet). Ranipuram or Madathumala (1016m) peak
5336-471: The maximum number of rivers in Kerala - 12. Kasaragod town is located on the estuary where the Chandragiri River , which is also the longest river in the district, empties into Arabian Sea . Kasaragod is home to several forts which include Arikady fort , Bekal Fort , Chandragiri Fort , and Hosdurg Fort . Bekal Fort is also the largest fort in Kerala. The historic hill of Ezhimala is located on
5428-576: The nearest airports from Kanhangad via NH66. A proposed Air Strip at Periya is under review which if materialised will ensure a never before domestic air transport that will boost the tourism sector in the region. The government has plans to introduce a waterway from Kovalam to Bekal. Proximity of Kanhangad with Nileshwar too increases the significance of the region. Kasaragod District Kasaragod ( Malayalam: [kaːsɐrɡoːɖɨ̆] ( Tulu : Kāsrōḍ , Kannada : Kāsaragūḍu , Marathi : Kāsāragōḍa ; English : Kassergode )
5520-461: The north and Kanhangad division is the south respectively. It has two Taluks under it namely Hosdurg and Vellarikundu . The two municipalities Kanhangad and Nileshwar, out of the three in the district comes under the Hosdurg Taluk which has a total of 29 villages under it. After the inauguration of Mini Civil Station, the old Taluk office building which was constructed during the time of British
5612-426: The oldest Masjid s in the Indian subcontinent . It is believed that Malik Dinar died at Thalangara in Kasaragod town. Many Arab travelers visiting Kerala between the 9th and the 14th centuries visited Kasaragod, being an important trade centre then. Duarte Barbosa, a Portuguese traveler who visited Kumbla , near Kasargod in 1514 recorded that rice being exported for coir to Maldives . According to Barbosa,
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#17328511719805704-422: The outcome of internal dissensions. Many portions of the present-day Hosdurg taluk (Kanhangad) and Vellarikundu were parts of the Nileshwaram dynasty, who were relatives to both Kolathunadu as well as Zamorin of Calicut , in the early medieval period. The areas north to the Chandragiri river (present-day Taluks of Manjeshwaram and Kasaragod) were ruled by the Kumbala dynasty. According to local legends,
5796-589: The people in the southwestern Malabar coast of India from Chandragiri in the north to Kanyakumari in the south spoke a unique language, which they called as "Maliama" ( Malayalam ). Until the 16th century CE, Kasargod town was known by the name Kanhirakode (may be by the meaning, 'The land of Kanhira Trees') in Malayalam . The Kumbla dynasty, who swayed over the land of southern Tulu Nadu wedged between Chandragiri River and Netravati River (including present-day Taluks of Manjeshwar and Kasaragod ) from Maipady Palace at Kumbla , had also been vassals to
5888-445: The political sovereignty of the Chera Kingdom in this region. Later, when Kolathunadu of Kolathiri dynasty from Kannur administered the region, Kolathiri appointed Kanhan as the baron of the region. So the name Kanhante Naadu , meaning 'Kanhan's Province' contracted to Kanhangad. Due to the collapse of the Kolathiri Dynasty, the reign of Elamkoor came to an end and the powerful elite barons renowned as Ettadukkal lords gained
5980-414: The population. Tulu and Kannada speakers concentrated in the Northern parts of the district like Manjeshwar , Uppala , Enmakaje , Badiyadka , Kumbla and Seethangoli form a significant linguistic minority with 8.77% and 4.23% each. Other languages spoken here include Marathi (1.76%) and Konkani (1.29%) Kasargod district comes under the jurisdiction of Kannur University . Kasaragod district
6072-408: The private schools. The rest of the schools in the district comes under the 'Kasargod Education District' division. Kanhangad has other prominent institutions like Kendriya Vidyalaya and Navodaya Vidyalaya, located at Periya. Periya also has a campus of the Central University of Kerala. One of the oldest colleges in the district, Nehru Arts and Science College is a landmark educational institution in
6164-410: The region between Talapadi and Kavvayi rivers which constituted the erstwhile Kasaragod taluk, consisted of 32 Tulu and 32 Malayalam villages. Kannada kingdoms focused on Kasaragod in the 16th century CE. The Vijayanagara empire attacked and annexed Kasaragod from the Kolathiri Raja with Nileshwaram as one of the capital in the 16th century. During the decline of the Vijayanagara empire,
6256-418: The region. The Agricultural University of Kerala at Padannakkad is another notable institution. The Science park at Chemmatamvayal is a place of importance for the school children. There is a Sub centre of the Kerala Civil Services Academy adjacent to it. Some of the major educational institutions include: The face of literature in Kanhangad is P. Kunhiraman Nair who was a Malayalam poet and teacher. There
6348-556: The remaining two Taluks are included in the Kanhangad subdivision. The National Highway 66 which connects the western coast of India from Mumbai to Kanyakumari passes through coastal area of the district connecting the major coastal towns of Manjeshwar , Uppala , Kumbla , Kasaragod , Udma , Bekal , Kanhangad , Nileshwaram , and Thrikaripur . It enters the district at Thalappady and goes out through Payyanur . There are State highways starting/ending at Kasaragod and Kanhangad . Total length of Major District Road (MDR)
6440-414: The representation of Kasargod in Kerala Legislative Assembly , there are 5 assembly constituencies. These are included in the Kasaragod (Lok Sabha constituency) . The district is further divided into 128 villages which together form 4 subdistricts. The major towns of the district include: Manjeshwaram and Kasargod subdistricts (Taluks) are included in the Kasaragod revenue subdivision whereas
6532-433: The respect he has earned even from the present generation of people of the region. He destroyed the Portuguese political power in the Kanara region by capturing all the Portuguese forts of the coastal region. Chikka Venkatappa Nayaka (1660–1662), ruled for a short span of time after Shivappa Nayaka. Bhadrappa Nayaka (1662–1664), succeeded Chikka Venkatappa Nayaka. During his reign the rule of Vokkaligas came to an end and
6624-445: The second-largest Taluk. Kasargod became a part of Kannur district of Kerala following the reorganization of states and the formation of Kerala on 1 November 1956. Later Kasargod was divided into two Taluks for the ease of administration - Kasargod and Hosdurg. Kasargod was declared a district in 1984. The inclusion of Kasaragod with Kerala has been a contentious issue as there is a sizeable population that speaks Tulu and Kannada. At
6716-629: The south with Arabian Sea on the west and Kodagu hills on the eastern boundary, also including the isolated islands of Lakshadweep in Arabian Sea. Ramacharitam , probably the oldest literary work written in Old Malayalam , which dates back to the 12th century CE, is thought to have been written in Kasargod district as its manuscripts were discovered from Nileshwaram and the poem mentions about Ananthapura Lake Temple in Kumbla in detail. Kasaragod
6808-516: The south. Tulunad, where Tulu is traditionally spoken, is said to be bound on the south by the Chandragiri river and fort, thus including Kasaragod city within the Tulunad region. Historian N. Shyam Bhat states that at present, the Tulu nadu can linguistically be said to extend to the south up to the river Chandragiri or Payaswini, and culturally up to the Kavvayi river in the south, as the region between
6900-456: The south. SH 57 , a 29.0 km State Highway connects Kasaragod to Kanhangad via Bekal and Udma in the north and it merges with the NH-66 at Kanhangad south . Kanhangad is connected to Madikeri , Coorg , Mysuru and Bangalore via Kanhangad - Panathur - Madikeri Highway which is planned to be upgraded as National Highway. NH-66 meets with Kanhangad-Panathur-Madikeri Highway and forms
6992-505: The southern boundary of the ancient Tulva kingdom. The nayars and the other females of the Kasargod taluk of south Canara, are prohibited from crossing the river.” In 1763, Hyder Ali raided Bedanoor (Bidnur), the capital of the Ikkery Naiks. His son Tippu Sultan raided much of Malabar region in Kerala. As per the Treaty of Seringapatam of 1792, Tippu surrendered Malabar, except Kanara to
7084-502: The southern portion of Kavvayi Backwaters of Nileshwaram . Talakaveri , which is home to Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary where the 805 km long Kaveri River originates, is located closer to Ranipuram in Kerala- Karnataka border. Robert Caldwell describes the extent of Malayalam in the late 19th century as extending from Chandragiri fort and Chandragiri river in the north to Neyyar river beyond Thiruvananthapuram in
7176-523: The strength. Among them, the mightiest was Allohalan, whose reign was concentrated around Madiyan Kovilakam . With the help of the Zamorin , Kolathiri has assassinated him and established a new dynasty at Neeleswaram headquarters. Earlier Kanhangad was a crucial port in all sense. Hence the Vijayanagara kings attacked Kanhangad too during their conquest of Tulu Nadu . After the fall of the Vijayanagara dynasty,
7268-528: The teachers in this school. Keralite K. Madhavan and Gandhi Krishnan Nair were students here. They attended the State Congress Conference held at Payyannur on 26 and 27 May in 1928 and K. Madhavan participated in it as a volunteer. In 1930, five people participated in the Salt Satyagraha protest under the leadership of K. Kelappan . There was active participation of people from Kanhangad in
7360-404: The time of 1951 Census of India, only 72.0% of the district's population chose their mother tongue as Malayalam . 14.2% chose Tulu and 6.3% chose Kannada. But it is noted that as per the 2011 census report only 8.8% and 4.2% of the total population in the district speak Tulu and Kannada respectively as their mother tongue. In 2012, the Second Oommen Chandy ministry appointed a commission under
7452-457: The treasury and resulted in the end of the kingdom. The Keladi Nayakas built some fine temples in Ikkeri and Keladi using a combination of late Kadamba , Hoysala , Vijayanagar , and Dravida styles. The use of granite for their construction shows they simply followed the Vijayanagar model of architecture. The Aghoreshwara temple at Ikkeri and the Rameshwara temple at Keladi are the best examples of
7544-640: The west and Western Ghats in the east. The Neeleshwaram River originates from the Kinanoor hills , passes south through Arangadi and drains into the Nileshwar . As cited in the Vadakkan Paattu or the North Malabar folklore songs, there was a temple in the name of Kanjiram Kaattappan and through this the name Kanjangad was derived. Another popular belief is that it was derived out of Kānjiramkād which means
7636-459: Was 89.56%. In Kanhangad, 11.5% of the population was under 6 years of age. There are 7,425 male children and 7,063 female children between the age 0–6 years. Thus, the child sex ratio of Kanhangad is 951 which is less than the state average sex ratio (1,144). Agriculture and fishing are the primary sources of income for residents of the region. The soil and topography allow for a diverse selection of crops: Rubber , pepper , cashew and ginger are
7728-545: Was defeated by Hyder Ali who merged the Keladi kingdom with the Kingdom of Mysore . The queen was captured by Hyder Ali and was kept in confinement along with her son in the fort of Madugiri. They were however rescued in 1767 when Madhavrao I of the Maratha Empire defeated Hyder Ali in the battle of Madugiri. Later, they were sent to Pune the capital of the Maratha Empire for protection. For more than two hundred years
7820-451: Was divided into 3 districts of Kannur, Kozhikode and Palakkad. The division of Kasaragod and Hosdurg Taluk were under Kannur district. The Kasaragod district came into being on 24 May 1984 and Kanhangad municipality was formed in June 1984. On 28 May 2013, Kasaragod Taluk was divided into Kasaragod and Manjeswaram taluks and Hosdurg taluk were split into Hosdurg and Vellarikundu taluks. Kanhangad
7912-462: Was from a village called Pallibailu near Keladi . He was the son of couple Basavappa and Basavamambe , who were into farming. He was the earliest chieftain to rule the area surrounding Shimoga , rose through self capability and acumen and was a feudatory of Vijayanagara Empire . Sadashiva Nayaka (1530–1566) was an important chieftain in the Vijayanagar Empire and earned the title Kotekolahala from emperor Aliya Rama Raya for his heroics in
8004-543: Was known to the Arabs by the name Harkwillia . Malik Dinar Mosque at Kasaragod town is one of the oldest mosques in the Indian subcontinent . According to Qissat Shakarwati Farmad , the Masjids at Kodungallur , Kollam , Madayi , Barkur , Mangalore , Kasaragod, Kannur , Dharmadam , Panthalayini , and Chaliyam , were built during the era of Malik Dinar , and they are among
8096-504: Was plundered by the Bijapur army during his time. Shivappa Nayaka (1645–1660) is widely considered as the ablest and greatest of the Keladi rulers. He was the uncle of Virabhadra Nayaka. Shivappa deposed his nephew to gain the throne of Keladi. He was not only an able administrator; he also patronised literature and fine arts. His successful campaigns against the Bijapur sultans, the Mysore kings,
8188-924: Was renovated as a historic monument. Under the local self-government, Kanhangad block has a total of 5 Panchayats . A part of northern Kanhangad, Ajanur is a bureaucratic nicety and a Census town . Some parts of Kanhangad town is put under an administrative unit called Ajanur Panchayath. The suburb continues to be part and parcel of Kanhangad city. The entire administrative area of Kanhangad lies in Hosdurg or Puthiyakotta. It includes all administrative units and offices like Municipality office, Taluk Office, Judicial Magistrate Court , Mini Civil Station , Police station, Fire station, District Educational Office , District Medical Office, Regional Transport Office , Revenue Divisional Office, District Homeopathy Hospital, Government Veterinary clinic and so on. As of 2011 Census , Kanhangad Municipality and Outgrowths had
8280-401: Was replaced by the rule of Banajigas. Somashekara Nayaka I (1664–1672) The King who was once a good administrator, gave up his interest in administration after his association with a dancer named Kalavati. Bharame Mavuta, a relative of Kalavati slow poisoned the king which eventually led to his death. Keladi Chennamma (1672–1697) She was an able ruler who some scholars claim was allied with
8372-607: Was transferred to Madras Presidency and Kasaragod taluk was formed by replacing the erstwhile Bekal taluk. However, in the 19th century CE, Kasargod Taluk witnessed many struggles to separate the region from South Canara and to merge it with the Malabar District as it was the only Malayalam-majority region in South Canara. Kasaragod was the second-most populated Taluk in South Canara only after to Mangalore taluk , and also
8464-544: Was under the reign of king Nanda Raja of Mushaka Rajya , headquartered in Ezhimala Kannur region during the Sangam period . The historic region was known as Poozhinadu and later Paduvanadu . However, the history of Kanhangad can be clearly understood only by the 8th century. During this period the area was a part of the 2nd Chera Dynasty . The illustrations of a Chera King, Bhaskaran Ravi Varman II obtained from Pullur shows
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