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52-531: Jungfernstieg mostly lies within the quarter of Neustadt ; however at its easternmost it stretches as far as Hamburg-Altstadt . In total the Jungfernstieg stretches some 600 m along the southern and south-western shores of the Binnenalster lake and continues further to Gänsemarkt . On the lakeside it is framed by Ballindamm (and the nearby Europa Passage shopping centre) to the east and Neuer Jungfernstieg to

104-630: A geest slope above the Elbe. Districts bordering Neustadt are (starting clockwise in the West/North-west): St. Pauli , Rotherbaum , Altstadt and HafenCity . For statistical and planning purposes, Neustadt has four designated localities ( German : Ortsteile ) and quarters (German: Viertel , or specifically used in Hamburg: Quartier ); however not recognized as administrative subdivisions. On its western and north-western borders, Neustadt

156-597: A citywide and state administration ( Senate of Hamburg ), and a local rank for the boroughs. The head of the city-state's government is the First Mayor and President of the Senate . A ministry is called Behörde (office) and a state minister is a Senator in Hamburg. The legislature is the state parliament, called Hamburgische Bürgerschaft , and the judicial branch is composed of the state supreme court and other courts. The seat of

208-452: A number of banks, art galleries and high-end shops. More importantly, its history, the scenic setting on the Binnenalster and its pivot role for the inner city's commercial life and street grid, attribute it with a strong " sense of place " for people to relax, watch and meet. In the course of the European migrant crisis , on 31 December 2015, Jungfernstieg boulevard was one of the scenes of

260-536: A president of the court and 8 judges. The president and 3 judges have to be lifetime judges in Hamburg. The Diet of Hamburg elect the judges for 6 years and they can only serve two terms in total. The schedule of responsibilities are based on the constitution of Hamburg (Art. 65) and the Gesetzes über das Hamburgische Verfassungsgericht (Law of the Constitutional Court of Hamburg) (§ 14). The professional judges of

312-523: Is honorary citizenship ( Ehrenbürgerrecht ). It is officially given by the senate, although the parliament must also confirm the senate's nominee. Honorary citizenship is comparable to the Freedom of the City , an honour awarded by many nations. The Golden Book consists of the signatures of especially honoured guests of Hamburg. The book, in actuality, is a golden leather-bound box and doesn't have fixed sheets. It

364-665: Is called Landtag . The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. The parliament is among other things responsible for the law, the election of the Erster Bürgermeister ( First Mayor ) for the election period and the control of the Senate ( cabinet ). The parliament is unicameral and the (currently) 123 deputies are elected in universal, direct, free, equal and secret elections every five years. The executive

416-399: Is encircled by " Ring 1 " (Holstenwall, Gorch-Fock-Wall, Esplanade), an 1880s-built ring road continuing into Altstadt . Ludwig-Erhard-Straße is a 1960s-built thoroughfare and part of Bundesstraße 4 , crossing Neustadt midway from East to West. Other notable streets are most of the shopping streets around Jungfernstieg and Gänsemarkt , and a couple of streets between St. Michaelis and

468-513: Is head in this government agency. In 2018, the First Mayor of Hamburg is Peter Tschentscher (SPD). The Ministry of Schools and Vocational Training (German: Behörde für Schule und Berufsbildung ) is responsible for managing the school system of Hamburg. (German: Behörde für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Gleichstellung ) Among others the Behörde für Inneres und Sport is the oversight authority for

520-521: Is in charge of correctional facilities, the courts and the revision of laws. In 2018, Till Steffen (GAL) is the Minister of Justice of Hamburg. (German: Behörde für Gesundheit und Verbraucherschutz ) On May 7, 2008 the former Ministry of Culture was renamed to the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Media (German: Behörde für Kultur, Sport und Medien ), and is now, among other duties, responsible for tourism,

572-719: Is one of the inner-city districts of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg , Germany . By 1529, Hamburg was firmly anchored in Lutheran Reformation and had successfully managed to divert its trade away from the Baltic to more dynamic markets along the Atlantic. Hamburg's economy boomed, between 1526 and 1551 the state budget tripled, and the Hanseatic city had become a major trade and capital market. Meanwhile, persecution of Protestants in

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624-560: Is the Senat der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg ( Senate of Hamburg / cabinet). Its purpose is to enforce the laws. The senate is responsible for the day-to-day management and head of this branch is the First Mayor. The senate represents Hamburg to the federal government and other states or countries. The Senat der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg is formed by the first mayor of Hamburg, the Minister President and mayor of Hamburg. The deputy

676-407: Is the second mayor, who at the same time is also the senator of a ministry. The senate is permitted no more than 12 members by law. This law also regulates among other, the remuneration, pension, privilege to refuse to give evidence and the legal position of Hamburg judges. The senators get appointed by the first mayor and thereafter they need to get elected by Hamburg Parliament. The First Mayor forms

728-889: The Christian Democratic Union (represented by the CDU Hamburg ), the Social Democratic Party , Alliance 90/The Greens , The Left , the Free Democratic Party , and the Alternative for Germany (represented by the AfD Hamburg ). The Statt Party is a minor political party which was founded in 1993. The party was elected to the Hamburg Parliament in the Hamburg state election of 1993 . The governing SPD and

780-582: The German Empire , the city-state retained partial sovereignty as a federal state. It was one of three republics within the German Empire until 1919, which meant that its First Mayor enjoyed the same rank in the Empire as the federal princes . Prior to the constitutional reforms in 1919, the hereditary grand burghers , or Hanseaten , had a legally privileged position and were the only ones eligible for election to

832-596: The Low Countries , other parts of Germany, Portugal , Spain and various other parts of Europe caused an immense influx of religious refugees into Hamburg. Between 1500 and 1600, the population of Hamburg tripled to 40,000, surpassing Lübeck as largest German port city. In advance of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the Hamburg Senate commissioned Dutch military engineer Johan van Valckenburgh to strengthen

884-872: The city's parliament in 1685. Other notable churches in Neustadt include four Nordic missions to seafarers: the Danish Seamen's Church Abroad (Benedikte), the Finnish Seamen's Mission , the Norwegian Church Abroad , and the Church of Sweden Abroad ( Gustav Adolf ), and the Anglican Church of England (St. Thomas Becket). Up until the late 19th and early 20th century, Neustadt was famous for its many "Gängeviertel": quarters with narrow alleys (Low German: Gänge ). However, due to unsustainable hygienic conditions, by

936-508: The law enforcement agencies in Hamburg, the fire brigade, for disaster control and its units, the residents registration offices and the State Election Office. The Scientology Task Force ( Arbeitsgruppe Scientology ) got dissolved at the end of 2010. (German: Finanzbehörde ) (German: Behörde für Wirtschaft, Verkehr und Innovation ) (German: Behörde für Umwelt und Energie ) The Ministry of Justice (German: Justizbehörde )

988-597: The numerous crimes in the city . During the summer of 2016, the promenade saw violent clashes and other crimes; migrants and refugees who gathered there in large groups were again among those involved. Several people were injured. Police eventually floodlighted the street on weekend nights to avoid further crimes, which decreased with the colder days in autumn. 53°33′11″N 9°59′33″E  /  53.55306°N 9.99250°E  / 53.55306; 9.99250 Hamburg-Neustadt Neustadt ( German: [ˈnɔʏʃtat] ; lit.   ' New town ' )

1040-494: The old town ( Alstadt ) east of the Alster River with the two new city-gates out west. Each of these three streets was given a market square at half distance: Gänsemarkt in the northern Neustadt, Schaarmarkt in the southern Neustadt, and Großneumarkt in the very center. The northern Neustadt around Gänsemarkt became a quarter of the wealthy and well-off citizens. Later this area also developed into Hamburg's opera district,

1092-658: The 1960s most of the Gängeviertel were demolished. Neustadt is bordered by Binnenalster and Alster (i.e. Alsterfleet) to the East, Elbe to the South, and the former Wallanlagen (now made up by a string of parks) to the West and North-west; among those: Planten un Blomen . Except for the blocks around Fleetinsel and the Alster's canals in the eastern part of the district, most of Neustadt lies on

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1144-472: The 1960s most of them were demolished. The Krameramtsstuben (Grocers' Apartments) are one of a few preserved examples of that time. At Rademachergang stands a fountain, dedicated to Hans Hummel (1787–1854), a former water carrier and one of Hamburg's beloved "Original(e)" (character(s)). The Alsterarkaden is an open arcade , spanning some 200 m along the entire North-west side of Kleine Alster . Designed by Alexis de Chateauneuf (1799–1853) and built in

1196-650: The Elbe's embankment at Baumwall and Vorsetzen. Important squares in Neustadt include Johannes-Brahms-Platz, Gänsemarkt, Großneumarkt, Millerntorplatz, Schaarmarkt, Sievekingplatz, Stephansplatz, and Zeughausmarkt. Like neighboring Altstadt , Neustadt is packed with landmarks and cultural heritage. The single most important landmark in Neustadt is the Church of St. Michaelis (St. Michael's), one of Hamburg's five Lutheran main-churches ( Hauptkirchen ). St. Michaelis became Neustadt's Lutheran parish in 1647, however only granted political rights in 1677, and permitted as college to

1248-474: The First Mayor was Primus inter pares among his colleagues in the Senate, by whom he was elected. Since then, he has been elected by the parliament and been able appoint and to dismiss other senators. Interpreting the law ( Judiciary ) is the task of the Constitutional Court of Hamburg ( Hamburgisches Verfassungsgericht ) and 17 other courts throughout Hamburg. The supreme court consists of

1300-892: The German states, Hamburg has its own police force . This forces consists of the state police Polizei Hamburg , the State Criminal Police Office (German: Landeskriminalamt ), the Criminal Investigation Services ( Kriminalpolizei ), the Water Police ( Wasserschutzpolizei ) controlling traffic in the port of Hamburg , the Stand-by Police ( Bereitschaftspolizei ), the Special Weapons and Tactics Unit ( Spezialeinsatzkommando ) and Mobile Surveillance Units ( Mobiles Einsatzkommando ). The State Office for

1352-690: The Protection of the Constitution of Hamburg ( Landesamt für den Verfassungsschutz ) is Hamburg's domestic intelligence agency . The Ministry of the Interior has the legal and technical oversight for the law enforcement agencies. Elections for the state parliament of Hamburg are held every five years, combined with the elections of the diet of the boroughs ( Bezirksversammlungen ). Since 2013, also minors who are 16 or older are allowed to vote for any elections in Hamburg. The main political parties in Hamburg are

1404-444: The area around Jungfernstieg eventually developed into an elegant shopping district. In contrast, many parts of the southern Neustadt became shady quarters of the port 's workers. Up until the late 19th and early 20th century, Neustadt was famous for its many "Gängeviertel": quarters with narrow alleys (Low German: Gänge ). In 1893 Neustadt was ravaged by a Cholera epidemic. Due to continuing, unsustainable hygienic conditions, by

1456-516: The body and its members before 1861. During the Napoleonic Wars , when Hamburg was occupied and then annexed into France, the existing Hamburg council was replaced by a municipal council ( conseil municipal or Munizipalrat ), which existed from 1813 to 1814, when the previous constitution was reinstated. Prior to the First World War the two mayors were elected for one-year-terms. Until 1997

1508-431: The city's defenses. The new Hamburg Ramparts ( Wallanlagen ) were also meant to meet demand for additional space to be within the city. When completed in 1626, the ramparts enclosed all of Altstadt , plus an almost equally large area west of it: the so-called Neustadt. Neustadt was laid out in a mostly rectangular street grid , though not much of that is recognizable today. Additionally, three principal streets connected

1560-475: The construction of a mill dam , in order to use the Alster 's water for a local corn mill . The resulting mill pond turned out much larger than expected, as it reached dimensions of an outright lake. It caused a legal battle, as to who had to pay for the lost land, but it also gave land for a city expansion in the back of the dam: Hamburg's Neustadt (new town). The embankment along the newly created Lake Binnenalster

1612-583: The entire build-up. After the subsequent reconstruction, Jungfernstieg presented itself in a coherent Neoclassical form . The Arcades on Kleine Alster date from this period. In 1843, Sillem's Bazar opened on Jungfernstieg as Germany's first shopping arcade , connecting onto Poststraße. During the Gründerzeit boom in the later decades of the 19th century, many of the Neoclassical buildings were gradually replaced by various Revival style buildings. Sillem's Bazar

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1664-540: The former German President Paul von Hindenburg . The Dalai Lama signed the Golden Book during his 5th visit to Hamburg in February 2007. Historically, Hamburg's citizens have not been legally allowed to receive decorations —only medals or medallions . When it was first enacted in the 13th century, the law applied only to members of the senate and Hamburg's judges. It was, however, later extended to all citizens by

1716-401: The government is Hamburg Rathaus . The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. This is a traditional difference to the other German states. The president is not allowed to exert any occupation of the executive. Prior to 1871, Hamburg was a fully sovereign country, and its government a sovereign government. Upon joining

1768-576: The intersection with Neuer Jungfernstieg, Jungfernstieg forms a Y-junction with Colonnaden , another shopping street. The entire circumference of the lakeside is occupied by a terrace . Two pavilions are located on the terrace: the Alsterpavillion (a café), and a smaller pavilion, which functions as the entrance to the rapid transit station . The lakeside is also a hub for Hamburg's Alster ferries. The history of Jungfernstieg began in 1235. At that time, Count Adolph IV of Holstein commissioned

1820-482: The lake front. Hanseaten accompanied their unmarried daughters out on a walk, looking for a suitable bridegroom, led to today's name of the promenade: Jungfern (i.e. maiden), Stieg (i.e. stair, walk). In 1799 the first Alsterpavillion (Alster Pavilion) was opened; it housed a café and a restaurant and − according to fashion − has been replaced six times until today. In 1838 Jungfernstieg became Germany's first street to be asphalted. The Great Fire of 1842 destroyed

1872-428: The ministries, according to the coalition agreement of the ruling parties. Until 1860 the government of Hamburg was called Rath or Rat (board/council), the members had been Ratsherrn (councillors) and Bürgermeister ( Burgomaster ). After a change of the Constitution of Hamburg in 1861 the government was called Hamburger Senat . The terms senate and senator are also sometimes used retrospectively when referring to

1924-404: The new Statt Party formed a coalition to rule until 1997, when the party lost all seats. The Party for a Rule of Law Offensive (Partei Rechtsstaatlicher Offensive – Offensive D) was a right-wing populist party which was represented in the Hamburg Parliament from 2001 until 2004, receiving 19.4% of votes. It is now defunct. The highest honour awarded by the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg

1976-473: The other courts are appointed by the senate according to a nomination of a committee. In 2018, there are eleven senators holding ministerial positions and the head of state, the First mayor. A senator is the presiding minister for a Behörde (translated: 'government agency' meaning here is more ministry ). The State Chancellery (German: Senatskanzlei ) coordinate the senate and support the mayor. The First Mayor

2028-455: The public record office of Hamburg, the office of the protection of historical monuments, and the memorial site for the Neuengamme concentration camp . In 2005 its annual budget was €212.7 million. (German: Behörde für Arbeit, Soziales, Familie und Integration ) (German: Behörde für Stadtentwicklung und Wohnen ) Since law enforcement and police duties are partly in the responsibility of

2080-412: The same time Hamburg is a municipality, there is no separation between these two administrative tasks. The power to create a law is restricted by federal law. There is a clear separation of powers . The power to create, amend and ratify laws ( legislature ) is given to the parliament. A plebiscite and a referendum is possible due to the Constitution of Hamburg. In other German states the parliament

2132-578: The senate. The local rank is organised in the 7 boroughs of Hamburg . The basis of the political system are the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany and the Constitution of the Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg . The Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg is its own state in the Federal Republic of Germany. Hamburg is a republic , democratic welfare state and a constitutional state . At

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2184-510: The senate. One of the few citizens of a Hanseatic city to receive a decoration was the entrepreneur Alwin Münchmeyer, who later stated that this were his "falls of mankind". Helmut Schmidt , former Hamburg Senator of the Interior and German Chancellor , declined several times to accept the Federal Cross of Merit , stating that he had been a Hamburg senator and, according to Hanseatic tradition,

2236-540: The tram was discontinued, though the Senate has repeatedly considered to reintroduce it. During the early 2000s, Jungfernstieg was substantially refurbished. The newly refurbished lake-side's terrace forms a public waterfront-plaza with views onto lake and the lake's fountain. The terrace is used for events throughout the year. Though not one of Hamburg's typical shopping streets, Jungfernstieg features direct access to some of Hamburg's largest shopping malls and accommodates

2288-456: The west. Towards the built-up area Jungfernstieg intersects with a number of streets - in the Altstadt with Bergstraße, Plan and Reesendamm; the latter carries on along the shore of Kleine Alster (Little Alster) towards Rathausmarkt . At Reesendammbrücke, Jungfernstieg crosses the Alster into Neustadt. It goes past Neuer Wall and Große Bleichen , two of Hamburg's leading shopping precincts . At

2340-636: The year after the Great Fire (1842), it was one of the first buildings in the redeveloped urban ensemble between Jungfernstieg and Rathausmarkt . Today they are center of the Passagenviertel. The Hanseatic Higher Regional Court ( Hanseatisches Oberlandesgericht , HansOLG) was founded in 1879 as the common supreme court of the three Hanseatic and republican city-states of Bremen (part of HansOLG until 1947), Hamburg (sole user today) and Lübeck (part of HansOLG until 1937). The courthouse at Wallanlagen

2392-492: Was a gift of the family of the First Mayor Carl Friedrich Petersen . In 1937 the German leader Adolf Hitler signed the book before giving a public speech in Hamburg. During denazification Hitler's sheet, as well as those of other Nazis, was removed from the book. The only Nazi signature remaining is from Reich Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels , due to the fact that he wrote on the same sheet as

2444-623: Was awarded by the three Hanseatic Cities of Bremen , Hamburg and Lübeck , who were member states of the German Empire . Each city-state established its own version of the cross, but the design and award criteria were similar for each. There were approximately 50,000 awards of the Hanseatic Cross of Hamburg. In 2007 the Herbert Weichmann medallion , named for the First Mayor Herbert Weichmann (in office 1965 – 1971),

2496-504: Was built between 1907 and 1912. The Hübner Haus , an office building and former marzipan factory, café, and pastry shop, was the first concrete building erected in Hamburg when completed in 1909. Senate of Hamburg The government of Hamburg is divided into executive , legislative and judicial branches. Hamburg is a city-state and municipality , and thus its governance deals with several details of both state and local community politics. It takes place in two ranks –

2548-526: Was granted for the first time by the city of Hamburg, honoring "those—both Jewish and non-Jewish—who have contributed to Jewish life in Germany". Its first recipients were Paul Spiegel (posthumous), who was a member of the executive committee of the Central Council of Jews in Germany , and Hinrich Reemtsma, whose foundation contributed €500,000 to the renovation of an old Talmud Torah school into

2600-437: Was named Reesendamm , in honor of miller Heinrich Reese, who at the time operated the mill. During the 17th and 18th century Reesendamm was enhanced and widened several times. In 1665 a line of linden trees were planted along the water front. With Hamburg's growing international sea trade and the city's status as a sovereign city-state , the elegant promenade obtained a cosmopolitan outlook and became popular for strolls along

2652-500: Was not permitted to wear decorations. In 1843 a fire medal was awarded to the volunteer firefighters who assisted Hamburg during the great fire that engulfed the city from 5 May 1842 until 8 May. In total 4,858 medals were awarded. The inscription on the medal states "Das Dankbare Hamburg Seinen Freunden In Der Noth" ("The grateful Hamburg in need to its friends"). During World War I the Hanseatic Cross (German: Hanseatenkreuz )

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2704-454: Was replaced by Renaissance Revival Hamburger Hof in 1881. Art Nouveau Heine-Haus was rebuilt in 1903. Scholviens-Passage was replaced by Alsterhaus department store in 1912. In 1866, a horsecar line was introduced on Jungfernstieg, which by 1900 was replaced by an electric tram line . Jungfernstieg U-Bahn station was opened in 1931 and extended by an underground S-Bahn station in 1973. Gänsemarkt U-Bahn station opened in 1970. By 1978

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